Carter, GB
Alan Carter, Swindon Wiltshire GB
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20110230181 | Avoiding Transmitter Collision Sessions in Femtocells Arrays - Control unit within a femtocell base station is arranged to detect a transmission collision situation and resolves it by adjusting the timing of the transmission signal and consequently the frame position gradually over time. The adjustment (or shift) is performed in a slow enough rate such that the User Equipments currently connected (camped) to the femtocell base station remain connected. Additionally, a method is also provided. The method comprises: detecting neighboring base stations; detecting frame boundaries of the transmitting signal of each detected neighboring base station; calculating optimal transmit position; setting transmit position to calculated optimal transmit position; and maintaining optimal transmit position by gradually adjusting transmit position over time. In case, detecting neighboring base stations is not possible, the method comprises: detecting absolute time drifting in view of an absolute accurate time reference and maintaining constant absolute transmit position by gradually adjusting transmit position over time. | 09-22-2011 |
Alan Carter, Swindon GB
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20100216408 | BASESTATION FOR CELLULAR COMMUNICATION SYSTEM - A basestation in a cellular communication system corrects frequency errors in signals generated within the basestation. The frequency errors may be corrected on the basis of signals transmitted by one or more other basestations within the network. As an alternative, the basestation may request information from one or more mobile devices that are also able to detect transmissions from other basestations. | 08-26-2010 |
20110081915 | SCRAMBLING CODE SELECTION - In a femtocell basestation of a cellular communications network, there is a potential difficulty that the basestation may be unable to select a scrambling code for its transmissions, without the risk of interference with other basestations using the same scrambling code. The femtocell basestation receives from a management system a list comprising at least one allowed scram-bling code for femtocell basestations, and also detects, in information broadcast by at least one macrocell basestation, at least one allowed scrambling code available in an area containing the basestation. If it is determined that use of each scrambling code that is allowed and is available in an area containing the basestation would cause interference with another femtocell basestation, a pa-rameter is set to ensure that a user equipment would perform a location update when moving between the coverage areas of said basestation and the other femtocell basestation. The parameter may be a MIB and/or SIB value tag. | 04-07-2011 |
20110194534 | ESTABLISHING COLOCATED SECOND CELL USING A SECOND SCRAMBLING CODE BY A FEMTO BASE STATION - In a cellular communications network, it may be desirable for a large number of basestations to share one or a small number of scrambling codes. When a basestation identifies a desired scrambling code, which is also being used by another nearby basestation, steps are taken such that a location area update is triggered whenever a mobile communications device moves from a coverage area of the nearby basestation into a coverage area of said basestation. Further, the basestation establishes a first cell, using the desired scrambling code, and also establishes a second cell also served by the basestation, using a second scrambling code. By ensuring that mobile devices are preferentially served by the second cell, the possibility of interference with the nearby basestation is reduced. | 08-11-2011 |
20120046055 | ACCESS POINT POWER CONTROL - There is described a method of controlling a basestation in a cellular wireless communications network, the method comprising, within the basestation, autonomously and dynamically adapting a maximum value for a total transmit power of the basestation, such that interference between the basestation and other access points in the vicinity is minimized. | 02-23-2012 |
20130165175 | ACCESS POINT POWER CONTROL - There is described a method of controlling a basestation in a cellular wireless communications network, the method comprising, within the basestation, autonomously and dynamically adapting a maximum value for a total transmit power of the basestation, such that interference between the basestation and other access points in the vicinity is minimized. | 06-27-2013 |
20130165176 | ACCESS POINT POWER CONTROL - There is described a method of controlling a basestation in a cellular wireless communications network, the method comprising, within the basestation, autonomously and dynamically adapting a maximum value for a total transmit power of the basestation, such that interference between the basestation and other access points in the vicinity is minimized. | 06-27-2013 |
Alan James Auchmuty Carter, Swindon GB
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20110009065 | INTERFERENCE MITIGATION IN A FEMTOCELL ACCESS POINT - A base station in a cellular network, such as a femtocell access point, has a first coverage area, and is located in a second coverage area associated with a second base station. The base station operates to detect a possibility of interference based on estimated first path losses, between the base station and points in the first coverage area, and a second path loss, between the base station and a user equipment that is attached to the second base station. The second path loss may be estimated in the base station, although there is no connection between the base station and the user equipment attached to the second base station, by estimating the average transmit power of the user equipment that is attached to the second base station; detecting in the base station signals transmitted by the user equipment that is attached to the second base station; and estimating the second path loss from a difference between the estimated average transmit power and the power of the detected signals transmitted by the user equipment that is attached to the second base station. | 01-13-2011 |
20110039520 | CREATING NEIGHBOUR CELL LISTS - A neighbour cell list is formed, for use in a basestation of a cellular communications network. For each of a plurality of neighbour cells, a value of a first component is assigned, depending on whether or not the basestation can detect signals transmitted from said neighbour cell. A value of a second component is assigned, depending on a history of successful or unsuccessful handover attempts to said neighbour cell. The values of the first and second components are combined to form a weighting parameter, for use in determining a handover priority to be given to said neighbour cell in the neighbour cell list. | 02-17-2011 |
20110039539 | SCRAMBLING CODE SELECTION - A basestation forms part of a group of basestations within a cellular communications network, and selects an identifying code for use in identifying transmissions from the basestation. The basestation receives from a management node a first list of identifying codes and a second list of identifying codes, wherein the identifying codes of the first list can appear in neighbour cell lists of basestations outside said group, and wherein the identifying codes of the second list can not appear in neighbour cell lists of basestations outside said group. The basestation determines whether there is at least one identifying code either in the first list of identifying codes or the second list of identifying codes that is not used by any other basestation in said group. If there is at least one identifying code in the first list of identifying codes and at least one identifying code in the second list of identifying codes that are not used by any other basestation in said group, an identifying code from the first list of identifying codes is selected in preference to an identifying code from the second list of identifying codes. | 02-17-2011 |
20110039570 | POWER SETTING - A downlink power is set for transmissions from a basestation of a cellular communications network, the cellular communications network comprising a group of such basestations. A target value for a signal strength with which the transmissions should be received, and a target value for a pathloss, based on measured values for pathlosses between basestations of the group, are both set. The downlink power is calculated, based on the target value for the signal strength, and on the target value for the pathloss. | 02-17-2011 |
20130171985 | MANAGEMENT OF MACRO NETWORK KPI IMPACTS FOR A MASS DEPLOYMENT OF FEMTOCELLS - Power management is provided in a femtocell basestation in a cellular communications network, in order to ensure that the effect of a mass deployment of femtocells on the key performance indicators of the surrounding macro network is bounded, for all femtocell traffic profiles. An expected area density of femtocells is determined; a macro layer quality criterion is set; a network performance indicator impact level is set; a maximum impact area allowed for the femtocell is calculated, based on the expected area density of femtocells, the macro layer quality criterion, and the network performance indicator impact level; a distance of a macro layer user from the femtocell is estimated; and the downlink power in the femtocell is controlled, based on the estimated distance of the macro layer user from the femtocell and based on the calculated maximum impact area. | 07-04-2013 |
20130178212 | CREATING NEIGHBOUR CELL LISTS - A neighbour cell list is formed, for use in a basestation of a cellular communications network. For each of a plurality of neighbour cells, a value of a first component is assigned, depending on whether or not the basestation can detect signals transmitted from said neighbour cell. A value of a second component is assigned, depending on a history of successful or unsuccessful handover attempts to said neighbour cell. The values of the first and second components are combined to form a weighting parameter, for use in determining a handover priority to be given to said neighbour cell in the neighbour cell list. | 07-11-2013 |
20140004860 | SCRAMBLING CODE SELECTION | 01-02-2014 |
20150038190 | POWER MANAGEMENT IN A CELLULAR SYSTEM - A method of controlling the respective transmit powers allocated by a base station of a cellular communications network to each of a plurality of sub-bands is provided. Information from at least one other base station of the network is received, the information comprising information about a sensitivity of a utility function in a cell served by the other base station to changes in powers allocated to respective sub-bands by the base station. A sub-band is identified in which it would be relatively advantageous to increase a transmit power. It is determined whether a factor relating to a happiness of users in the cell exceeds a threshold value. The transmit power in the identified sub-band is increased only if the happiness factor is less than the threshold value. | 02-05-2015 |
Andrew Carter, Hampshire GB
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20120106848 | System And Method For Assessing Photgrapher Competence - A method for automatically assessing the competence of a photographer includes assigning a competency level to the photographer based on a statistical comparison of image features between a collection of the photographer's images and a collection of high competency images. Service and product offerings can be tailored to the photographer based on the competency level assigned by the statistical comparison. | 05-03-2012 |
Andrew Cannon Carter, Blisworth GB
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20130070800 | SEMICONDUCTOR LASER DIODES - A semiconductor laser diode comprises a semiconductor body having an n-region and a p-region laterally spaced apart within the semiconductor body. The laser diode is provided with an active region between the n-region and the p-region having a front end and a back end section, an n-metallisation layer located adjacent the n-region and having a first injector for injecting current into the active region, and a p-metallisation layer opposite to the n-metallisation layer and adjacent the p-region and having a second injector for injecting current into the active region. The thickness and/or width of at least one metallisation layer is chosen so as to control the current injection in a part of the active region near at least one end of the active region compared to the current injection in another part of the active region. The width of the at least one metallisation layer is larger than a width of the active region. This arrangement results in substantially uniform current distribution near the front end of the active region. Advantageously, this uniform current density significantly improves the reliability of the laser diode. | 03-21-2013 |
20130182731 | Fast Wavelength Switching - There is described a laser assembly for providing light at a switchable output wavelength. The assembly comprises first and second tuneable lasers, each configurable to emit light at a laser wavelength chosen from a range of wavelengths. Light is transmitted from the first laser while the second laser is retuned to change the chosen laser wavelength thereof. Each laser comprises one or more thermally sensitive control components for controlling the operation of the laser and an additional component electrode located adjacent to at least one of the one or more control components. The laser is configured so that the sum of electrical currents supplied to each control component and its corresponding additional component remains substantially constant in use. | 07-18-2013 |
20130250981 | Array Comprising a Plurality of Adjustable Optical Devices - An adjustable array includes a plurality of optical devices. Each adjustable array device has an optical light output therefrom and is configured whereby the corresponding optical lights of the plurality of optical devices have a predefined nonequivalent relationship relative to one another with respect to an output parameter. In response to a drive signal, the plurality of optical devices are further configured to adjust the corresponding optical lights with respect to the output parameter while substantially maintaining the predefined nonequivalent relationship. | 09-26-2013 |
20140369368 | Thermal Locker - An assembly includes an etalon assembly for dynamically locking a frequency of an optical beam to a set frequency, the etalon assembly being external to a laser source assembly that outputs the optical beam. The etalon assembly includes an etalon that receives the optical beam and generates via interference effects a transmission beam, the etalon having a thermal tuning range greater than one half of a free spectral range of the etalon. The etalon assembly also includes an etalon heater mounted to the etalon such that the etalon heater is configured to adjust the temperature of the etalon. The assembly includes a controller configured to retrieve calibration data based on the set frequency, calculate a set temperature for the etalon using a thermal tuning algorithm and the calibration data, and control the etalon heater such that the etalon has a temperature equal to the calculated set temperature. | 12-18-2014 |
Andrew Cannon Carter, Northamptonshire GB
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20080247436 | OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICE AND METHOD OF OPERATING OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICE - The invention provides an optoelectronic device combining a vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) and a photodetector for monitoring the output power of the vertical cavity surface emitting laser. To improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the photodetector, a light deflector is interposed between the photodetector and the VCSEL. | 10-09-2008 |
20120104389 | SACRIFICIAL WAVEGUIDE TEST STRUCTURES - Sacrificial optical test structures are constructed upon a wafer ( | 05-03-2012 |
20140300953 | Tunable Multi-Mode Laser - A widely tunable multi-mode semiconductor laser containing only two electrically active sections, being an optical gain section and a tunable distributed Bragg reflector section adapted to reflect at a plurality of wavelengths, wherein the gain section is bounded by the tunable distributed Bragg reflector section and a broadband facet reflector, and wherein the tunable distributed Bragg reflector section comprises a plurality of discrete segments capable of being selectively tuned, wherein the reflection spectra of one or more segments of the tunable distributed Bragg reflector section can be tuned lower in wavelength to reflect with the reflection spectrum of a further segment of the tunable distributed Bragg reflector section to provide a wavelength range of enhanced reflectivity. An optical transmitter comprising a light source that is such a widely tunable multi-mode semiconductor laser. | 10-09-2014 |
Christopher Ralph Carter, Hertfordshire GB
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20090027267 | SCANNED ANTENNA SYSTEM - The invention comprises a feed horn ( | 01-29-2009 |
20100039309 | RELATING TO SCANNERS - The invention provides a security scanner that produces a radar profile of a clothed person or another object such as a bag carried by a person at a distance and does not require close proximity of the person or object to the scanner itself. The scanner includes a millimetre wave antenna system optimised for short-range active imaging and arranged to provide rapid high-resolution images of an object or person of interest and processing means for resolving the images so as to detect the presence of predetermined objects. The processing means preferably includes means for comparing contrasts in reflectivity in the scanned images with predetermined expected values from skin and light clothing. The processing means may also include means for detecting predetermined behavioural or physical traits such as the effect on gait on carried weighty objects or stiff structures strapped to the person from the images of a scanned object or person. The scanner may be incorporated within a turnstile access arrangement. | 02-18-2010 |
Dave Carter, Lincoln GB
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20130034429 | BLADE OR VANE FOR A TURBOMACHINE - A blade or a vane component of a turbomachine includes an inner space between two opposite inner walls of the component, and a plurality of ribs projecting from the two opposite inner wall forming a plurality of channels on each of the two opposite inner walls to guide the cooling fluid towards the trailing edge. The inner space is divided into a leading section towards the leading edge of the component and a trailing section towards the trailing edge of the component. The ribs are arranged in the leading section. A plurality of pin-fins projecting from the two opposite inner walls is arranged in the trailing section in a discrete manner. | 02-07-2013 |
20140090467 | DETECTING PROBE MOUNTING DEVICE - A detecting probe mounting device for fixation in the proximity to a rotating member of a machine is provided. The detecting probe mounting device includes at least two detecting probes with a connecting part and a detecting part for detecting parameters of the machine and/or the rotating member, a probe support structure with one through hole for each detecting probe and with mounting means for mounting each detecting probe at the probe support structure, wherein in a mounted state the connecting part and the detecting part are located on different sides of each through hole, and fixing means for fixing the probe support structure at a predefined position in proximity to the rotating member of the machine, wherein in the fixed state the detecting part of each detecting probe is facing the rotating member. | 04-03-2014 |
David Carter, Cambridge GB
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20100324901 | SPEECH RECOGNITION SYSTEM - Various methods and apparatus are described for a speech recognition system. In an embodiment, the statistical language model (SLM) provides probability estimates of how linguistically likely a sequence of linguistic items are to occur in that sequence based on an amount of times the sequence of linguistic items occurs in text and phrases in general use. The speech recognition decoder module requests a correction module for one or more corrected probability estimates P′(z|xy) of how likely a linguistic item z follows a given sequence of linguistic items x followed by y, where (x, y, and z) are three variable linguistic items supplied from the decoder module. The correction module is trained to linguistics of a specific domain, and is located in between the decoder module and the SLM in order to adapt the probability estimates supplied by the SLM to the specific domain when those probability estimates from the SLM significantly disagree with the linguistic probabilities in that domain. | 12-23-2010 |
David S. Carter, Cheltenham GB
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20090320136 | IDENTIFYING EXPLOITATION OF VULNERABILITIES USING ERROR REPORT - A tool and method examine error report information from a computer to determine not only whether a virus or other malware may be present on the computer but also may determine what vulnerability a particular exploit was attempting to use to subvert security mechanism to install the virus. A system monitor may collect both error reports and information about the error report, such as geographic location, hardware configuration, and software/operating system version information to build a profile of the spread of an attack and to be able to issue notifications related to increased data collection for errors, including crashes related to suspected services under attack. | 12-24-2009 |
20140237607 | IDENTIFYING EXPLOITATION OF VULNERABILITIES USING ERROR REPORTS - A tool and method examine error report information from a computer to determine not only whether a virus or other malware may be present on the computer but also may determine what vulnerability a particular exploit was attempting to use to subvert security mechanism to install the virus. A system monitor may collect both error reports and information about the error report, such as geographic location, hardware configuration, and software/operating system version information to build a profile of the spread of an attack and to be able to issue notifications related to increased data collection for errors, including crashes related to suspected services under attack. | 08-21-2014 |
Edwin Carter, Berkshire GB
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20140222366 | Apparatus And Methods For Monitoring And Analysing The Performance Of A Heating Or Cooling System - Apparatus for monitoring and analysing the performance of a heating and/or cooling system for a space within a building. The apparatus comprises a processing arrangement and an electronic memory, wherein the processing arrangement is configured to receive temperature signals representing temperature measurements from a temperature sensor within the space over a monitored period of time, to process the temperature signals so as to generate output data which attributes a proportion of the energy consumption of the heating and/or cooling system to a specified energy output, and to transmit the output data to the electronic memory for retrieval by a user. Corresponding monitoring and analysis methods are also described. | 08-07-2014 |
Edwin C. Carter, Cambridge GB
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20120080611 | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR MEASURING SCATTERING OF RADIATION - A photometric device for investigating a sample, comprises an array of radiation sources that are spaced apart from one another, and which are operable to generate radiation that differs from that generated by the other radiation sources in the array. The device includes a lens arrangement for focusing the radiation at a region of space where a sample may be located for example by means of a sample holder, and at least one detector for receiving radiation from the region of space. Preferably, a number of detectors are employed that are spaced apart from one another, and especially about an axis of the device, so that one radiation detector can detect radiation transmitted by the sample and the other detectors can detect radiation scattered by it. The radiation sources may be time division multiplexed so that in each time slot the detectors receive radiation originating from each radiation source. In an alternative embodiment, the radiation from the region of space may be transmitted to the sample via a beam homogeniser, for example an optical waveguide in the form of an optical fibre, which may be used to reduce or remove speckle where laser diodes are employed as the radiation sources. The device may be used to determine the particle size distribution of particles in a sample by a method employing Bayesian inference. | 04-05-2012 |
Edwin Christopher Carter, Cambridge GB
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20100109938 | ADAPTIVE RADAR - A method of classifying items from reflected signals returned from said items is disclosed, the method comprising: processing said return signals to discriminate between a first set of signals indicative of items of interest and a further set of signals indicative of clutter; identifying items from said first set of signals and classifying them as a first class of item; processing said further set of signals to identify a second set of signals indicative of further items of interest; identifying items from said second set of signals and classifying them as a second class of item. | 05-06-2010 |
Gareth John Carter, Aylesbury GB
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20140179347 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DEFINING A ZONE - A method of and apparatus for defining a zone, comprising receiving (S | 06-26-2014 |
20140206293 | BLIND SPOT DETERMINATION - A method comprising maintaining (A, B), by a device ( | 07-24-2014 |
Gemma Chevonne Carter, Warwick GB
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20080299131 | Anti-Viral Compositions - The invention provides a composition comprising for simultaneous, sequential or separate administration a) a polyanion; and b) an antibody reactive against an antigen on the surface of an intracellular form of a virus, which virus has an extracellular form that is surrounded by one lipid membrane more than the intracellular form. The present inventors have found that the compositions according to the invention comprising an antibody and a polyanion can neutralize virus infectivity more efficiently than other compositions reported hitherto. | 12-04-2008 |
Graham Carter, By Newmachar GB
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20090043076 | Modified interferon beta with reduced immunogenicity - The present invention relates a modified human interferon beta (INFβ) which is less immunogenic than human INFβ (SEQ ID NO: 1) when administered in vivo to a human. The modified human INFβ comprises an amino acid residue sequence that differs from SEQ ID NO: 1 by an amino acid residue substitution selected from the group consisting of L57A, L57C, L57D L57E, L57G, L57H, L57K, L57N, L57P, L57Q, L57R, L57S, and L57T and an additional substitution selected from the group consisting of the H140A, H140C, H140G, and H140P. | 02-12-2009 |
Jeffrey Carter, Mirfield GB
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20110038714 | VARIABLE GEOMETRY TURBINE - A variable geometry turbine of the kind used in a turbocharger has a variable geometry element such as a nozzle ring that is operated by an actuator. The actuator comprises a motor which drives a cross-shaft in rotation. The cross-shaft in turn drives a pair of guide rods on which the nozzle ring is supported in translation so as to move the nozzle ring and control the width of the inlet passage of the turbine. The cross-shaft and guide rods are drivingly engaged by a rack and pinion or thread or another toothed or threaded formation suitable for converting rotational movement into translational movement. The cross-shaft can be located in close proximity to the guide rods and the output of the motor shaft so as to provide a compact package. Moreover, the torque required to resist movement of the nozzle ring in operation is much reduced in comparison to existing designs. | 02-17-2011 |
20110146271 | GAS EXPANDER SYSTEM - According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a gas expander system suitable for use in a turbomachine, the gas expander system comprising: a gas expander provided with a moveable part; a magnetic gear arrangement; and a shaft; the moveable part of the gas expander being connectable to a load via the magnetic gear arrangement and the shaft, and movement of the moveable part of the gas expander being arranged to cause movement of the shaft. | 06-23-2011 |
20120251352 | TURBOCHARGER ASSEMBLY - According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a turbocharger assembly, comprising: a turbocharger; one or more actuators for controlling a flow of fluid in, around, or associated with the operation of the turbocharger; control electronics for use in controlling actuation of the one or more actuators; and boost electronics configured to receive an input voltage, and to provide a boosted output voltage to the control electronics. | 10-04-2012 |
20130239569 | GAS EXPANDER SYSTEM - A gas expander system suitable for use in a turbomachine, the gas expander system comprising: a gas expander provided with a moveable part; a magnetic gear arrangement; and a shaft; the moveable part of the gas expander being connectable to a load via the magnetic gear arrangement and the shaft, and movement of the moveable part of the gas expander being arranged to cause movement of the shaft, wherein the magnetic gear arrangement is used in a closed loop heat recovery system, with the inner and outer rotors of the magnetic gear separated by a wall that contains the stator. | 09-19-2013 |
Jeffrey Carter, Huddersfield GB
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20120213627 | COMPRESSOR - A compressor comprises a housing defining an inlet, a volute, an outlet, and a compressor chamber between the inlet and the outlet within which a compressor wheel is rotatably mounted. The housing has discrete attached first and second housing portions, the first housing portion defining at least part of the inlet and the second housing portion defining at least part of a volute of the outlet. The first housing portion has a conductive element for conducting an electric signal and a second sensor arrangement in sensing communication with the inlet. The compressor further comprises a first sensor arrangement, the first sensor arrangement being configured such that it is in sensing communication with the volute or outlet and such that it is electrically connected to the conductive element. | 08-23-2012 |
Jeffrey Thomas Carter, Middlesbrough GB
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20090151860 | FLEXIBLE POLYMER ELEMENT FOR A CURABLE COMPOSITION - A flexible polymer element for a curable composition wherein the flexible polymer element is in solid phase and adapted to undergo at least partial phase transition to fluid phase on contact with a component of the curable composition in which it is soluble at a temperature which is less than the temperature for substantial onset of gelling and/or curing of the curable composition; a method for the preparation thereof, a support structure or carrier for a curable composition comprising the at least one flexible polymer element together with reinforcing fibres, configurations of support structures and carriers, methods for preparation thereof, a curable composition comprising the at least one flexible polymer element or the support structure or carrier and a curable resin matrix, a kit of parts comprising the components thereof and a method for selection thereof, a method for preparation and curing thereof, and a cured composite or resin body obtained thereby, and known and novel uses thereof. | 06-18-2009 |
Jeffrey Thomas Carter, Cleveland GB
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20100036030 | Acrylic Resin Composition - A composition contains an acrylic resin and an impact modifier containing at least one dimer fatty acid and/or dimer fatty diol. The composition is suitable for use to form a sheet or as an adhesive, particularly as a pressure sensitive adhesive, anaerobic adhesive and a reactive hot-melt adhesive. | 02-11-2010 |
Jeffrey Thomas Carter, Marton GB
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20130296484 | Adhesive Derived from Dimeric Fatty Acid or Dimeric Fatty Diol - An adhesive containing polyisocyanate and a polyol containing at least one dimer fatty acid and/or dimer fatty diol. The adhesive is particularly suitable for use on wood. | 11-07-2013 |
Jeff T. Carter, Marton GB
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20100298464 | Method of Making Triglyceride Macromonomers - A process of making a polymerisable ethylenically unsaturated macromonomer from an unsaturated non-mineral oil, the oil being a mixture of triglycerides, some of which comprise at least one fatty acid having at least two non-conjugated unsaturated bonds at least one of which is ethylenically unsaturated, the process comprising the steps of: i) conjugating the non-conjugated unsaturated bonds, ii) reacting the reaction product of step (i) with an enophile having an acid, ester or anhydride moiety to form an adduct, iii) reacting the adduct with an ethylencially unsaturated monomer having a moiety reactive with the acid, ester or anhydride moiety of the enophile to form an intermediate iv) reacting the intermediate of step (iii) with a chain extender having at least two moieties reactive with the acid, ester or anhydride moiety of the enophile to form the macromonomer, where the oil has an iodine value of from 110 to 180 g of iodine per 100 g of oil. | 11-25-2010 |
Jeff T. Carter, Middlesborough GB
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20100311897 | Method of Making Triglyceride Macromonomers - A method of making a polymerisable ethylenically unsaturated macromonomer comprising the steps of: i) providing a chosen unsaturated non-mineral oil or a mixture of unsaturated non-mineral oils having a first blend of triglycerides, ii) treating the mixture of oils with a transesterification catalyst to produce a second blend of triglycerides different to the first, iii) reacting the second blend of triglycerides with an enophile having an acid, ester or anhydride moiety to form an adduct, iv) reacting the adduct with an ethylencially unsaturated monomer having a moiety reactive with the acid, ester or anhydride moiety of the enophile to form an intermediate, v) reacting the intermediate of step (iv) with a chain extender having at least two moieties reactive with the acid, ester or anhydride moiety of the enophile to form the ethylenically unsaturated macromonomer. | 12-09-2010 |
Jonathan Mark Isherwood Carter, Kent GB
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20080275702 | System and method for providing digital dictation capabilities over a wireless device - A system and method for providing digital dictation capabilities over a wireless device. The system and method enables digital dictations to be recorded on a wireless device, such as a BlackBerry smartphone, and then uploaded wirelessly to a remote location, such a server, for transcription. Features of the wireless device, such as the display and trackball, can be used to control the dictation. | 11-06-2008 |
20090037434 | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR EFFICIENTLY PROVIDING CONTENT OVER A THIN CLIENT NETWORK - A system, method and computer readable instructions for controlling streaming audio in real time in a thin client terminal server environment that can be used, for example, to provide support for a digital dictation system. A server runs client software, and at least one terminal runs a driver which communicates with the client software to create a virtual channel over which at least one digital dictation file is transmitted in packetized format between the terminal and the server, such that the client software controls operations performed at the terminal pertaining to the digital dictation file. | 02-05-2009 |
Joseph Joachim Carter, King'S Lynn GB
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20110098598 | SAMPLING CONNECTOR - A sampling connector for use in sampling a body fluid such as arterial blood or cerebrospinal fluid. The sampling connector comprises at least two apertures in fluid communication via a fluid flow conduit and a one-way valve ( | 04-28-2011 |
Julian Carter, Cambridgeshire GB
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20090041928 | FORMULATION AND METHOD FOR DEPOSITING A MATERIAL ON A SUBSTRATE - A formulation for depositing a material on a substrate, the formulation comprising the material to be deposited on the substrate dissolved in a solvent system comprising a first solvent component having a relatively high boiling point and which exhibits a relatively low solubility with respect to the material to be deposited, and a second solvent component having a relatively low boiling point and which exhibits a relatively high solubility with respect to the material to be deposited. | 02-12-2009 |
20090115318 | ORGANIC ELECTRONIC DEVICE STRUCTURES AND FABRICATION METHODS - An organic electronic device structure, the structure comprising: a substrate; a base layer supported by said substrate and defining the base of a well for solvent-based deposition of organic electronic material; one or more spacer layers formed over said base layer; a bank layer formed over said spacer layer to define a side of said well; and wherein an edge of said well adjacent said base layer is undercut to define a shelf over said base layer, said shelf defining a recess to receive said organic electronic material. | 05-07-2009 |
20090121618 | Solvents for PEDOT-Solutions for Ink-Jet Printing - A composition for ink jet printing an opto-electrical device, the composition comprising: an electroluminescent or charge transporting organic material; and a high boiling point solvent having a boiling point higher than water. | 05-14-2009 |
20100237341 | ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENCE ELEMENT - An organic electroluminescence element having a cathode as a top electrode, and excelling in luminance efficiency, drive voltage, and operational life is provided. The organic electroluminescence element includes an anode over a substrate and a luminescent layer over the anode. The luminescent layer comprises an organic material. An electron injection layer is over the luminescent layer for injecting electrons into the luminescent layer. The electron injection layer is a metal including at least one of an alkaline metal and an alkaline earth metal. A fullerene layer is over the electron injection layer and includes fullerenes and at least one of an alkaline metal and an alkaline earth metal. The at least one of the alkaline metal and the alkaline earth metal included in the fullerene layer has a lower work function than a lowest unoccupied molecular orbit energy level of the fullerenes. A cathode is over the fullerene layer. | 09-23-2010 |
20110186829 | Surface Treated Substrates for Top Gate Organic Thin Film Transistors - A method of forming a top gate transistor comprising the steps of providing a substrate carrying source and drain electrodes defining a channel region therebetween; treating at least part of the surface of the channel region to reduce its polarity; and depositing a semiconductor layer in the channel. | 08-04-2011 |
20110186830 | Method of Making Organic Thin Film Transistors Using a Laser Induced Thermal Transfer Printing Process - The present invention provides a method of manufacturing an organic thin film transistor (TFT), comprising: providing a substrate layer; providing a gate electrode layer; providing a dielectric material layer; providing an organic semiconductor (OSC) material layer; providing a source and drain electrode layer; and wherein one or more of the layers is deposited using a laser induced thermal imaging (LITI) process. Preferably the organic TFT is a bottom gate device and the source and drain electrodes are deposited on an organic semiconductor layer, or over a dielectric material layer using LITI. Further preferably a dopant material may be provided between the OSC material and the source and drain electrode layer, wherein the dopant material may also be deposited using LITI. Also preferably, wherein the dopant may be a charge neutral dopant such as substituted TCNQ or F4TCNQ. | 08-04-2011 |
20110241051 | Organic Electroluminescent Device - An organic electroluminescent device comprising: a substrate; a first electrode disposed over the substrate for injecting charge of a first polarity; a second electrode disposed over the first electrode for injecting charge of a second polarity opposite to said first polarity; an organic light emitting layer disposed between the first and the second electrode, the second electrode being transparent to light emitted by the light emitting layer; and a transparent encapsulant disposed over the second electrode, wherein the transparent encapsulant comprises a microlens array formed by a top surface of the transparent encapsulant and a diffraction grating formed by a bottom surface of the transparent encapsulant. | 10-06-2011 |
20110291084 | Display Device and Backplane - A display device comprises a plurality of electroluminescent display pixels and a plurality of semiconductor elements (“chiplets”), each pixel being electrically connected to the output of one or more of said semiconductor elements through a via hole in an electrically insulating layer for addressing the plurality of display pixels, and a plurality of colour filters and/or downconverters. The colour filters and/or downconverters and the semiconductor elements are provided on the same surface of the device. | 12-01-2011 |
20110291572 | Display Drivers - An active matrix display comprises a display area of the matrix comprising drive circuitry including a control circuit comprising chiplets outside the display area. The output of the control circuit is distributed among the plurality of chiplets. This arrangement is advantageous in that the chiplets allow for a much smaller fan-in and fan-out structure, thus allowing a much larger percentage of the substrate to be devoted to display area. | 12-01-2011 |
20110291992 | Optical Sensor Array - An optical sensor array comprises a photo-sensitive area formed by an array of chiplets having individual light-sensitive elements, each element configured to produce a signal or signals in response to incident light. The displacement of a chiplet from a predetermined position is derivable from the output signal or signals of the element or elements associated with the chiplet. The arrangement provides a method of measuring the displacement of at least one chiplet in an active display. | 12-01-2011 |
20120037907 | Method of Forming Source and Drain Electrodes of Organic Thin Film Transistors by Electroless Plating - A method of manufacturing an organic thin film transistor, the method comprising: depositing a source and drain electrode over a substrate using a solution processing technique; forming a workfunction modifying layer over the source and drain electrodes using a solution processing technique; and depositing an organic semi-conductive material in a channel region between the source and drain electrode using a solution processing technique. | 02-16-2012 |
20130277649 | ORGANIC ELECTRONIC DEVICE STRUCTURES AND FABRICATION METHODS - An organic electronic device structure, the structure comprising: a substrate; a base layer supported by said substrate and defining the base of a well for solvent-based deposition of organic electronic material; one or more spacer layers formed over said base layer; a bank layer formed over said spacer layer to define a side of said well; and wherein an edge of said well adjacent said base layer is undercut to define a shelf over said base layer, said shelf defining a recess to receive said organic electronic material. | 10-24-2013 |
Julian Carter, Dry Drayton GB
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20090129724 | Organic Electroluminescent Optocouplers - An optocoupler including: a substrate comprising a photodetector; a transparent electrically-insulating layer disposed over the photodetector; and an organic electroluminescent device having an organic electroluminescent layer disposed between a first and a second electrode disposed over the transparent electrically-insulating layer; the photodetector arranged to detect light emitted from the organic electroluminescent device; wherein the optocoupler comprises a second current path between the first and second electrodes in addition to a first current path between the first and second electrode which in operation causes the organic electroluminescent layer to emit light. | 05-21-2009 |
Julian Charles Carter, Cambridge GB
Patent application number | Description | Published |
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20090033214 | Display Devices - A light-emissive device comprising: a light-emissive region ( | 02-05-2009 |
20120326600 | BACKLIT DISPLAYS INCLUDING ORGANIC LIGHT-EMISSIVE MATERIAL - A display device comprising: a light switching unit comprising an array of pixels each operable to vary the transmission of light therethrough; and a backlight comprising a first series of regions of organic light-emissive material having a first emission colour and a second series of regions of organic light-emissive material having a second emission colour, each region of organic material being located so as to lie behind a plurality of pixels of the array in the viewing direction for backlighting those pixels; and at least one of the regions of organic light-emissive material being formed by a process of ink-jet deposition. | 12-27-2012 |
Julian Charles Carter, Chesterton GB
Patent application number | Description | Published |
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20080297039 | BACKLIT DISPLAYS INCLUDING ORGANIC LIGHT-EMISSIVE MATERIAL - A display device comprising: a light switching unit comprising an array of pixels each operable to vary the transmission of light therethrough; and a backlight comprising a first series of regions of organic light-emissive material having a first emission colour and a second series of regions of organic light-emissive material having a second emission colour, each region of organic material being located so as to lie behind a plurality of pixels of the array in the viewing direction for backlighting those pixels; and at least one of the regions of organic light-emissive material being formed by a process of ink-jet deposition. | 12-04-2008 |
Juliet Carter, Leamington Spa GB
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20130190652 | SAMPLE RETENTION DEVICE - A flexible container ( | 07-25-2013 |
Katharine Christine Carter, Edinburgh GB
Patent application number | Description | Published |
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20090324743 | PULMONARY DRUG DELIVERY - The present invention relates to formulations for delivery of drugs to the respiratory tract, especially the lungs, as well as improved methods of treating subjects suffering or predisposed to suffering from lung conditions/diseases. The invention is particularly directed to lung cancer treatment using, for example, cytotoxic platinum-based drugs. | 12-31-2009 |
Leigh David Carter, Essex GB
Patent application number | Description | Published |
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20100163436 | INSERT FOR BEVERAGE CONTAINER - An insert for disposal in a beverage container includes a chamber for containing a volume of fluid, e.g. a flavor component, an inlet valve to permit gas to enter the chamber, an outlet valve to permit fluid to exit the chamber. In a preferred form, the insert is connected to suspend from a lid or crown closure of a beverage container. | 07-01-2010 |
Malcolm Carter, Ware Herts GB
Patent application number | Description | Published |
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20100015063 | Benzodiazepine Derivatives and Pharmaceutical Compositions Containing Them - Benzodiazepine derivative of formula (I), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, are found to be active against RSV Formula (I) Wherein: —R | 01-21-2010 |
Malcolm Clive Carter, Stevenage GB
Patent application number | Description | Published |
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20130310562 | Bicyclic Heteroaromatic Compounds As Protein Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors - A pharmaceutical formulation comprising the compound of formula | 11-21-2013 |
20150065527 | BICYCLIC HETEROAROMATIC COMPOUNDS AS PROTEIN TYROSINE KINASE INHIBITORS - A pharmaceutical formulation comprising the compound of formula | 03-05-2015 |
Malcolm Clive Carter, Hertfordshire GB
Patent application number | Description | Published |
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20100267755 | PYRIMIDINE DERIVATIVES - The invention provides the compounds of formula (I) | 10-21-2010 |
Malcolm Clive Carter, London GB
Patent application number | Description | Published |
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20080255105 | Biphenyl Derivatives and Their Use in Treating Hepatitis C - A compound which is a biphenyl derivative of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof wherein: R | 10-16-2008 |
20100215618 | NOVEL COMPOUNDS - 644 - The invention provides compounds of formula (I) | 08-26-2010 |
Malcom Clive Carter, Ware GB
Patent application number | Description | Published |
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20100120804 | Bicyclic heteroaromatic compounds as protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors - A process for the preparation of a compound of formula (I) | 05-13-2010 |
Marc Carter, Bournemouth GB
Patent application number | Description | Published |
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20110119628 | PRIORITIZATION OF CHOICES BASED ON CONTEXT AND USER HISTORY - A method comprises identifying, by a computing device, a current context of a computer program; identifying, by the computing device, any related contexts of the computer program that are related to the current context; determining, by the computing device, association relationships between the current context and the related contexts; determining, by the computing device, a user history of menu choice selection with respect to the current context; updating, by the computing device, the user history based on a user menu choice selection and the association relationships; determining, by the computing device, weighted menu choices for a second context of the computer program based on the user history; and presenting, by the graphic user interface, the weighted menu choices for selection by the user in the second context. | 05-19-2011 |
Marc S. Carter, London GB
Patent application number | Description | Published |
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20090007080 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DETERMINING AN ALTERNATIVE CHARACTER STRING - The present invention is directed to a method and apparatus for determining an alternative character string, in response to an invalid character string being received by a consumer application, wherein the invalid character string is derived from the selection of a series of keyboard keys in combination with a modifier key and wherein each key is associated with at least one glyph. An apparatus in accordance with an embodiment includes: a converter component for converting each glyph of the invalid character string into a first format; a converter component for parsing each of the converted first formats into a second format; an alternatives engine for determining from each of the second formats a third format which can be derived from a combination of a selection of the key and an alternative modifier key; and a converter component for converting each of the determined third formats into their associated glyphs for compiling into a list of alternative character strings. | 01-01-2009 |
Mark Ian Carter, Reading GB
Patent application number | Description | Published |
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20090109941 | WIRELESS ACCESS SYSTEMS - A method of providing access to a communications system via a plurality of wireless hotspot access points, comprising: | 04-30-2009 |
Mark Ian Carter, Berkshire GB
Patent application number | Description | Published |
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20090059874 | WIRELESS ACCESS SYSTEMS - The invention provides method of, apparatus capable of, and computer software for, providing a user with access to a communications system including a plurality of wireless access points, said method comprising providing set of functions for use on a user terminal, said functions including functions for: storing a plurality of sets of user identification data, said user identification data relating to one or more wireless access points via which the user has authorisation to access the communications system; providing a directory of wireless access points in said communications system, said directory including wireless access point identification data; using said directory to identify a wireless access point; and using one of said plurality of sets of user identification data to access the communications system via an identified wireless access point. | 03-05-2009 |
Matthew James Carter, Hampshire GB
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20100115059 | TRANSACTION PROCESSING SYSTEM - A method of transaction processing in a system comprising a plurality of distributed nodes, the method comprising the steps of receiving a message at a first node, the message defining an operation to be performed on data associated with an entity, queuing the message for processing by a message handler running on the node, permitting the message handler to process the message, in the event that no other message handler is operating on the data and forwarding the message to a second node for subsequent processing. | 05-06-2010 |
Neale Carter, Hertfordshire GB
Patent application number | Description | Published |
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20100276927 | FLOW RESTRICTOR COUPLING - The present invention provides a flow restrictor coupling ( | 11-04-2010 |
20120222864 | COMPLETION ARRANGEMENT - A completion arrangement and methods of using the completion arrangement are described herein. The completion section includes a completion section and impacting formations. The completion section is arranged to be coupled to production tubing, and has means to allow hydrocarbons to pass therein from reservoir rock in which the wellbore is formed. The impacting formations are drivingly moveable relative to the wellbore. The means being arranged to serve as flushing portals, whereby drilling fluid introduced into the production tubing is arranged to flow via the means into a space between the production tubing and the wellbore, and circulate in the space and the impacting formations. One, or both, of the drilling fluid circulating in the space and the impacting formations are arranged to remove obstructing material and formations from the wellbore for return to surface by way of the space, during insertion of the completion arrangement into the wellbore. | 09-06-2012 |
Neale Carter, Altens GB
Patent application number | Description | Published |
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20100263880 | DOWNHOLE SEAL - A downhole seal comprises a seal body having a swellable material configured to swell upon exposure to a swelling activator to establish a seal within a wellbore, and at least one protection element configured to protect at least a portion of the seal body when the downhole seal is translated within a wellbore. The protection element defines a reaming element configured to ream a portion of the wellbore while the downhole seal is translated therethrough. | 10-21-2010 |
Neal L S Carter, Derby GB
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20100012797 | Mounting assembly - A mounting assembly for mounting two generally parallel pipes in close proximity to each other and to an adjacent surface. The assembly is so arranged that the pipes are permitted a limited degree of freedom of movement in an axial direction. Additionally, the assembly is so arranged that the pipes may be readily secured and released therefrom. | 01-21-2010 |
Neil Carter, Ainsdale GB
Patent application number | Description | Published |
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20120277382 | NON-CRYSTALLIZING BIS-OXAZOLIDINES - Non-crystallizing oxazolidines as curing agents for polyisocyanates and polyurethanes. The curing agents are mixtures of at least one polyoxazolidine POU having at least two urethane groups and at least one polyoxazolidine POC having at least one carbonato group. | 11-01-2012 |
20130210998 | TWO-PART POLYURETHANES BASED ON HYPERBRANCHED POLYMERS - A two-part polyurethane composition including a first pack and a second pack. The first pack includes at least one hyperbranched copolymer having OH groups and which is prepared from at least one or more monomer(s) having at least two unsaturated C—C bonds and one or more monomer(s) having one unsaturated C—C bond and one hydroxyl group in the presence of a cobalt (II) complex. The second pack comprises at least one polyisocyanate. Disclosed is a two-part polyurethane composition which has low viscosity, long pot life, fast cure, excellent weathering and UV resistance and which is suitable for use as a coating. | 08-15-2013 |
Neil Brian Carter, Berkshire GB
Patent application number | Description | Published |
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20090305892 | PYRIDO[2,3-B]PYRAZINE DERIVATIVES USEFUL AS HERBICIDAL COMPOUNDS - The present invention relates to a method of controlling plants or inhibiting plant growth which comprises applying to the plants or to the locus thereof a herbicidally effective amount of a compound of formula (I) wherein R | 12-10-2009 |
20110301031 | SPIROHETEROCYCLIC N-OXYPIPERIDINES AS PESTICIDES - A compound of the formula (I), wherein the substituents are as defined in claim | 12-08-2011 |
Neil Brian Carter, Bracknell GB
Patent application number | Description | Published |
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20100167929 | PYRIDO-PYRAZINE DERIVATIVES USEFUL AS HERBICIDAL COMPOUNDS - The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I): wherein R | 07-01-2010 |
20110021351 | HERBICIDAL COMPOUNDS - The present invention relates to a method of controlling plants or inhibiting plant growth which comprises applying to the plants or to the locus thereof a herbicidally effective amount of a compound of formula (I) wherein R | 01-27-2011 |
20130137574 | HERBICIDAL COMPOUNDS - The present invention relates to a method of controlling plants or inhibiting plant growth which comprises applying to the plants or to the locus thereof a herbicidally effective amount of a compound of formula (I) | 05-30-2013 |
Nicholas David Carter, London GB
Patent application number | Description | Published |
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20100143247 | DIAGNOSIS OF PROSTATE CANCER - The present invention provides a method for determining the presence of prostate cancer in a subject which method comprises determining the level of expression of one or more markers in a blood sample from the subject, wherein said one or more markers comprise at least one of E2F3, c-met, pRB, EZH2, e-cad, CAXII, CAIX, HIF-1α, Jagged, PIM-1, hepsin, RECK, Clusterin, MMP9, MTSP-1, MMP24, MMP15, IGFBP-2, IGFBP-3, E2F4, caveolin, EF-1A, Kallikrein 2, Kallikrein 3 and PSGR. | 06-10-2010 |
Nicholas John Carter, Bristol GB
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20110083600 | Payload Stowage Unit - A stowage unit for a payload such as a weapon, countermeasure or unmanned underwater vehicle (UUV), and a method for using the unit to deploy the payload are described. The unit comprises an inner tube for holding the payload, wherein the inner tube is mounted in an outer vessel and so defines a volume between the outer vessel and inner tube. The volume has a first sealing element, which can be used to open or seal the volume at one end, and a valve enabling fluid communication between the volume and inner tube. After deployment of the payload, a weight of fluid equivalent to the deployed payload can be allowed to enter the volume from the inner tube, thus enabling the weight of the unit to remain substantially unaltered from before deployment to after deployment. | 04-14-2011 |
Nicholas Laurence Carter, Bristol GB
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20130108103 | IMAGE PROCESSING | 05-02-2013 |
Nicholas Laurence Carter, Filton GB
Patent application number | Description | Published |
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20110211762 | IMAGE PROCESSING - A method of selecting a homography model from point correspondences of an associated image pair; a method of filtering point correspondences from a pair of associated images; a method of calculating a homography transformation; and a method of image differencing; including implementing one or more sampling constraints, e.g. partition zones and an exclusion zone, that provide a more even spread of point selection over the image, and/or that provide for selected points to be spread further apart, than would be the case if the one or more sampling constraints were not implemented. Repeated selections of combinations of points may be selected in a deterministic manner, and the deterministic manner may be tailored to an escape condition. | 09-01-2011 |
Nigel Carter, Didcot GB
Patent application number | Description | Published |
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20110000795 | ELECTROCHEMICAL DATA REJECTION METHODOLOGY - A method is provided for determining the concentration of an analyte in a sample which comprises: a) performing an electrochemical test comprising: (i) contacting the sample with an electrochemical cell comprising at least two electrodes; and (ii) obtaining at least one group of three or more measurements of an electrochemical parameter from the cell, wherein each measurement in each at least one group is obtained at a different time; b) deriving from said at least one group of three or more measurements a single value that is indicative of the time-dependent behavior of the measured parameter; c) comparing the single value indicative of the time-dependent behavior of the measured parameter with a pre-determined range of acceptable time-dependent behaviors; d) determining whether the test is acceptable based on the result of said comparison; e) optionally repeating the above-mentioned steps; and 0 determining the concentration of the analyte from the measurements obtained from the acceptable test or acceptable tests. Also provided is a device on which such a method can be performed and a computer program suitable for performing the data rejection methodology comprised in the method. | 01-06-2011 |
Oliver James Carter, Hertford GB
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20130188649 | Communication Session Processing - Measures for use in processing communication sessions in a telecommunications network are provided. Each communication session has a signalling path spanning a plurality of devices including one or more intermediate network devices and at least two endpoint devices, the signalling path comprising a plurality of signalling segments, each segment being between two devices in the plurality of devices. A first signalling message, comprising a first identifier associated with the communication session, is received via a first signalling segment for a communication session. At least part of the first identifier is transformed using a deterministic encryption algorithm to generate a second identifier. A second signalling message, comprising the second identifier, is transmitted via a second signalling segment for the communication session to associate the second identifier with the communication session. | 07-25-2013 |
Oliver James Carter, Enfield GB
Patent application number | Description | Published |
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20120243549 | Controlling Communication Sessions - There is provided a method of enabling media bypass for a media gateway in a telecommunications network which includes a plurality of media gateways via which a signaling path for transfer of signaling information for setup of a communication session between endpoint devices can be established and via which a media path for transfer of media data between the endpoint devices during the communication session can be established. The method includes receiving, at the media gateway, an inbound communication session setup request message requesting setup of a communication session between an originating endpoint device and a terminating endpoint device in the telecommunications network, the inbound communication session setup request message being transmitted along an inbound signaling path to the media gateway; transmitting, from the media gateway, an outbound communication session setup request message in response to receiving the inbound communication session setup message, the outbound communication session setup request message being transmitted along an outbound signaling path from the media gateway; and including preceding device connectivity data in the outbound communication session setup request message, the preceding device connectivity data indicating at least one media connectivity setting for at least one preceding device which is located before the media gateway in the inbound signaling path, the at least one connectivity setting identifying one or more other devices to which the at least one preceding device is configured to be connectable in the media path, to enable bypass of the media gateway in the media path if an ensuing device in the outbound signaling path determines that such bypass should be conducted. | 09-27-2012 |
20130177011 | Communication Session Processing - Measures for use in processing communication sessions in a telecommunications network are provided. Each communication session has a signalling path spanning a plurality of devices including one or more intermediate network devices and at least two endpoint devices, the signalling path comprising a plurality of signalling segments, each segment being between two devices in the plurality of devices. A first signalling message, comprising a first identifier associated with the communication session, is received via a first signalling segment for a communication session. At least part of the first identifier is transformed using a deterministic encryption algorithm to generate a second identifier. A second signalling message, comprising the second identifier, is transmitted via a second signalling segment for the communication session to associate the second identifier with the communication session. | 07-11-2013 |
20140052875 | Service Migration - At a migration server separate from a first server, a plurality of incoming internet protocol, IP, packets directed at an IP address associated with an IP service are received. On the basis of one or more source characteristics associated with IP packets in the plurality, it is determined that a first subset of packets in the plurality originated from one or more client devices which have not been migrated to a second server and that a second subset in the plurality originated from one or more client devices which have been migrated to the second server. IP packets determined to be in the first subset are forwarded to a first physical address associated with the first server for processing at the first server. IP packets determined to be in the second subset are processed at the second server. | 02-20-2014 |
Paul Andrew Carter, York GB
Patent application number | Description | Published |
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20090295494 | WAVEGUIDE CONNECTOR - A compact end launch transition for providing a connection between a housing having an electrical terminator and a waveguide component and associated method are described. The transition includes a having a rear side presenting a substantially flat surface to abut the housing and has a front side having an aperture. An antenna located within the body is configured to interact with the aperture to form an end launch transition. An electrical connector is in electrical communication with the antenna and exposed from the rear side of the body to connect directly to the electrical terminator. This avoids the need to use cable to connect the housing and waveguide component and provides a particularly compact device. | 12-03-2009 |
Phillip Carter, Newbury GB
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20110238673 | RANKING COMMUNICATIONS EVENTS - To ensure that contacts (and other information) are presented to the user of a communications terminal in a manner that approximates the perceived relative importance a human user might assign, there is described a method for ranking contacts relative to one another on the basis of a ranking value that has been generated from timeline activities (such as tweets, blog posts, RSS feed, emails/SMS etc.), and/or status information (presence, location etc. of the contact) and/or trends in such activities/status values. This ranking method may be supplemental to more conventional rankings such as alphabetic ordering of contacts or ordering by edit date. | 09-29-2011 |
Phillip Carter, Berkshire GB
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20110201329 | COMMUNICATIONS MANAGEMENT - A communications manager is disclosed that is provided on a telecommunications network and a terminal registered with that network. The communications manager comprises in the network and on the terminal a service manager; a data manager and a connection manager. The service manager and data manager collect and store data from a plurality of sources. The connection manager prioritises and schedules delivery of the data from the network to the terminal (or vice versa), and selects a communication method to provide the data in accordance with the priority of that data. The communication method may be SMS for high priority data or an activated packet data connection for lower priority data. | 08-18-2011 |
20140375747 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR FACILITATING COMMUNICATION BETWEEN WIRELESS COMMUNICATION DEVICES - There is provided a method in a first communications device operable to communicate with a second device using a network supporting first and second different communication methods. The method comprises: allowing the first device to communicate with the second device using the first communication method; registering the first device on a service platform of the network; requesting from the service platform a second device status indicator of the ability of the second device to communicate using the second communication method; receiving the second device status indicator from the service platform; and, allowing the first device to communicate with the second device using the second communication method in dependence on the received second device status indicator. The second device status indicator depends on the current network connectivity of the second device. At least one of the first and second devices is a mobile telecommunications device. Corresponding methods in a second communications device and service platform of a network are also provided as are devices adapted to perform the above method steps. | 12-25-2014 |
Philllip Carter, London GB
Patent application number | Description | Published |
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20130013532 | System and Method for Process Scheduling - A method for scheduling processing of an instrument. The method receives instrument information, selects an instrument category for the instrument based on the instrument information, the selected instrument category having a calculation set, assigns the instrument to a job corresponding to the calculation set of the selected instrument category; and sends the job to a computing resource. In another aspect, the method also receives a purpose identifier, and chooses the calculation set from two or more calculation sets of the selected instrument category based on the purpose identifier. In another aspect, the calculation set includes two or more calculation sub-sets, each calculation sub-set having a job priority, and the method includes assigning the instrument to two or more jobs corresponding to each of the two or more calculation sub-sets. | 01-10-2013 |
Ralph Lance Carter, Oxon GB
Patent application number | Description | Published |
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20080285122 | Accessory for Attenuated Total Internal Reflectance (Atr) Spectroscopy - An accessory for use with a microscope arranged to carry out ATR measurements has a support ( | 11-20-2008 |
20090002815 | Accessory For Attenuated Total Internal Reflective (Atr) Spectroscopy - An accessory for use with a microscope arranged to carry out ATR measurements has a support ( | 01-01-2009 |
20090034065 | ACCESSORY FOR ATTENUATED TOTAL INTERNAL REFLECTANCE (ATR) SPECTROSCOPY - An accessory for use with a microscope arranged to carry out ATR measurements has a support ( | 02-05-2009 |
20090127463 | Accessory for attenuated total internal reflectance (ATR) spectroscopy - An accessory for use with a microscope arranged to carry out ATR measurements has a support ( | 05-21-2009 |
Ralph Lance Carter, Towersey Nr Thame GB
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20130220014 | SPECTROSCOPIC INSTRUMENT - A spectroscopic instrument comprising a compartment ( | 08-29-2013 |
20130301923 | ACCESSORY FOR ATTENUATED TOTAL INTERNAL REFLECTANCE (ATR) SPECTROSCOPY - An accessory for use with a microscope arranged to carry out ATR measurements has a support ( | 11-14-2013 |
Richard H. Carter, Aberdeen GB
Patent application number | Description | Published |
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20100135310 | TOKEN BUS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM - In a token bus system a node with the token can transmit on the bus a packet that contains two destination addresses. One address specifies the node that should receive the data component (payload) of the transmitted packet. The other address specifies the node that should receive the token. The network protocol specifies that a node with the token must immediately transmit a packet containing just the token or a packet with token and data if it has data to send. When no data is being passed from one node to another on the network, the token may be passed from one node to the next in order. Each node will pass the token to the next highest node number. If a node has the token has some data for sending it transmits a packet with the token for the next node and data for any of the nodes. The bus system requires every node to receive all packets and process them to determine whether the token or the data (or both) is destined for that node. | 06-03-2010 |
20100202541 | SIGNAL ENCODING FOR FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLEXING ON TRANSMISSION LINES - A method of transmitting on a transmission line a set of carrier signals of which at least one component represents a respective data value and the carrier signals are of different frequencies ranging from a lowest frequency to a highest frequency, in which the respective component of each carrier above the lowest frequency is adjusted on transmission in accordance with a selected relationship between that respective component and the corresponding component of the next lower frequency so as to compensate for the frequency-dependent effect of the transmission line on those components. The components may be amplitudes. The relationship may be a ratio of the respective and corresponding components. Alternatively each respective component may be adjusted in accordance with a scaling factor dependent on the previous data value presented by the corresponding component of next lower carrier frequency, the scaling factor being a ratio between a predetermined value and the said corresponding component, the predetermined value depending on the said previous data value. The components may be phases and the phase of each carrier after the first may be set from the phase of the previous lower frequency carrier augmented by the ratio of the data value in bits and the number of bits that can be carried by the respective component. | 08-12-2010 |
20100220773 | INDICATING AND DETECTING THE START OF SIGNAL TRANSMISSION EMPLOYING FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLEXING - A modem for use with a subsea transmission line comprises a digital signal processor responsive to a succession of segments of a data signal to produce a respective set of orthogonal frequency division multiplexed signals and to transmit those signals as a burst on the transmission line, and to prepend the burst with a start signal comprising a cyclically time-varying signal envelope-modulated with a Gaussian waveform. The modem is also arranged to convert signals received from the transmission line into a succession of digital samples and to process those samples to obtain an indication of the peak of the Gaussian waveform whereby to provide a datum for decoding a received burst of OFDM signals. | 09-02-2010 |
Ronald D. Carter, Barrington, Cambs GB
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20110195748 | ENHANCED SECURITY FEATURE FOR PAYMENT-ENABLED MOBILE TELEPHONE - A method includes providing a mobile device. The mobile device is programmed with a payment application program, an environment program that supports application programs, and a user interface application program. When the user interface application program is initiated, the initiation of the program includes sending a message from the user interface application program to the payment application program to clear a PIN (personal identification number) verification status flag. | 08-11-2011 |
Ronald D. Carter, Barrington GB
Patent application number | Description | Published |
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20100317318 | METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR PROVIDING PRE-PAID PAYMENT CAPABILITY ON MOBILE TELEPHONE - A method includes receiving an over-the-air message from a mobile telephone. The message requests top-up of a prepaid payment capability in the mobile telephone. The method further includes authorizing the requested top-up. In addition, the method includes transmitting an over-the-air response to the mobile telephone. The response indicates to the mobile telephone that the top-up is authorized. | 12-16-2010 |
20100318446 | FLEXIBLE RISK MANAGEMENT FOR PRE-AUTHORIZATION TOP-UPS IN PAYMENT DEVICES - A method of operating a payment device includes prompting the user to enter a monetary amount for a top-up request. The method further includes receiving user input into the payment device, where the user input indicates the monetary amount. The method also includes prompting the user to enter a passcode, receiving user input of the passcode in the payment device and verifying the passcode. Still further, the method includes comparing the monetary amount with a risk management parameter, and based on the result of the comparison, determining in the payment device whether to execute the top-up request off-line within the payment device. | 12-16-2010 |
20110112918 | METHODS FOR RISK MANAGEMENT IN PAYMENT-ENABLED MOBILE DEVICE - A payment-enabled mobile device such as a “smart phone” incorporates risk management features that are applicable to its use in contactless payment transactions. Some features may govern when verification of the cardholder's identity is required for consummation of the current transaction. The features may be configurable by the payment card account issuer and/or the user of the mobile device. | 05-12-2011 |
20110112920 | METHODS FOR RISK MANAGEMENT IN PAYMENT-ENABLED MOBILE DEVICE - A payment-enabled mobile device such as a “smart phone” incorporates risk management features that are applicable to its use in contactless payment transactions. Some features may govern when verification of the cardholder's identity is required for consummation of the current transaction. The features may be configurable by the payment card account issuer and/or the user of the mobile device. | 05-12-2011 |
20110238539 | METHODS FOR RISK MANAGEMENT IN PAYMENT DEVICE SYSTEM - A method includes setting a risk management limit to be applied to authorized purchase transactions for a payment card account. The method further includes detecting that purchase transactions for the payment card account have approached the risk management limit and sending a message to the account holder to notify the account holder that the risk management limit is imminent. In addition, the method includes detecting that the account holder has requested re-setting of the risk management limit and then re-setting the risk management limit. | 09-29-2011 |
20110244799 | SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR OPERATING TRANSACTION TERMINALS - Methods, systems and apparatus are provided including a proximity payment device reader which includes a reader control program to control a process to execute process, where a first process is executed upon receipt of an activation signal, the activation signal indicating the initiation of a transaction involving a proximity payment device with the reader, the first process causing at least a first signal to be transmitted to a second process, the second process causing the transmission of at least a second signal to the proximity payment device through a transceiver. In some embodiments, the first process and the second process each have a queue in which received signals are placed and handled in a first in first out basis allowing the processes to run concurrently with each other. In some embodiments, the processes may be executed to compare at least a portion of application data received from the payment device to data stored in a transaction log of the reader device to determine if the proximity payment device was recently involved in an interrupted transaction at said reader device, and if the proximity payment device was recently involved in an interrupted transaction at the reader, transmitting a signal to the proximity payment device to attempt to retry the interrupted transaction. | 10-06-2011 |
20120021722 | ENFORCING TIME-OUT PERIODS IN PAYMENT-ENABLED MOBILE DEVICE - A mobile device includes a housing and an antenna mounted in or on the housing. The antenna is for transmitting and receiving transaction signals to and from a point of sale (POS) terminal. The device also includes at least one user interface element mounted on the housing and a transceiver mounted in the housing and coupled to the antenna. Still further, the device includes a secure element mounted in the housing. The secure element is coupled to the transceiver and stores a payment application program. The payment application program is for handling exchanging of the transaction signals with the POS terminal. A tick counter is operated within the secure element. The tick counter is for enforcing at least one time-out period with respect to transactions handled by the payment application program. | 01-26-2012 |
20120310760 | MOBILE DEVICE AUTOMATIC CARD ACCOUNT SELECTION FOR A TRANSACTION - Methods, apparatus and systems are described for the automatic selection of a payment card account for use in a purchase transaction by a payment-enabled mobile device. In some embodiments, a user configures her mobile device so that it will automatically select a particular payment card account when certain predefined criteria are met. In an implementation, the process includes providing, by a processor on a display component of the mobile device, a payment card account menu that includes a representation of each of a plurality of payment card accounts of the user. After the mobile device receives an indication of a selection, a card account use criteria sub-menu is displayed that includes a plurality of criteria that defines circumstances under which that particular payment card account will be automatically selected for a transaction. The mobile device processor then receives criteria data selected by the user and stores the selected criteria data in association with an identifier of the particular payment card account in the mobile device memory. In some embodiments, the mobile device processor automatically selects the particular payment card account for use in a payment transaction based at least in part on the stored criteria data. | 12-06-2012 |
20130110719 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR MULTIPLE PAYMENT APPLICATIONS | 05-02-2013 |
20140188640 | ENFORCING TIME-OUT PERIODS IN PAYMENT-ENABLED MOBILE DEVICE - A mobile device includes a housing and an antenna mounted in or on the housing for exchanging transaction signals with a point-of-sale (POS) terminal. The mobile device also includes a user interface element, a transceiver coupled to the antenna, and a secure element including processing circuitry and a secure tick counter. The secure element stores a payment application operable to conduct a pre-sign procedure selected by a user before interfacing with a point-of-sale (POS) terminal. The processing circuitry verifies the user, obtains a first tick value, sets the mobile device into a transaction-enabled state, obtains, when the transceiver is interfaced with a POS terminal, a current tick value from the secure tick counter, calculates a difference value between the current tick value and the first tick value, and enforces a risk management decision. | 07-03-2014 |
20140206311 | METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR PROVIDING PRE-PAID PAYMENT CAPABILITY ON MOBILE TELEPHONE - A method includes a processor of a mobile telephone receiving a top-up request for an offline balance in an offline payment application of the mobile telephone, and opening an over-the-air (OTA) connection to a top-up authorization server computer. The user is prompted to enter a monetary amount for the offline balance and to enter a form of authentication. The method also includes receiving a monetary amount input and a user authentication input, authenticating the user, calculating a cryptogram and transmitting an OTA top-up request message to the top-up authorization server computer. In addition, the method includes receiving an OTA response indicating authorization of the top-up request and including a script. The processor then executes the script to increase the offline balance stored in the mobile telephone by the monetary amount. | 07-24-2014 |
20140209672 | METHODS FOR RISK MANAGEMENT IN PAYMENT-ENABLED MOBILE DEVICE - A payment-enabled mobile device receives, during a first tap of the mobile device on a proximity reader component of a point of sale (POS) terminal, first transaction context data for a current transaction, and receives during a second tap of the mobile device on the proximity reader component, second transaction context data for the current transaction. When the mobile device determines that the second tap is for the same transaction as the first tap, and that one of a customer verification method (CVM) status or a user acknowledgment status flag has been set, then it transmits a payment card account number to the POS terminal to consummate the transaction. | 07-31-2014 |
Stephen Michael Carter, Camberley GB
Patent application number | Description | Published |
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20130339187 | System for Delivering Invoices Over a Secure Messaging Network - A system for delivering invoices over the SWIFT Network to a community of buyers comprises an invoice viewer at each buyer's location, each connected to a shared data center over the Internet. The shared data center comprises a SWIFT interface and BIC for receiving, and a database for storing, invoice objects for each buyer. At a first invoice object includes identification of a first buyer and at least a second invoice object includes identification of a second buyer. A group of buyer records associated each unique buyer with unique access credentials. A delivery application provides a connecting buyer's invoice objects in response to a web services call from the connecting buyer. An invoice viewer generates the web services call, receives the response, and renders a user interface displaying information from each interface object. | 12-19-2013 |
Tim Carter, Sittingbourne GB
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20140119995 | DEVICE FOR DETECTING AN ANALYTE - This invention relates to a device for detecting an analyte in a sample comprising: a radiation source adapted to generate a series of pulses of electromagnetic radiation; a transducer having a pyroelectric or piezoelectric element and electrodes which is capable of transducing energy generated by non-radiative decay into an electrical signal; a detector which is capable of detecting the electrical signal generated by the transducer; a first reagent proximal to the transducer, the first reagent having a binding site which is capable of binding a labelled reagent proportionally to the concentration of the analyte in the sample, which labelled reagent being capable of absorbing the electromagnetic radiation generated by the radiation source to generate energy by non-radiative decay; a second reagent proximal to the transducer, the second reagent having a lower affinity for the labelled reagent under the conditions of the assay than the first reagent; and a third reagent proximal to the transducer, the third reagent having a binding site which is capable of binding the labelled reagent, wherein the third reagent has an affinity for the labelled reagent which is less influenced than the first reagent by the concentration of the analyte or the complex or derivative of the analyte. | 05-01-2014 |
Timothy Joseph Nicholas Carter, Kent GB
Patent application number | Description | Published |
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20100285609 | SENSOR - This invention relates to a method for detecting an analyte in a sample, comprising the steps of exposing the sample to a transducer which is capable of transducing a change in energy to an electrical signal, the transducer having at least one tethered reagent on or proximal thereto, the at least one tethered reagent having a binding site which is capable of binding the analyte; introducing a labelled reagent into the sample, wherein the labelled reagent contains a binding site for the analyte or the tethered reagent and a label which is capable of absorbing electromagneticradiation generated by a radiation source to generate energy; allowing the labelled reagent to bind to the analyte or tethered reagent in a first period in which the transducer is oriented such that the labelled reagent is caused to settle, at least in part, on the transducer; subsequently, in a second period, causing the labelled reagent to become unsettled; irradiating the sample with electromagnetic radiation during the first and second periods, transducing the energy generated into an electrical signal; detecting the electrical signal. A device for performing the method is also provided. | 11-11-2010 |
Timothy Joseph Nicholas Carter, Sheppey GB
Patent application number | Description | Published |
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20080199970 | Chemical Sensing Device - This invention relates to a chemical sensing device for detecting an analyte. The device comprises a light source; at least one luminescent reagent which is capable of luminescing when irradiated by the light source wherein the luminescence of the luminescent reagent is modifiable by the analyte thereby changing the generation of heat, which change in heat generation is proportional to the concentration of the analyte, a transducer having a pyroelectric or piezoelectric element and electrodes which is capable of transducing the change in heat to an electrical signal, and a detector which is capable of converting the electrical signal into an indication of the concentration of the analyte. The invention also relates to a method for detecting an analyte. | 08-21-2008 |
20120034636 | CHEMICAL SENSING DEVICE - This invention relates to a chemical sensing device for detecting an analyte. The device comprises a light source, at least one luminescent reagent which is capable of luminescing when irradiated by the light source wherein the luminescence of the luminescent reagent is modifiable by the analyte thereby changing the generation of heat, which change in heat generation is proportional to the concentration of the analyte, a transducer having a pyroelectric or piezoelectric element and electrodes which is capable of transducing the change in heat to an electrical signal, and a detector which is capable of converting the electrical signal into an indication of the concentration of the analyte. The invention also relates to a method for detecting an analyte. | 02-09-2012 |
Timothy Joseph Nicholas Carter, Sheerness GB
Patent application number | Description | Published |
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20130315783 | SENSOR - A device for detecting an analyte in a sample, which includes a radiation source adapted to generate electromagnetic radiation; a transducer capable of transducing a change in energy to an electrical signal; at least one tethered reagent on or proximal to the transducer, the tethered reagent having a binding site which is capable of binding the analyte; a chamber for holding the sample in fluid contact with transducer, wherein the chamber is adapted to contain the sample on inversion, partial inversion or agitation of the device; and a detector which is capable of detecting the electrical signal generated by the transducer. | 11-28-2013 |
Timothy Joseph Nicholas Carter, Sittingbourne GB
Patent application number | Description | Published |
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20090087862 | Chemical Sensing Device - The present invention relates to chemical sensing and in particular to a method for detecting an analyte in a sample of whole blood. The method comprise, in summary, the steps of: exposing the sample to a transducer having a tethered reagent; introducing a labelled reagent; irradiating the sample with a series of pulses of electromagnetic radiation at a wavelength of 600 run or above; and transducing and detecting the electrical signal and the time delay between each pulse. The label on the labelled reagent absorbs the electromagnetic radiation at a level which is at least equal to the absorption of the sample of whole blood at the wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation used. | 04-02-2009 |
20090123962 | Chemical Sensing Device - The present application relates to a chemical sensing device for detecting an analyte in a liquid sample containing suspended particles. The device comprises a radiation source adapted to generate electromagnetic radiation, a transducer ( | 05-14-2009 |
20090203154 | Method for Sensing a Chemical - This invention relates to a method for detecting an analyte in a sample. The method comprises the steps of exposing the sample to a transducer having a pyroelectric or piezoelectric element and electrodes which is capable of transducing a change in energy to an electrical signal, the transducer having at least one reagent proximal thereto, the reagent having a binding site which is capable of binding the analyte or a complex or derivative of the analyte, wherein at least one of the analyte or the complex or derivative of the analyte has a label attached thereto which is capable of absorbing the electromagnetic radiation generated by the radiation source to generate energy by non-radiative decay; irradiating the reagent with a series of pulses of electromagnetic radiation, transducing the energy generated into an electrical signal; detecting the electrical signal and the time delay between each pulse of electromagnetic radiation from the radiation source and the generation of the electric signal. The time delay between each of the pulses of electromagnetic radiation and the generation of the electric signal corresponds to the position of the analyte at any of one or more positions at different distances from the surface of the transducer. The label is a nanoparticle comprising a non-conducting core material and at least one metal shell layer. | 08-13-2009 |
20110086365 | Method for Sensing a Chemical - The present invention relates to a method for detecting an analyte ( | 04-14-2011 |
20110104708 | Method for Sensing a Chemical - The present invention relates to a method for detecting an analyte ( | 05-05-2011 |
20110111428 | Method for Sensing a Chemical - The present invention relates to a method for detecting an analyte ( | 05-12-2011 |
20110182776 | SENSOR - The present application relates to a sensor ( | 07-28-2011 |
Timothy Joseph Nicholas Carter, Minster-On-Sea GB
Patent application number | Description | Published |
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20120231488 | FLUID SAMPLE COLLECTION DEVICE - Disclosed herein is a sample collection device for an aqueous fluid, such as whole blood, serum, plasma and urine. The device comprises a cartridge body defining an elongate sample collection passage that has open ends. The passage is arranged to draw the fluid into the passage by capillary action. The passage is provided along a portion of its length with a sample metering stop in the form of a hydrophobic coating arranged to prevent flow of the fluid by capillary action thereacross. A sample receiving portion of the passage extending between a collection end and the metering stop is non-linear, and preferably defines a pair of straight limbs connected by a bend. By providing a non-linear passage in this way, the maximum gravitational force which can act on the collected sample is reduced as compared to a conventional linear passage, thereby reducing the tendency of the sample to leak from the device and potentially avoiding the need for one or both ends of the passage to be sealed. The sample receiving portion of the passage may be provided with a hydrophilic coating to enhance the capillary action. A particularly suitable hydrophilic coating for a whole blood sample collection device is heparin, which may also serve as an anticoagulant for the blood. | 09-13-2012 |
Timothy Joseph Nicholas Carter, Sheerness Kent GB
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20120220023 | ANALYSIS DEVICE WITH TRANSDUCER STIFFENING ELEMENTS - Disclosed herein is an analysis device for use with an external testing apparatus to detect the presence of an analyte in a test sample. The device comprises a transducer formed of a layer of pyroelectric or piezoelectric material sandwiched between first and second electrode layers, the transducer being arranged to produce an electrical voltage across the electrode layers in response to heating or straining of the pyroelectric or piezoelectric material layer. The device also comprises first and second stiffening elements for the transducer, the transducer being sandwiched between the stiffening elements. Each of the stiffening elements defines a planar surface for maintaining the transducer in a flat condition. Each of the stiffening elements exposes a portion of a respective electrode layer of the transducer for electrically connecting the transducer to the external text apparatus. The exposed portions are laterally offset from each other such that the exposed portions are each supported across the whole of their area by the stiffening element on the opposite side of the transducer. It has been found that such an arrangement may reduce noise caused by environmental effects. | 08-30-2012 |