Patent application number | Description | Published |
20080313580 | Methodology for Hierarchy Separation at Asynchronous Clock Domain Boundaries for Multi-Voltage Optimization Using Design Compiler - This invention transforms a circuit design at an asynchronous clock boundary using a flow involving register grouping, logic modification and level shifter and isolation cell insertion. The level shifter and isolation cell inserted are tested for proper location. The transformed circuit design is suitable for power consumption control by independent control of separate voltage domains. | 12-18-2008 |
20090187715 | Prefetch Termination at Powered Down Memory Bank Boundary in Shared Memory Controller - A prefetch scheme in a shared memory multiprocessor disables the prefetch when an address falls within a powered down memory bank. A register stores a bit corresponding to each independently powered memory bank to determine whether that memory bank is prefetchable. When a memory bank is powered down, all bits corresponding to the pages in this row are masked so that they appear as non-prefetchable pages to the prefetch access generation engine preventing an access to any page in this memory bank. A powered down status bit corresponding to the memory bank is used for masking the output of the prefetch enable register. The prefetch enable register is unmodified. This also seamlessly restores the prefetch property of the memory banks when the corresponding memory row is powered up. | 07-23-2009 |
20090193270 | Power Management in Federated/Distributed Shared Memory Architecture - This invention is a power management scheme for a shared memory multiprocessor system which splits the control logic between the master-specific logic and memory bank logic. Power-down is initiated from a central power-down controller. This central power-down controller informs the master and target specific logic. Further memory accesses are blocked. All pending activities complete. The central controller then proceeds to power down the memory and informs the master and target specific logic upon completion. No requests for wakeup are initiated by master-specific logic from the time a power-down request is received until the completion of power-down. | 07-30-2009 |
20090248991 | Termination of Prefetch Requests in Shared Memory Controller - A real request from a CPU to the same memory bank as a prior prefetch request is transmitted to the per-memory bank logic along with a kill signal to terminate the prefetch request. This avoids waiting for a prefetch request to complete before sending the real request to the same memory bank. The kill signal gates off any acknowledgement of completion of the prefetch request. This invention reduces the latency for completion of a high priority real request when a low priority speculative request to a different address in the same memory bank has already been dispatched. | 10-01-2009 |
20090248992 | Upgrade of Low Priority Prefetch Requests to High Priority Real Requests in Shared Memory Controller - A prefetch controller implements an upgrade when a real read access request hits the same memory bank and memory address as a previous prefetch request. In response per-memory bank logic promotes the priority of the prefetch request to that of a read request. If the prefetch request is still waiting to win arbitration, this upgrade in priority increases the likelihood of gaining access generally reducing the latency. If the prefetch request had already gained access through arbitration, the upgrade has no effect. This thus generally reduces the latency in completion of a high priority real request when a low priority speculative prefetch was made to the same address. | 10-01-2009 |
20090249105 | Hardware Controlled Power Management of Shared Memories - This invention manages power down and wakeup of shared memories in a multiprocessor system. A register for each shared memory has bits corresponding to each master. When a master wants to power down a memory, it sets its corresponding bit in the register. A hardware power down controller for the memory bank powers the memory bank if any processor signals powering the memory bank. The hardware power down controller for the memory bank powers down the memory bank only if all processor signal powering down the memory bank. waits for all masters to set their corresponding bits in the register before initiating power down of the memories. Software running on any processor has a view of the shared memory independent of the other processors and no inter-processor communication is needed. | 10-01-2009 |
20090249106 | Automatic Wakeup Handling on Access in Shared Memory Controller - A hardware based wake-up scheme initiates memory power-up upon a normal access to a powered down memory. The access that triggered the power-up is buffered. Further accesses are stalled until the memory is completely powered up. The buffered access then proceeds to the memory and the processor is brought out of stall. In cases where the software does not directly control access to the memory, such as on a cache miss, this scheme avoids undesirable conditions due to access to powered down memories. | 10-01-2009 |
20130241690 | DIGITAL SYSTEM FOR THE DETECTION OF VARIATIONS IN OPERATING CONDITIONS OF AN INTEGRATED CIRCUIT - A system for detecting tamper events in a digital circuit by having a Critical Path Replica (CPR) circuit operable in parallel with the circuit being monitored, and adjusted to generate a timing violation if the operating parameters of the circuit change to be outside the normal operating parameters. The critical path replica circuit is adjusted to generate a timing violation before the actual circuit being monitored fails due to the changed operating parameters. | 09-19-2013 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20130008962 | LABEL FOR ENABLING VERIFICATION OF AN OBJECT - A label for enabling verification of an object includes a scannable region that enables determination of auto-acquired unique spatial orientation of the scannable region with respect to a reference thereby enabling determination of a spatial orientation of the label with respect to the reference. The label is applied onto the object and a change in the spatial orientation of the label indicates tampering of the label, thereby enabling verification of the object. Further, a method for detecting tampering of an object includes providing label on the object. The label has at least a portion which is scannable region with a plurality of patterns and is associated with an external reference point. Further, the method includes determining a first and a second spatial orientations of the label based on computation between the patterns and the reference point, and generating an alert on noticing a change between first and second spatial orientations. | 01-10-2013 |
20140169166 | PACKET TRAIN GENERATION FOR ESTIMATING AVAILABLE NETWORK BANDWIDTH - Aspects of a high-precision packet train generation process are distributed among several distinct processing elements. In some embodiments a control processor configures a packet-processing unit with a packet train context that includes details such as the number of packets to be generated and the headers to be included in the packets. The packet-processing unit takes a packet to be used in the packet train and recirculates it a number of times, as specified by the packet train context. The recirculated packets, with the appropriate headers inserted, are forwarded to a traffic-shaping queue in queuing hardware. The traffic-shaping queue is configured to output the forwarded packets with a constant inter-packet gap. Thus, the generation of the multiple packets in the packet train is handled by the packet-processing unit, while the precise inter-packet timing is provided by the traffic-shaping queue in the queuing hardware. | 06-19-2014 |
20140195545 | HIGH PERFORMANCE HASH-BASED LOOKUP FOR PACKET PROCESSING IN A COMMUNICATION NETWORK - The present invention relates to methods and apparatus for performing a lookup on a hash table stored in external memory. An index table stored in local memory is used to perform an enhanced lookup on the hash table stored in external memory. The index table stores signature patterns that are derived from the hash keys stored in the hash entries. Using the stored signature patterns, the packet processing node predicts which hash key is likely to store the desired data. The prediction may yield a false positive, but will never yield a false negative. Thus, the hash table is accessed only once during a data lookup. | 07-10-2014 |
20140217173 | LABEL FOR ENABLING VERIFICATION OF AN OBJECT - A label for enabling verification of an object includes a scannable region that enables determination of auto-acquired unique spatial orientation of the scannable region with respect to a reference thereby enabling determination of a spatial orientation of the label with respect to the reference. The label is applied onto the object and a change in the spatial orientation of the label indicates tampering of the label, thereby enabling verification of the object. Further, a method for detecting tampering of an object includes providing label on the object. The label has at least a portion which is scannable region with a plurality of patterns and is associated with an external reference point. Further, the method includes determining a first and a second spatial orientations of the label based on computation between the patterns and the reference point, and generating an alert on noticing a change between first and second spatial orientations. | 08-07-2014 |
20150078159 | PACKET TRAIN GENERATION FOR ESTIMATING AVAILABLE NETWORK BANDWIDTH - Aspects of a high-precision packet train generation process are distributed among several distinct processing elements. In some embodiments a control processor configures a packet-processing unit with a packet train context that includes details such as the number of packets to be generated and the headers to be included in the packets. The packet-processing unit takes a packet to be used in the packet train and recirculates it a number of times, as specified by the packet train context. The recirculated packets, with the appropriate headers inserted, are forwarded to a traffic-shaping queue in queuing hardware. The traffic-shaping queue is configured to output the forwarded packets with a constant inter-packet gap. Thus, the generation of the multiple packets in the packet train is handled by the packet-processing unit, while the precise inter-packet timing is provided by the traffic-shaping queue in the queuing hardware. | 03-19-2015 |
20150281054 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR HITLESS UPGRADE OF CHASSIS IN VIRTUALIZED ENVIRONMENT - Exemplary methods for upgrading route processor virtual machines (RP VMs) and line card virtual machines (LC VMs) include upgrading a second RP VM serving as a standby RPVM with a new RP VM image. The methods further include spawning, using a new LC VM image, a second set of LC VMs to serve as standby LC VMs. The methods also include performing incubation of standby VMs, by configuring a switch to forward data traffic to both the first and second set of LC VMs, thereby allowing system states of the standby VMs to be auto-populated by the data traffic. The methods further include, after the incubation has completed, swapping roles of VMs at the virtual router, such that data traffic are exchanged only between the switch and the upgraded VMs. | 10-01-2015 |
20150312155 | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR EFECTUATING PACKET DISTRIBUTION AMONG SERVERS IN A NETWORK - A packet distribution scheme for forwarding incoming packets to servers in a network. Depending on a hash value of the incoming flow's identification parameters, a hash flow table or database is queried to determine the server to which the packet is to be forwarded. If multiple flows have the same hash index and are associated with different servers, a secondary flow table or database is queried for determining the server. In an example implementation, only the secondary flow table is configured to store fully qualified flow identification parameters whereas the hash flow table is operative to store reduced or compressed state information. | 10-29-2015 |
20150332109 | LABEL FOR ENABLING VERIFICATION OF AN OBJECT - A label for enabling verification of an object includes a scannable region that enables determination of auto-acquired unique spatial orientation of the scannable region with respect to a reference thereby enabling determination of a spatial orientation of the label with respect to the reference. The label is applied onto the object and a change in the spatial orientation of the label indicates tampering of the label, thereby enabling verification of the object. Further, a method for detecting tampering of an object includes providing label on the object. The label has at least a portion which is scannable region with a plurality of patterns and is associated with an external reference point. Further, the method includes determining a first and a second spatial orientations of the label based on computation between the patterns and the reference point, and generating an alert on noticing a change between first and second spatial orientations. | 11-19-2015 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20110025701 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR CREATING AN IMAGE - A method for combining at least two images and outputting a combined image includes creating a template including a first input image having a defined area, receiving a second input image, modifying the second input image by applying an intensity relating to a plurality of pixels included in the defined area to a plurality of pixels included in the second input image and replacing the defined area with the modified second image to create an output image and displaying the output image. | 02-03-2011 |
20110289411 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR RECORDING USER INTERACTIONS WITH A VIDEO SEQUENCE - A method and system for recording user interactions with a video sequence is provided. The method includes playing a video sequence receiving a user input in the video sequence, displaying, on the video sequence, a response to the user input, and recording the response into the video sequence. | 11-24-2011 |
20120014662 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR EDITING VIDEO SEQUENCES - A method and system for editing video sequences. The method includes playing a first video sequence on a device and introducing one or more objects randomly in the first video sequence. The method further includes determining one or more randomized properties associated with the randomly inserts objects. Moreover, the method includes recording the one or more randomized properties. The system includes a device. The device includes a memory that stores one or more objects and one or more randomized properties associated with the one or more objects; a random generator that introduces the objects randomly from the memory in a first video sequence; and a processor operable to play the first video sequence including randomly introduced objects, determine the one or more randomized properties associated with the one or more objects and to record the one or more randomized properties. | 01-19-2012 |
20130311586 | METHOD OF INTERACTIVE VIDEO BLOGGING - A method and apparatus are provided for interactive video blogging. The method includes receiving, by a server, a comment attached to a video blog file from a first terminal, the comment being associated with a point of time at which the comment is displayed along with the video blog file; converting, by the server, the comment into a descriptor file; storing, by the server, the descriptor file; receiving, by the server, information on a selected one of a plurality of descriptor files stored in the server from a second terminal, the plurality of descriptor files representing a plurality of comments attached to the video blog file; and transmitting, by the server, the selected one of the plurality of descriptor files to the second terminal. | 11-21-2013 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20100172789 | METHOD OF COATING WITH CRYO-MILLED NANO-GRAINED PARTICLES - A method of coating a substrate with cryo-milled, nano-grained particles includes forming a face-centered-cubic gamma matrix comprising nickel, cobalt, chromium, tungsten and molybdenum, adding a dispersion strengthening material to the gamma matrix to form a first mixture, cryo-milling the first mixture to form a second mixture to form a nano-grained structure, and cold spraying the second mixture onto a substrate to form a coating having a nano-grained structure. | 07-08-2010 |
20100304084 | PROTECTIVE COATINGS WHICH PROVIDE EROSION RESISTANCE, AND RELATED ARTICLES AND METHODS - A coating composition is described, having a first coating layer which includes a metallic matrix in which metal carbide particles are dispersed; and a hard, dense second coating layer disposed over the first coating layer. The second coating layer is formed from a metal nitride-type material, and has an average roughness of less than about 80 micro-inches (Ra). Related articles and processes are also disclosed. | 12-02-2010 |
20100304181 | PROTECTIVE COATINGS WHICH PROVIDE EROSION RESISTANCE, AND RELATED ARTICLES AND METHODS - A coating composition is described, having a first coating layer which includes a nickel-chromium matrix in which metal carbide particles are dispersed; and a hard, dense second coating layer disposed over the first coating layer. The second coating layer is formed from a metal nitride-type material, and has an average roughness of less than about 80 micro-inches (Ra). Related articles and processes are also disclosed. | 12-02-2010 |
20110165433 | Erosion and corrosion resistant coating system for compressor - Process for providing a protective coating to a metal surface by applying a nickel or tantalum plate layer to the surface and dispersing particles of a hard material such as diamond, alumina, vanadium nitride, tantalum carbide and/or tungsten carbide within the nickel or tantalum plate layer as the plating is occurring. | 07-07-2011 |
20110312860 | WEAR-RESISTANT AND LOW-FRICTION COATINGS AND ARTICLES COATED THEREWITH - A composition for a wear-resistant and low-friction coating is presented. The coating composition includes a hard ceramic phase, a metallic binder phase and a lubricant phase. The lubricant phase includes a multi-component oxide. An article having a wear-resistant and low-friction coating and a method of making such a coating are also described. | 12-22-2011 |
20120129000 | VANADIUM RESISTANT COATING SYSTEM - A vanadium resistant coating system resistant to high temperature vanadium attack. The system comprises a high temperature superalloy substrate. A bond coat overlies the superalloy substrate. The bond coat may be applied in multiple layers. A ceramic coating overlies the bond coat. The ceramic coating further comprises a zirconium oxide stabilized by at least one cation selected from the group consisting of Yb | 05-24-2012 |
20120200304 | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR USE IN DETERMINING THE THICKNESS OF A LAYER OF INTEREST IN A MULTI-LAYER STRUCTURE - A method for use in determining the thickness of a layer of interest in a multi-layer structure. A first electrode is positioned in contact with a first surface of the multi-layer structure, and a second electrode is positioned in contact with a second surface of the multi-layer structure. The second surface is substantially opposite the first surface. The first electrode is pressed against the multi-layer structure at a predetermined sampling pressure, and the structure is optionally adjusted to a predetermined sampling temperature. The electrical impedance between the first electrode and the second electrode is measured. | 08-09-2012 |
20130042456 | SELF-LUBRICATING BRUSH SEAL ASSEMBLY AND METHOD OF REDUCING LEAKAGE - A self-lubricating brush seal assembly, for a power generation system and method of reducing air leakage in a power generation system including a plurality of self-lubricating members is provided. The plurality of self-lubricating members include a plurality of self-lubricating bristles, a plurality of cores sheathed in a self-lubricating braid, a plurality of cores having an outer diameter coated with self-lubricating material and a solid lubricating pack. The lubricating material is selected from graphite, hexagonal-boron nitrite (hBN), molybdenum disulfide (MoS | 02-21-2013 |
20130084399 | COATING COMPOSITION, A PROCESS OF APPLYING A COATING, AND A PROCESS OF FORMING A COATING COMPOSITION - A coating composition, a process of applying a coating having a coating composition, and a process of forming a coating composition are disclosed. The coating composition includes an alloy and an oxide component comprising nickel oxide. The process of applying the coating includes cold spraying the coating onto the article. The process of forming the coating composition includes blending and milling the alloy with the oxide component. | 04-04-2013 |
20130101459 | TITANIUM ALUMINIDE APPLICATION PROCESS AND ARTICLE WITH TITANIUM ALUMINIDE SURFACE - A titanium aluminide application process and article with a titanium aluminide surface are disclosed. The process includes cold spraying titanium aluminide onto an article within a treatment region to form a titanium aluminide surface. The titanium aluminide surface includes a refined gamma/alpha2 structure and/or the titanium aluminide is cold sprayed from a solid feedstock of a pre-alloyed powder. | 04-25-2013 |
20130115867 | ENCLOSURE SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR APPLYING COATING - An enclosure system is provided having a shroud configured to cover at least a portion of a shaft. The shroud includes an input port and an output port. The input port is configured to accept at least one of a coating tool and an abrasive supplying tool. The output port is connected to a vacuum system. | 05-09-2013 |
20130177437 | PROCESSES FOR COATING A TURBINE ROTOR AND ARTICLES THEREOF - A process for applying a hard coating to a turbine rotor comprising providing a turbine rotor having at least one surface; applying a first coating to the at least one surface, the first coating being cold sprayed onto the at least one surface; applying a second coating onto the first coating to form the hard coating, wherein the hard coating is configured to substantially resist wear of a brush seal in physical communication with the turbine rotor. | 07-11-2013 |
20130177705 | APPLYING BOND COAT USING COLD SPRAYING PROCESSES AND ARTICLES THEREOF - A process for applying a bond coat layer to a substrate includes cold spraying a first powdered material onto a surface of the substrate at a first velocity, wherein the first powdered material has a first particle size distribution; and cold spraying a second powdered material onto the surface at a second velocity to form the bond coat layer, wherein the second powdered material has a second particle size distribution and the bond coat layer comprises a microstructure comprising at least the first and second particle sizes. | 07-11-2013 |
20130180432 | COATING, A TURBINE COMPONENT, AND A PROCESS OF FABRICATING A TURBINE COMPONENT - Disclosed is a coating, a turbine component, and a process of fabricating a turbine component. The coating includes a ceramic phase formed by ceramic particles and a ductile matrix having a ductility greater than the ceramic phase. The ceramic phase includes substantially the same microstructure as the ceramic particles. The turbine component includes a surface having the coating. The process includes applying the coating to the surface of the turbine component. | 07-18-2013 |
20130340403 | EROSION AND CORROSION RESISTANT COATINGS FOR EXHAUST GAS RECIRCULATION BASED GAS TURBINES - A compressor blade for use in a compressor section of a gas turbine engine, comprising: a martensitic stainless steel compressor blade and an abrasive coating having an anodic component. The compressor blade has a blade portion, a dovetail portion and a platform portion intermediate the blade portion and the dovetail portion, the blade portion terminating in a tip opposite the dovetail portion. A cobalt-based coating overlies at least the blade portion of the compressor blade. The cobalt-based coating comprises a cobalt based material that includes precipitates of tungsten carbide that provide erosion resistance and particles of a sacrificial metal-based material distributed through the cobalt-based coating that provide galvanic corrosion resistance to the system. | 12-26-2013 |
20140147242 | SEAL SYSTEMS FOR USE IN TURBOMACHINES AND METHODS OF FABRICATING THE SAME - A seal system, for an apparatus that includes a rotatable portion with airfoils coupled thereto and a stationary portion with an inner surface, includes an abradable portion including at least one abradable layer of an abradable material formed over the inner surface. The seal system also includes an abrading portion disposed over at least a portion of a substrate of the airfoil. The abrading portion includes at least one abrading layer formed on at least a portion of the substrate and a plurality of abrasive particles embedded within the abrading layer. The plurality of abrasive particles includes at least one of substantially all of one of tantalum carbide (TaC), aluminum oxide (Al | 05-29-2014 |
20140190834 | PLATING PROCESS - A plated component and a plating process are disclosed. The plating process includes applying a material to a region of a component, the material being selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt, chromium, iron, aluminum, or a combination thereof. The region includes a single crystal microstructure, includes a directionally solidified microstructure, is substantially devoid of equiaxed microstructure, or a combination thereof. The applying includes electroplating, electroless plating, or the electroplating and the electroless plating. The plated component includes an electroplated region, an intermediate layer on the electroplated region, and an overlay coating on the intermediate layer. | 07-10-2014 |
20140272467 | CALCIUM-MAGNESIUM-ALUMINOSILICATE RESISTANT COATING AND PROCESS OF FORMING A CALCIUM-MAGNESIUM-ALUMINOSILICATE RESISTANT COATING - A process of forming a calcium-magnesium-aluminosilicate (CMAS) penetration resistant coating, and a CMAS penetration resistant coating are disclosed. The process includes providing a thermal barrier coating having a dopant, and exposing the thermal barrier coating to calcium-magnesium-aluminosilicate and gas turbine operating conditions. The exposing forming a calcium-magnesium-aluminosilicate penetration resistant layer. The coating includes a thermal barrier coating composition comprising a dopant selected from the group consisting of rare earth elements, non-rare earth element solutes, and combinations thereof. Additional or alternatively, the coating includes a thermal barrier coating and an impermeable barrier layer or a washable sacrificial layer positioned on an outer surface of the thermal barrier coating. | 09-18-2014 |
20140308479 | ARCHITECTURES FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE TBCs WITH ULTRA LOW THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY AND ABRADABILITY AND METHOD OF MAKING - A method for fabricating thermal barrier coatings. The thermal barrier coatings are produced with a fine grain size by reverse co-precipitation of fine powders. The powders are then sprayed by a solution plasma spray that partially melts the fine powders while producing a fine grain size with dense vertical cracking. The coatings comprise at least one of 45%-65% Yb | 10-16-2014 |
20150233256 | NOVEL ARCHITECTURES FOR ULTRA LOW THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY THERMAL BARRIER COATINGS WITH IMPROVED EROSION AND IMPACT PROPERTIES - A thermal barrier coating system for metal components in a gas turbine engine having an ultra low thermal conductivity and high erosion resistance, comprising an oxidation-resistant bond coat formed from an aluminum rich material such as MCrAlY and a thermal insulating ceramic layer over the bond coat comprising a zirconium or hafnium oxide lattice structure (ZrO | 08-20-2015 |
20150247413 | COATED ARTICLE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING COATING - A coated article and a method for producing a coating are disclosed. Producing the coating includes providing a substrate defining a substrate surface having a substrate erosion resistance and applying a matrix and ceramic particles to the substrate surface. The matrix includes an anodic material having an anodic erosion resistance. The ceramic particles include a first ceramic having a first ceramic erosion resistance and a second ceramic having a second ceramic erosion resistance. The first ceramic erosion resistance is greater than the second ceramic erosion resistance, greater than the anodic erosion resistance, and greater than the substrate erosion resistance. The second ceramic interacts inchoately with the anodic material during the applying to form modified ceramic particles and modified anodic material formations. The modified ceramic particles are capable of forming a passive oxide film. The coated article includes the substrate and the coating on the substrate surface. | 09-03-2015 |
20150308275 | COATING METHOD AND COATED ARTICLE - A coating method and a coated article are disclosed. Forming a coating includes providing a substrate having a substrate surface, forming on the substrate surface at least one bond coating layer defining a bond coating surface, and forming on the bond coating surface at least one oxide coating layer defining an oxide coating surface. A coated article includes a substrate having the coating formed thereupon. The oxide coating layer is more resistive to increasing the oxide coating surface roughness (R | 10-29-2015 |
20160102212 | COATING, COATING SYSTEM, AND COATING METHOD - A coating, a coating system, and a coating method are provided. The coating includes between about 0.25-35% filler particles embedded in a chrome phosphate binder matrix comprising a balance of the coating by volume. The filler particles have a size in the range from nanosize to six microns with an aspect ratio of from 1:1 to 3:1, and include up to 100% by weight lubricious particles with a balance hard particles. The lubricious particles are selected from the group consisting of boron nitride (BN), titanium nitride (TiN), titanium oxide (TiO | 04-14-2016 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20130297798 | TWO LEVEL PACKET DISTRIBUTION WITH STATELESS FIRST LEVEL PACKET DISTRIBUTION TO A GROUP OF SERVERS AND STATEFUL SECOND LEVEL PACKET DISTRIBUTION TO A SERVER WITHIN THE GROUP - A method, in one or more network elements that are in communication between clients that transmit packets and servers, of distributing the packets among the servers which are to process the packets. Stickiness of flows to servers assigned to process them is provided. A packet of a flow is received at a static first level packet distribution module. A group of servers is statically selected for the packet of the flow with the first level module. State that assigns the packet of the flow to the selected group of servers is not used. The packet of the flow is distributed to a distributed stateful second level packet distribution system. A server of the selected group is statefully selected with the second level system by accessing state that assigns processing of packets of the flow to the selected server. The packet of the flow is distributed to the selected server. | 11-07-2013 |
20130301641 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PACKET CLASSIFICATION - In one aspect, the present invention reduces the amount of low-latency memory needed for rules-based packet classification by representing a packet classification rules database in compressed form. A packet processing rules database, e.g., an ACL database comprising multiple ACEs, is preprocessed to obtain corresponding rule fingerprints. These rule fingerprints are much smaller than the rules and are easily accommodated in on-chip or other low-latency memory that is generally available to the classification engine in limited amounts. The rules database in turn can be stored in off-chip or other higher-latency memory, as initial matching operations involve only the packet key of the subject packet and the fingerprint database. The rules database is accessed for full packet classification only if a tentative match is found between the packet key and an entry in the fingerprint database. Thus, the present invention also advantageously minimizes accesses to the rules database. | 11-14-2013 |
20140119193 | METHOD FOR DYNAMIC LOAD BALANCING OF NETWORK FLOWS ON LAG INTERFACES - A method is implemented by a network element to improve load sharing for a link aggregation group by redistributing data flows to less congested ports in a set of ports associated with the link aggregation group. The network element receives a data packet in a data flow at an ingress port of the network element. A load sharing process is performed to select an egress port of the network element. A check is whether the selected egress port is congested. A check is made whether a time since a previous data packet in the data flow was received exceeds a threshold value. A less congested egress port is identified in the set of ports. A flow table is updated to bind the data flow to the less congested egress port and the data packet is forwarded to the less congested egress port. | 05-01-2014 |
20140169166 | PACKET TRAIN GENERATION FOR ESTIMATING AVAILABLE NETWORK BANDWIDTH - Aspects of a high-precision packet train generation process are distributed among several distinct processing elements. In some embodiments a control processor configures a packet-processing unit with a packet train context that includes details such as the number of packets to be generated and the headers to be included in the packets. The packet-processing unit takes a packet to be used in the packet train and recirculates it a number of times, as specified by the packet train context. The recirculated packets, with the appropriate headers inserted, are forwarded to a traffic-shaping queue in queuing hardware. The traffic-shaping queue is configured to output the forwarded packets with a constant inter-packet gap. Thus, the generation of the multiple packets in the packet train is handled by the packet-processing unit, while the precise inter-packet timing is provided by the traffic-shaping queue in the queuing hardware. | 06-19-2014 |
20140195545 | HIGH PERFORMANCE HASH-BASED LOOKUP FOR PACKET PROCESSING IN A COMMUNICATION NETWORK - The present invention relates to methods and apparatus for performing a lookup on a hash table stored in external memory. An index table stored in local memory is used to perform an enhanced lookup on the hash table stored in external memory. The index table stores signature patterns that are derived from the hash keys stored in the hash entries. Using the stored signature patterns, the packet processing node predicts which hash key is likely to store the desired data. The prediction may yield a false positive, but will never yield a false negative. Thus, the hash table is accessed only once during a data lookup. | 07-10-2014 |
20140369204 | METHODS OF LOAD BALANCING USING PRIMARY AND STAND-BY ADDRESSES AND RELATED LOAD BALANCERS AND SERVERS - A first data packet of a data flow may be addressed to a primary address and include information for the data flow and a bucket ID may be computed based on the information. Responsive to the bucket ID mapping to first and second servers and the first data packet being addressed to the primary address, the first data packet may be transmitted to the first server. A second data packet may be received addressed to a stand-by address and including the information for the data flow, and a bucket ID may be computed based on the information with the bucket IDs for the first and second packets being the same. Responsive to the bucket ID for the second data packet mapping to first and second servers and the second data packet being addressed to the stand-by address, the second data packet may be transmitted to the second server. | 12-18-2014 |
20140372567 | METHODS OF FORWARDING DATA PACKETS USING TRANSIENT TABLES AND RELATED LOAD BALANCERS - Methods may be provided to forward data packets to a plurality of servers with each server being identified by a respective server identification (ID). A non-initial data packet of a data flow may be received, with the non-initial data packet including information for the data flow, and a bucket ID for the non-initial data packet may be computed as a function of the information for the data flow. Responsive to the bucket ID for the data packet mapping to first and second server identifications (IDs) of respective first and second servers and responsive to the non-initial data packet being a non-initial data packet for the data flow, the non-initial data packet may be transmitted to one of the first and second servers using one of the first and second server IDs based on a flow identification of the data flow being included in a transient table for the bucket ID. | 12-18-2014 |
20140372616 | METHODS OF FORWARDING/RECEIVING DATA PACKETS USING UNICAST AND/OR MULTICAST COMMUNICATIONS AND RELATED LOAD BALANCERS AND SERVERS - Data packets may be forwarded to servers identified by respective server IDs. A mapping table includes bucket IDs identifying respective buckets. The mapping table maps: a first bucket ID to a first server ID as a current server ID; a second bucket ID to a second server IDs as a current server ID; and the first bucket ID to a third server ID as an old server ID. A data packet of a data flow may be received, and a bucket ID may be computed for the data packet. Responsive to computing the first bucket ID as the bucket ID for the data flow and responsive to the mapping table mapping the first bucket ID to the to the first server ID as the current server ID and to the third server ID as the old server ID, the data packet may be transmitted to the first server and/or to the third server. | 12-18-2014 |
20150016255 | REMOVING LEAD FILTER FROM SERIAL MULTIPLE-STAGE FILTER USED TO DETECT LARGE FLOWS IN ORDER TO PURGE FLOWS FOR PROLONGED OPERATION - A network device to detect large flows includes a card to receive packets of flows. The device includes a large flow detection module including a serial multiple-stage filter module including series filter modules including a lead filter module and a tail filter module. Each filter module includes counters. The serial filter module is to serially increment the counters to reflect the flows, and is to increment counters that correspond to flows of subsequent filter modules only after all counters that correspond to the flows of all prior filter modules have been incremented serially up to maximum values. The serial filter module is to detect flows that correspond to counters of the tail filter module that have been incremented up to maximum values as the large flows. The large flow detection module includes a lead filter removal module to remove the lead filter module from the start of the series. | 01-15-2015 |
20150078159 | PACKET TRAIN GENERATION FOR ESTIMATING AVAILABLE NETWORK BANDWIDTH - Aspects of a high-precision packet train generation process are distributed among several distinct processing elements. In some embodiments a control processor configures a packet-processing unit with a packet train context that includes details such as the number of packets to be generated and the headers to be included in the packets. The packet-processing unit takes a packet to be used in the packet train and recirculates it a number of times, as specified by the packet train context. The recirculated packets, with the appropriate headers inserted, are forwarded to a traffic-shaping queue in queuing hardware. The traffic-shaping queue is configured to output the forwarded packets with a constant inter-packet gap. Thus, the generation of the multiple packets in the packet train is handled by the packet-processing unit, while the precise inter-packet timing is provided by the traffic-shaping queue in the queuing hardware. | 03-19-2015 |
20150092549 | SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR HIGH THROUGHPUT TRAFFIC PATTERN GENERATION - A method of generating network traffic in a network device of a data communication network includes providing traffic generation parameters in the network device that describe a desired traffic pattern to be generated by the network device, generating a trigger packet in the network device, the trigger packet specifying a drop precedence for packets generated by the network device in a state defined by the trigger packet, replicating the trigger packet to provide a packet train, selectively dropping one or more packets in the packet train based on the drop precedence specified in the trigger packet, and transmitting the packet train from the network device. | 04-02-2015 |
20150117216 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR LOAD BALANCING AT A DATA NETWORK - A method of load balancing implemented at a data network is disclosed. The data network contains a number of data plane nodes and a number of clusters of a control node. The method starts with deriving a graph from a topology of the data plane nodes, where the graph contains vertices, each representing one of the data plane nodes, and edges, each representing a connection between a pair of data plane nodes. The method continues with partitioning the graph into a number of sub-graphs, where the partition aims at minimizing connectivity among the number of sub-graphs, and where the number of sub-graphs equal to the number of clusters. The control node then assigns each cluster to one of the data plane nodes, where each cluster is assigned to one or more data plane node partitioned into the same sub-graph. | 04-30-2015 |
20150149812 | Self-Debugging Router Platform - Exemplary methods for network debugging include a control plane of a first network device generating and injecting debug traffic into a data plane of the first network device such that the debug traffic appears to the data plane as if it originated from an external network device. The methods include the data plane transmitting the debug traffic to a network. In one embodiment, the control plane collects debug information of the debug traffic as it is processed by the data plane and the network. In one embodiment, the first network device is configured to exchange debug information of the debug traffic with a second network device, and to provide the debug information to an operator. | 05-28-2015 |
20150222550 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR SUPPORTING PACKET PRIORITIZATION AT A DATA NETWORK - A method of packet prioritization at a data network is disclosed. The data network contains a number of data plane nodes carrying user traffic and a control node managing the data plane nodes. The method starts with receiving a packet at a data plane node. The data plane node determines that it needs help from the control node for processing the received packet. It then quantizes a congestion level at the data plane node and encoding the quantized congestion level in the packet, where a number of bits in the packet indicates the quantized congestion level. It sends a portion of the packet from the data plane node to the control node, where the portion of the packet includes the number of bits encoding the quantized congestion level. | 08-06-2015 |
20150312155 | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR EFECTUATING PACKET DISTRIBUTION AMONG SERVERS IN A NETWORK - A packet distribution scheme for forwarding incoming packets to servers in a network. Depending on a hash value of the incoming flow's identification parameters, a hash flow table or database is queried to determine the server to which the packet is to be forwarded. If multiple flows have the same hash index and are associated with different servers, a secondary flow table or database is queried for determining the server. In an example implementation, only the secondary flow table is configured to store fully qualified flow identification parameters whereas the hash flow table is operative to store reduced or compressed state information. | 10-29-2015 |
20160080481 | METHODS OF OPERATING LOAD BALANCING SWITCHES AND CONTROLLERS USING MODIFIED FLOW ENTRIES - A method of operating a load balancing switch may include providing a flow entry in a flow table, the flow entry may include a match pattern that is satisfied by a data flow identification, and the flow entry may identify a first server. A first data packet including a first data flow identification may be received, and the first data packet may be transmitted to the first server responsive to the first data flow identification satisfying the match pattern. After transmitting the first data packet to the first server, the flow entry may be modified so that the flow entry identifies the first server and a second server. After modifying the flow entry, a second data packet including a second data flow identification may be received, and the second data packet may be transmitted to the first and second servers responsive to the second data flow identification satisfying the match pattern. | 03-17-2016 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20110226066 | Flexible, Stretchable, and Distributed Strain Sensors - Methods and systems for sensing strain are disclosed. A thin film sensor includes a thin film polymer matrix that has two electrical terminals, conductive nanoparticles dispersed within the polymer matrix, and carbon nanotubes dispersed within the polymer matrix. The thin film sensor has a resistivity across the two electrical terminals that varies with a magnitude of strain applied to the thin film sensor. Strain may be sensed by applying a voltage to the thin film sensor, and an electrical response of the thin film sensor may be detected due to a strain present across the sensor. A magnitude of the strain can be determined based on the electrical response. Methods and systems for a memristor are also disclosed. The memristor has a resistivity that varies with a time-varying voltage input and with a time-varying strain input. | 09-22-2011 |
20110230788 | Methods And Systems For Sensing On Body Of Patient - Methods and systems for identifying a strain history of a portion of a body of a patient are disclosed. The method includes measuring an electrical response of at least one thin-film sensor of a sensor apparatus that is applied to the portion of the body of the patient to obtain a reference signal. The at least one thin-film sensor includes an electrically resistant material, conductive nanoparticles dispersed substantially throughout the electrically resistant material, and conductive nano-structures dispersed substantially throughout the electrically resistant material. The electrical response of the at least one thin-film sensor is monitored to detect changes in the electrical response. Based on the changes in the electrical response, a strain history of the at least one thin-film sensor is determined. A strain history for the portion of the body of the patient is identified based on the strain history of the at least one thin-film sensor. | 09-22-2011 |
20110241490 | Polymer Metal Composite Membranes - Systems and methods of harvesting and converting naturally occurring energy are described that include exposing a material to an ambient condition and harvesting at least a portion of energy that is created. Energy harvesting from fluidic and flow environments or vibration can be accomplished using types of energy harvesters, such as flexible polymers. Active materials or Electro-Active Polymer (EAP)-metal composite thin films like Ionic Polymers, Piezoceramic materials, and electromagnetic systems may be used as mechanical to electrical energy transducers. One type of an ionic EAP is ionic polymer-metal composite (IPMC), which includes a base polymer membrane that may be coated with a metal to act as a surface electrode. The surface electrode may be silver (Ag) nanoparticles. The silver nanoparticle functionalized IPMC can be used to convert mechanical vibrations and fluidic flow to electrical energy to power wireless devices and microelectronic systems, for example. | 10-06-2011 |
20130264936 | COLD FIELD EMISSION CATHODE USING CARBON NANOTUBES - Devices for use in cold-field emission and methods of forming the device are generally presented. In one example, a method may include providing a conductive base, dispersing carbon-filled acrylic onto the conductive base to form a conductive film, coupling a copper plate to a first side of the conductive film, and irradiating the conductive film. The method may further include dispersing carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on a second side of the conductive film to form a substantially uniform layer of CNTs, removing excess CNTs from the second side, and curing the conductive film. In one example, a device may include a polycarbonate base, a layer of carbon-filled acrylic on one side of the polycarbonate base and a layer of irradiated carbon-filled acrylic on the other, a copper plate coupled to the carbon-filled acrylic, and a substantially uniform layer of randomly aligned CNTs dispersed on the irradiated carbon-filled acrylic. | 10-10-2013 |