| Entries |
| Document | Title | Date |
|---|
| 20080223324 | Two-Step Rocker Arm Assembly - A two-step rocker arm assembly is provided having an arm member and a first roller assembly rotatably mounted with respect to the arm member and defining a generally C-shaped opening. A shaft member rotatably supports a second and a third roller assembly. The shaft member extends through the generally C-shaped opening and is selectively translatable therein to guide the second and third roller assemblies with respect to the arm member. A coupling lever is mounted with respect to the shaft member and is operable to selectively retain the shaft member with respect to the arm member for unitary movement therewith. | 09-18-2008 |
| 20080236531 | Valve actuating mechanism for an internal combustion engine, and engine incorporating same - A valve actuating mechanism for an engine having a rocker arm movement restraining device which controls opening and closing an engine valve. The rocker arm movement restraining device includes a timing arm which engages left and right rocker arms for constraining the axial movement thereof, and a timing cam disposed on an intake-side camshaft. The rocker arm movement restraining device releases the engagement of the timing arm with the left and right rocker arms by activating the timing arm when the intake-side camshaft is rotated, and when the timing arm releases the engagement with the left and right rocker arms, the left and right rocker arms move to a predetermined operating position. | 10-02-2008 |
| 20080245330 | Switching Finger Follower Assembly - A finger follower assembly ( | 10-09-2008 |
| 20080264368 | Switchable Rocker Arm of a Valve Drive Pertaining to an Internal Combustion Engine - A switchable finger lever ( | 10-30-2008 |
| 20080264369 | Valve-actuating system for an internal combustion engine, engine incorporating same, and method of using same - A valve-actuating system for an engine, in which left and right rocker arms are moved in axial directions of a rocker arm shaft to one of a first operating position in which the rocker arms are allowed to abut on first cams, and a second operating position in which the rocker arms are allowed to abut on second cams. The rocker arm shaft is slidably supported by an engine frame so as to be movable in the axial directions thereof. During an engine operation, when the left and right rocker arms are about to be selectively moved to one of the operating positions, the rocker arm shaft is moved in advance to the same side of the selected one of the operating positions, and thereafter the left and right rocker arms are moved to the selected one of the operating position. | 10-30-2008 |
| 20080271691 | Engine Valve Operating System - A rocker arm ( | 11-06-2008 |
| 20080271692 | Rocker arm for valve actuation - The present invention provides an improved rocker arm system for actuating poppet valves in high performance internal combustion engines. The rocker arm provides journals extending from each side fitted to outboard bearing mounts to guide the motion of the rocker arm. | 11-06-2008 |
| 20080302322 | TUBULAR ROCKER SHAFT WITH MULTIPLE INTERNAL COMPARTMENTS - A rocker shaft having at least two transversely formed interior compartments is provided each of which is devised for, and capable of, containing fluid at differing pressures. A multiplicity of generally radially directed holes present along the length of the rocker shaft communicate hydraulic fluid to the compartments via passageways present in the rocker arms, or valve deactivating rocker arm sections mounted thereon. Plugs installed within the rocker shaft at locations on either side of the holes provide compartmented regions within the shaft, each region of which has the capacity to contain hydraulic fluid at different pressures. The rocker shaft is capped at each end. Hydraulic fluid may be provided to the rocker shaft interior in a number of ways, such as through additional holes aligned with passageways provided in the cylinder head or through clearance openings between rocker shaft fasteners and rocker shaft mounting holes. | 12-11-2008 |
| 20080314347 | ROCKER ARM ASSEMBLY - A two step rocker assembly is provided having a lever body, a first roller assembly mounted to the lever body, and a center shaft extending through the first roller assembly. A second shaft extends through the lever body and defines a first pivot point. A coupling lever is pivotally connected to the second shaft and has an opening for receiving the center shaft. The coupling lever is rotatable about the first pivot point. A latch pin is mounted to the lever body. A second roller assembly is mounted on the center shaft. A spring lever is pivotally connected to the second shaft and is connected to the center shaft. The spring lever is rotatable about the first pivot point. A spring member is mounted on the lever body and engages the spring lever to bias the spring lever and the center shaft into the first position. | 12-25-2008 |
| 20090000583 | SEGMENTED ROLLING ELEMENT BEARING - A rocker arm assembly including a rocker arm, a bearing support member, and a bearing assembly. The bearing assembly is supported on the support member and engages the rocker arm. The bearing assembly includes a race defining a raceway having a stop member coupled thereto, and a plurality of rolling elements positioned on the raceway such that the movement of the rolling elements on the raceway is limited by the stop member. | 01-01-2009 |
| 20090000584 | Switchable finger lever of a valve train of an internal combustion engine - The invention proposes a switchable finger lever ( | 01-01-2009 |
| 20090007869 | Rocker arm - A rocker arm includes a roller rotatably mounted between two sidewalls thereof. The roller is pressed by a cam. The rocker arm also includes two washers that reduce a wobbling motion of the roller with respect to the cam. The washers guiding mechanism the rocking movement of the rocker arm in the up-and-down direction, thereby reducing wobbling motion of the rocker arm when an engine runs. | 01-08-2009 |
| 20090020087 | Valve Mechanism for Internal Combustion Engine - The invention relates to a valve mechanism for an internal combustion engine, and it is an object of the invention to make it possible to carry out changeover of the driving mode rapidly and with certainty. To this end, the valve mechanism for an internal combustion engine includes a first rocker arm ( | 01-22-2009 |
| 20090031975 | INNER LEVER FOR A SWITCHABLE FINGER LEVER OF A VALVE TRAIN OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE - An inner lever ( | 02-05-2009 |
| 20090044774 | CONTINUOUSLY VARIABLE VALVE LIFT FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE - An internal combustion engine includes a camshaft, a valve, a cam follower and a rocker arm. The cam follower is coupled between the camshaft and the valve. The rocker arm is coupled between the cam follower and the valve. At least one of the cam follower and the rocker arm is configured so as to move through an adjustable distance prior to transmitting motion for moving the valve. | 02-19-2009 |
| 20090064953 | Rocker Arm - A rocker arm formed of material in a shape of sheet has a pair of side wall portions, a connection portion for a valve stem receiving portion and a connection portion for a pivot receiving portion which interconnect the side wall portions, and an open portion for arranging a roller which is formed between the two connection portions. A distance between outer side surfaces of the pair of side wall portions in the connection portion for the valve stem receiving portion is reduced in a direction from upper edges to lower edges in a step-like shape having two or more step differences, whereby a first outer side surface and a second outer side surface are formed. | 03-12-2009 |
| 20090078224 | CAM FOLLOWER ROCKER ARM - A cam follower rocker arm is provided comprising a body with a U-shape cross section with an intermediate opening at the top of the inverted U-shape and having an outside width less then the inside width of the opening, creating a ledge perpendicular to the body side walls. A roller having a peripheral step on both sides to allow the smaller width at the roller periphery to extend into the body opening with the larger width of the roller maintaining a close running clearance of the roller sides to the inside walls of the body when the roller is assembled in the body. | 03-26-2009 |
| 20090078225 | Switchable rocker arm - A latching mechanism for variably activating an engine valve in an internal combustion engine includes a rocker arm body having a bore and a socket. A first passage leads from the socket to a first hydraulic chamber formed above a lock pin head. A second passage leads from the socket to a second hydraulic chamber formed below the lock pin head. Since both the first and the second hydraulic chamber receive pressurized oil, it is the diameter of the pin shank that determines the hydraulic force needed to axially move the locking pin to an extended position and into a locking engagement with a slider member. In an alternate embodiment of the invention the first passage connecting the first hydraulic chamber with the socket is eliminated and instead the locking pin is modified to permit flow between second hydraulic chamber and first hydraulic chamber. | 03-26-2009 |
| 20090126665 | Engine Rocker Arm - A rocker arm includes a first end including a substantially horizontal wall having a receptacle formed therein. A second end of the rocker arm is spaced from the first end and includes a substantially horizontal wall for engaging a valve stem. A pair of spaced substantially parallel vertical sidewalls extend between the first end and the second end. In one embodiment, the sidewalls define a width between the first end and the second end that is less than each of the widths of the first and second ends. In another embodiment, a transverse wall extending between the sidewalls is formed in the second end. In yet another embodiment, rocker arm alignment walls are formed in the second end independently of the sidewalls. | 05-21-2009 |
| 20090126666 | ENGINE VALVE OPERATING SYSTEM - An engine valve operating system is provided in which a roller in rolling contact with a valve operating cam of a camshaft is axially supported via a roller shaft on a roller support portion provided on a first rocker arm, a second rocker arm having a cylindrical boss portion pivotably supported on a support shaft and an arm portion extending from the boss portion and having a sliding surface that is in sliding contact with the roller shaft is operatively connected to an engine valve, and the position of either one of first and second rocker arm swing axes is changed within a plane perpendicular to the axis of the camshaft, wherein at least the roller support portion ( | 05-21-2009 |
| 20090145388 | Valve gear and rocker ARM unit - A valve gear comprises a cylinder head, a supporting member fixed to the cylinder head, a rocker arm which is mounted on the supporting member so as to be placed on the latter, a substantially plate-shaped clip mountable to the rocker arm, the clip having a fitting hole in which an outer periphery of the supporting member is fitted so that the clip is prevented from falling off, a pair of walls which is formed on the rocker arm so as to be opposed to each other with the supporting member being located therebetween, and a pair of locking portions formed in inner faces of the walls so that outer edges of the clip are elastically engaged with the locking portions thereby to be locked, respectively. | 06-11-2009 |
| 20090173300 | CAM FOLLOWER DEVICE - A cam follower device includes a pair of plate-shaped rocker arms | 07-09-2009 |
| 20090173301 | SURFACE TREATED ROCKER ARM SHAFT - A shaft for a rocker arm assembly is disclosed. The shaft includes a substantially cylindrical outer surface at least a portion of which defines a bearing surface thereon and an interior core portion located radially inward of the bearing surface. The bearing surface has a hardness greater than that of the core portion, for providing wear resistance and deterring crack initiation and propagation. | 07-09-2009 |
| 20090178637 | SLIDING-PIVOT LOCKING MECHANISM FOR AN OVERHEAD CAM WITH MULTIPLE ROCKER ARMS - A locking mechanism for a plural rocker arm valve train assembly is provided. The locking mechanism is adapted for use with a camshaft having a plurality of different cam lobes having a plurality of different profiles, which result in variable valve displacement and duration. A plurality of rocker arms are located on a pivot shaft which runs parallel to the camshaft, each rocker arm having structures configured to be acted upon by respective lobes of the camshaft. An active rocker arm has structure configured to act upon an engine valve or valves. A movable locking element is fully enclosed by the rocker arms and is capable of selectively moving along the pivot shaft to allow the active rocker arm to selectively engage one or more of the other rocker arms for common pivoting, resulting in varied displacement of the engine valve or valves. | 07-16-2009 |
| 20090194050 | ROCKER ARM - The rocker arm | 08-06-2009 |
| 20090205600 | Rocker Arm Arrangement With a Bearing Shell Provided with Grooves - Rocker arm arrangement of an internal combustion engine has a bearing journal with a central axis and an outside circumferential surface running in the central bore of a rocker arm lined with a bearing shell. The bearing journal has a first transverse oil channel leading to at least one outlet at the running surface underneath the central axis. The bearing shell has an outer shell surface and an inner shell surface. The inner shell surface has a circumferentially extending internal groove, both ends of which terminate underneath the central axis, this groove extending to the outlet of the first oil channel when the rocker arm is in its base position. The outer shell surface has at least one circumferentially extending external groove, which extends as far as an inlet of a second oil channel passing through the rocker arm. At least one through-opening connects the internal groove and the external groove. | 08-20-2009 |
| 20090241880 | ROCKER SHAFT SUPPORT STRUCTURE IN FOUR-CYCLE ENGINE - In a four-cycle engine, the stiffness of a rocker shaft support portion is increased while avoiding an increase in the size of a cylinder head. The rocker shaft support portion that supports a rocker shaft is integrally formed on the cylinder head so as to be disposed between an engine valve and a camshaft as viewed from an axial direction of the camshaft and the rocker shaft. First reinforcement ribs are integrally disposed in a protruding condition on a plane orthogonal to an axis of a rocker shaft on a side face of rocker shaft support portions opposite a side of a camshaft. | 10-01-2009 |
| 20090241881 | Valve Operating System - A pivot cam mechanism included in a valve operating system is configured such that a coupling pin is supported at a pivot member in a position closer to a camshaft than a control shaft, and the pivot member and the driven member are integrally pivotable according to the rotation of the drive cam while changing relative attitudes of the driven member and the pivot member. Positions and shapes of the drive cam, the driven member, and the pivot member are designed so that a valve maximum acceleration point at which an acceleration of a valve body is at a maximum is located in a front part of a valve acceleration period in which the acceleration of the valve body has a positive value while the drive cam is rotating once. | 10-01-2009 |
| 20090250030 | Engine with desmodromically actuated rocker - An engine comprising a valve, cam lobe, rocker, follower member and an optional spring is disclosed herein. The valve may comprise a valve stem. The cam lobe may have a base circle and a nose. The cam lobe may be attached to a rotating shaft. The rocker may have a valve end portion contacting the valve, a lifter end portion defining a pivot axis of the rocker and a cam surface disposed between the valve end portion and the lifter end portion. The nose of the cam lobe may contact the cam surface for opening the valve. The follower member may be disposed adjacent the cam lobe opposite the rocker. The follower member may be attached to the rocker and have a curved inner surface upon which the nose of the cam lobe contacts for lifting the rocker. The spring may be disposed about the valve stem of the valve for closing the valve stem of the valve. | 10-08-2009 |
| 20090266324 | Rocker Arm, Rocker Shaft, Valve Cap, Adjust Screw, Pivot Receiving Member, and Valve of Arm Type Valve Operating Device - Provided are a rocker arm, a rocker shaft, a valve cap, an adjust screw, a pivot receiving member, and a valve of an arm type valve operating device that can suppress wear and pitching, and attain a long service life. A multiplicity of minute recesses are provided at random in contact portions with other members of those members. A surface provided with recesses has a surface roughness parameter Ryni that is in a range: 0.4 μm≦Ryni≦1.0 μm, and an Sk value of −1.6 or less. Accordingly, contact surfaces exhibit a high oil-film-forming capacity, so a long service life is attained even under a condition of low viscosity, thin lubrication and extremely thin oil film. | 10-29-2009 |
| 20100018485 | CAM FOLLOWER FOR A VALVE DRIVE OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE - A cam follower for a valve drive of an internal combustion engine. The cam follower has a housing and a cam roller. The cam roller is arranged between the side walls of the housing and is mounted on a journal which bridges the side walls. The cam roller, which has an outer ring, a rolling body set and an inner ring, is a combined plain and rolling bearing. The outer ring and the inner ring are in sliding contact with one another, and the rolling body set is arranged between the inner ring and the journal. | 01-28-2010 |
| 20100037844 | CYLINDER HEAD AND ROCKER ARM ASSEMBLY FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE - A cylinder head for an internal combustion engine includes at least one rocker arm assembly for an internal combustion engine is disclosed comprising a rocker arm cradle, a rocker shaft, and a rocker arm. The cradle adds design flexibility since it can be mounted in different orientations based on functional requirements of the engine, yet good rocker arm operation is maintained. Also, the engine includes a cylinder head that contains an air cooling passage and an improved oil distribution system. | 02-18-2010 |
| 20100043737 | Rocker Arm Assembly - An engine assembly may include an engine structure, a rocker arm assembly supported by the engine structure, a camshaft rotatably supported on the engine structure and engaged with the rocker arm assembly, and a valve member engaged with the rocker arm assembly. The rocker arm assembly may include a lever body having a first end engaged with the valve member and a second end defining a pivot point and having an opening therethrough, an arm assembly including a first end rotatably coupled to the first end of the lever body and a second end including a latch, and a locking mechanism located within the opening in the lever body and including a latch pin having a recess therein and a guide holder including a finger extending into the recess preventing rotation of the latch pin relative to the guide holder. | 02-25-2010 |
| 20100043738 | ROCKER VALVE MECHANISM AND ROCKER VALVE - A rocker valve mechanism ( | 02-25-2010 |
| 20100170462 | OFFSET ROCKER ARM ASSEMBLY FOR THRUST LOAD APPLICATIONS - The bearing for a rocker arm assembly has rolling elements positioned between an outer sleeve and an inner sleeve for supporting the radial load between the support pin and the rocker arm and an inner and outer bearing wall that abut one another and supports the axial load in the assembly. | 07-08-2010 |
| 20100170463 | POWDER METAL ROCKER ARM - A powder metal rocker arm is provided. The rocker arm may be connected to a cylinder head of an engine to assist in transferring motion between engine components. The rocker arm includes a pivot aperture formed therein to facilitate pivoting of the rocker arm with respect to the cylinder head. The rocker arm is formed of a metal alloy powder. The metal alloy powder is compacted to form an intermediate member. Secondary features, such as apertures and other weight reducing features may be formed in the intermediate member. The intermediate member is then sintered to form the rocker arm. | 07-08-2010 |
| 20100263612 | Device And Method For Controlling Valves - An apparatus for controlling valve displacement of an internal combustion engine comprises a rocker arm having a first arm portion and a second arm portion, said rocker arm being pivotable about a pivot interposed between said first and second arm portions. The apparatus further comprises an actuation arrangement adapted to actuate said first arm portion of said rocker arm and a valve arrangement adapted to be actuated by said second arm portion of said rocker arm. A damper arrangement is pivotably connected to said first arm portion and adapted for damping movement of said rocker arm around said pivot. | 10-21-2010 |
| 20100269773 | VALVETRAIN FOR OVERHEAD VALVE ENGINE - An engine assembly may include an engine structure, a camshaft rotationally supported within the engine structure and including a lobe, a first rocker arm, a valve lift mechanism, a valve, and a second rocker arm. The first rocker arm may include a first end rotationally coupled relative to the engine structure and a second end defining a cam engagement surface engaged with the lobe and a convex lift surface opposite the cam engagement surface. The valve lift mechanism may have a first end engaged with the lift surface of the first rocker arm. The second rocker arm may be supported relative to the engine structure and engaged with a second end of the valve lift mechanism and the valve to selectively open the valve based on displacement of the lift mechanism by the first rocker arm. | 10-28-2010 |
| 20100300389 | Switchable finger lever - The invention proposes a switchable finger lever ( | 12-02-2010 |
| 20100307437 | ROCKER ARM FOR A VALVE TRAIN OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE - A rocker arm ( | 12-09-2010 |
| 20110005483 | Switchable finger lever - The invention proposes a switchable finger lever ( | 01-13-2011 |
| 20110023806 | SWITCHABLE FINGER LEVER - A switchable finger lever ( | 02-03-2011 |
| 20110067660 | ENGINE ROCKER ARM - A rocker arm may include a valve engagement region, a lift mechanism engagement region, a pivot region, and a body portion. The valve engagement region may be located at a first longitudinal end of the rocker arm and on a first side of the rocker arm. The lift mechanism engagement region may be located at a second longitudinal end of the rocker arm. The pivot region may be located between the valve engagement region and the lift mechanism engagement region and may define a rotational axis for the rocker arm. The body portion may extend longitudinally between and couple the valve engagement region, the pivot region and the lift mechanism engagement region to one another. The body portion may define first and second ribs on a second side of the rocker arm that extend longitudinally between the valve engagement region and the lift mechanism engagement region. | 03-24-2011 |
| 20110197841 | SECURING DEVICE FOR INSTALLING A ROCKER ARM - An internal combustion engine is provided that includes, but is not limited to a securing device for installing a rocker arm on a cylinder head of the internal combustion engine, the securing element situated on the cylinder head and securing element securing the rocker arm during the installation of the rocker arm against slipping of the rocker arm off of a play adjuster and/or a valve shaft of a gas compensation valve. | 08-18-2011 |
| 20110209679 | ROCKER ARM STRUCTURE - The disclosed structure achieves a desired balance between higher-rigidity and weight saving in a connection-type rocker arm which integrally rocks a plural of arm portions. The rocker arm has a plurality of arm portions integrally formed on a swinging base end side of the rocker arm which are forked and extend towards a swinging end of the rocker arm, a connecting portion which integrally connects each swinging end of the arm portions, and a concave thinning portion which overlaps a swinging trajectory of the connecting portion, when viewed in the axis direction of the pivot shaft of the rocker arm. | 09-01-2011 |
| 20110214635 | ENGINE INCLUDING VALVE LIFT MECHANISM WITH STRESS REDUCTION FEATURES - An engine assembly may include an engine structure supporting a camshaft and a valve lift mechanism. The camshaft may include a cam lobe and may define a longitudinally extending rotational axis. The valve lift mechanism may define a longitudinally extending cam engagement surface and a first side wall. The cam engagement surface may be engaged with the cam lobe at a first location. The first side wall may be fixed to the cam engagement surface and may include first and second portions. The first portion may extend from the cam engagement surface. The second portion may extend continuously inward from an end of the first portion. The inward extent of the second portion may be greater than or equal to a first height at the first location defined from the cam engagement surface to the end of the first portion. | 09-08-2011 |
| 20110220050 | SWITCHABLE FINGER LEVER - A switchable finger lever for a valve train of an internal combustion engine is provided, with the finger lever having an inner lever which cooperates at a valve-side end region with a gas exchange valve of the internal combustion engine and is connected at a support-side end region turned away from the valve-side end region pivotally to a support. Outer levers ( | 09-15-2011 |
| 20110220051 | Push Rod Retainer, Rocker Arm and Method for Retaining Together a Push Rod and a Rocker Arm - Disclosed is a push rod retainer for retaining an extremity of a push rod and a first end of a rocker arm in proximity of each other, comprising a base section accommodating at least a part of a junction space wherein the extremity of the push rod and a connection member of the rocker arm are joinable; and at least two resilient projections extending from the base section and at least partly in a direction towards each other, said resilient projections bounding a first entrance to the junction space. Also disclosed is a rocker arm having a connection member that is provided with a circumferential constriction configured for engagement by the resilient projections of the disclosed push rod retainer, and a method of retaining together a push rod and a rocker arm. | 09-15-2011 |
| 20110226206 | ENGINE HAVING VARIABLE LIFT VALVETRAIN - A rocker arm may include a first arm defining a first longitudinal bore and a second arm defining a second longitudinal bore. The rocker arm may house a locking assembly including a first lock pin located within the first longitudinal bore, an actuation pin extending through a radial passage in the rocker arm and engaged with the first lock pin, and a first biasing member engaged with the first lock pin and urging the first lock pin toward the actuation pin and biasing the actuation pin radially inward. An actuation assembly may be engaged with the actuation pin and linearly displaceable between first and second actuation positions. The first and second arms may be rotatable relative to one another when the actuation member is in the first actuation position and may be fixed for rotation with one another when the actuation member is in the second actuation position. | 09-22-2011 |
| 20110226207 | ENGINE HAVING VARIABLE LIFT VALVETRAIN - A rocker arm may include a first arm defining a first longitudinal bore and a second arm defining a second longitudinal bore. The rocker arm may house a locking assembly including a first actuation pin extending through a first radial passage in the rocker arm, a second actuation pin extending through a second radial passage in the rocker arm, and a first lock pin located in the first longitudinal bore between the first and second actuation pins. An actuation assembly may be engaged with the first and second actuation pins and may be linearly displaceable between first and second actuation positions. The first and second arms may be rotatable relative to one another when the actuation assembly is in the first actuation position and may be fixed for rotation with one another when the actuation assembly is in the second actuation position. | 09-22-2011 |
| 20110253088 | STRUCTURAL UNIT FOR A GAS EXCHANGE VALVE TRAIN OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE - A structural unit for a gas exchange valve train of an internal combustion engine is provided. The structural unit includes a support element ( | 10-20-2011 |
| 20110265749 | BEARING BLOCK FOR A CAMSHAFT - A bearing block comprises a camshaft in an internal combustion engine and a valve drive. The valve drive may include at least one rocker arm mounted on a rocker arm shaft, wherein the bearing block is formed concurrently with the mounting of the at least one rocker arm. | 11-03-2011 |
| 20110265750 | Switchable lever for a valve drive of an internal combustion engine - A switchable lever for a valve drive of an internal combustion engine which has two side walls with ends connected by a crossbar. There is a gas-exchange valve system in the crossbar at one end and a bearing for the pivotable support of the crossbar at the other end. An axle is held nondisplaceably in the side walls, between the ends, with two cam rollers running on the axle. The cam rollers are displaceable axially on the axle toward each other into a first position such that the cam rollers run up to each other on a longitudinal center plane of the lever and away from each other into a second position. One of the positions serves for a high-lift cam contact and the other position serves for a low-lift or zero-lift cam contact. | 11-03-2011 |
| 20110265751 | SWITCHABLE LEVER FOR A VALVE DRIVE OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE - A switchable lever for a valve drive of an internal combustion engine, which has an elongated housing with two side walls. A crossbar for a gas-exchange valve system and another end of the housing has a hearing for pivotable support of the crossbar. An axle is held nondisplaceably in the side walls. An axially fixed low-lift cam roller is seated centrally on the axle and is flanked on both sides by a high-lift cam roller. The high-lift cam rollers are displaceable: (a) into a first position, away from each other, to toward the side walls such that contact of one high-lift cam per high-lift cam roller is possible, and (b) into a second position, toward each other, such that they are located outside an engagement region of the high-lift cams, and as a result of which contact of a low-lift or zero-lift cam with the low-lift cam roller is possible. | 11-03-2011 |
| 20120017861 | CYLINDER HEAD ROCKER ARM STAND REPAIR AND PROCESS - A process for remanufacturing a cylinder head that includes a worn or damaged rocker arm stand adapted to receive a rocker shaft to which at least one rocker arm is mounted, the steps including machining a channel in a surface of the worn or damaged rocker arm stand, securing an insert into the channel, and machining the insert to form a remanufactured inner facing surface. The remanufactured cylinder head includes at least one rocker arm stand that has a machined channel with a remanufactured insert secured therein, the rocker shaft being disposed adjacent the inner facing surface, not the rocker arm stand. | 01-26-2012 |
| 20120017862 | CYLINDER HEAD ROCKER ARM STAND REPAIR INSERT - An insert for use in a remanufactured cylinder head rocker arm stand, the insert comprising an inner facing surface having a radius within a range of 35 to 45 mm and a length within a range of 70 to 103 mm, and an outer facing surface adapted for disposal against a channel in the rocker arm stand, the rocker arm shaft being disposed adjacent the inner facing surface in use, but not adjacent the rocker arm stand. | 01-26-2012 |
| 20120060781 | ROCKER ARM ASSEMBLY WITH AN ANTI-INVERSION FEATURE - The rocker arm assembly has an anti-inversion part that prevents a support pin from inverting, ensuring proper orientation of the support pin, on which a rocker arm is rotatably mounted, is maintained. The anti-inversion part can be a washer, a plate, a plug, or a sleeve. The washer, which has a flat face and a curved face, is intended for use with a cylindrical support pin which matches the curved face of the washer. The plate can include various combinations of tabs, flanges, and/or protrusions that extend in different directions. The plug can resemble any desirable shape, and is removed prior to final assembly. The sleeve can be hollow and is removable. | 03-15-2012 |
| 20120152196 | ROCKER SHAFT SHIM - The present disclosure relates to shims | 06-21-2012 |
| 20120199087 | ROCKER ARM STRUCTURE - A rocker arm arranged between a camshaft and a valve which opens/closes an intake port or an exhaust port. A rolling bearing for supporting a support hole formed in a rocker arm is of a type of bearing wherein a plurality of needles are mounted on an inner side of an outer peripheral shell, and the outer peripheral shell is fixed to the support hole, the cam follower includes an outer ring which is supported on a periphery of a cam follower shaft which is held by a pair of left and right arm portions of the rocker arm by way of a plurality of rollers, a position of the outer ring and a position of the rollers in the lateral direction are restricted by the arm portion, and an outer diameter of the outer ring is set equal to or less than an inner diameter of the support hole. | 08-09-2012 |
| 20120210964 | VARIABLE VALVE ACTUATION SYSTEM AND METHOD USING VARIABLE OSCILLATING CAM - A high-efficiency mechanism for variable valve actuation with increased engine architecture applicability is described. The high efficiency mechanism introduces an intermediate lever having a secondary cam profile forming a variable oscillating cam between a rotating camshaft and a rocker arm. | 08-23-2012 |
| 20120266835 | PIVOT FOOT FOR DEACTIVATING ROCKER ARM - A dual body rocker arm comprising an outer arm, an inner arm, a substantially cylindrical pivot axle, a pivot foot and a first and second pivot foot retaining ring. The inner arm is disposed between side arms of the outer arm. The pivot axle is mounted to both the inner and outer arm. The pivot foot has a cylindrical axle interfacing surface and a valve tip interface. Retaining rings mount the pivot foot to the axle, allowing partial rotation of the pivot foot about the axle. Interfering protrusions on the retaining rings limit the range of motion of the pivot foot. A pivot foot having at least one interfering block is configured to restrict motion of the pivot foot by interfering with at least one interfering tab. | 10-25-2012 |
| 20120266836 | ROCKER ARM ASSEMBLY FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE - An internal combustion engine comprising valve sets through which combustion air enters a cylinder is mixed with fuel for combustion therein and through which products of combustion exit. A valve train assembly comprises a drive rocker arm, including a first, proximal end in contact with a rotatable camshaft and a second, distal end in contact with a valve shaft of a first valve of a valve set and a driven rocker arm including a first, proximal end in contact with the drive rocker arm at a location that is adjacent to the first, proximal end thereof and a second, distal end in contact with a valve shaft of a second valve of a valve set. The drive rocker arm and the driven rocker arm operate to move the valves reciprocally from a closed to an open position. | 10-25-2012 |
| 20120312264 | FINGER FOLLOWER LEVER FOR ACTUATING A GAS EXCHANGE VALVE - A finger follower lever for actuating gas exchange valves of an internal combustion engine, having a lever body formed by two parallel side walls spaced apart by a transversely extending web. The web forms a first, joint socket end as a pivotable support for the lever, and a second end with a valve actuating surface. A cam roller is rotatably held between the side walls via a needle ring of a needle bearing. The cam roller projects partially via an aperture in the web for cam contact. The cam roller is narrow, and the needle ring projects beyond the cam roller at one axial end, and ends directly adjacent to a corresponding side wall. The aperture has a cross section defined by an overlap between a first, cam roller pocket with an extent corresponding to the cam roller in the axial direction, and a second pocket for the needle ring. | 12-13-2012 |
| 20120312265 | CAM FOLLOWER WITH IMPROVED STRUCTURE TO INCREASE LIMIT LOAD - Disclosed is a cam follower of which the structure is improved such that the limit load can be increased. The cam follower is one which moves relative to a cam, mediated by a liquid lubricant, wherein a plurality of recesses are provided on the contact surface of the cam follower which makes contact with the cam, and the depth of the plurality of recesses of the contact surface is between 0.005 and 0.03 mm. By providing the plurality of recesses on the contact surface of the cam follower which makes contact with the cam, the present invention makes it possible to improve the state of lubrication between the cam follower and the cam which move relative to each other mediated by the liquid lubricant and to reduce the heat and the wear which occur at the interface between the same. | 12-13-2012 |
| 20130019831 | VALVE ACTUATION APPARATUS OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE - In a valve actuation apparatus of a multi-cylinder engine employing a drive shaft rotatably arranged to extend over a plurality of cylinders, a drive cam attached to the drive shaft, and a motion transmitter provided for each of the cylinders for converting a rotary motion of the drive cam into an oscillating motion, a rockable-cam structural member is provided for each of the cylinders in a state where a shaft is inserted through inner peripheries of the rockable-cam structural members, for operating engine valves by the transmitted oscillating motion. A plain bearing is provided in at least one axial position between the axially-spaced rockable-cam structural members. An inner periphery of the plain bearing is in contact with an outer periphery of the shaft, whereas an outer periphery of the plain bearing is in contact with an inner periphery of a bearing portion mounted on the engine. | 01-24-2013 |
| 20130146008 | ROCKER ARM PROVIDING CYLINDER DEACTIVATION - A rocker arm assembly to provide either cylinder deactivation or reduced valve lift. The rocker arm assembly includes inner and outer portions that are rotatably connected to one another. In one state, the inner and outer portions are locked together to provide traditional valve lift. In a second state, the inner portion is allowed to rotate relative to the outer portion to deactivate the cylinder or provide reduced valve lift. Bearings on both the inner and outer portions provide rolling contact with corresponding cam shaft features. A hydraulic system provides transition between the first and second states. | 06-13-2013 |
| 20130206090 | COMBINED OUTER ARM MANUFACTURING FOR SPRING OVER PIVOT THREE ARM SWITCHABLE ROLLER FINGER FOLLOWER - A method of manufacturing outer arms of a three arm spring over pivot switchable roller finger follower. The method includes the steps of forming the outer arms of the switchable roller finger follower as a single unit, forming a material web between the outer arms, and separating the outer arms apart from each other. Also, an intermediate assembly of the outer arms of the three arm spring over pivot switchable roller finger follower is disclosed. The intermediate assembly has a first outer arm, a second outer arm, and a material web which extends between the outer arms, and adjoins the outer arms together. | 08-15-2013 |
| 20130239919 | THREE ARM FINGER FOLLOWER WITH CAM SWITCHING PROFILE AND COMPRESSION LOST MOTION SPRINGS - A switchable roller finger follower is provided having an inner lever and two separate outer arms mounted at one end to a swing pivot axle that extends through the inner lever. A roller is mounted in the inner lever. The outer arms extend longitudinally along sides of the inner lever and include high lift cam contact surfaces. The inner lever includes a compression spring support extending out from each of the sides. The outer arms each include a corresponding spring support facing the respective spring support of the inner lever. A compression spring is located on each of the sides of the inner lever between the corresponding spring supports. A coupling arrangement is located between the inner lever and the outer arms which in a locked position, locks the outer arms in position on the inner lever, and in an unlocked position, allows the outer arms to pivot. | 09-19-2013 |
| 20130263806 | Motorcycle rocker arm stand apparatus - A motorcycle engine rocker arm stand having a pair of rocker arm assemblies spaced a distance “D” from each other effective to increase the “rocker arm ratio” and therefore the horsepower output of the engine. Each rocker arm assembly includes a first arm portion and a second arm portion oriented along an axis disposed at an acute angle to the axis of the first arm portion. Each rocker arm further includes a roller contact for engagement with the intake valve stem of the engine and an axially adjustable contact member for engagement with the engine's push rod. The axially adjustable contact member axis is disposed at a second acute angle with respect to the axis of the first arm portion. | 10-10-2013 |
| 20130284135 | NESTED LOCKING MECHANISM FOR SWITCHABLE ROLLER FINGER FOLLOWER - A finger lever is provided for a valve train of an internal combustion engine. The finger lever comprises an inner lever, at least one arm pivotally coupled to the inner lever, and a coupling device operatively displaceable to control movement of the at least one arm relative to the inner lever. The coupling device includes a slide and a piston disposed in a longitudinal bore of the inner lever, the piston having an entraining slot in which at least part of the slide is received, and at least one biasing member arranged to bias the piston relative to the inner lever. The slide is constructed to be displaced in a coupled position or an uncoupled position. In the coupled position the slide is entrained by the at least one arm, and in the uncoupled position the slide is not entrained by the at least one arm. | 10-31-2013 |
| 20130284136 | NESTED LOCKING MECHANISM FOR SWITCHABLE ROLLER FINGER FOLLOWER - A finger lever is provided for a valve train of an internal combustion engine. The finger lever comprises an inner lever, at least one arm pivotally coupled to the inner lever, and a coupling device operatively displaceable to control movement of the at least one arm relative to the inner lever. The coupling device includes a slide and a piston disposed in a longitudinal bore of the inner lever, the piston having an entraining slot in which at least part of the slide is received, and at least one biasing member arranged to bias the piston relative to the inner lever. The slide is constructed to be displaced in a coupled position or an uncoupled position. In the coupled position the slide is entrained by the at least one arm, and in the uncoupled position the slide is not entrained by the at least one arm. | 10-31-2013 |
| 20130291817 | CAM FOLLOWER APPARATUS - Provided is a cam follower apparatus that has excellent durability, assembly characteristics and freedom of design, and together with being able to reduce the size and weight, is able to reduce the manufacturing cost. Both end sections of a support shaft | 11-07-2013 |
| 20130312686 | ROCKER ARM ASSEMBLY AND COMPONENTS THEREFOR - A system for preloading a latch used in a variable valve actuation system for internal combustion engines is disclosed. It includes a rocker arm assembly having a first arm for operatively engaging the first cam for a first desired lift profile, and a second arm for operatively engaging the second cam for a second desired lift profile. A selectively-activatable latch to operatively latch the second arm with the first arm. An electronic control unit (ECU) communicates with an oil control valve that changes oil pressure to the latch to cause it to secure the arms together, or allow them to move independently. Due to the short time period required to operate the latch, the ECU provides a signal for the oil control valve to supply oil pressure or release oil pressure prior to the rocker arms being engaged with the base circle of the cams. This effectively preloads the latch causing it to react quickly and within the small time period allowed to latch. | 11-28-2013 |
| 20130312687 | ROCKER ARM ASSEMBLY AND COMPONENTS THEREFOR - A method of precision manufacture of an outer arm of a rocker arm assembly is performed by determining structures of a rough outer arm that would require precision processing and locations to support the structures as they are processed. Starting with at least one structure requiring precision processing, locations on the outer arm close to the structure to hold the outer arm during processing are determined that would cause minimal distortion of the outer arm during processing. The outer arm is then provided with clamping lobes at these locations. The clamping lobes of the outer arm are clamping into a fixture for manufacturing. The slider pad may now be precision ground while the outer arm is clamped in the fixture with minimal risk of distortion of the outer arm. | 11-28-2013 |
| 20130312688 | SYSTEMS, METHODS AND DEVICES FOR ROCKER ARM POSITION SENSING - A system for monitoring operation of an internal combustion engine having a rocker arm assembly for actuating an engine valve is disclosed. The rocker arm assembly includes a first arm with a first end, a second arm also having a first end pivotally connected near the first end of the first arm, a latch that when latched secures the first arm relative to the second arm in a latched mode, and when unlatched allows the first arm to move relative to the second arm in an unlatched mode. The system also employing a sensor attached to one of the first and second arms that can detect when the arms are moving relative to each other, and adapted to provide a signal indicating the sensed movement. | 11-28-2013 |
| 20140007832 | ROCKER ARM FOR VALVE CONTROL APPARATUS - To provide a rocker arm for a valve control apparatus of an automobile engine, which enables downsizing of the valve control apparatus and provides improved fuel economy of the engine. The rocker arm is provided with: a top plate; at least one upright wall section; a cam slide section, formed on top of the top plate, in contact with a cam mounted on a camshaft; a supporting member for rockably supporting the rocker arm about the rocking center of the supporting member; and a pad face, formed at the other end of the rocker arm, in contact with a valve system. Said at least one upright wall section has a smaller width than the top plate, and extends from the top plate at a substantially right angle. | 01-09-2014 |
| 20140034001 | VARIABLE VALVE ACTUATION SYSTEM CONFIGURATIONS - Valve actuation systems are disclosed herein that allow valve closing timing to be varied using a lost-motion system. In some embodiments, an actuation system is provided that has a locked configuration in which a bearing element is held in place between first and second valve train components to transmit cam motion to an engine valve. The actuation system also has an unlocked configuration in which the bearing element is permitted to be at least partially ejected from between the first and second valve train components, such that cam motion is not transmitted to the engine valve. A number of valve train configurations are disclosed, including a pushrod with a translating follower, a pushrod with an end-pivoted follower, a center-pivoted rocker, an end-pivoted rocker, and a direct attack valve train with a bucket tappet. | 02-06-2014 |
| 20140109852 | APPARATUS FOR ACTUATING AT LEAST ONE OUTLET VALVE OF A VALVE-CONTROLLED INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE - An apparatus for actuating at least one outlet valve of a valve-controlled internal combustion engine for motor vehicles, includes an actuating element which is driven by a camshaft. A first piston; cylinder unit, preferably a hydraulically loaded piston/cylinder unit, is provided between a cam of the camshaft and at least one outlet valve. The piston/cylinder unit allows at least one outlet valve to be held in a non-closed intermediate position during an engine braking mode with exhaust-gas backpressure. A second piston/cylinder unit is provided which is configured as a valve-play compensation element, preferably as a hydraulic valve-play compensation element (HVC). At least one valve train-side device is provided between the cam and the at least one outlet valve, which valve train-side device exerts a force which is directed counter to the adjusting action of the HVC but is lower than the latter. | 04-24-2014 |
| 20140116366 | PIVOT FOOT FOR DEACTIVATING ROCKER ARM - A dual body rocker arm comprises an outer arm, an inner arm, a substantially cylindrical pivot axle, a pivot foot and a first and second pivot foot retaining ring. The inner arm is disposed between side arms of the outer arm. The pivot axle is mounted to both the inner and outer arm. The pivot foot has a cylindrical axle interfacing surface and a valve tip interface. Retaining rings mount the pivot foot to the axle, allowing partial rotation of the pivot foot about the axle. Interfering protrusions on the retaining rings limit the range of motion of the pivot foot. A pivot foot having at least one interfering block is configured to restrict motion of the pivot foot by interfering with at least one interfering tab. | 05-01-2014 |
| 20140150745 | SINGLE LOBE DEACTIVATING ROCKER ARM - A deactivating rocker arm can include an outer arm extending between a first end and a second end. The outer arm can have a first outer side arm and a second outer side arm. The first and second outer side arms can define outer pivot axle apertures and axle slots. The inner arm can be disposed between the first and second outer side arms. The inner arm can have a first inner side arm and a second inner side arm. The first and second inner side arms can define bearing apertures. A bearing can be mounted in the bearing apertures of the inner arm and the axle slots of the outer arm. The axle slots can be configured to permit lost motion movement of the bearing. A first biasing member can be disposed on the second end of the outer arm and in biasing contact with the bearing. | 06-05-2014 |
| 20140165941 | VARIABLE VALVE LIFT DEVICE - A variable valve lift apparatus may include a rocker arm coupled with a rocker arm shaft, a valve bridge disposed to be pressed by one end portion of the rocker arm, the valve bridge including a piston insertion hole and at least one pin insertion hole connecting to the piston insertion hole, a valve disposed to be pressed by the valve bridge, and a variable lift unit disposed in the valve bridge and variably controlling an amount that the rocker arm presses the valve bridge. The variable lift unit includes a variable piston of which the lower portion is inserted into the piston insertion hole, and a check pin disposed in the pin insertion hole to be selectively inserted into the pin groove formed on a side surface of the variable piston according to the hydraulic pressure supplied to the piston oil passage formed in the variable piston. | 06-19-2014 |
| 20140182536 | RESET TYPE ROCKER BRAKING METHOD AND DEVICE - A reset rocker arm braking method and device are provided. A braking piston hole and an oil drain piston hole which are communicated with a braking oil supply passage are arranged inside a rocker arm, and an oil drain passage is arranged between the braking piston hole and the oil drain piston hole. When the rocker arm is driven by a braking cam lobe of a cam, an exhaust valve is opened to realize braking by a braking piston inside the braking piston hole. When the rocker arm is driven by an exhaust cam lobe of the cam, the rocker arm drives an oil drain piston in the oil drain piston hole to open the oil drain passage to discharge oil, and the lift profile of the exhaust valve is reset and reduced to a conventional exhaust valve lift profile without an engine braking. | 07-03-2014 |
| 20140209048 | SWITCHING ROLLER FINGER FOLLOWER WITH LOCKING MECHANISM - A switching roller finger follower, including: first and second rotatable outer arms; and a locking mechanism including a locking pin with a first outside diameter and first and second ends. The locking mechanism includes first and second locking sleeves: separate from the locking pin; fixedly secured to the first and second ends, respectively; and having second and third outside diameters, respectively, larger than the first outside diameter. The locking pin is displaceable such that: in a locked mode, the first and second locking sleeves contact the first and second outer arms, respectively, to block rotation of the first and second outer arms in a first rotational direction; and in an unlocked mode, the first and second locking sleeves are free of contact with the first and second outer arms, respectively. | 07-31-2014 |
| 20140290608 | LATCH PIN ASSEMBLY; ROCKER ARM ARRANGEMENT USING LATCH PIN ASSEMBLY; AND ASSEMBLING METHODS - A rocker arm for engaging a cam in a valve actuation arrangement includes a latch pin assembly having includes a latch pin, retainer, and biasing mechanism. The latch pin has a pin body with a head and a tail at the second end; the body defining an open volume; the tail having an open mouth in communication with the open volume of the body; and the open volume having a non-circular cross-section. The retainer has a male engagement portion and an outer portion. The male engagement portion is within the open volume of the body through the open mouth. The male engagement portion has a non-circular cross section. The outer portion is non-removably secured to an outer arm of the rocker arm. The biasing mechanism is oriented in the open volume of the body and between and against the latch pin and the retainer. | 10-02-2014 |
| 20150053160 | SLIDER PAD FOR ROLLER FINGER FOLLOWER - A roller finger follower is provided having a housing and two separate outer arms mounted at one end to a pivot axle that extends through the housing. A roller is mounted in the housing The outer arms extend longitudinally along sides of the housing and include high lift cam contact surfaces. The outer arms having an outer arm body and separately formed longitudinal body, retained on the outer arm body, the longitudinal body including the cam contact surface. The longitudinal body is formed of a high durability material or coated with a suitable coating, the outer arm body formed of a lower grade, lower cost material. | 02-26-2015 |
| 20150345343 | SWITCHABLE ROCKER ARM WITH IMPROVED SWITCHING RESPONSE TIME - A rocker arm includes a follower which follows a first lobe of a camshaft and is mounted to a rocker arm body; a lock pin that is selectively moveable in a lock bore between a first position and a second position in order to prevent relative movement between the rocker arm body and the follower in one of the first position and the second position and to permit relative movement between the rocker arm body and the follower in the other of the first position and the second position; and a rocker arm oil passage in fluid communication with the lock bore for communicating oil therethrough to move the lock pin between the first position and the second position. The rocker arm oil passage is elongated in a circumferential direction relative to the lock bore. | 12-03-2015 |
| 20160010514 | CAM FOLLOWER FOR A VALVE TRAIN OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE | 01-14-2016 |
| 20160017764 | PUSHROD ASSEMBLY - A pushrod assembly for an internal combustion engine comprises a pushrod having a first end and a second end, the first end being configured to receive valve actuation motions from a valve actuation motion source and the second end being configured to impart the valve actuation motions to a valve train component. The pushrod includes a resilient element engagement feature. The pushrod assembly includes a fixed support and a resilient element operatively connected to the resilient element engagement feature and the fixed support. The resilient element is configured to bias the pushrod, via the resilient element engagement feature, toward the valve actuation motion source. An internal combustion engine may comprise the pushrod assembly described herein. A follower assembly may be provided to maintain contact between second end of the pushrod and the valve train component. | 01-21-2016 |
| 20160017766 | ROCKER ARM ASSEMBLY FOR VALVE ACTUATION SYSTEMS - A rocker arm assembly for a valve actuation system of an engine is disclosed. The engine has at least one valve. The rocker assembly includes a rocker arm with a valve retention end, a valve bridge with a rocker engagement portion. The rocker engagement portion sustains an engaged position and a released position relative to the valve retention end. Further, a spring unit is disposed between the valve retention end and the rocker engagement portion. In the engaged position, the valve retention end is in operable abutment with the rocker engagement portion. In the released position, the spring unit is configured to provide a reaction force between the valve retention end and the rocker engagement portion to disconnect the valve bridge from the rocker arm. | 01-21-2016 |
| 20160069222 | METHOD OF REMANUFACTURING A ROCKER ARM AND REMANUFACTURED ROCKER ARM - A method of remanufacturing a rocker arm having a body defining a socket portion is disclosed. The method includes machining the socket portion to remove a worn surface and form a seat configured to receive an insert member therein. The method further includes disposing the insert member within the seat and coupling the insert member to the seat. | 03-10-2016 |
| 20160138436 | METHOD OF REMANUFACTURING A ROCKER ARM AND A REMANUFACTURED ROCKER ARM - A method of remanufacturing a rocker arm having a body defining a contact surface is provided. The contact surface is configured to engage with a braking member and having a worn portion thereon. The method includes machining the contact surface to remove the worn portion and to form an opening configured to receive an insert member therein. The insert member includes an upper surface configured to engage with the braking member. The method further includes coupling the insert member to the opening. | 05-19-2016 |
| 20160169183 | Reciprocating piston internal combustion engine including a sensor system on a gas exchange valve | 06-16-2016 |
| 20160186617 | SLIDING MEMBER AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME - A sliding member includes: a metal substrate; an undercoat primer layer that is formed on a sliding surface of the metal substrate; and a resin layer that is formed on the undercoat primer layer. The resin layer is formed by curing a composition layer containing a bifunctional bisphenol A type epoxy resin, a leveling agent, and a polymerization initiator. | 06-30-2016 |
| 20180023426 | VALVE LIFT CONTROL DEVICE | 01-25-2018 |
