Ramachandran, US
Anand Ramachandran, Chandler, AZ US
Patent application number | Description | Published |
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20100001786 | CLOCK GENERATION FOR MEMORY ACCESS WITHOUT A LOCAL OSCILLATOR - A method of accessing electronic memory is provided in electronic circuits where it is desired to lower power consumption and hence there is no active oscillator at the time when access to data within the electronic memory is required. The invention provides a method therefore for accessing the electronic memory from a controller, which generates its own clock signals from a data, communications bus electrically coupled to the controller. Advantageously the method allows for memory access to be continued in integrated circuits where a subset of circuits are powered down to reduce power consumption, and one of the subset of circuits is an oscillator. | 01-07-2010 |
Anantha Narayanan Ramachandran, Clearwater, FL US
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20090026255 | Store Solutions - Disclosed are systems and methods that time correlate input at a point of entry of consumer data of least two identifications for products, prescriptions, vouchers, or codes, uses positive correlation determinations for triggering output of predetermined information. The time correlation of identifications may be used to build a time correlation database, and thereafter use that database for targeted communications. Related inventions include an intelligent Y cable or the like to filter data transmitted from a scanner at a point of entry of consumer data, and a novel POS CS configured to receive bar codes that would otherwise cause the POS CS to enter an error condition. | 01-29-2009 |
20110320258 | Store Solutions - Disclosed are systems and methods that time correlate input at a point of entry of consumer data of least two identifications for products, prescriptions, vouchers, or codes, uses positive correlation determinations for triggering output of predetermined information. The time correlation of identifications may be used to build a time correlation database, and thereafter use that database for targeted communications. Related inventions include an intelligent Y cable or the like to filter data transmitted from a scanner at a point of entry of consumer data, and a novel POS CS configured to receive bar codes that would otherwise cause the POS CS to enter an error condition. | 12-29-2011 |
20130282492 | STORE SOLUTIONS - Disclosed are systems and methods that time correlate input at a point of entry of consumer data of least two identifications for products, prescriptions, vouchers, or codes, uses positive correlation determinations for triggering output of predetermined information. The time correlation of identifications may be used to build a time correlation database, and thereafter use that database for targeted communications. Related inventions include an intelligent Y cable or the like to filter data transmitted from a scanner at a point of entry of consumer data, and a novel POS CS configured to receive bar codes that would otherwise cause the POS CS to enter an error condition. | 10-24-2013 |
20140337117 | STORE SOLUTIONS - Disclosed are systems and methods that time correlate input at a point of entry of consumer data of least two identifications for products, prescriptions, vouchers, or codes, uses positive correlation determinations for triggering output of predetermined information. The time correlation of identifications may be used to build a time correlation database, and thereafter use that database for targeted communications. Related inventions include an intelligent Y cable or the like to filter data transmitted from a scanner at a point of entry of consumer data, and a novel POS CS configured to receive bar codes that would otherwise cause the POS CS to enter an error condition. | 11-13-2014 |
Anil Ramachandran, Rolla, MO US
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20090012882 | ADAPTIVE INVENTORY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM - An adaptive inventory management system and method eliminates or minimizes frequency interference issues within a facility that employs a plurality of RFID readers for purposes of tracking and managing inventory. A middleware server activates and deactivates adjacent RFID readers within the facility based on the location of an item having an RFID tag. The middleware server also queries an inventory database based on the information collected from the RFID tag of the item and generates a command signal based on information retrieved from the database to control the travel route of the vehicle transporting items of inventory within the facility. | 01-08-2009 |
Anil Ramachandran, Florissant, MO US
Patent application number | Description | Published |
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20110231020 | System for Remote Control of a Condition at a Site - A system is provided for remote control of at least one operating condition of a site. The system includes a proximity detection module at a residential site, which is configured to receive a communication regarding a location of a location reporting device or a mobile device. The proximity detection module is configured to alter or adjust a current temperature setting for the site based on a distance or location of the location reporting device or mobile device relative to the site. | 09-22-2011 |
20120253520 | CONTROLLER FOR A CLIMATE CONTROL SYSTEM - A system is provided for controlling at least one climate control apparatus for conditioning a space. The system includes a controller mountable to a climate control apparatus that is segregated from the space to be conditioned. The controller has a plurality of selectable setting parameters for configuring the controller to operate at least one of a plurality of climate control apparatus, and a plurality of visual indicators for visually indicating the selection of at least one selectable setting parameter. A user interface is adapted for installation in the space, and has a display for displaying selectable setting parameters for configuring the controller. The user interface includes user input controls for enabling selection of at least one displayed selectable setting parameter, where the controller responsively activates at least one visual indicator for indicating the selection of at least one selectable setting parameter by the user-interface. | 10-04-2012 |
20130304260 | Controllers and Methods for Accepting Multiple Different Types of Input Signals - According to various aspects, exemplary embodiments are disclosed of controllers and methods for accepting multiple different types of input signals. One example controller includes an input circuit including first and second input terminals for receiving an input signal and at least one programmable resistor coupled to the first terminal. A processing device is coupled to the input circuit. The processing device is configured to control a resistance of the at least one programmable resistor based on a terminal setting. The terminal setting indicates whether the input signal is a voltage signal, a current signal, or a resistance signal. The processing device is configured to interpret the input signal applied to the processing device via the input circuit. | 11-14-2013 |
20130310988 | Controller for a Climate Control System - A system is provided for controlling at least one climate control apparatus for conditioning a space. The system includes a controller mountable to a climate control apparatus that is segregated from the space to be conditioned. The controller has a plurality of selectable setting parameters for configuring the controller to operate at least one of a plurality of climate control apparatus, and a plurality of visual indicators for visually indicating the selection of at least one selectable setting parameter. A user interface is adapted for installation in the space, and has a display for displaying selectable setting parameters for configuring the controller. The user interface includes user input controls for enabling selection of at least one displayed selectable setting parameter, where the controller responsively activates at least one visual indicator for indicating the selection of at least one selectable setting parameter by the user-interface. | 11-21-2013 |
20140299670 | Current Control for Power Stealing - A thermostat for use in a climate control system has a power stealing circuit that provides power from a voltage supply through a load of the climate control system when the load is in an “off” mode. The power stealing circuit has a current limiting circuit that provides a maximum level of instantaneous current predetermined to be a threshold beyond which the load is switched to an “on” mode. | 10-09-2014 |
20140329461 | Provisioning a Wireless-Capable Device for a Wireless Network - Disclosed are exemplary embodiments of apparatus and methods for provisioning a wireless-capable device for a wireless network. In an exemplary embodiment, a wireless-capable device, e.g., a thermostat, generally includes provisioning component(s) configured to receive from, and without a wired connection to, a wireless user device at least a network profile for provisioning the wireless-capable device for a wireless network. The provisioning components have no capability to receive the network profile through the wireless network. The provisioning component(s) are further configured to provide information for provisioning control of the wireless-capable device to a user account accessible through the wireless network. | 11-06-2014 |
20150066216 | Optimizing Communication Modes in Wireless-Enabled Climate Control System Controllers - Disclosed are exemplary embodiments of system controllers and methods for controlling a climate control system. In an exemplary embodiment, a wireless-enabled climate system controller receives power from one or more power sources. A processor and memory of the controller are configured to monitor power budget availability from the power source(s) for performance of wireless communication by the climate control system controller. The processor and memory are further configured to determine power budget requirements for combinations of communication modes in which the controller is capable of performing wireless communication, and based on the monitoring and determining, configure the controller to perform wireless communication using a selected one of the communication mode combinations. A thermostat can optimize levels of operation and battery life, by determining an appropriate operating mode that could offer the most functionality while not exceeding the power budget available. | 03-05-2015 |
Anirudh Ramachandran, Atlanta, GA US
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20090300768 | Method and apparatus for identifying phishing websites in network traffic using generated regular expressions - According to an aspect of this invention, a method to detect phishing URLs involves: creating a whitelist of URLs using a first regular expression; creating a blacklist of URLs using a second regular expression; comparing a URL to the whitelist; and if the URL is not on the whitelist, comparing the URL to the blacklist. False negatives and positives may be avoided by classifying Internet domain names for the target organization as “legitimate”. This classification leaves a filtered set of URLs with unknown domain names which may be more closely examined to detect a potential phishing URL. Valid domain names may be classified without end-user participation. | 12-03-2009 |
20130031630 | Method and Apparatus for Identifying Phishing Websites in Network Traffic Using Generated Regular Expressions - According to an aspect of this invention, a method to detect phishing URLs involves: creating a whitelist of URLs using a first regular expression; creating a blacklist of URLs using a second regular expression; comparing a URL to the whitelist; and if the URL is not on the whitelist, comparing the URL to the blacklist. False negatives and positives may be avoided by classifying Internet domain names for the target organization as “legitimate”. This classification leaves a filtered set of URLs with unknown domain names which may be more closely examined to detect a potential phishing URL. Valid domain names may be classified without end-user participation. | 01-31-2013 |
20140245436 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DETECTING AND RESPONDING TO ATTACKING NETWORKS - A system and method for detecting a first network of compromised computers in a second network of computers, comprising: collecting Domain Name System (DNS) data for the second network; examining the collected data relative to DNS data from known comprised and/or uncompromised computers in the second network; and determining the existence of the first network and/or the identity of compromised computers in the second network based on the examination. | 08-28-2014 |
Anirudh V. Ramachandran, Atlanta, GA US
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20120137375 | SECURITY SYSTEMS AND METHODS TO REDUCE DATA LEAKS IN ENTERPRISE NETWORKS - Disclosed are embodiments of a security system for reducing data leaks by checking information flows between resources of a network. When an information flow is attempted between a sending resource, which can be anywhere in the network, and a receiving resource residing at a specific host within the network, a host labeler can determine whether information is allowed to flow from the sending resource to the receiving resource. The sending resource and the receiving resource can each have an applicable label, and each label can comprise zero, one, or more taints. For each taint having an active secrecy characteristic in a label of the sending resource, the host labeler can require that there be a matching taint with active secrecy characteristic in the receiving resource. If this condition is not met, the security system can block the information flow between the sending and receiving resources. | 05-31-2012 |
Aravind K. Ramachandran, Redmond, WA US
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20110191832 | RESCUING TRUSTED NODES FROM FILTERING OF UNTRUSTED NETWORK ENTITIES - Network entities controlling a set of nodes may vary by trustworthiness, such as tolerance for nodes that send spam, distribute malware, or perform denial-of-service attacks. A device receiving such activities may identify a trust rating of the network entity and apply appropriately stringent filtering (such as spam evaluation) to activities received from nodes controlled by the network entity. However, a poor trust rating of a network entity may subject a legitimate node controlled by the network entity to inefficiently or unfairly stringent activity filtering. Instead, the device may evaluate the activities of a particular node, assign a trust rating to the node, and if the trust rating of the node is higher than the trust rating of the network entity, apply less stringent activity filtering to the activities of the node, thereby “rescuing” the node from the more stringent activity filtering applied to the other nodes of the network entity. | 08-04-2011 |
20110191847 | ACTIVITY FILTERING BASED ON TRUST RATINGS OF NETWORK ENTITIES - The filtering of activities generated by nodes of a network while interacting with a device may be performed by evaluating the desirability of the activities (e.g., a spam or not-spam determination of email messages sent by the node) and assigning a trust rating to the node. However, nodes are often identified by network address, and an operator of a node sending undesirable activities may reassign the network address of the node in order to avoid heavy filtering. Instead, nodes may be identified as being controlled by a network entity (e.g., an autonomous system identified in a border gateway protocol routing table.) The network entity is assigned a network entity trust rating based on the trust ratings of the nodes controlled thereby, and an appropriate level of activity filtering based on the network entity trust rating may be selected for subsequent activities received from all nodes controlled by the network entity. | 08-04-2011 |
20130018965 | REPUTATIONAL AND BEHAVIORAL SPAM MITIGATIONAANM Ramachandran; Aravind K.AACI RedmondAAST WAAACO USAAGP Ramachandran; Aravind K. Redmond WA USAANM Davis; Malcolm HollisAACI KirklandAAST WAAACO USAAGP Davis; Malcolm Hollis Kirkland WA USAANM Costea; MihaiAACI RedmondAAST WAAACO USAAGP Costea; Mihai Redmond WA US - One or more techniques and/or systems are provided for identifying abusive message objects (e.g., URLs, email addresses, etc.), abusive infrastructure components and/or abusive users of a message communication medium(s). In particular, abusive message objects may be identified by aggregating abuse reports to assign abuse values to message objects used within messages by reported users identified within the abuse reports. Abusive users may be identified based upon (e.g., unreported) users that have sent messages comprising message objects identified as abusive. Users may also be identified as abusive users based upon account usage patterns within the message communication medium(s) (e.g., a broadcast usage pattern where a user sends a large number of messages, but receives few responses). Additionally, infrastructure components associated with abusive users may be identified as abusive infrastructure components. In this way, abusive content, such as spam, may be identified and/or mitigated within the message communication medium(s). | 01-17-2013 |
Arun Venkat Ramachandran, Redmond, WA US
Patent application number | Description | Published |
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20130198257 | ROAMING OF NOTE-TAKING APPLICATION FEATURES - Methods are disclosed for managing configuration variables and settings within a note-taking application such that application features are adjusted globally across an entire note-taking application regardless of the particular device from which application content is accessed. The configuration variables and settings may pertain to any or all of a variety of application features such as but not limited to adjustment of client, user and content-specific configuration options. | 08-01-2013 |
Bharat Ramachandran, Morganville, NJ US
Patent application number | Description | Published |
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20130301031 | TEMPLATES FOR OPTICAL SHAPE SENSING CALIBRATION DURING CLINICAL USE - A medical device calibration apparatus, system and method include a calibration template ( | 11-14-2013 |
20130308137 | INTEGRATION OF FIBER OPTIC SHAPE SENSING WITHIN AN INTERVENTIONAL ENVIRONMENT - An integrated optical shape sensing system and method include an arrangement structure ( | 11-21-2013 |
20130317356 | REFERENCE MARKERS FOR LAUNCH POINT IDENTIFICATION IN OPTICAL SHAPE SENSING SYSTEMS - An optical shape sensing system employing an optical fiber ( | 11-28-2013 |
20130325387 | SHAPE SENSING DEVICE-SPECIFIC - A medical instrument, system and method for calibration are provided. The instrument includes a body ( | 12-05-2013 |
20140155737 | CURVED MULTI-PLANAR RECONSTRUCTION USING FIBER OPTIC SHAPE DATA - A system and method include a shape sensing enabled device too ( | 06-05-2014 |
20140206988 | MEDICAL DEVICE INSERTION AND EXIT INFORMATION USING DISTRIBUTED FIBER OPTIC TEMPERATURE SENSING - A system, device and method include a sensing enabled device having an optical fiber configured to perform distributed sensing of temperature-induced strain. An interpretation module is configured to receive optical signals from the optical fiber within a body and interpret the optical signals to determine one or more temperatures or temperature gradients of the device. | 07-24-2014 |
20140212025 | AUTOMATIC ONLINE REGISTRATION BETWEEN A ROBOT AND IMAGES - A registration system and method includes a configurable device ( | 07-31-2014 |
20140222370 | RAPID DENSE POINT CLOUD IMAGING USING PROBABILISTIC VOXEL MAPS - A system, device and method include a sensing enabled device ( | 08-07-2014 |
20140243660 | SHAPE SENSING ASSISTED MEDICAL PROCEDURE - A system and method for shape sensing assistance in a medical procedure includes a three-dimensional image ( | 08-28-2014 |
20140243687 | SHAPE SENSING DEVICES FOR REAL-TIME MECHANICAL FUNCTION ASSESSMENT OF AN INTERNAL ORGAN - A system and method for functioning organ assessment include a sensing enabled flexible device ( | 08-28-2014 |
20140308016 | SMART TOOL HOLDER FOR AN OPTICAL SHAPE-SENSING FIBER - A method, system, and program product hold and manipulate tools during an intervention procedure. The device comprises: a holder body in fixed attachment with a shape-sensing fiber optic fiber; one of a plurality of tools being held by the holder body in coupled alignment with the shape-sensing fiber optic fiber. | 10-16-2014 |
20140354300 | DISTORSION FINGERPRINTING FOR EM TRACKING COMPENSATION, DETECTION AND ERROR CORRECTION - A system for accounting for electromagnetic (EM) distortion with an EM tracking system includes a sensor array ( | 12-04-2014 |
20150045692 | TEMPERATURE CONTROL MECHANISMS FOR STABLE SHAPE SENSING - A fiber optic shape sensing system includes an elongated fiber optic shape sensing device ( | 02-12-2015 |
20150087927 | VOXEL TAGGING USING FIBER OPTIC SHAPE SENSING - A voxel tagging system (100) includes a sensing enabled device (104) having an optical fiber (126) configured to sense induced strain within the device (Bragg grating sensor). An interpretation module (112) is configured to receive signals from the optical fiber interacting with an internal organ, e.g. heart, and to interpret the signals to determine positions visited by the at least one optical fiber within the internal organ. A data source (152, 154) is configured to generate data associated with an event or status, e.g. respiration, ECG phase, time stamp, etc.. A storage device (116) is configured to store a history (136) of the positions visited in the internal organ and associate the positions with the data generated by the data source (152, 154). | 03-26-2015 |
Bhaskar Ramachandran, Bellevue, WA US
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20120223776 | POWER SUPPLY CONTROLLER FOR A MULTI-GAIN STEP RF POWER AMPLIFIER - A power supply controller controls the power supply voltage provided to a multi-gain step RF power amplifier to increase the efficiency of the RF power amplifier when the different gains of the RF power amplifier are selected and, thereby, reduce the power consumed by the multi-gain step RF power amplifier. | 09-06-2012 |
Chandrashekar Ramachandran, Everett, WA US
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20130231898 | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS - A method of analyzing a structural component may include the step of storing one or more of the following on a server: at least one material allowable for a structural component, at least one load case for the structural component, and at least one analysis template having at least one analysis variable. The method may further include the step of providing, using an interface, at least one entry for the analysis variable. The method may further include performing, using a processor-based structural component analyzer, a strength analysis of the structural component using the analysis template and based on the load case and the entry for the analysis variable. The method may further include determining, using the analyzer, a margin of safety of the structural component based on the material allowable. | 09-05-2013 |
Cheppail Ramachandran, Miami, FL US
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20090203634 | Compositions and Uses of Amooranin Compounds - Amooranin (AMR) has been found to cause tumor cell death through G | 08-13-2009 |
Deepak Ramachandran, Champaign, IL US
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20090147994 | TORO: TRACKING AND OBSERVING ROBOT - The present invention provides a method for tracking entities, such as people, in an environment over long time periods. A region-based model is generated to model beliefs about entity locations. Each region corresponds to a discrete area representing a location where an entity is likely to be found. Each region includes one or more positions which more precisely specify the location of an entity within the region so that the region defines a probability distribution of the entity residing at different positions within the region. A region-based particle filtering method is applied to entities within the regions so that the probability distribution of each region is updated to indicate the likelihood of the entity residing in a particular region as the entity moves. | 06-11-2009 |
20100094786 | Smoothed Sarsa: Reinforcement Learning for Robot Delivery Tasks - The present invention provides a method for learning a policy used by a computing system to perform a task, such delivery of one or more objects by the computing system. During a first time interval, the computing system determines a first state, a first action and a first reward value. As the computing system determines different states, actions and reward values during subsequent time intervals, a state description identifying the current sate, the current action, the current reward and a predicted action is stored. Responsive to a variance of a stored state description falling below a threshold value, the stored state description is used to modify one or more weights in the policy associated with the first state. | 04-15-2010 |
Deepak Ramachandran, Westport, CT US
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20120131000 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR IDENTIFYING TALENT BY MATCHING WITH THE GIVEN TECHNICAL NEEDS AND BUILDING TALENT PROFILE FROM MULTIPLE DATA SOURCES - A system includes a server processor coupled to the Internet. The server processor is configured to receive a problem statement from a user and automatically generate a search query based on the problem statement. The server processor is configured to use the search query to perform a database search of a plurality of databases that are stored in a machine readable storage media accessible via the Internet and/or in house data sources available within the internal computer network. The server processor is configured to generate and output an identification of a ranked set of documents and/or information to the user in response to the search query. The server processor is configured to receive from the user an identification of a subset of the ranked set, and automatically extract a set of names of experts from the subset. | 05-24-2012 |
Gomathi Ramachandran, Holmdel, NJ US
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20110116390 | METHOD, DEVICE, AND COMPUTER PROGRAM PRODUCT FOR DETECTING AND ENCODING STATES FOR ACCURATE MEASUREMENT - A method, device, and program for determining states in a flow of packets are provided. A flow of transmitted packets is received. When the difference between the sequence number of the arriving packet and the next expected sequence number is equal to zero and when the TTL number of the arriving packet is equal to the TTL number of the previous packet, there is a stable state beginning with the first of the consecutively received packets. If a difference between the sequence number of an arriving packet and a next expected sequence number is greater than 1, or TTL of the arriving packet is not equal to the TTL number of the previous packet, there is a not stable state. Time between end of one stable state and start of the next stable state is the hole, and the states and holes correlate to events for analysis of the network. | 05-19-2011 |
20130010608 | METHOD, DEVICE, AND COMPUTER PROGRAM PRODUCT FOR DETECTING AND ENCODING STATES FOR ACCURATE MEASUREMENT - A method, device, and program for determining states in a flow of packets are provided. A flow of transmitted packets is received. When the difference between the sequence number of the arriving packet and the next expected sequence number is equal to zero and when the TTL number of the arriving packet is equal to the TTL number of the previous packet, there is a stable state beginning with the first of the consecutively received packets. If a difference between the sequence number of an arriving packet and a next expected sequence number is greater than 1, or TTL of the arriving packet is not equal to the TTL number of the previous packet, there is a not stable state. Time between end of one stable state and start of the next stable state is the hole, and the states and holes correlate to events for analysis of the network. | 01-10-2013 |
20130051252 | METHODS, SYSTEMS, AND COMPUTER PROGRAM PRODUCTS FOR MONITORING NETWORK PERFORMANCE - Network performance management includes identifying a location of a test unit, providing a test protocol to the test unit over a network, and transmitting a stream of data packets to the test unit. The network performance management also includes identifying, via the location of the test unit, a transmission path of network elements through which the stream of packets flows. The network performance management further includes tracking measurements associated with the stream of data packets transmitted to the test unit and return data packets received from the test unit. The measurements are tracked for segments associated with each of the network elements in the transmission path. | 02-28-2013 |
Hari Krishnan Ramachandran, New York, NY US
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20120201902 | ANTIMICROBIAL/PRESERVATIVE COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING BOTANICALS - The present invention relates to a preservative or antimicrobial compositions which comprise low concentrations of botanical extracts, in synergistic combinations with alkanediols in a solvent system, optionally with fruit acids. Additionally, the present invention relates to a preservative or antimicrobial compositions which comprise a silver compound, an essential oil or individual constituent, one or more zinc salts, and one or more alkanediol. The compositions of the invention may be used in personal care products including wound care products or in veterinary use. Preferably, the compositions of the invention have little or no human-detectable fragrance. | 08-09-2012 |
20130230609 | ANTIMICROBIAL/PRESERVATIVE COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING BOTANICALS - The present subject matter relates to a preservative or antimicrobial compositions which comprise low concentrations of botanical extracts, in synergistic combinations with alkanediols in a solvent system, optionally with fruit acids. Additionally, the present subject matter relates to a preservative or antimicrobial compositions which comprise a silver compound, an essential oil or individual constituent, one or more zinc salts, and one or more alkanediol. The compositions of the application may be used in personal care products including wound care products or in veterinary use. Preferably, the compositions of the application have little or no human-detectable fragrance. | 09-05-2013 |
20140242198 | BOTANICAL ANTIMICROBIAL COMPOSITIONS - Disclosed are compositions comprising antimicrobially effective low concentrations of benzyl alcohol, one or more essential oil and one or more botanical extract. The compositions of the application may be used in personal care products including wound care products or in veterinary use. In certain embodiments, compositions are provided having antimicrobial active agents that are substantially or essentially entirely derived from natural sources, thereby allowing the user to avoid harsh and/or toxic chemicals. This may be particularly advantageous in products for use by or on children or pets or for use in households or other environments occupied by children or animals. | 08-28-2014 |
Jayaraman Ramachandran, Plainsboro, NJ US
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20110141951 | METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR TIMESLOT TELECONFERENCING - Methods and apparatus are provided for a timeslot teleconference. A meeting invite is created for a timeslot teleconference on a computer. Timeslots are created for the timeslot teleconference in the meeting invite on the computer. Participants are designated for the timeslots in the meeting invite on the computer, and the timeslots are different time periods during the timeslot teleconference, which can have variable start and end times, as determined by a host. Reach numbers are added for each of the participants in the meeting invite on the computer, and the reach numbers are contact numbers to call the participants for their respective timeslots. The meeting invite is transmitted to participants on the computer. To participate in the timeslot teleconference, the timeslot teleconference is configured for the reach numbers to be called for the participants to correspond to their respective timeslots and/or the participants to call in for their respective timeslots. | 06-16-2011 |
20110295577 | Systems, Methods, and Computer Program Products for Estimating Crowd Sizes Using Information Collected From Mobile Devices in a Wireless Communications Network - Systems, methods, and computer program products are for estimating crowd size at a location. An exemplary method includes determining, at a crowd size analyzer, a number of wireless service users at the location, and estimating, at the crowd size analyzer, a total number of people at the location based upon the number of wireless service users determined to be at the location. | 12-01-2011 |
20120155323 | Methods, Devices, and Computer Program Products for Auditing and Repairing a Wireless Telecommunications Network Configuration - A wireless telecommunications network configuration is audited and repaired. Configuration data is received, representing a current configuration of network elements within the network. The current configuration indicates how network elements are configured within the network or routing and handling communications within the network. Fault and performance data is received representing a current level service quality of the network. The current configuration data is compared to a signature configuration of the network, the signature configuration representing how network elements should be configured within the network such that communications are routed and handled for at least one of optimal performance, disaster recovery, and operation continuity. A determination is made, based on the comparison and the collected fault and performance data, whether repairs are needed to the current configuration of the network. Repair information is provided for the network elements needing repairs based on a determination that repairs are needed. | 06-21-2012 |
20130182616 | METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR TIMESLOT TELECONFERENCING - Methods and apparatus are provided for a timeslot teleconference. A meeting invite is created for a timeslot teleconference on a computer. Timeslots are created for the timeslot teleconference in the meeting invite on the computer. Participants are designated for the timeslots in the meeting invite on the computer, and the timeslots are different time periods during the timeslot teleconference, which can have variable start and end times, as determined by a host. Reach numbers are added for each of the participants in the meeting invite on the computer, and the reach numbers are contact numbers to call the participants for their respective timeslots. The meeting invite is transmitted to participants on the computer. To participate in the timeslot teleconference, the timeslot teleconference is configured for the reach numbers to be called for the participants to correspond to their respective timeslots and/or the participants to call in for their respective timeslots. | 07-18-2013 |
20130226543 | Systems, Methods, and Computer Program Products for Estimating Crowd Sizes Using Information Collected From Mobile Devices in a Wireless Communications Network - Systems, methods, and computer program products are for estimating crowd size at a location. An exemplary method includes determining, at a crowd size analyzer, a number of wireless service users at the location, and estimating, at the crowd size analyzer, a total number of people at the location based upon the number of wireless service users determined to be at the location. | 08-29-2013 |
Kalpana Ramachandran, Shakopee, MN US
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20130288988 | Diagnostic Methods and Markers for Bacterial Vaginosis - A method of diagnosing bacterial vaginosis in a woman, which involves determining an amount of each of more than one BV-associated bacterium in a vaginal sample obtained from the female and assessing a BV status of the female based on the amount of each of the more than one BV-associated bacterium in the sample. | 10-31-2013 |
Karthik Ramachandran, Lawrence, KS US
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20100233239 | Templated islet cells and small islet cell clusters for diabetes treatment - A scaffold having islet cells or small islet cell clusters attached thereto in a multilayer, and a micro-mold having divots for culturing islets, wherein islet formation is influenced by the shape and dimensions of the divots are disclosed. | 09-16-2010 |
Karthik Ramachandran, Shawnee, KS US
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20130029875 | TEMPLATED ISLET CELLS AND SMALL ISLET CELL CLUSTERS FOR DIABETES TREATMENT - Substrates and devices for culturing cells are disclosed, along with methods of using the same. The substrates and devices include top surfaces with one or more divots disposed therein. Each divot is defined by an opening in the top surface, a rounded bottom surface spaced from the opening, and an interior side-wall surface extending between the rounded bottom surface and the opening. The top surface of the substrates and devices are optionally walled to form wells containing one or more divots. The substrates and devices may be used for reaggregating cells, for example, to form small islet cell clusters and for high throughput testing methodologies. | 01-31-2013 |
20140219997 | Templated Islet Cells and Small Islet Cell Clusters for Diabetes Treatment - A population of small reaggregated islets or clusters engineered from individual islet cells and having improved characteristics as compared to native isolated islets. | 08-07-2014 |
Kishore Ramachandran, Piscataway, NJ US
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20090092088 | Synchronous Two-Phase Rate and Power Control in WLANs - A method for operation of a node operating in a wireless network comprising the steps of during an initial phase, setting transmission power and data transmission rate to initial settings and transmitting the initial settings to the wireless network in order to initiate communication with said wireless network during a reference phase once communication with the wireless network is established by the initial phase, transmitting at maximum power while performing a rate adaptation and at least one variable estimation and during an operational phase, transmitting at a power level that is optimal for transmission based on information obtained from the reference phase. | 04-09-2009 |
Kishore Ramachandran, North Brunswick, NJ US
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20100054143 | UPLINK CONNECTIVITY FOR MOBILE CLIENTS - Methods and apparatus are provided for uplink connectivity for mobile clients. An apparatus in a mobile client includes an antenna for transmitting and receiving wireless signals, and an uplink connectivity manager for dividing an uplink transmission for each client location into an exploration phase and an operational phase. | 03-04-2010 |
20100172292 | Wireless Network Connectivity in Data Centers - A method for wireless network connectivity in a data center includes communicating between nodes in a data center across a wireless interconnectivity through artificially created paths between nodes in the data center, the nodes being at least one of a server, router, switch, and other such components in the data center that require connectivity; and managing the wireless interconnectivity by a control and management entity. | 07-08-2010 |
20100238851 | OPTIMAL BEAM SCHEDULING FOR MULTICASTING IN WIRELESS NETWORKS - Systems and methods are disclosed to partition a multicast group into a plurality of partitions where each partition has a mutually exclusive subset of users or clients; scheduling beam transmission with switched beamforming antennas; and performing the multicast transmission in accordance with the beam scheduling. | 09-23-2010 |
20100330928 | FAST CONVERGENCE TO OPTIMAL BEAM PATTERNS - Systems and methods for joint training of beam patterns in a system having a transmitter and a receiver. Initial transmit and receive beam pattern vectors are first selected. The beam pattern vectors are perturbed to produce a plurality of perturbed transmit and receive beam pattern vectors. A received signal power between the transmitter and the receiver is estimated for each combination of the perturbed transmit and the perturbed receive beam pattern vectors. The transmit and receive beam pattern vectors having a highest received signal power are applied to the transmitter and the receiver respectively. The perturbation, estimation, and application steps are iterated until the received signal power meets a convergence criterion. | 12-30-2010 |
20110110453 | SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR PRIORITIZING BEAMS TO ENABLE EFFICIENT DETERMINATION OF SUITABLE COMMUNICATION LINKS - Methods and systems for enabling the rectification of deteriorated channel conditions on a communication link are described. In particular, the methods and systems can employ mechanisms that prioritize beams in accordance with signal quality measures, direction of departures of transmission beams and/or direction of arrivals of reception beams to address variable channel conditions. | 05-12-2011 |
20110113137 | BEAM COMBINATION METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR ADAPTING COMMUNICATION LINKS TO VARYING CHANNEL CONDITIONS - Methods and systems for rectifying deteriorated channel conditions on a communication link are described. In response to the detection of a link deterioration event, a cluster of beams about a currently utilized beam pair can be trialed to determine a suitable, alternate pair of beams on which to establish a communication link. In turn, in the case of a link blockage event, a set of beams having a relatively large azimuthal angle with respect to a currently utilized beam pair can be trialed to determine a suitable beam pair for further communication. | 05-12-2011 |
20110304504 | Adaptive Beamforming - A computer implemented method for generating transmit (TX) and receive (RX) antenna weight vectors (AWVs) for beamforming without utilizing explicit channel estimation. | 12-15-2011 |
20120008943 | OPTICAL SWITCHING NETWORK - Systems and methods are disclosed for a method to communicate over an optical network by using hop-by-hop routing over an optical network; and dynamically constructing a network topology. | 01-12-2012 |
20120008944 | OPTICAL SWITCHING NETWORK - Systems and methods are disclosed for a method to communicate over an optical network by using hop-by-hop routing over an optical network; and dynamically constructing a network topology. | 01-12-2012 |
20120008945 | OPTICAL SWITCHING NETWORK - Systems and methods are disclosed to communicate over an optical network by using hop-by-hop routing over an optical network; and dynamically constructing a network topology. | 01-12-2012 |
20130231058 | BEAMFORMING - A method implemented in a wireless communications system is disclosed. The method includes determining a first candidate set of transmit beams for a wireless transmitter having a transmit antenna array and a second candidate set of receive beams for a wireless receiver having a receive antenna array, transmitting, from the wireless transmitter, each transmit beam in the first candidate set, and applying, at the wireless receiver, receive beams in the second candidate set to receive said each transmit beam in the first candidate set. Other methods, systems, and apparatuses also are disclosed. | 09-05-2013 |
20130231059 | BEAMFORMING - A method implemented in a wireless communications system is disclosed. The method includes: transmitting, from a wireless transmitter having a transmit antenna array, a first signal on each of a plurality of different transmit beams in transmitter (TX) sector level sweep (SLS), receiving, at a wireless receiver having a receive antenna array, the first signal, and determining, at the wireless receiver, quality of the first signal. Other methods, systems, and apparatuses also are disclosed. | 09-05-2013 |
Kishore Ramachandran, Atlanta, GA US
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20090313406 | APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR ADAPTATION OF INPUT/OUTPUT INTERFACE IN VIRTUALIZATION ENVIRONMENT - Provided are an apparatus and method for adapting an input/output interface. According to the exemplary method, a host system adapts an input/output interface of the guest system to an input/output unit capability of a host system so as to support a service supported by an input/output unit supporting the input/output unit capability of the guest system using the at least one input/output unit of the host system. | 12-17-2009 |
20130290575 | APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR ADAPTATION OF INPUT/OUTPUT INTERFACE IN VIRTUALIZATION ENVIRONMENT - Provided are an apparatus and method for adapting an input/output interface. According to the exemplary method, a host system adapts an input/output interface of the guest system a to an input/output unit capability of a host system so as to support a service supported by an input/output unit supporting the input/output unit capability of the guest system using the at least one input/output unit of the host system. | 10-31-2013 |
Krishna Ramachandran, Westmont, IL US
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20140129257 | DIAGNOSTIC SELECTION, TRIAGE, MONITORING, AND PATIENT CARE MANAGEMENT OF CRITICAL CARE PATIENTS USING COMPUTER-DRIVEN ASSESSMENT - High-risk patients may be enrolled in an intensive care program to reduce the likelihood of recurring symptoms. A method for identifying and enrolling these high-risk patients in the intensive care program may include receiving a plurality of patient health profiles corresponding to a plurality of patients from an electronic medical record database. Then, a first subset of patients of the plurality of patients may be identified to be at high risk of suffering an episode. Then, a patient from the first subset of patients may be enrolled in an intensive care program designed to reduce the rate of episodes for the patient. The intensive care program may involve coordinated treatments from a continuum of healthcare professions. The healthcare professionals may use data within the electronic medical record to improve treatment of the high-risk patient. | 05-08-2014 |
Kumar Ramachandran, Schaumburg, IL US
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20100086283 | Systems and methods for updating video content with linked tagging information - A system and method associates relevant additional information with a video stream, whether live or pre-recorded. The system creates a spot within the video that is linked to the additional information. When a particular action occurs in relation to the spot, the additional information is presented to the viewer of the video. The action that triggers the action of the spot can be automatically controlled by the system or the action can be a user initiated action. Viewers of the video stream can interact, independently of each other, with the video and be presented with the information associated with the video. | 04-08-2010 |
20110261258 | Systems and methods for updating video content with linked tagging information - A system and method associates relevant additional information with a video stream, whether live or pre-recorded. The system creates a spot within the video that is linked to the additional information. When a particular action occurs in relation to the spot, the additional information is presented to the viewer of the video. The action that triggers the action of the spot can be automatically controlled by the system or the action can be a user initiated action. Viewers of the video stream can interact, independently of each other, with the video and be presented with the information associated with the video. | 10-27-2011 |
20110262103 | Systems and methods for updating video content with linked tagging information - A system and method associates relevant additional information with a video stream, whether live or pre-recorded. The system creates a spot within the video that is linked to the additional information. When a particular action occurs in relation to the spot, the additional information is presented to the viewer of the video. The action that triggers the action of the spot can be automatically controlled by the system or the action can be a user initiated action. Viewers of the video stream can interact, independently of each other, with the video and be presented with the information associated with the video. | 10-27-2011 |
Lintu Ramachandran, Atlanta, GA US
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20140318545 | INFLATION CONTROL VALVES FOR RESUSCITATOR DEVICES AND RESUSCITATOR DEVICES - Resuscitator devices including inflation control devices and the inflation control valves can prevent an excessive number of breaths per minute during manual resuscitation from being delivered to a patient. The inflation control valves are inlet valves for a resuscitator device having a flexible chamber that extends from a first end to a second end, the second end being configured to attach to an airway adjunct. The valve housing may be configured to be disposed about the first end and to receive air for inflating the flexible chamber, the valve housing being partially disposed within the flexible chamber. The inflation control member may be configured to control inflation rate of the flexible chamber, the inflation control member being disposed within the valve housing and movable with respect to the valve housing. | 10-30-2014 |
Muralidhar Ramachandran, Mahopac, NY US
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20120104498 | Semiconductor device having localized extremely thin silicon on insulator channel region - A method of forming a transistor device includes forming a dummy gate stack structure over an SOI starting substrate, comprising a bulk layer, a global BOX layer over the bulk layer, and an SOI layer over the global BOX layer. Self-aligned trenches are formed completely through portions of the SOI layer and the global BOX layer at source and drain regions. Silicon is epitaxially regrown in the source and drain regions, with a local BOX layer re-established in the epitaxially regrown silicon, adjacent to the global BOX layer. A top surface of the local BOX layer is below a top surface of the global BOX layer. Embedded source and drain stressors are formed in the source and drain regions, adjacent a channel region. Silicide contacts are formed on the source and drain regions. The dummy gate stack structure is removed, and a final gate stack structure is formed. | 05-03-2012 |
Nat Ramachandran, Uniontown, OH US
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20080197183 | Automated transcation machine with sheet accumulator and presenter mechanism - An automated transaction machine ( | 08-21-2008 |
20090090769 | Automated banking machine which dispenses, receives and stores notes and other financial instrument sheets - An automated banking machine that operates responsive to data bearing records includes a card reader ( | 04-09-2009 |
Niraj Ramachandran, West Lafayette, IN US
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20140106385 | MEDICAL DEVICE DESIGN, MANUFACTURE AND TESTING SYSTEMS - Described are methods and systems for testing lumens of cannulated delivery components or assemblies thereof that may be used to deliver cells to a patient. Test cells are contacted with walls of the lumens and/or liquids that contact walls of the lumens, potentially over an incubation period. The test cells are then assessed for an effect of the wall contact, or the liquid contact, on at least one and preferably multiple characteristics of the test cells such as innate immune response, metabolic activity, viability, cytotoxic response, and/or motility. Methods and systems as described can be used in the development and/or manufacture of cannulated delivery devices, for example providing specifications for design or process inputs or outputs, design or process validations, and/or device lot approvals. Also described are devices or products produced in accordance with such methods and systems. | 04-17-2014 |
20140308331 | INTERPOLYMER NETWORK DELIVERY SYSTEM - This invention relates to compositions and applications for an interpolymer network delivery system containing iodine. | 10-16-2014 |
Niroshan Ramachandran, Needham, MA US
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20120264651 | EVALUATING PROTEINS - The disclosure features methods that include: providing a substrate that includes (i) a nucleic acid (e.g., DNA or RNA) encoding a hybrid amino acid sequence including a test amino acid sequence and an affinity tag, and (ii) a binding agent that recognizes the affinity tag; contacting the substrate with a translation effector to thereby translate the hybrid amino acid sequence; maintaining the substrate under conditions permissive for the hybrid amino acid sequence to bind the binding agent; and removing the nucleic acid from the substrate. In one embodiment, the substrate includes a plurality of positionally-distinguishable addresses, for example, each includes a different nucleic acid. The addresses can be located a regularly or irregularly spaced locations. | 10-18-2012 |
Padi Veeraraghavan Ramachandran, West Lafayette, IN US
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20130225863 | Procedures for the Synthesis of Ethylenediamine Bisborane and Ammonia Borane - A method for synthesizing ammonia borane includes (a) preparing a reaction mixture in one or more solvents, the reaction mixture containing sodium borohydride, at least one ammonium salt, and ammonia; and (b) incubating the reaction mixture at temperatures between about 0° C. to about room temperature in an ambient air environment under conditions sufficient to form ammonia borane. Methods for synthesizing ethylenediamine bisborane, and methods for dehydrogenation of ethylenediamine bisborane are also described. | 08-29-2013 |
Rahul Ramachandran, Dover, NJ US
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20140243990 | BICRUCIATE RETAINING TIBIAL IMPLANT SYSTEM - A bicruciate retaining tibial implant baseplate includes a tibial baseplate with medial and lateral condylar portions configured to receive bearing inserts. The baseplate includes an anterior bridge connecting the medial and lateral portions. A posterior wall of the anterior bridge may be angled to provide downward force on a correspondingly angled anterior portion of the tibial eminence when the baseplate is implanted. A method of preparing the tibia for implant includes a punch tower and punch guide configured to both cut the anterior tibial eminence and provide protection to the tibial eminence during resection of the proximal tibia. | 08-28-2014 |
Raja Ramachandran, Bloomington, MN US
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20140372400 | Dynamic Landing Pages - At least two key-value pairs are received as part of a uniform resource identifier. A Web page definition is retrieved by a processor based on at least one of the key-value pairs and includes multiple sections of a Web page, wherein at least one section is associated with a key of a second key-value pair of the at least two key-value pairs. The key of the second key-value pair is used to select a set of section objects that each have content that can be placed in the section associated with the key. If a section object is located that has been assigned the value of the second key-value pair, content defined for the located section object is placed in the section. A Web page comprising the content for the section is returned. | 12-18-2014 |
Rajalakshmi Ramachandran, Tampa, FL US
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20130073594 | Methods and Systems for Assessing Data Quality - Methods and systems for assessing data involve, collecting samples of data elements from a database storing a population of data elements representing attributes of each numerous different financial transactions. Critical data elements from the collected samples are determined. Data quality rules are built and data dimensions are calculated for the critical data elements. A quality of data within the critical data elements for different data quality dimensions is monitored. Critical data elements that produce a high number of outliers are identified and causes for the outliers are identified. Thereafter, a corrective action plan to address a solution for the causes for the outliers may be developed and executed. | 03-21-2013 |
Raji Ramachandran, Tampa, FL US
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20140379310 | Methods and Systems for Evaluating Predictive Models - Multidimensional methods and systems for evaluating and comparing predictive models involve, for example, receiving data related to predictions produced by each of a plurality of different predictive models and determining a score for each of a plurality of dimensions for each of the predictive models. A composite score may be calculated for each of the predictive models based at least partly on the dimension scores, and a recommendation may be generated based on comparing the composite scores. | 12-25-2014 |
Ravi Ramachandran, Turnersville, NJ US
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20120123509 | Apparatus For Treatment of Reperfusion Injury - An apparatus to minimize and/or eliminate the effects associated with reperfusion injury consisting of an external pump, heat exchanger and control unit creating a flow loop whereby blood is moved from the body via a pump, cooled by an external heat exchanger and reintroduced into a specific location, thereby locally cooling the surrounding tissue and inducing localized hypothermia to minimize tissue injury resulting from ischemia and the effects associated with reperfusion injury as an obstruction is removed and normal blood flow is restored and including the ability to locally measure pressure and temperature in the body. | 05-17-2012 |
Ravi Ramachandran, Acton, MA US
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20080318803 | Biomarkers for Monitoring Impdh Pathway Inhibition - The present invention is directed to methods for ameliorating reproductive disorders. More specifically, the present invention describes methods and compositions for using IL-17 in the treatment of various infertility-related defects. | 12-25-2008 |
Ravi K. Ramachandran, Acton, MA US
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20100028874 | HEPATITIS C VIRUS INFECTION BIOMARKERS - A signature set of genes associated with hepatitis C virus infection is described. | 02-04-2010 |
Ravikumar Ramachandran, Hopewell Junction, NY US
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20120074503 | Planar Silicide Semiconductor Structure - A planar silicide structure and method of fabrication is disclosed. A FET having a silicided raised source-drain structure is formed where the height of the source-drain structures are the same as the height of the gates, simplifying the process of forming contacts on the FET. One embodiment utilizes a replacement metal gate FET and another embodiment utilizes a gate-first FET | 03-29-2012 |
20120112290 | CONTROLLED CONTACT FORMATION PROCESS - A structure and method for replacement metal gate (RMG) field effect transistors is disclosed. Silicide regions are formed on a raised source-drain (RSD) structure. The silicide regions form a chemical mechanical polish (CMP) stopping layer during a CMP process used to expose the gates prior to replacement. Protective layers are then applied and etched in the formation of metal contacts. | 05-10-2012 |
Ravikumar Ramachandran, Pleasantville, NY US
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20080242021 | METHOD OF FABRICATING A BOTTLE TRENCH AND A BOTTLE TRENCH CAPACITOR - A method of fabricating a bottle trench and a bottle trench capacitor. The method including: providing a substrate; forming a trench in the substrate, the trench having sidewalls and a bottom, the trench having an upper region adjacent to a top surface of the substrate and a lower region adjacent to the bottom of the trench; forming an oxidized layer of the substrate in the bottom region of the trench; and removing the oxidized layer of the substrate from the bottom region of the trench, a cross-sectional area of the lower region of the trench greater than a cross-sectional area of the upper region of the trench. | 10-02-2008 |
20090072400 | CONTACT FORMING IN TWO PORTIONS AND CONTACT SO FORMED - Methods of forming a contact in two or more portions and a contact so formed are disclosed. One method includes providing a device including a silicide region; and forming a contact to the silicide region by: first forming a lower contact portion to the silicide region through a first dielectric layer, and second forming an upper contact portion to the lower contact portion through a second dielectric layer over the first dielectric layer. A contact may include a first contact portion contacting a silicide region, the first contact portion having a width less than 100 nm; and a second contact portion coupled to the first contact portion from above, the second contact portion having a width greater than the width of the first contact portion. | 03-19-2009 |
20100187610 | SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE HAVING DUAL METAL GATES AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURE - A semiconductor device includes: a semiconductor substrate; a PFET formed on the substrate, the PFET includes a SiGe layer disposed on the substrate, a high-K dielectric layer disposed on the SiGe layer, a first metallic layer disposed on the high-k dielectric layer, a first intermediate layer disposed on the first metallic layer, a second metallic layer disposed on the first intermediate layer, a second intermediate layer disposed on the second metallic layer, and a third metallic layer disposed on the second intermediate layer; an NFET formed on the substrate, the NFET includes the high-k dielectric layer, the high-k dielectric layer being disposed on the substrate, the second intermediate layer, the second intermediate layer being disposed on the high-k dielectric layer, and the third metallic layer, the third metallic layer being disposed on the second intermediate layer. Alternatively, the first metallic layer is omitted. A method to fabricate the device includes providing SiO | 07-29-2010 |
20100258881 | DUAL METAL AND DUAL DIELECTRIC INTEGRATION FOR METAL HIGH-K FETS - The present invention, in one embodiment, provides a method of forming a semiconductor device that includes providing a substrate including a first conductivity type region and a second conductivity type region; forming a gate stack including a gate dielectric atop the first conductivity type region and the second conductivity type region of the substrate and a first metal gate conductor overlying the high-k gate dielectric; removing a portion of the first metal gate conductor that is present in the first conductivity type region to expose the gate dielectric present in the first conductivity type region; applying a nitrogen based plasma to the substrate, wherein the nitrogen based plasma nitrides the gate dielectric that is present in the first conductivity type region and nitrides the first metal gate conductor that is present in the second conductivity type region; and forming a second metal gate conductor overlying at least the gate dielectric that is present in the first conductivity type region. | 10-14-2010 |
20110180880 | DUAL METAL AND DUAL DIELECTRIC INTEGRATION FOR METAL HIGH-K FETS - The present invention, in one embodiment, provides a method of forming a semiconductor device that includes providing a substrate including a first conductivity type region and a second conductivity type region; forming a gate stack including a gate dielectric atop the first conductivity type region and the second conductivity type region of the substrate and a first metal gate conductor overlying the high-k gate dielectric; removing a portion of the first metal gate conductor that is present in the first conductivity type region to expose the gate dielectric present in the first conductivity type region; applying a nitrogen based plasma to the substrate, wherein the nitrogen based plasma nitrides the gate dielectric that is present in the first conductivity type region and nitrides the first metal gate conductor that is present in the second conductivity type region; and forming a second metal gate conductor overlying at least the gate dielectric that is present in the first conductivity type region. | 07-28-2011 |
20120068261 | Replacement Metal Gate Structures for Effective Work Function Control - A stack of a barrier metal layer and a first-type work function metal layer is deposited in replacement metal gate schemes. The barrier metal layer can be deposited directly on the gate dielectric layer. The first-type work function metal layer is patterned to be present only in regions of a first type field effect transistor. A second-type work function metal layer is deposited directly on the barrier metal layer in the regions of a second type field effect transistor. Alternately, the first-type work function layer can be deposited directly on the gate dielectric layer. The barrier metal layer is patterned to be present only in regions of a first type field effect transistor. A second-type work function metal layer is deposited directly on the gate dielectric layer in the regions of the second type field effect transistor. A conductive material fill and planarization form dual work function replacement gate structures. | 03-22-2012 |
20120132998 | Replacement Metal Gate Structures Providing Independent Control On Work Function and Gate Leakage Current - The thickness and composition of a gate dielectric can be selected for different types of field effect transistors through a planar high dielectric constant material portion, which can be provided only for selected types of field effect transistors. Further, the work function of field effect transistors can be tuned independent of selection of the material stack for the gate dielectric. A stack of a barrier metal layer and a first-type work function metal layer is deposited on a gate dielectric layer within recessed gate cavities after removal of disposable gate material portions. After patterning the first-type work function metal layer, a second-type work function metal layer is deposited directly on the barrier metal layer in the regions of the second type field effect transistor. A conductive material fills the gate cavities, and a subsequent planarization process forms dual work function metal gate structures. | 05-31-2012 |
20120139061 | Self-Aligned Contact For Replacement Gate Devices - A conductive top surface of a replacement gate stack is recessed relative to a top surface of a planarization dielectric layer by at least one etch. A dielectric capping layer is deposited over the planarization dielectric layer and the top surface of the replacement gate stack so that the top surface of a portion of the dielectric capping layer over the replacement gate stack is vertically recessed relative to another portion of the dielectric layer above the planarization dielectric layer. The vertical offset of the dielectric capping layer can be employed in conjunction with selective via etch processes to form a self-aligned contact structure. | 06-07-2012 |
20120175711 | Self-Aligned Contacts for High k/Metal Gate Process Flow - A semiconductor structure is provided that includes a semiconductor substrate having a plurality of gate stacks located on a surface of the semiconductor substrate. Each gate stack includes, from bottom to top, a high k gate dielectric layer, a work function metal layer and a conductive metal. A spacer is located on sidewalls of each gate stack and a self-aligned dielectric liner is present on an upper surface of each spacer. A bottom surface of each self-aligned dielectric liner is present on an upper surface of a semiconductor metal alloy. A contact metal is located between neighboring gate stacks and is separated from each gate stack by the self-aligned dielectric liner. The structure also includes another contact metal having a portion that is located on and in direct contact with an upper surface of the contact metal and another portion that is located on and in direct contact with the conductive metal of one of the gate stacks. Methods of forming the semiconductor structure using a replacement gate and a non-replacement gate scheme are also disclosed. | 07-12-2012 |
20130015580 | REPLACEMENT METAL GATE STRUCTURE AND METHODS OF MANUFACTUREAANM JAIN; SAMEER HAACI BeaconAAST NYAACO USAAGP JAIN; SAMEER H Beacon NY USAANM Johnson; Jeffrey B.AACI Essex JunctionAAST VTAACO USAAGP Johnson; Jeffrey B. Essex Junction VT USAANM Li; YingAACI NewburghAAST NYAACO USAAGP Li; Ying Newburgh NY USAANM Nayfeh; Hasan M.AACI PoughkeepsieAAST NYAACO USAAGP Nayfeh; Hasan M. Poughkeepsie NY USAANM Ramachandran; RavikumarAACI PleasantvilleAAST NYAACO USAAGP Ramachandran; Ravikumar Pleasantville NY US - A replacement metal gate structure and methods of manufacturing the same is provided. The method includes forming at least one trench structure and forming a liner of high-k dielectric material in the at least one trench structure. The method further includes adjusting a height of the liner of high-k dielectric material. The method further includes forming at least one workfunction metal over the liner, and forming a metal gate structure in the at least one trench structure, over the at least one workfunction metal and the liner of high-k dielectric material. | 01-17-2013 |
20130175587 | SELF-ALIGNED CONTACT FOR REPLACEMENT GATE DEVICES - A conductive top surface of a replacement gate stack is recessed relative to a top surface of a planarization dielectric layer by at least one etch. A dielectric capping layer is deposited over the planarization dielectric layer and the top surface of the replacement gate stack so that the top surface of a portion of the dielectric capping layer over the replacement gate stack is vertically recessed relative to another portion of the dielectric layer above the planarization dielectric layer. The vertical offset of the dielectric capping layer can be employed in conjunction with selective via etch processes to form a self-aligned contact structure. | 07-11-2013 |
20130175635 | REPLACEMENT METAL GATE STRUCTURES FOR EFFECTIVE WORK FUNCTION CONTROL - A stack of a barrier metal layer and a first-type work function metal layer is deposited in replacement metal gate schemes. The barrier metal layer can be deposited directly on the gate dielectric layer. The first-type work function metal layer is patterned to be present only in regions of a first type field effect transistor. A second-type work function metal layer is deposited directly on the barrier metal layer in the regions of a second type field effect transistor. Alternately, the first-type work function layer can be deposited directly on the gate dielectric layer. The barrier metal layer is patterned to be present only in regions of a first type field effect transistor. A second-type work function metal layer is deposited directly on the gate dielectric layer in the regions of the second type field effect transistor. A conductive material fill and planarization form dual work function replacement gate structures. | 07-11-2013 |
20130189834 | SELF-ALIGNED CONTACTS FOR HIGH k/METAL GATE PROCESS FLOW - A semiconductor structure is provided that includes a semiconductor substrate having a plurality of gate stacks located thereon. Each gate stack includes a high k gate dielectric layer, a work function metal layer and a conductive metal. A spacer is located on sidewalls of each gate stack and a self-aligned dielectric liner is present on an upper surface of each spacer. A bottom surface of each self-aligned dielectric liner is present on an upper surface of a semiconductor metal alloy. A contact metal is located between neighboring gate stacks and is separated from each gate stack by the self-aligned dielectric liner. The structure also includes another contact metal having a portion that is located on and in direct contact with an upper surface of the contact metal and another portion that is located on and in direct contact with the conductive metal of one of the gate stacks. | 07-25-2013 |
20130193522 | REPLACEMENT METAL GATE STRUCTURES PROVIDING INDEPENDENT CONTROL ON WORK FUNCTION AND GATE LEAKAGE CURRENT - The thickness and composition of a gate dielectric can be selected for different types of field effect transistors through a planar high dielectric constant material portion, which can be provided only for selected types of field effect transistors. Further, the work function of field effect transistors can be tuned independent of selection of the material stack for the gate dielectric. A stack of a barrier metal layer and a first-type work function metal layer is deposited on a gate dielectric layer within recessed gate cavities after removal of disposable gate material portions. After patterning the first-type work function metal layer, a second-type work function metal layer is deposited directly on the barrier metal layer in the regions of the second type field effect transistor. A conductive material fills the gate cavities, and a subsequent planarization process forms dual work function metal gate structures. | 08-01-2013 |
20130256802 | Replacement Gate With Reduced Gate Leakage Current - Replacement gate work function material stacks are provided, which provides a work function about the energy level of the conduction band of silicon. After removal of a disposable gate stack, a gate dielectric layer is formed in a gate cavity. A metallic compound layer including a metal and a non-metal element is deposited directly on the gate dielectric layer. At least one barrier layer and a conductive material layer is deposited and planarized to fill the gate cavity. The metallic compound layer includes a material, which provides, in combination with other layer, a work function about 4.4 eV or less, and can include a material selected from tantalum carbide, metallic nitrides, and a hafnium-silicon alloy. Thus, the metallic compound layer can provide a work function that enhances the performance of an n-type field effect transistor employing a silicon channel. Optionally, carbon doping can be introduced in the channel. | 10-03-2013 |
20130260549 | REPLACEMENT GATE WITH REDUCED GATE LEAKAGE CURRENT - Replacement gate work function material stacks are provided, which provides a work function about the energy level of the conduction band of silicon. After removal of a disposable gate stack, a gate dielectric layer is formed in a gate cavity. A metallic compound layer including a metal and a non-metal element is deposited directly on the gate dielectric layer. At least one barrier layer and a conductive material layer is deposited and planarized to fill the gate cavity. The metallic compound layer includes a material, which provides, in combination with other layer, a work function about 4.4 eV or less, and can include a material selected from tantalum carbide, metallic nitrides, and a hafnium-silicon alloy. Thus, the metallic compound layer can provide a work function that enhances the performance of an n-type field effect transistor employing a silicon channel. Optionally, carbon doping can be introduced in the channel. | 10-03-2013 |
20130328135 | PREVENTING FULLY SILICIDED FORMATION IN HIGH-K METAL GATE PROCESSING - A gate stack structure for a transistor device includes a gate dielectric layer formed over a substrate; a first silicon gate layer formed over the gate dielectric layer; a dopant-rich monolayer formed over the first silicon gate layer; and a second silicon gate layer formed over the dopant-rich monolayer, wherein the dopant-rich monolayer prevents silicidation of the first silicon gate layer during silicidation of the second silicon gate layer. | 12-12-2013 |
20130330899 | PREVENTING FULLY SILICIDED FORMATION IN HIGH-K METAL GATE PROCESSING - A method of forming gate stack structure for a transistor device includes forming a gate dielectric layer over a substrate; forming a first silicon gate layer over the gate dielectric layer; forming a dopant-rich monolayer over the first silicon gate layer; and forming a second silicon gate layer over the dopant-rich monolayer, wherein the dopant-rich monolayer prevents silicidation of the first silicon gate layer during silicidation of the second silicon gate layer. | 12-12-2013 |
20140151772 | UNIFORM FINFET GATE HEIGHT - A method including providing fins etched from a semiconductor substrate and covered by an oxide layer and a nitride layer, the oxide layer being located between the fins and the nitride layer, removing a portion of the fins to form an opening, forming a dielectric spacer on a sidewall of the opening, and filling the opening with a fill material, wherein a top surface of the fill material is substantially flush with a top surface of the nitride layer. The method may further include forming a deep trench capacitor in-line with one of the fins, removing the nitride layer to form a gap between the fins and the fill material, wherein the fill material has re-entrant geometry extending over the gap, and removing the re-entrant geometry and causing the gap between the fins and the fill material to widen. | 06-05-2014 |
20140151801 | UNIFORM FINFET GATE HEIGHT - A method including providing a plurality of fins etched from a semiconductor substrate and covered by an oxide layer and a nitride layer, the oxide layer being located between the plurality of fins and the nitride layer, removing a portion of the plurality of fins to form an opening, and forming a dielectric spacer on a sidewall of the opening. The method may also include filling the opening with a fill material, wherein a top surface of the fill material is substantially flush with a top surface of the nitride layer, removing the nitride layer to form a gap between the plurality of fins and the fill material, wherein the fill material has re-entrant geometry extending over the gap, and removing the re-entrant geometry and causing the gap between the plurality of fins and the fill material to widen. | 06-05-2014 |
20140191297 | STRAINED FINFET WITH AN ELECTRICALLY ISOLATED CHANNEL - A fin structure includes an optional doped well, a disposable single crystalline semiconductor material portion, and a top semiconductor portion formed on a substrate. A disposable gate structure straddling the fin structure is formed, and end portions of the fin structure are removed to form end cavities. Doped semiconductor material portions are formed on sides of a stack of the disposable single crystalline semiconductor material portion and a channel region including the top semiconductor portion. The disposable single crystalline semiconductor material portion may be replaced with a dielectric material portion after removal of the disposable gate structure or after formation of the stack. The gate cavity is filled with a gate dielectric and a gate electrode. The channel region is stressed by the doped semiconductor material portions, and is electrically isolated from the substrate by the dielectric material portion. | 07-10-2014 |
20140203361 | EXTREMELY THIN SEMICONDUCTOR-ON-INSULATOR FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTOR WITH AN EPITAXIAL SOURCE AND DRAIN HAVING A LOW EXTERNAL RESISTANCE - An aspect of this invention is a method for fabricating an extremely thin semiconductor-on-insulator (ETSOI) field-effect transistor (FET) having an epitaxial source and drain. The method includes providing an ETSOI substrate; forming at least one isolation structure on the ETSOI substrate; forming a gate on the ETSOI substrate; forming a spacer-on the ETSOI substrate; and using an epitaxial growth process to provide a raised source/drain structure having a non-uniform concentration of carbon along a vertical axis. | 07-24-2014 |
20140203363 | Extremely Thin Semiconductor-On-Insulator Field-Effect Transistor With An Epitaxial Source And Drain Having A Low External Resistance - An aspect of this invention is a method for fabricating an extremely thin semiconductor-on-insulator (ETSOI) field-effect transistor (FET) having an epitaxial source and drain. The method includes providing an ETSOI substrate; forming at least one isolation structure on the ETSOI substrate; forming a gate on the ETSOI substrate; forming a spacer on the ETSOI substrate; and using an epitaxial growth process to provide a raised source/drain structure having a non-uniform concentration of carbon along a vertical axis. | 07-24-2014 |
20140203371 | FINFET DEVICE FORMATION - A method includes patterning a fin on a semiconductor substrate, depositing a local trench isolation (LTI) layer on the semiconductor substrate, patterning a gate stack over a channel region of the fin and over a portion of the LTI layer, depositing a first capping layer over exposed portions of the LTI layer, performing an etching process to remove oxide material from exposed portions of the fin, and epitaxially growing a semiconductor material from exposed portions of the fin to define active regions. | 07-24-2014 |
20140252413 | SILICON-GERMANIUM FINS AND SILICON FINS ON A BULK SUBSTRATE - A first silicon-germanium alloy layer is formed on a semiconductor substrate including silicon. A stack of a first silicon layer and a second silicon-germanium alloy layer is formed over a first region of the first silicon-germanium alloy layer, and a second silicon layer thicker than the first silicon layer is formed over a second region of the first silicon-germanium alloy layer. At least one first semiconductor fin is formed in the first region, and at least one second semiconductor fin is formed in the second region. Remaining portions of the first silicon layer are removed to provide at least one silicon-germanium alloy fin in the first region, while at least one silicon fin is provided in the second region. Fin field effect transistors can be formed on the at least one silicon-germanium alloy fin and the at least one silicon fin. | 09-11-2014 |
20140252479 | SEMICONDUCTOR FIN ISOLATION BY A WELL TRAPPING FIN PORTION - A bulk semiconductor substrate including a first semiconductor material is provided. A well trapping layer including a second semiconductor material and a dopant is formed on a top surface of the bulk semiconductor substrate. The combination of the second semiconductor material and the dopant within the well trapping layer is selected such that diffusion of the dopant is limited within the well trapping layer. A device semiconductor material layer including a third semiconductor material can be epitaxially grown on the top surface of the well trapping layer. The device semiconductor material layer, the well trapping layer, and an upper portion of the bulk semiconductor substrate are patterned to form at least one semiconductor fin. Semiconductor devices formed in each semiconductor fin can be electrically isolated from the bulk semiconductor substrate by the remaining portions of the well trapping layer. | 09-11-2014 |
20140284721 | FINFET DEVICE FORMATION - A method includes patterning a fin on a semiconductor substrate, depositing a local trench isolation (LTI) layer on the semiconductor substrate, patterning a gate stack over a channel region of the fin and over a portion of the LTI layer, depositing a first capping layer over exposed portions of the LTI layer, performing an etching process to remove oxide material from exposed portions of the fin, and epitaxially growing a semiconductor material from exposed portions of the fin to define active regions. | 09-25-2014 |
20140319611 | UNIFORM FINFET GATE HEIGHT - A structure including a first plurality of fins and a second plurality of fins etched from a semiconductor substrate, and a fill material located above the semiconductor substrate and between the first plurality of fins and the second plurality of fins, the fill material does not contact either the first plurality of fins or the second plurality of fins. | 10-30-2014 |
20140377924 | STRAINED FINFET WITH AN ELECTRICALLY ISOLATED CHANNEL - A fin structure includes an optional doped well, a disposable single crystalline semiconductor material portion, and a top semiconductor portion formed on a substrate. A disposable gate structure straddling the fin structure is formed, and end portions of the fin structure are removed to form end cavities. Doped semiconductor material portions are formed on sides of a stack of the disposable single crystalline semiconductor material portion and a channel region including the top semiconductor portion. The disposable single crystalline semiconductor material portion may be replaced with a dielectric material portion after removal of the disposable gate structure or after formation of the stack. The gate cavity is filled with a gate dielectric and a gate electrode. The channel region is stressed by the doped semiconductor material portions, and is electrically isolated from the substrate by the dielectric material portion. | 12-25-2014 |
20150021625 | SEMICONDUCTOR FIN ISOLATION BY A WELL TRAPPING FIN PORTION - A bulk semiconductor substrate including a first semiconductor material is provided. A well trapping layer including a second semiconductor material and a dopant is formed on a top surface of the bulk semiconductor substrate. The combination of the second semiconductor material and the dopant within the well trapping layer is selected such that diffusion of the dopant is limited within the well trapping layer. A device semiconductor material layer including a third semiconductor material can be epitaxially grown on the top surface of the well trapping layer. The device semiconductor material layer, the well trapping layer, and an upper portion of the bulk semiconductor substrate are patterned to form at least one semiconductor fin. Semiconductor devices formed in each semiconductor fin can be electrically isolated from the bulk semiconductor substrate by the remaining portions of the well trapping layer. | 01-22-2015 |
20150035073 | ENABLING ENHANCED RELIABILITY AND MOBILITY FOR REPLACEMENT GATE PLANAR AND FINFET STRUCTURES - A method for semiconductor fabrication includes forming at least one of a diffusion barrier layer and a metal containing layer over a dielectric layer in a gate cavity. A first anneal is performed to diffuse elements from the at least one of the diffusion barrier layer and the metal containing layer into the dielectric layer. The metal containing layer and the diffusion barrier layer are removed. A second anneal is performed to adjust diffusion of the elements in the dielectric layer to provide a gate dielectric region. | 02-05-2015 |
Renjith Ramachandran, Cincinnati, OH US
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20130238497 | Methods and Systems for Performing a Financial Transaction Using a Mobile Communication Device - Methods and systems for performing a pre-staged financial transaction using a computing device involve, for example, receiving, using a self-service transaction terminal processor, pre-staged transaction data in a session at the self-service financial transaction terminal, which pre-staged transaction data was entered on a mobile computing device at a time preceding a time of the session. Thereafter, using the self-service transaction terminal processor, a transaction is executed, based at least in part on the pre-staged transaction data. | 09-12-2013 |
Revathy Ramachandran, Sammamish, WA US
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20090087512 | Encapsulated fractions isolated or derived from hops - The invention provides an encapsulation composition comprising a fraction isolated or derived from hops encapsulated in a matrix selected from at least one of the group consisting of a phytosterol and a cyclodextrin. | 04-02-2009 |
Sai Ganesh Ramachandran US
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20130067231 | Load Balanced and Prioritized Data Connections - In embodiments of load balanced and prioritized data connections, a first connection is established to communicate first data from a first server to a second server over a public network, where the first data is communicated from a private network to a first device or subnet that is connected to the second server. A second connection is established to communicate second data from the first server to the second server over the public network, where the second data is communicated from the private network to a second device or subnet that is connected to the second server. The second server can distinguish the first data from the second data according to an authentication certificate field that identifies one of a first communication interface of the first connection or a second communication interface of the second connection. | 03-14-2013 |
Santosh Ramachandran, Salt Lake City, UT US
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20110038459 | X-RAY TUBE BEARING SHAFT AND HUB - In one example, an assembly comprises a hub and a shaft. The hub defines an axis of rotation and includes first and second flanges that at least partly define a substantially cylindrical hub opening. The shaft is connected to the hub and includes a first end and a shaft cavity. The first end is received within the hub opening. The shaft cavity is formed in the first end and includes a bottom having a substantially curved transition area. | 02-17-2011 |
Sethurama Ramachandran, Erie, CO US
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20090061855 | DYNAMIC GGSN RELOCATION IN A GPRS NETWORK - A communication system is described herein which has at least two compact “network-in-a-box” systems which are configured such that when a mobile station roams from a first radio coverage area supported by a first compact system into a second radio coverage area supported by a second compact system then packets originating from an IP host will be routed to the mobile station via a GGSN and a SGSN in the second compact system instead of through a GGSN in the first compact system and then through the SGSN in the second compact system as had been done in the past. | 03-05-2009 |
Sethuraman Ramachandran, Erie, CO US
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20090047935 | DISTRIBUTED FAULT-TOLERANT VOICE MESSAGE SYSTEM FOR INDEPENDENT MOBILE TELEPHONY NETWORKS - A communications network and method for providing a voice message to a user of a mobile station (MS) in a network having a plurality of independent mobile systems, each independent mobile system including a Mobile Switching Center (MSC), Short Message Service Center (SMS-C) and Voice Message System (VMS), wherein each VMS is identified by a unique identifier code. A received voice message is stored in a VMS, and an SMS notification message is sent to the MS. Because each VMS is identified by a unique identifier code, the MS can retrieve a voice message by dialing the code contained in an SMS notification message, regardless of which independent mobile system is serving the MS at the time the voice message retrieval is requested. | 02-19-2009 |
20090262662 | AUTO-CONFIGURATION AND DISCOVERY OF PORTABLE TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM - A portable telecommunications system (PTS), and discovery and update protocol provides an ad-hoc system in which PTS systems can detect one another over a wide area network (WAN). The system may be compact in a way that allows mobility and rapid deployment with minimal on-site configuration. PTS systems exchange multicast packets and peer-to-peer data exchanges. A protocol manager sets up these communications channels, manages exchanges between PTS systems, and passes the data to or from internal system nodes. The protocol manager also performs key oversight functions such as signaling to other systems that a PTS is joining or leaving the community, keeping track of which other PTS systems are in the community and active, and determining when data needs to be updated and exchanged. | 10-22-2009 |
20090264162 | AUTO-CONTROL OF RADIATION POWER IN A PORTABLE TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM - A portable telecommunications system (PTS) allows mobility and rapid deployment with minimal on-site configuration. PTS systems exchange multicast packets including location and identification information. A protocol manager sets up these communications channels, manages exchanges between PTS systems, and passes the data to or from internal system nodes. The PTS system detects when another PTS system is operating in close physical proximity and automatically perform actions, such as adjustment of transmission power level, to maintain service to the user base. | 10-22-2009 |
Shyam Ramachandran, Iowa City, IA US
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20150045410 | METHOD OF REGULATING CFTR EXPRESSION AND PROCESSING - The present invention relates to therapeutic agents comprising miR-138, a miR-138 mimic, a SIN3A RNAi molecule, or a an anti-SIN3A RNAi molecule, and/or an anti-SIN3A antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) or other agent that suppresses SIN3A expression, a small molecule drug that interferes with SIN3A activity or whose actions mimic the biological effects of SIN3A suppression and methods of use of these therapeutic agents to treat cystic fibrosis. | 02-12-2015 |
Sindhu Ramachandran, Lake Zurich, IL US
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20100158893 | SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR OBTAINING IMMUNOGLOBULIN FROM BLOOD - The present disclosure relates generally to systems for obtaining a pharmaceutically acceptable immunoglobulin from blood of a donor comprising a first conduit configured to convey blood from the donor to a substrate, wherein said blood includes at least one first component and at least one second component, said first component of the blood including immunoglobulin, and wherein said substrate is adapted to bind immunoglobulin; and a second conduit configured to convey at least a portion of the second component of the blood from the first conduit to the donor. | 06-24-2010 |
20110021432 | MANUFACTURE OF FACTOR H (FH) AND FH-DERIVATIVES FROM PLASMA - The present invention provides compositions and pharmaceutical formulations of Factor H derived from plasma. Also provided are methods for the manufacture of the Factor H compositions and formulations, as well as methods for the treatment of diseases associated with Factor H dysfunction. | 01-27-2011 |
20120230872 | SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR OBTAINING IMMUNOGLOBULIN FROM BLOOD - The present disclosure relates generally to systems for obtaining a pharmaceutically acceptable immunoglobulin from blood of a donor comprising a first conduit configured to convey blood from the donor to a substrate, wherein said blood includes at least one first component and at least one second component, said first component of the blood including immunoglobulin, and wherein said substrate is adapted to bind immunoglobulin; and a second conduit configured to convey at least a portion of the second component of the blood from the first conduit to the donor. | 09-13-2012 |
20130011387 | SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR OBTAINING IMMUNOGLOBULIN FROM BLOOD - The present disclosure relates generally to systems for obtaining a pharmaceutically acceptable immunoglobulin from blood of a donor comprising a first conduit configured to convey blood from the donor to a substrate, wherein said blood includes at least one first component and at least one second component, said first component of the blood including immunoglobulin, and wherein said substrate is adapted to bind immunoglobulin; and a second conduit configured to convey at least a portion of the second component of the blood from the first conduit to the donor. | 01-10-2013 |
20130052188 | SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR OBTAINING IMMUNOGLOBULIN FROM BLOOD - The present disclosure relates generally to systems for obtaining a pharmaceutically acceptable immunoglobulin from blood of a donor comprising a first conduit configured to convey blood from the donor to a substrate, wherein said blood includes at least one first component and at least one second component, said first component of the blood including immunoglobulin, and wherein said substrate is adapted to bind immunoglobulin; and a second conduit configured to convey at least a portion of the second component of the blood from the first conduit to the donor. | 02-28-2013 |
20130102537 | MANUFACTURE OF FACTOR H (FH) AND FH-DERIVATIVES FROM PLASMA - The present invention provides compositions and pharmaceutical formulations of Factor H derived from plasma. Also provided are methods for the manufacture of the Factor H compositions and formulations, as well as methods for the treatment of diseases associated with Factor H dysfunction. | 04-25-2013 |
20130303731 | MANUFACTURE OF FACTOR H (FH) AND FH-DERIVATIVES FROM PLASMA - The present invention provides compositions and pharmaceutical formulations of Factor H derived from plasma. Also provided are methods for the manufacture of the Factor H compositions and formulations, as well as methods for the treatment of diseases associated with Factor H dysfunction. | 11-14-2013 |
20140275496 | ISOLATION OF FACTOR H FROM FRACTION I PASTE - Among other aspects, the present disclosure provides methods for preparing enriched compositions of plasma-derived Factor H from fractions formed during the manufacturing processes of established plasma-derived therapeutic compositions. Specifically, methods are provided for the isolation of Factor H from Fraction precipitates commonly discarded during the manufacture of commercial IgG therapeutics. Advantageously, the Factor H compositions prepared according to these methods have improved proteolytic profiles and reduced amidolytic activity. | 09-18-2014 |
20150045538 | MANUFACTURE OF INTER-ALPHA-INHIBITOR (IaIp) FROM PLASMA - The present invention provides compositions and pharmaceutical formulations of IaIp derived from plasma. Also provided are methods for the manufacture of the IaIp compositions and formulations, as well as method for the treatment of diseases associated with IaIp dysfunction. | 02-12-2015 |
Sivakumar Ramachandran, Salt Lake City, UT US
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20090169625 | Electrostatically Controlled Hydrogels - The compositions and methods disclosed herein pertain to the manufacture and use of hydrogels. The disclosed compositions and methods pertain to hydrogels capable of induction by a variety of methodologies, such as by pH, salt and/or mixing. Such hydrogels are capable of self- or co-assembly and while doing so, may entrap a variety of bioactive agents in their native form, such as proteins, DNA, RNA and the like. The hydrogels of the present invention also demonstrate rapid sheer-responsiveness. The hydrogels of the present invention are biodegradable, biocompatible and useful as a biomaterial or drug-delivery device. | 07-02-2009 |
Slddharth Ramachandran, Hoboken, NJ US
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20100054661 | Production of optical pulses at a desired wavelength utilizing higher-order-mode (HOM) fiber - An apparatus and method for producing optical pulses of a desired wavelength utilizes a section of higher-order-mode (HOM) fiber to receive input optical pulses at a first wavelength, and thereafter produce output optical pulses at the desired wavelength through soliton self-frequency shifting (SSFS) or Cherenkov radiation. The HOM fiber is configured to exhibit a large positive dispersion and effective area at wavelengths less than 1300 nm. | 03-04-2010 |
Sridhar Ramachandran, Watertown, MA US
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20100174386 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ROUTING DATA IN AN AUTOMATIC IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM - A system for routing data in an automatic identification system includes an event management system (EMS), a real-time in-memory data structure (RIED) coupled to the EMS, the RIED for storing event information gathered by the EMS and a task management system (TMS) for ensuring that the RIED is updated by one transaction at a time. With this particular arrangement, a system for managing a large number of real-time events is provided. In one embodiment, the control system can be provided in a distributed hierarchical arrangement. The EMS of each control system can include filters which limit the amount of information provided to the next level in the hierarchy. In this manner the hierarchical control system network acts as a high volume data collector and processor. In some embodiments a level of the hierarchy can be removed spatially and/or temporally from an adjacent level in the hierarchy. This approach results in an intelligent network and also lends itself to scalability. By including optional filters and queues in the EMS, the EMS can be configured as desired. | 07-08-2010 |
20110022567 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ROUTING DATA IN AN AUTOMATIC IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM - A system for routing data in an automatic identification system includes an event management system (EMS), a real-time in-memory data structure (RIED) coupled to the EMS, the RIED for storing event information gathered by the EMS and a task management system (TMS) for ensuring that the RIED is updated by one transaction at a time. With this particular arrangement, a system for managing a large number of real-time events is provided. In one embodiment, the control system can be provided in a distributed hierarchical arrangement. The EMS of each control system can include filters which limit the amount of information provided to the next level in the hierarchy. In this manner the hierarchical control system network acts as a high volume data collector and processor. In some embodiments a level of the hierarchy can be removed spatially and/or temporally from an adjacent level in the hierarchy. This approach results in an intelligent network and also lends itself to scalability. By including optional filters and queues in the EMS, the EMS can be configured as desired. | 01-27-2011 |
Sridhar Ramachandran, Rockville, MD US
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20100309906 | METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR MULTISTAGE ROUTING OF PACKETS USING CALL TEMPLATES - A method for multistage routing of packets using call templates is disclosed. An ingress call is filtered based on a plurality of ingress-call parameter values. A parameter value for the ingress call is modified based on a plurality of ingress-call-peer parameter values. A filtered ingress-call parameter value and at least one filtered ingress-call-peer parameter value from a plurality of ingress-call-peer parameter values are converted to an egress-call parameter value and an egress-call-peer parameter value, respectively. An egress call is filtered based on a plurality of egress-call parameter values. A parameter value for the egress call is modified based on a plurality of egress-call-peer parameter values. | 12-09-2010 |
20120189001 | VOICE OVER IP (VOIP) NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE COMPONENTS AND METHOD - A voice over Internet protocol communication system and method provides infrastructure components as intermediaries between networks, the components include multi-protocol session controllers and a multi-protocol signaling switch as well as a management system. The session controllers process calls and participate in the calls that flow through it. The session controllers process calls that are either at the edge of the network or at the core of the voice over Internet protocol network. The session controllers associate calls with one another in call peers for incoming calls as ingress call peers and for outgoing calls as egress call peers. A centralized database of call routing policies is provided to the session controllers. The session controllers provide cost management, topology hiding, and inter-working, or conversion, of calls from SIP networks to H.323 networks for both voice and video. | 07-26-2012 |
20140321453 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR ROUTING MEDIA CALLS OVER REAL TIME PACKET SWITCHED CONNECTION - A method for routing media calls over a real time packet switch connection includes providing a session controller for connecting to a network. The method further includes providing a signaling switch for connecting to the session controller. The method further includes controlling call routing in the network with the session controller where the call routing control includes identifiers for elements in at least two layers of a seven layer model. The call routing control includes a preference for a codec for the call. The call routing is carried out taking into consideration a mean opinion score qualifier from previous calls having a same source and destination. | 10-30-2014 |
Subramania Ramachandran, State College, PA US
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20110210057 | MULTICAPILLARY COLUMN FOR CHROMATOGRAPHY AND SAMPLE PREPARATION - A multicapillary column especially useful for liquid chromatography and sample preparation comprising a plurality of uniform capillaries coated with an insoluble stationary phase, wherein the thickness of the stationary phase is correlated with the radius of the individual capillaries for high efficiency. | 09-01-2011 |
Suganthi Ramachandran, Fairfax, VA US
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20110065906 | COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR RECOVERY OF NUCLEIC ACIDS OR PROTEINS FROM TISSUE SAMPLES FIXED IN CYTOLOGY MEDIA - The present invention provides compositions and methods for improving nucleic acid or protein recovery from fixed biological samples. | 03-17-2011 |
20130011830 | FAST RESULTS HYBRID CAPTURE ASSAY AND SYSTEM - The present invention comprises a method that provides fast and reliable results for detecting the presence of a target nucleic acid molecule in a sample. | 01-10-2013 |
20140113278 | SAMPLE PROCESSING APPARATUS AND METHODS - An automated process for converting samples includes: receiving tube strips having a number of sample tubes and samples therein, transferring multiple tube strips to a tube strip holder, dispensing sample conversion buffer into each tube, shaking the tube strip holder a first time, centrifuging the tube strip holder, removing a liquid supernatant from each tube, simultaneously inspecting the contents of each tube, dispensing a specimen transport medium and a denaturation reagent into each tube, shaking the tube strip holder a second time, heating the tube strip holder for a first length of time, shaking the tube strip holder a third time, heating the tube strip holder for a second length of time, shaking the tube strip holder a fourth time, and transferring at least a portion of each sample to a respective well on an output plate. | 04-24-2014 |
20140199686 | COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR RECOVERY OF NUCLEIC ACIDS OR PROTEINS FROM TISSUE SAMPLES FIXED IN CYTOLOGY MEDIA - The present invention provides compositions and methods for improving nucleic acid or protein recovery from fixed biological samples. | 07-17-2014 |
Suganthi Ramachandran, Gaithersburg, MD US
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20100105060 | FAST RESULTS HYBRID CAPTURE ASSAY ON AN AUTOMATED PLATFORM - The present invention comprises a method that provides fast and reliable results for detecting the presence of a target nucleic acid molecule in a sample. | 04-29-2010 |
20100159463 | FAST RESULTS HYBRID CAPTURE ASSAY AND SYSTEM - The present invention comprises a method that provides fast and reliable results for detecting the presence of a target nucleic acid molecule in a sample. | 06-24-2010 |
Vasan S. Ramachandran, Berlin, MA US
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20110311650 | MULTIPLEXED BIOMARKERS OF INSULIN RESISTANCE - The invention, in some aspects, relates to methods for characterizing glucose-related metabolic disorders. In some aspects, the invention relates to methods and kits useful for diagnosing, classifying, profiling, and treating glucose-related metabolic disorders. In some aspects, the invention relates to methods useful for diagnosing, classifying, profiling, and treating diabetes. | 12-22-2011 |
Venkat Ramachandran, Hopkins, MN US
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20100142738 | REMOTE CONTROL OF HEARING ASSISTANCE DEVICES - The present disclosure relates to methods and apparatus of communicating instructions to a hearing assistance device, such as a hearing aid. In various embodiments instructions are formed using tones sent to the hearing assistance device. The instructions can be used to control the operation of the hearing assistance device. The signals may include dual tone multifunction signals or other nonstandard signals. Various detection processes are provided which include but are not limited to using a modified complex Goertzel algorithm to detect tones. The remote device can be a standard device or can be modified to provide the proper signals. The following techniques can be applied to hearing assistance devices including, but not limited to completely-in-the-canal devices, in-the-canal devices, behind-the-ear devices, receiver-in-canal devices, and implanted devices, such as cochlear implants. | 06-10-2010 |
20120288127 | REMOTE CONTROL OF HEARING ASSISTANCE DEVICES - The present disclosure relates to methods and apparatus of communicating instructions to a hearing assistance device, such as a hearing aid. In various embodiments instructions are formed using tones sent to the hearing assistance device. The instructions can be used to control the operation of the hearing assistance device. The signals may include dual tone multifunction signals or other nonstandard signals. Various detection processes are provided which include but are not limited to using a modified complex Goertzel algorithm to detect tones. The remote device can be a standard device or can be modified to provide the proper signals. The following techniques can be applied to hearing assistance devices including, but not limited to completely-in-the-canal devices, in-the-canal devices, behind-the-ear devices, receiver-in-canal devices, and implanted devices, such as cochlear implants. | 11-15-2012 |
Venkataratnam Ramachandran, Dalton, GA US
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20120141723 | POLYMER FIBER CONTAINING FLAME RETARDANT, PROCESS FOR PRODUCING THE SAME, AND MATERIAL CONTAINING SUCH FIBERS - The present invention provides a polymer fiber containing a flame retardant. In particular, the invention provides a fiber containing poly(trimethylene terephthalate) and a flame retardant that melts at a temperature of equal to or below 280° C. The present invention also provides a process for producing such a fiber, and a material incorporating such fibers. | 06-07-2012 |
Vidhya Ramachandran, Ossining, NY US
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20080197495 | STRUCTURE FOR REDUCING LATERAL FRINGE CAPACITANCE IN SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES - A semiconductor structure includes a plurality of conductive lines formed within an interlevel dielectric (ILD) layer and a non-planar cap layer formed over the ILD layer and the conductive lines, wherein the cap layer is raised with respect to the conductive lines at locations between the conductive lines. | 08-21-2008 |
20090039522 | BIPOLAR AND CMOS INTEGRATION WITH REDUCED CONTACT HEIGHT - Disclosed is a method and structure for an integrated circuit structure that includes a plurality of complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) transistors and a plurality of vertical bipolar transistors positioned on a single substrate. The vertical bipolar transistors are taller devices than the CMOS transistors. In this structure, a passivating layer is positioned above the substrate, and between the vertical bipolar transistors and the CMOS transistors. A wiring layer is above the passivating layer. The vertical bipolar transistors are in direct contact with the wiring layer and the CMOS transistors are connected to the wiring layer by contacts extending through the passivating layer. | 02-12-2009 |
20090111235 | Semiconductor Integrated Circuit Devices Having High-Q Wafer Back-Side Capacitors - Methods are provided for fabricating semiconductor IC (integrated circuit) chips having high-Q on-chip capacitors formed on the chip back-side and connected to integrated circuits on the chip front-side using through-wafer interconnects. In one aspect, a semiconductor device includes a semiconductor substrate having a front side, a back side, and a buried insulating layer interposed between the front and back sides of the substrate. An integrated circuit is formed on the front side of the semiconductor substrate, an integrated capacitor is formed on the back side of the semiconductor substrate, and an interconnection structure is formed through the buried insulating layer to connect the integrated capacitor to the integrated circuit. | 04-30-2009 |
20120168210 | Methods and Structures Involving Terminal Connections - A method for forming a conductive contact includes forming a copper contact region in an intermediary layer, depositing an insulator layer over the copper contact region and the intermediary layer, patterning a photoresist layer on the insulator layer, etching to remove a portion of the insulator layer and expose a portion of the copper contact region, depositing a conductive material layer over the exposed portion of the copper contact region and the photoresist layer, and removing the photoresist layer and the conductive material layer disposed on the photoresist layer. | 07-05-2012 |
Vivek V. Ramachandran, Redmond, WA US
Patent application number | Description | Published |
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20090316603 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MANAGING SYSTEM INFORMATION MODIFICATION IN A WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM - Systems and methodologies are described that facilitate improved management of a system information modification in a wireless communication environment. Various techniques can be utilized as described herein to provide respective users with information indicative of changes to specific blocks or elements within a set of system information, thereby simplifying and accelerating acquisition of new system information after a modification. In a first example, a bitmap is generated and transmitted upon a system information modification that indicates which blocks(s) and/or element(s) of the system information changed in the modification, thereby allowing an associated user to abstain from reading or processing unchanged system information. In a second example, respective block(s) and/or element(s) of the system information can include an internal value tag that indicates to a receiving entity whether the corresponding block(s) or element(s) have changed, thereby allowing a user to discard unchanged block(s) or element(s) without performing further processing. | 12-24-2009 |
20110110327 | SYSTEM INFORMATION ACQUISITION IN CONNECTED MODE - A method of wireless communication includes acquiring at least one non-required system information from a cell while in a radio resource control connected state. The non-required system information is system information that is not required in the radio resource control connected state. The method includes transitioning from the radio resource control connected state to a radio resource control idle state on the cell without acquiring the at least one non-required system information. | 05-12-2011 |
20130145267 | VIDEO STREAMING IN A WEB BROWSER - A video element of a browser can be moved, resized, etc. independently of the remainder of a browser page. In one embodiment, as the video element is moved, the remainder of the browser page is reformatted so as to change the page's layout. The renderer of the content can have a different video provider sourcing the video element than the remainder of the browser page. As a result, two different content streams can be provided to the renderer in parallel. In another embodiment, the video element can be docked, such as through a flick operation or a drag-and-drop operation. Once docked, the browser page can be scrolled while the docked video element remains at a fixed location relative to an edge of the browser page. | 06-06-2013 |