Patent application number | Description | Published |
20080204294 | Analog-to-digital converter apparatus, systems, and methods - Various embodiments disclose apparatus, systems, and methods operating with a first circuit branch with transistors coupled in series between first and second supply nodes, and a second circuit branch with second transistors coupled in series between the first and second supply nodes. The second circuit branch may include a resistive unit coupled in series with the second transistors. The first and second circuit branches may receive analog information and to provide digital output information. The digital output information may include output values based on a relationship between a voltage across the first resistive unit and a voltage difference between first and second components of the analog input information. Other embodiments disclose additional apparatus, systems, and methods. | 08-28-2008 |
20090021623 | Systems, methods and devices for a CMOS imager having a pixel output clamp - Embodiments of a pixel read out circuit in an imager device is described. The pixel read out circuit includes an output node that is connected to a plurality of pixel cells. An output signal from a selected one of the plurality of pixel cells is applied to the output node. The pixel read out circuit also includes a clamp-out circuit that limits the magnitude of the output signal to a voltage determined by the voltage of a reference signal to prevent the output signal from reaching a level that might exceed the dynamic range of analog circuitry receiving the output signal. | 01-22-2009 |
20090090844 | BIASING APPARATUS, SYSTEMS, AND METHODS - Apparatus, methods, and systems for providing a uniform bias voltage in a biasing circuit to a plurality of pixels. The biasing circuit has a plurality of switches, including a first switch connected at a first end of a capacitor and a second end connected to a first ground. A second switch is connected at a first end to a bias voltage reference and at a second end to a gate of a biasing transistor and a second end of the capacitor. A third switch is connected at a first end to the first end of the capacitor and at a second end to the drain of the biasing transistor and a second ground. The first and the second switch are closed and the third switch is open to set a bias voltage on the capacitor. The first and second switch are open and the third switch is closed when the bias voltage is set on the capacitor. | 04-09-2009 |
20090108929 | Apparatuses and methods for providing offset compensation for operational amplifier - Apparatuses and methods for providing offset compensation include a primary amplifier which includes a first output, a second output, a first load input, and a second load input, a first feedback loop connected to the primary amplifier and which includes a first switch located between the first output of the primary amplifier and the first load input, and a first sampling capacitor coupled to the first switch between the first switch and the first load input and a second feedback loop connected to the primary amplifier and which includes a second switch located between the second output of the primary amplifier and the second load input, and a second sampling capacitor coupled to the second switch between the second switch and the second load input. | 04-30-2009 |
20090242738 | METHOD AND APPARATUS EMPLOYING DYNAMIC ELEMENT MATCHING FOR REDUCTION OF COLUMN-WISE FIXED PATTERN NOISE IN A SOLID STATE IMAGING SENSOR - An imager having a switching circuit that couples pixel columns to different sample and hold circuits to reduce the noticeability of column-wise fixed pattern noise. A controller randomly couples a pixel column to a sample and hold circuit, therefore fixed pattern noise emanating from a particular sample and hold circuit is not always associated with a single pixel column. Therefore the visual perception of fixed pattern noise associated with a particular sample and hold circuit is reduced. | 10-01-2009 |
20100123489 | PROCESS INSENSITIVE DELAY LINE - A delay line including a phase detector having two inputs and one output. The first input of the phase detector is connected to an input of the delay line. The second input of the phase detector is connected to an output of the delay line. The output of the phase detector is connected to a control circuit which controls current flow at a control node to produce a control voltage at the node. A voltage-controlled delay unit is responsible to the control voltage to control a delay applied to a signal at an input of the delay line. | 05-20-2010 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20090286687 | Method and Compositions for Detection and Enumeration of Genetic Variations - Many areas of biomedical research depend on the analysis of uncommon variations in individual genes or transcripts. Here we describe a method that can quantify such variation at a scale and ease heretofore unattainable. Each DNA molecule in a collection of such molecules is converted into a single particle to which thousands of copies of DNA identical in sequence to the original are bound. This population of beads then corresponds to a one-to-one representation of the starting DNA molecules. Variation within the original population of DNA molecules can then be simply assessed by counting fluorescently-labeled particles via flow cytometry. Millions of individual DNA molecules can be assessed in this fashion with standard laboratory equipment. Moreover, specific variants can be isolated by flow sorting and employed for further experimentation. This approach can be used for the identification and quantification of rare mutations as well as to study variations in gene sequences or transcripts in specific populations or tissues. | 11-19-2009 |
20110229479 | GENETIC ALTERATIONS IN ISOCITRATE DEHYDROGENASE AND OTHER GENES IN MALIGNANT GLIOMA - We found mutations of the R132 residue of isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) in the majority of grade II and III astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas as well as in glioblastomas that develop from these lower grade lesions. Those tumors without mutations in IDH1 often had mutations at the analogous R172 residue of the closely related IDH2 gene. These findings have important implications for the pathogenesis and diagnosis of malignant gliomas. | 09-22-2011 |
20120183967 | Method and Compositions for Detection and Enumeration of Genetic Variations - Many areas of biomedical research depend on the analysis of uncommon variations in individual genes or transcripts. Here we describe a method that can quantify such variation at a scale and ease heretofore unattainable. Each DNA molecule in a collection of such molecules is converted into a single particle to which thousands of copies of DNA identical in sequence to the original are bound. This population of beads then corresponds to a one-to-one representation of the starting DNA molecules. Variation within the original population of DNA molecules can then be simply assessed by counting fluorescently-labeled particles via flow cytometry. Millions of individual DNA molecules can be assessed in this fashion with standard laboratory equipment. Moreover, specific variants can be isolated by flow sorting and employed for further experimentation. This approach can be used for the identification and quantification of rare mutations as well as to study variations in gene sequences or transcripts in specific populations or tissues. | 07-19-2012 |
20120202207 | GENETIC ALTERATIONS IN ISOCITRATE DEHYDROGENASE AND OTHER GENES IN MALIGNANT GLIOMA - We found mutations of the R132 residue of isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) in the majority of grade II and III astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas as well as in glioblastomas that develop from these lower grade lesions. Those tumors without mutations in IDH1 often had mutations at the analogous R172 residue of the closely related IDH2 gene. These findings have important implications for the pathogenesis and diagnosis of malignant gliomas. | 08-09-2012 |
20130252330 | HOMOZYGOUS AND HETEROZYGOUS IDH1 GENE-DEFECTIVE HUMAN ASTROCYTOMA CELL LINES - We provide IDH1 gene-defective cell lines (e.g., IDH1R132H heterozygous and IDH1R132H homozygous) derived from dissociated human astrocytoma samples. The cells can be used alone or in combination with each other or other cell types as a tool for determining the impact of IDH1R132H on cellular biology, tumorigenesis, and metabolic profiles. The cell lines may be used to test and identify therapeutic targets and to screen for molecular therapeutic agents. | 09-26-2013 |
20130266998 | NOVEL OXIDOREDUCTASES FOR ENANTIOSELECTIVE REACTIONS - Described herein are compositions and methods for generating oxidoreductases for enantioselective reactions. Described herein are compositions and methods for generating neomorphic (R)-2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenases capable of enzymatically converting a 1-carboxy-2-ketoacid to a 1-carboxy-(R)-2-hydroxyacid, or the reverse reaction. Illustrative examples include (a) (R)-2-hydroxyadipate dehydrogenase and uses thereof for converting 2-oxoadipate to (R)-2-hydroxyadipate, or the reverse reaction; and (b) (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase and uses thereof for converting 2-oxoglutarate to (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate, or the reverse reaction. Also described herein are compositions and methods for generating non-natural microbial organisms to enzymatically convert 2-oxoadipate to (E)-2-hexenedioate or adipate, or to enzymatically convert 2-oxoglutarate to (E)-2-pentenedioate or glutarate, or the respective reverse reactions. | 10-10-2013 |
20140147919 | HOMOZYGOUS AND HETEROZYGOUS IDH1 GENE-DEFECTIVE CELL LINES DERIVED FROM HUMAN COLORECTAL CELLS - IDH1 gene-defective cell lines (e.g., IDH1R132H heterozygous) have been made from a robust cell line, HCT116. The IDH1 gene-defective cell lines can be used to determine the effect of IDH1R132H on cell biology, tumorigenesis, and cellular metabolic profiles. These cell lines can be used to test potential therapeutic targets and to screen potential therapeutic agents. Kits and xenografts are also contemplated. | 05-29-2014 |
20140187764 | GENETIC ALTERATIONS IN ISOCITRATE DEHYDROGENASE AND OTHER GENES IN MALIGNANT GLIOMA - We found mutations of the R132 residue of isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) in the majority of grade II and III astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas as well as in glioblastomas that develop from these lower grade lesions. Those tumors without mutations in IDH1 often had mutations at the analogous R172 residue of the closely related IDH2 gene. These findings have important implications for the pathogenesis and diagnosis of malignant gliomas. | 07-03-2014 |
20140221219 | OLIGODENDROGLIOMA DRIVE GENES - Oligodendrogliomas are the second most common malignant brain tumor in adults. These tumors often contain a chromosomal abnormality involving a pericentromeric fusion of chromosomes 1 and 19, resulting in losses of the entire short arm of the former and the long arm of the latter. To identify the molecular genetic basis for this alteration, we performed exomic sequencing of seven anaplastic oligodendrogliomas with chromosome 1p and 19q losses. Among other changes, we found that that CIC (homolog of the | 08-07-2014 |
20140356291 | IDH1-Mutated Human Glioblastoma Cell Lines and Xenografts - IDH1-mutant cell lines and xenografts (e.g., IDH1R132H heterozygous and IDH1R132H homozygous) are derived from human glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) samples. Methods use said cells and xenografts as tools for determining the impact of IDH1R132H on cancer properties including cellular morphology, tumorigenesis, DNA, apoptosis, and metabolic profiles. Methods also use these cell lines for the screening and identification of candidate therapeutic targets. | 12-04-2014 |