Patent application number | Description | Published |
20130272449 | GENERATING AND/OR RECEIVING, AT LEAST IN PART, SIGNAL THAT INCLUDES AT LEAST ONE WAVEFORM - An embodiment may include circuitry to generate and/or receive, at least in part, a signal that may include at least one waveform. The at least one waveform may include at least one portion followed by at least one other portion. The at least one portion may include a plurality of levels to be compared to data encoding levels to determine whether the plurality of levels satisfy ratios determined based at least in part upon the plurality of levels and the data encoding levels. The at least one other portion may include maximum and minimum data encoding levels to facilitate emphasis measurement. Many alternatives, variations, and modifications are possible. | 10-17-2013 |
20130343400 | LINK TRAINING AND TRAINING FRAME FOR 100GBPS ETHERNET - Methods, apparatus and systems for implementing link training for next-generation high-speed Ethernet links including a 100 Gbps Ethernet link. Training frames are transmitted from a transmit port to be received at a receive port, with each training frame comprising a frame marker portion, a control channel portion, and a training pattern portion. Four-level signaling including a low level signal, first and second intermediate level signals, and a high level signal is implemented for the training pattern portion of the training frame using a pseudo-random bit pattern, while only the low and high level signals are employed for the frame marker and control channel portions of the training frame. The four-level signaling may employ PAM4 encoding. Examples of apparatus and systems in which the link training techniques may be implemented include blade servers and network routers and switches. | 12-26-2013 |
20140086264 | METHOD FOR RAPID PMA ALIGNMENT IN 100GBASE-KP4 - Methods, apparatus and systems for implementing Physical Media Attachment (PMA) alignment and rapid transition from a link training mode to a data mode for next-generation high-speed Ethernet links including a 100 Gbps Ethernet link. Training frames are transmitted between first and second Ethernet interfaces on opposing ends of the link in a pair-wise manner, with a first training frame being sent from a first Ethernet interface and a second training frame being returned from the second Ethernet interface. The training frames have a length that is different that the length of Physical Media Attachment (PMA) frames, and the returned training frames include receiver readiness status indicia identifying a readiness status of a local receiver port, frame alignment offset data identifying a relative offset between a training frame and a predetermined location in a PMA frame, and countdown data. The readiness status indicia, frame alignment offset data and countdown data are employed to facilitate a rapid transition from the link training mode to the data mode. | 03-27-2014 |
20140146833 | PMA-SIZE TRAINING FRAME FOR 100GBASE-KP4 - Methods, apparatus and systems for implementing Physical Media Attachment (PMA) alignment and rapid transition from a link training mode to a data mode for next-generation high-speed Ethernet links including a 100 Gbps Ethernet link. Training frames are transmitted between first and second Ethernet interfaces on opposing ends of the link in a pair-wise manner, with a first training frame being sent from a first Ethernet interface and a second training frame being returned from the second Ethernet interface. The training frames have a length that is the same as the length of Physical Media Attachment (PMA) frames, and the returned training frames include receiver readiness status indicia identifying a readiness status of a local receiver port, and countdown data. The readiness status indicia, and countdown data are employed to facilitate a rapid transition from the link training mode to the data mode. | 05-29-2014 |
20140161141 | EEE REFRESH AND WAKE SIGNALING FOR 100GBASE-KP4 - Methods, apparatus and systems for implementing for implementing Energy-Efficient Ethernet (EEE) refresh and wake signaling for high-speed Ethernet links. During an EEE refresh or wake signaling period, ALERT frames are transmitted between first and second Ethernet interfaces on opposing ends of the link, with a first ALERT frame being sent from a first Ethernet interface and a second ALERT frame being returned from the second Ethernet interface. The ALERT frames have a length that is different that the length of Physical Media Attachment (PMA) frames, and the returned ALERT frames include frame alignment offset data identifying a relative offset between an ALERT frame and a predetermined location in a PMA frame, and countdown data. The frame alignment offset data and countdown data are employed to facilitate a rapid transition from the link training mode to the data mode. | 06-12-2014 |
20140254640 | DE-CORRELATING TRAINING PATTERN SEQUENCES BETWEEN LANES IN HIGH-SPEED MULTI-LANE LINKS AND INTERCONNECTS - Methods, apparatus and systems for de-correlating training pattern sequences for high-speed links and interconnects. The high-speed links and interconnects employs multiple lanes in each direction for transmitting and receiving data, and may be physically implemented via signal paths in an inter-plane board such as a backplane or mid-plane, or via a cable. During link training, a training pattern comprising a pseudo random bit sequence (PBRS) is sent over each lane. The PBRS for each lane is generated by a PBRS generator based on a PRBS polynomial that is unique to that lane. Since each lane employs a different PRBS polynomial, the training patterns between lanes are substantially de-correlated. Link negotiation may be performed between link endpoints to ensure that the PBRS polynomials used for all of the lanes in the high-speed link or interconnect are unique. Exemplary uses include Ethernet links, Infiniband links, and multi-lane serial interconnects. | 09-11-2014 |
20140258813 | Network System Configured for Resolving Forward Error Correction During A Data Mode - One embodiment provides a method for resolving a forward error correction (FEC) protocol. The method includes requesting, by a network node element during an auto-negotiation period between the node element and a link partner, to resolve at least one FEC mode during a data mode period; wherein the auto-negotiation period and the data mode period are defined by an Ethernet communications protocol and the auto-negotiation period occurs before the data mode period; determining, by the network node element during the data mode period, at least one channel quality parameter of at least one channel of a communication link between the network node element and the link partner; and determining, by the network node element during the data mode period, whether to enable or disable at least one FEC mode for use by the network node element based on, at least in part, the at least one channel quality parameter. | 09-11-2014 |
20150016495 | Transmitter Noise in System Budget - One embodiment provides an apparatus. The example apparatus includes a root mean square (RMS) distortion determination module configured to determine an RMS distortion error and a signal to noise and distortion ratio (SNDR), the RMS distortion error determined based, at least in part, on a portion of a transmitted pulse centered at or near a transmitted pulse maximum amplitude and the SNDR determined based, at least in part, on the RMS distortion error. | 01-15-2015 |