AMINE COMPOUND AND ORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING DEVICE INCLUDING THE SAME

Abstract

An amine compound is represented by Formula 1. An organic light-emitting device includes: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; and an organic layer between the first electrode and the second electrode and including an emission layer, wherein the organic light-emitting device includes at least one of the amine compound.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

[0001] This application claims priority to and the benefit of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2018-0088151, filed on Jul. 27, 2018, in the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the entire content of which is incorporated herein by reference.

BACKGROUND

1. Field

[0002] Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to an amine compound and an organic light-emitting device including the same.

2. Description of the Related Art

[0003] Organic light-emitting devices are self-emission devices that produce full-color images, and also have wide viewing angles, high contrast ratios, short response times, and excellent characteristics in terms of brightness, driving voltage, and response speed, as compared to other devices in the art.

[0004] An example of such organic light-emitting devices may include a first electrode on a substrate, and a hole transport region, an emission layer, an electron transport region, and a second electrode, which are sequentially on the first electrode. Holes provided from the first electrode may move toward the emission layer through the hole transport region, and electrons provided from the second electrode may move toward the emission layer through the electron transport region. Carriers, such as holes and electrons, recombine in the emission layer to produce excitons. These excitons transit (e.g., transition or relax) from an excited state to a ground state, thereby generating light.

SUMMARY

[0005] Provided are an amine compound and an organic light-emitting device including the same.

[0006] Additional aspects of embodiments will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the presented embodiments.

[0007] An aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an amine compound represented by Formula 1:

##STR00001##

[0008] In Formulae 1 and 2,

[0009] X.sub.1 may be N or C(R.sub.1),

[0010] X.sub.2 may be N or C(R.sub.2),

[0011] X.sub.3 may be N or C(R.sub.3),

[0012] X.sub.4 may be N or C(R.sub.4),

[0013] L.sub.1 to L.sub.2 and L.sub.11 to L.sub.14 may each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-C.sub.60 carbocyclic group or a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heterocyclic group,

[0014] a11 to a14 may each independently be an integer from 0 to 5,

[0015] Ar.sub.1 to Ar.sub.3 may each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, --Si(Q.sub.1)(Q.sub.2)(Q.sub.3), --N(Q.sub.1)(Q.sub.2), --B(Q.sub.1)(Q.sub.2), --C(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.1), --S(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.1), or --P(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.1)(Q.sub.2),

[0016] Ar.sub.4 may be a group represented by Formula 2,

[0017] X.sub.10 may be N(R.sub.31), O, S, C(R.sub.32)(R.sub.33), or Si(R.sub.34)(R.sub.35),

[0018] A.sub.10 and A.sub.20 may each independently be a C.sub.5-C.sub.60 carbocyclic group or a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heterocyclic group,

[0019] R.sub.1 to R.sub.4, R.sub.10 to R.sub.20, and R.sub.31 to R.sub.35 may each independently be hydrogen, deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, --Si(Q.sub.1)(Q.sub.2)(Q.sub.3), --N(Q.sub.1)(Q.sub.2), --B(Q.sub.1)(Q.sub.2), --C(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.1), --S(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.1), or --P(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.1)(Q.sub.2),

[0020] any two neighboring groups selected from R.sub.1 to R.sub.4, R.sub.10 to R.sub.20, and R.sub.32 to R.sub.35 may optionally be linked to each other to form a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.4-C.sub.60 carbocyclic group or a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-C.sub.60 heterocyclic group,

[0021] b10 and b20 may each independently be an integer from 1 to 8,

[0022] at least one substituent of the substituted C.sub.3-C.sub.60 carbocyclic group, the substituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heterocyclic group, the substituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkyl group, the substituted C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkenyl group, the substituted C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkynyl group, the substituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkoxy group, the substituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group, the substituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkyl group, the substituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenyl group, the substituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenyl group, the substituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, the substituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryloxy group, the substituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylthio group, the substituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group may be selected from:

[0023] deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkenyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkynyl group, and a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkoxy group;

[0024] a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkenyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkynyl group, and a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkoxy group, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkyl group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryloxy group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylthio group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, --Si(Q.sub.11)(Q.sub.12)(Q.sub.13), --N(Q.sub.11)(Q.sub.12), --B(Q.sub.11)(Q.sub.12), --C(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.11), --S(.dbd.O).sub.2(Q.sub.11), and --P(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.11)(Q.sub.12);

[0025] a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkyl group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryloxy group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylthio group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group;

[0026] a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkyl group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryloxy group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylthio group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkenyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkynyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkoxy group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkyl group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryloxy group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylthio group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, --Si(Q.sub.21)(Q.sub.22)(Q.sub.23), --N(Q.sub.21)(Q.sub.22), --B(Q.sub.21)(Q.sub.22), --C(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.21), --S(.dbd.O).sub.2(Q.sub.21), and --P(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.21)(Q.sub.22); and

[0027] --Si(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32)(Q.sub.33), --N(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32), --B(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32), --C(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.31), --S(.dbd.O).sub.2(Q.sub.31), and --P(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32), and

[0028] Q.sub.1 to Q.sub.3, Q.sub.11 to Q.sub.13, Q.sub.21 to Q.sub.23, and Q.sub.31 to Q.sub.33 may each independently be selected from hydrogen, deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkenyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkynyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkoxy group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkyl group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, a biphenyl group, and a terphenyl group.

[0029] Another aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an organic light-emitting device including: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; and an organic layer between the first electrode and the second electrode and including an emission layer, wherein the organic light-emitting device includes at least one of the amine compound.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The accompanying drawings, together with the specification, illustrate embodiments of the subject matter of the present disclosure, and, together with the description, serve to explain principles of embodiments of the subject matter of the present disclosure.

[0031] FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an organic light-emitting device according to an embodiment;

[0032] FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an organic light-emitting device according to another embodiment;

[0033] FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an organic light-emitting device according to another embodiment; and

[0034] FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an organic light-emitting device according to another embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] Reference will now be made in more detail to embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout. In this regard, the present embodiments may have different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the descriptions set forth herein. Accordingly, the embodiments are merely described below, by referring to the figures, to explain aspects of embodiments of the present description. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. Expressions such as "at least one of," when preceding a list of elements, modify the entire list of elements and do not modify the individual elements of the list.

[0036] According to an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided an amine compound represented by Formula 1:

##STR00002##

[0037] In Formula 1, X.sub.1 may be N or C(R.sub.1), X.sub.2 may be N or C(R.sub.2), X.sub.3 may be N or C(R.sub.3), X.sub.4 may be N or C(R.sub.4).

[0038] In one embodiment, X.sub.1 may be C(R.sub.1), X.sub.2 may be C(R.sub.2), X.sub.3 may be C(R.sub.3), and X.sub.4 may be C(R.sub.4).

[0039] In Formula 1, L.sub.1 to L.sub.2 and L.sub.11 to L.sub.14 may each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-C.sub.60 carbocyclic group or a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heterocyclic group.

[0040] In one embodiment, L.sub.1 to L.sub.2 and L.sub.11 to L.sub.14 may each independently be selected from:

[0041] a phenylene group, a pentalenylene group, an indenylene group, a naphthylene group, an azulenylene group, a heptalenylene group, an indacenylene group, an acenaphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, a spiro-bifluorenylene group, a spiro-fluorene-benzofluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, a dibenzofluorenylene group, a phenalenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylene group, a naphthacenylene group, a picenylene group, a perylenylene group, a pentaphenylene group, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, a rubicenylene group, a coronenylene group, and an ovalenylene group; and

[0042] a phenylene group, a pentalenylene group, an indenylene group, a naphthylene group, an azulenylene group, a heptalenylene group, an indacenylene group, an acenaphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, a spiro-bifluorenylene group, a spiro-fluorene-benzofluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, a dibenzofluorenylene group, a phenalenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylene group, a naphthacenylene group, a picenylene group, a perylenylene group, a pentaphenylene group, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, a rubicenylene group, a coronenylene group, and an ovalenylene group, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a rubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, an indolyl group, an indazolyl group, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzosilolylene group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, --Si(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32)(Q.sub.33), --N(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32), --B(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32), --C(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.31), --S(.dbd.O).sub.2(Q.sub.31), and --P(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32), and

[0043] Q.sub.31 to Q.sub.33 may each independently be selected from a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a phenyl group substituted with a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, and a naphthyl group.

[0044] In one embodiment, L.sub.1 to L.sub.2 may each independently be selected from:

[0045] a benzene group; and

[0046] a benzene group substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkenyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkynyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkoxy group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkyl group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryloxy group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylthio group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, --Si(Q.sub.21)(Q.sub.22)(Q.sub.23), --N(Q.sub.21)(Q.sub.22), --B(Q.sub.21)(Q.sub.22), --C(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.21), --S(.dbd.O).sub.2(Q.sub.21), and --P(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.21)(Q.sub.22).

[0047] In one or more embodiment, L.sub.1 to L.sub.2 and L.sub.11 to L.sub.14 may each independently be a group represent represented by one of Formulae 3-1 to 3-26:

##STR00003## ##STR00004## ##STR00005## ##STR00006##

[0048] In Formulae 3-1 to 3-26,

[0049] Z.sub.1 to Z.sub.4 may each independently be selected from hydrogen, deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazine group, a hydrazone group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof, a phosphoric acid group or a salt thereof, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20alkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a triazinyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, and --Si(Q.sub.33)(Q.sub.34)(Q.sub.35), and

[0050] Q.sub.33 to Q.sub.35 may each independently be selected from a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, and a naphthyl group,

[0051] d2 may be an integer from 0 to 2,

[0052] d3 may be an integer from 0 to 3,

[0053] d4 may be an integer from 0 to 4,

[0054] d5 may be an integer from 0 to 5,

[0055] d6 may be an integer from 0 to 6,

[0056] d8 may be an integer from 0 to 8, and

[0057] * and *' each indicate a binding site to a neighboring atom.

[0058] For example, L.sub.1 to L.sub.2 may each independently be a group represented by Formula 3-1.

[0059] In Formula 1, a11 to a14 may each independently be an integer from 0 to 5.

[0060] In one embodiment, i) a11 to a14 may each independently be 0, or ii) all may be 1, and a12 to a14 may each independently be 0.

[0061] For example, i) a11 to a14 may each independently be 0, or ii) a11 may be 1, a12 to a14 may each independently be 0, and L.sub.11 may be a phenylene group.

[0062] In one embodiment, the amine compound of Formula 1 may be represented by Formula 10:

##STR00007##

[0063] In Formula 10,

[0064] L.sub.11 to L.sub.14, a11 to a14, and Ar.sub.1 to Ar.sub.4 are each independently defined the same as L.sub.11 to L.sub.14, a11 to a14, and Ar.sub.1 to Ar.sub.4,

[0065] R.sub.11 to R.sub.13 are each independently defined the same as R.sub.1 to R.sub.4, R.sub.10 to R.sub.20, and R.sub.31 to R.sub.35, and

[0066] b11 to b13 may each independently be an integer from 0 to 4.

[0067] For example, R.sub.11 to R.sub.13 may each independently be hydrogen, deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, --Si(Q.sub.4)(Q.sub.5)(Q.sub.6), --N(Q.sub.4)(Q.sub.5), --B(Q.sub.4)(Q.sub.5), --C(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.4), --S(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.4), or --P(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.4)(Q.sub.5), and

[0068] Q.sub.4 to Q.sub.6 may each independently be selected from hydrogen, deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkenyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkynyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkoxy group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkyl group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, a biphenyl group, and a terphenyl group.

[0069] In one or more embodiments, in Formula 10, R.sub.11 to R.sub.13 may each independently be selected from:

[0070] hydrogen, deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isobutyl group, a sec-butyl group, ter-butyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a biphenyl group, and a terphenyl group; and

[0071] a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isobutyl group, a sec-butyl group, ter-butyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a biphenyl group, and a terphenyl group, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isobutyl group, a sec-butyl group, ter-butyl group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a biphenyl group, and a terphenyl group.

[0072] For example, b12 may be an integer from 1 to 4, and R.sub.12 may be a phenyl group or a naphthyl group.

[0073] In Formula 1, Ar.sub.1 to Ar.sub.3 may each independently be a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, --Si(Q.sub.1)(Q.sub.2)(Q.sub.3), --N(Q.sub.1)(Q.sub.2), --B(Q.sub.1)(Q.sub.2), --C(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.1), --S(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.1), or --P(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.1)(Q.sub.2).

[0074] In one embodiment, Ar.sub.1 to Ar.sub.3 may each independently be selected from:

[0075] a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorene-benzofluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a silolyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a biphenyl group, and a terphenyl group; and

[0076] a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorene-benzofluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a silolyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a biphenyl group, and a terphenyl group, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isobutyl group, a sec-butyl group, ter-butyl group, pentyl group, an isoamyl group, a hexyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorene-benzofluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a silolyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, an indazolyl group, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a benzosilolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a carbazolyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, an oxazolopyridinyl group, a thiazolopyridinyl group, a benzonaphthyridinyl group, an azafluorenyl group, an azaspiro-bifluorenyl group, an azacarbazolyl group, an azadibenzofuranyl group, an azadibenzothiophenyl group, an azadibenzosilolyl group, a biphenyl group, and a terphenyl group.

[0077] In one or more embodiments, Ar.sub.1 to Ar.sub.3 may each independently be selected from:

[0078] a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorene-benzofluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a carbazolyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a biphenyl group, and a terphenyl group; and

[0079] a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorene-benzofluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a carbazolyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a biphenyl group, and a terphenyl group, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isobutyl group, a sec-butyl group, and a ter-butyl group.

[0080] In one or more embodiments, Ar.sub.1 to Ar.sub.3 may each independently be a group represented by one of Formulae 5-1 to 5-11:

##STR00008## ##STR00009##

[0081] In Formulae 5-1 to 5-11,

[0082] Y.sub.31 may be O, S, C(Z.sub.34)(Z.sub.35), or Si(Z.sub.36)(Z.sub.37),

[0083] Z.sub.31 and Z.sub.37 may each independently be selected from hydrogen, deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazole group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an indazolyl group, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, and an azacarbazolyl group,

[0084] e3 may be an integer from 0 to 3,

[0085] e4 may be an integer from 0 to 4,

[0086] e5 may be an integer from 0 to 5,

[0087] e7 may be an integer from 0 to 7, and

[0088] * indicates a binding site to a neighboring atom.

[0089] In one embodiment, a moiety represented by

##STR00010##

and a moiety represented by

##STR00011##

in Formula 1 may be identical to or different from each other.

[0090] In Formula 1, Ar.sub.4 may be a group represented by Formula 2:

##STR00012##

[0091] In Formula 2, X.sub.10 may be N(R.sub.31), O, S, C(R.sub.32)(R.sub.33), or Si(R.sub.34)(R.sub.35).

[0092] In Formula 2, A.sub.10 and A.sub.20 may each independently be a C.sub.5-C.sub.60 carbocyclic group or a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heterocyclic group.

[0093] In one embodiment, A.sub.10, A.sub.20, A.sub.30, and A.sub.40 may each independently be a benzene group, a naphthalene group, an anthracene group, or a phenanthrene group.

[0094] In one embodiment, a group represented by Formula 2 may be a group represented by one of Formulae 2-1 to 2-4:

##STR00013##

[0095] X.sub.10, A.sub.20, R.sub.20, and b20 are each independently defined the same as X.sub.10, A.sub.20, R.sub.20, and b20,

[0096] R.sub.14 to R.sub.16 are each independently defined the same as R.sub.1 to R.sub.4, R.sub.10 to R.sub.20, and R.sub.31 to R.sub.35, and

[0097] * indicates a binding site to a neighboring atom.

[0098] In one embodiment, Ar.sub.4 may be selected from:

[0099] a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorene-benzofluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a carbazolyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a dinaphtho silolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dinaphthofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, and a dinaphthothiophenyl group; and

[0100] a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorene-benzofluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a carbazolyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a dinaphtho silolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dinaphthofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, and a dinaphthothiophenyl group, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isobutyl group, a sec-butyl group, ter-butyl group, pentyl group, an isoamyl group, a hexyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorene-benzofluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a silolyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, an indazolyl group, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a benzosilolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a carbazolyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, an oxazolopyridinyl group, a thiazolopyridinyl group, a benzonaphthyridinyl group, an azafluorenyl group, an azaspiro-bifluorenyl group, an azacarbazolyl group, an azadibenzofuranyl group, an azadibenzothiophenyl group, an azadibenzosilolyl group, a biphenyl group, and a terphenyl group.

[0101] In one embodiment, Ar.sub.4 may be a group represented by one of Formulae 6-1 to 6-8:

##STR00014##

[0102] In Formulae 6-1 to 6-8,

[0103] Y.sub.31 may be O, S, C(Z.sub.44)(Z.sub.45), or Si(Z.sub.46)(Z.sub.47),

[0104] Z.sub.41 to Z.sub.47 may each independently be hydrogen, deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazole group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an indazolyl group, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, or an azacarbazolyl group,

[0105] d3 may be an integer from 0 to 3,

[0106] d4 may be an integer from 0 to 4, and

[0107] * indicates a binding site to a neighboring atom.

[0108] In Formula 1, R.sub.1 to R.sub.4, R.sub.10 to R.sub.20, and R.sub.31 to R.sub.35 may each independently be hydrogen, deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, --Si(Q.sub.1)(Q.sub.2)(Q.sub.3), --N(Q.sub.1)(Q.sub.2), --B(Q.sub.1)(Q.sub.2), --C(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.1), --S(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.1), or --P(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.1)(Q.sub.2).

[0109] In Formula 1, any two neighboring groups selected from R.sub.1 to R.sub.4, R.sub.10 to R.sub.20, and R.sub.32 to R.sub.35 may optionally be linked to form a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.4-C.sub.60 carbocyclic group or a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-C.sub.60 heterocyclic group.

[0110] In one embodiment, R.sub.1 to R.sub.4, R.sub.10 to R.sub.20, and R.sub.32 to R.sub.35 may each independently be selected from:

[0111] hydrogen, deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isobutyl group, a sec-butyl group, ter-butyl group, pentyl group, an isoamyl group, a hexyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorene-benzofluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a silolyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a biphenyl group, and a terphenyl group; and

[0112] a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isobutyl group, a sec-butyl group, ter-butyl group, pentyl group, an isoamyl group, a hexyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorene-benzofluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a silolyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, an indazolyl group, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a benzosilolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a carbazolyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, an oxazolopyridinyl group, a thiazolopyridinyl group, a benzonaphthyridinyl group, an azafluorenyl group, an azaspiro-bifluorenyl group, an azacarbazolyl group, an azadibenzofuranyl group, an azadibenzothiophenyl group, an azadibenzosilolyl group, a biphenyl group, and a terphenyl group, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isobutyl group, a sec-butyl group, ter-butyl group, pentyl group, an isoamyl group, a hexyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorene-benzofluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a silolyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, an indazolyl group, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a benzosilolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a carbazolyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, an oxazolopyridinyl group, a thiazolopyridinyl group, a benzonaphthyridinyl group, an azafluorenyl group, an azaspiro-bifluorenyl group, an azacarbazolyl group, an azadibenzofuranyl group, an azadibenzothiophenyl group, an azadibenzosilolyl group, a biphenyl group, and a terphenyl group.

[0113] In one embodiment, in Formula 1, X.sub.2 may be C(R.sub.2), and R.sub.2 may be a phenyl group or a naphthyl group.

[0114] In Formula 2, b10 and b20 may each independently be an integer from 1 to 8.

[0115] In one embodiment, b10 and b20 may each independently be 1, 2, 3, or 4.

[0116] In Formula 2, * indicates a binding site to a neighboring atom.

[0117] At least one substituent of the substituted C.sub.5-C.sub.60 carbocyclic group, the substituted C.sub.2-C.sub.60 heterocyclic group, the substituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkylene group, the substituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkylene group, the substituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenylene group, the substituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenylene group, the substituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylene group, the substituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroarylene group, a substituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a substituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, the substituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkyl group, the substituted C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkenyl group, the substituted C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkynyl group, the substituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkoxy group, the substituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group, the substituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkyl group, the substituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenyl group, the substituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenyl group, the substituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, the substituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryloxy group, the substituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylthio group, the substituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group may be selected from:

[0118] deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkenyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkynyl group, and a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkoxy group;

[0119] a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkenyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkynyl group, and a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkoxy group, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkyl group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryloxy group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylthio group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, --Si(Q.sub.11)(Q.sub.12)(Q.sub.13), --N(Q.sub.11)(Q.sub.12), --B(Q.sub.11)(Q.sub.12), --C(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.11), --S(.dbd.O).sub.2(Q.sub.11), and --P(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.11)(Q.sub.12);

[0120] a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkyl group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryloxy group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylthio group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group;

[0121] a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkyl group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryloxy group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylthio group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group; and

[0122] --Si(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32)(Q.sub.33), --N(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32), --B(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32), --C(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.31), --S(.dbd.O).sub.2(Q.sub.31), and --P(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32), each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkenyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkynyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkoxy group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkyl group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryloxy group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylthio group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, --Si(Q.sub.21)(Q.sub.22)(Q.sub.23), --N(Q.sub.21)(Q.sub.22), --B(Q.sub.21)(Q.sub.22), --C(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.21), --S(.dbd.O).sub.2(Q.sub.21), and --P(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.21)(Q.sub.22), and

[0123] Q.sub.1 to Q.sub.3, Q.sub.11 to Q.sub.13, Q.sub.21 to Q.sub.23, and Q.sub.31 to Q.sub.33 may each independently be selected from hydrogen, deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkenyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkynyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkoxy group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkyl group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, a biphenyl group, and a terphenyl group.

[0124] In one embodiment, Q.sub.1 to Q.sub.3 may each independently be selected from a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, a biphenyl group, and a terphenyl group.

[0125] In one embodiment, the amine compound may be selected from Compounds 1 to 40, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto:

##STR00015## ##STR00016## ##STR00017## ##STR00018## ##STR00019## ##STR00020## ##STR00021## ##STR00022## ##STR00023## ##STR00024##

[0126] The amine compound may have a structure of Formula 1. For example, the amine compound may include two amine groups, wherein the two amine groups are linked to each other via a linker at a meta position as shown in

##STR00025##

[0127] In addition, the amine compound includes rings not greater than 3 rings between the two amine groups, and essentially includes a group represented by Formula 2 as a substituent, wherein a condensed ring is linked to a 5-membered ring at the center of the group represented by Formula 2 via the amine groups.

[0128] In this regard, an electronic device, for example, an organic light-emitting device, including the amine compound represented by Formula 1 may have low driving voltage, high luminance, high efficiency, and long lifespan.

[0129] A synthesis method for the amine compound represented by Formula 1 should be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art by referring to the following examples.

[0130] At least one of the amine compound of Formula 1 may be used between a pair of electrodes of an organic light-emitting device. For example, the amine compound may be included in at least one selected from a hole transport region and an emission layer. In one or more embodiments, the amine compound represented by Formula 1 may be used as a material for forming a capping layer positioned outside the pair of electrodes of the organic light-emitting device.

[0131] Accordingly, there is provided an organic light-emitting device including: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; and an organic layer between the first electrode and the second electrode, the organic layer including an emission layer; and at least one of the amine compound represented by Formula 1.

[0132] The expression "(an organic layer or a capping layer) includes at least one of the amine compound of Formula 1" used herein may include a case in which "(an organic layer or a capping layer) includes identical amine compounds represented by Formula 1" and a case in which "(an organic layer or a capping layer) includes two or more different amine compounds represented by Formula 1."

[0133] For example, the organic layer may include, as the amine compound, only Compound 1. In this regard, Compound 1 may exist (e.g., be present) in an emission layer of the organic light-emitting device. In one or more embodiments, the organic layer may include, as the amine compound, Compound 1 and Compound 2. In this regard, Compound 1 and Compound 2 may exist (e.g., be present) in an identical layer (for example, Compound 1 and Compound 2 may both exist (e.g., be present) in an emission layer), or different layers (for example, Compound 1 may exist (e.g., be present) in an emission layer and Compound 2 may exist (e.g., be present) in an electron transport layer).

[0134] According to one embodiment,

[0135] the first electrode of the organic light-emitting device may be an anode,

[0136] the second electrode of the organic light-emitting device may be a cathode,

[0137] the organic layer of the organic light-emitting device may further include a hole transport region between the first electrode and the emission layer and an electron transport region between the emission layer and the second electrode,

[0138] the hole transport region may include at least one layer selected from a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a buffer layer, an emission auxiliary layer, and an electron blocking layer, and

[0139] the electron transport region may include an electron transport region including at least one layer selected from a hole blocking layer, an electron transport layer, and an electron injection layer.

[0140] In one or more embodiments, the hole transport region may include the amine compound represented by Formula 1.

[0141] In one or more embodiments, the hole transport region includes a hole transport layer, which includes the amine compound.

[0142] In one or more embodiments, the hole transport region may include: a first hole transport layer between the first electrode and the emission layer; and a second hole transport layer between the first hole transport layer and the emission layer, wherein the first hole transport layer may include the amine compound.

[0143] In one or more embodiments, the hole transport region may include: a first hole transport layer between the first electrode and the emission layer; and a second hole transport layer between the first hole transport layer and the emission layer, wherein the second hole transport layer may include the amine compound.

[0144] In one embodiment, the emission layer may include a host and a dopant, and the host may be a fluorescent dopant or a phosphorescent dopant.

[0145] In one embodiment, the electron transport region may include an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, an alkali metal compound, an alkaline earth-metal compound, a rare earth metal compound, an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth-metal complex, a rare earth metal complex, or any combinations thereof.

[0146] The term "organic layer," as used herein, refers to a single layer and/or a plurality of layers between the first electrode and the second electrode of an organic light-emitting device. A material included in the "organic layer" is not limited to an organic material.

Description of FIG. 1

[0147] FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an organic light-emitting device 10 according to an embodiment. The organic light-emitting device 10 includes a first electrode 110, an organic layer 150, and a second electrode 190.

[0148] Hereinafter, the structure of the organic light-emitting device 10 according to an embodiment and a method of manufacturing the organic light-emitting device 10 will be described in connection with FIG. 1.

First Electrode 110

[0149] In FIG. 1, a substrate may be additionally under the first electrode 110 or above the second electrode 190. The substrate may be a glass substrate or a plastic substrate, each having excellent mechanical strength, thermal stability, transparency, surface smoothness, ease of handling, and water resistance.

[0150] The first electrode 110 may be formed by depositing or sputtering a material for forming the first electrode 110 on the substrate. When the first electrode 110 is an anode, the material for forming the first electrode 110 may be selected from materials with a high work function to facilitate hole injection.

[0151] The first electrode 110 may be a reflective electrode, a semi-transmissive electrode, or a transmissive electrode. When the first electrode 110 is a transmissive electrode, a material for forming a first electrode may be selected from indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), tin oxide (SnO.sub.2), zinc oxide (ZnO), and any combinations thereof, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. When the first electrode 110 is a semi-transmissive electrode or a reflective electrode, as a material for forming the first electrode 110, magnesium (Mg), silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), aluminum-lithium (Al--Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg--In), magnesium-silver (Mg--Ag), or any combination thereof may be used. However, the material for forming the first electrode 110 is not limited thereto.

[0152] The first electrode 110 may have a single-layered structure, or a multi-layered structure including two or more layers. For example, the first electrode 110 may have a three-layered structure of ITO/Ag/ITO, but the structure of the first electrode 110 is not limited thereto.

Organic Layer 150

[0153] The organic layer 150 is on the first electrode 110. The organic layer 150 may include an emission layer.

[0154] The organic layer 150 may further include a hole transport region between the first electrode 110 and the emission layer, and an electron transport region between the emission layer and the second electrode 190.

Hole Transport Region in Organic Layer 150

[0155] The hole transport region may have i) a single-layered structure including a single layer including a single material, ii) a single-layered structure including a single layer including a plurality of different materials, or iii) a multi-layered structure having a plurality of layers including a plurality of different materials.

[0156] The hole transport region may include at least one layer selected from a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an emission auxiliary layer, and an electron blocking layer.

[0157] For example, the hole transport region may have a single-layered structure including a single layer including a plurality of different materials, or a multi-layered structure having a hole injection layer/hole transport layer structure, a hole injection layer/hole transport layer/emission auxiliary layer structure, a hole injection layer/emission auxiliary layer structure, a hole transport layer/emission auxiliary layer structure, or a hole injection layer/hole transport layer/electron blocking layer structure, wherein for each structure, constituting layers are sequentially stacked from the first electrode 110 in this stated order, but the structure of the hole transport region is not limited thereto.

[0158] In one embodiment, the hole transport region may include the amine compound.

[0159] In addition, the hole transport region may further include at least one selected from m-MTDATA, TDATA, 2-TNATA, NPB(NPD), .beta.-NPB, TPD, Spiro-TPD, Spiro-NPB, methylated-NPB, TAPC, HMTPD, 4,4',4''-tris(N-carbazolyl)triphenylamine (TCTA), polyaniline/dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (PANI/DBSA), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT/PSS), polyaniline/camphor sulfonic acid (PANI/CSA), polyaniline/poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PANI/PSS), a compound represented by Formula 201, and a compound represented by Formula 202:

##STR00026## ##STR00027## ##STR00028##

[0160] In Formulae 201 and 202,

[0161] L.sub.201 to L.sub.204 may each independently be selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroarylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,

[0162] L.sub.205 may be selected from *--O--*', *--S--*', *--N(Q.sub.201)-*', a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-C.sub.20 alkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroarylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,

[0163] xa1 to xa4 may each independently be an integer from 0 to 3,

[0164] xa5 may be an integer from 1 to 10, and

[0165] R.sub.201 to R.sub.204 and Q.sub.201 may each independently be selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group.

[0166] For example, in Formula 202, R.sub.201 and R.sub.202 may optionally be linked to each other via a single bond, a dimethyl-methylene group, or a diphenyl-methylene group, and R.sub.203 and R.sub.204 may optionally be linked to each other via a single bond, a dimethyl-methylene group, or a diphenyl-methylene group.

[0167] In one or more embodiments, regarding Formulae 201 and 202,

[0168] L.sub.201 to L.sub.205 may each independently be selected from:

[0169] a phenylene group, a pentalenylene group, an indenylene group, a naphthylene group, an azulenylene group, a heptalenylene group, an indacenylene group, an acenaphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, a spiro-bifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, a dibenzofluorenylene group, a phenalenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylene group, a naphthacenylene group, a picenylene group, a perylenylene group, a pentaphenylene group, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, a rubicenylene group, a coronenylene group, an ovalenylene group, a thiophenylene group, a furanylene group, a carbazolylene group, an indolylene group, an isoindolylene group, a benzofuranylene group, a benzothiophenylene group, a dibenzofuranylene group, a dibenzothiophenylene group, a benzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzosilolylene group, and a pyridinylene group; and

[0170] a phenylene group, a pentalenylene group, an indenylene group, a naphthylene group, an azulenylene group, a heptalenylene group, an indacenylene group, an acenaphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, a spiro-bifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, a dibenzofluorenylene group, a phenalenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylene group, a naphthacenylene group, a picenylene group, a perylenylene group, a pentaphenylene group, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, a rubicenylene group, a coronenylene group, an ovalenylene group, a thiophenylene group, a furanylene group, a carbazolylene group, an indolylene group, an isoindolylene group, a benzofuranylene group, a benzothiophenylene group, a dibenzofuranylene group, a dibenzothiophenylene group, a benzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzosilolylene group, and a pyridinylene group, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a phenyl group substituted with a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl group, a phenyl group substituted with --F, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a rubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group, --Si(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32)(Q.sub.33), and --N(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32), and

[0171] Q.sub.31 to Q.sub.33 may each independently be selected from a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, and a naphthyl group.

[0172] In one or more embodiments, xa1 to xa4 may each independently be 0, 1, or 2.

[0173] In one or more embodiments, xa5 may be 1, 2, 3, or 4.

[0174] In one or more embodiments, R.sub.201 to R.sub.204 and Q.sub.201 may each independently be selected from:

[0175] a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a rubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, and a pyridinyl group; and

[0176] a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a rubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, and a pyridinyl group, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a phenyl group substituted with a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl group, a phenyl group substituted with --F, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a rubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group, --Si(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32)(Q.sub.33), and --N(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32), and

[0177] Q.sub.31 to Q.sub.33 are the same as described above.

[0178] In one or more embodiments, in Formula 201, at least one selected from R.sub.201 to R.sub.203 may each independently be selected from:

[0179] a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, and a dibenzothiophenyl group; and

[0180] a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, and a dibenzothiophenyl group, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a phenyl group substituted with a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl group, a phenyl group substituted with --F, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, and a dibenzothiophenyl group,

[0181] but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0182] In one or more embodiments, in Formula 202, i) R.sub.201 and R.sub.202 may be linked with each other via a single bond, and/or ii) R.sub.203 and R.sub.204 may be linked with each other via a single bond.

[0183] In one or more embodiments, in Formula 202, at least one selected from R.sub.201 to R.sub.204 may be selected from:

[0184] a carbazolyl group; and

[0185] a carbazolyl group substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a phenyl group substituted with a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl group, a phenyl group substituted with --F, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, and a dibenzothiophenyl group,

[0186] but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0187] The compound represented by Formula 201 may be represented by Formula 201A:

##STR00029##

In one embodiment, the compound represented by Formula 201 may be represented by Formula 201A(1) below, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto:

##STR00030##

In one embodiment, the compound represented by Formula 201 may be represented by Formula 201A-1 below, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto:

##STR00031##

[0188] In one embodiment, the compound represented by Formula 202 may be represented by Formula 202A:

##STR00032##

[0189] In one embodiment, the compound represented by Formula 202 may be represented by Formula 202A-1:

##STR00033##

[0190] In Formulae 201A, 201A(1), 201A-1, 202A, and 202A-1,

[0191] L.sub.201 to L.sub.203, xa1 to xa3, xa5, and R.sub.202 to R.sub.204 are the same as described above,

[0192] R.sub.211 and R.sub.212 are defined the same as R.sub.203.

[0193] R.sub.213 to R.sub.217 may each independently be selected from hydrogen, deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a phenyl group substituted with a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl group, a phenyl group substituted with --F, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a rubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, and a pyridinyl group.

[0194] The hole transport region may include at least one compound selected from Compounds HT1 to HT39, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto:

##STR00034## ##STR00035## ##STR00036## ##STR00037## ##STR00038## ##STR00039## ##STR00040##

[0195] A thickness of the hole transport region may be in a range of about 100 .ANG. to about 10,000 .ANG., for example, about 100 .ANG. to about 1,000 .ANG.. When the hole transport region includes at least one of a hole injection layer and a hole transport layer, the thickness of the hole injection layer may be in a range of about 100 .ANG. to about 9,000 .ANG., and for example, about 100 .ANG. to about 1,000 .ANG., and the thickness of the hole transport layer may be in a range of about 50 .ANG. to about 2,000 .ANG., and for example, about 100 .ANG. to about 1,500 .ANG.. When the thicknesses of the hole transport region, the hole injection layer, and the hole transport layer are within these ranges, suitable or satisfactory hole transporting characteristics may be obtained without a substantial increase in driving voltage.

[0196] The emission auxiliary layer may increase light-emission efficiency by compensating for an optical resonance distance according to the wavelength of light emitted by an emission layer, and the electron blocking layer may block the flow of electrons from an electron transport region. The emission auxiliary layer and the electron blocking layer may include the materials as described above.

p-Dopant

[0197] The hole transport region may further include, in addition to these materials, a charge-generation material for the improvement of conductive properties. The charge-generation material may be homogeneously or non-homogeneously dispersed in the hole transport region.

[0198] The charge-generation material may be, for example, a p-dopant.

[0199] In one embodiment, the p-dopant may have a lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) level of -3.5 eV or less.

[0200] The p-dopant may include at least one selected from a quinone derivative, a metal oxide, and a cyano group-containing compound, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0201] For example, the p-dopant may include at least one selected from:

[0202] a quinone derivative, such as tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) and 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (F4-TCNQ);

[0203] a metal oxide, such as tungsten oxide and molybdenum oxide;

[0204] 1,4,5,8,9,11-hexaazatriphenylene-hexacarbonitrile (HAT-CN); and

[0205] a compound represented by Formula 221,

[0206] but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto:

##STR00041##

[0207] In Formula 221,

[0208] R.sub.221 to R.sub.223 may each independently be selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, wherein at least one selected from R.sub.221 to R.sub.223 may have at least one substituent selected from a cyano group, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkyl group substituted with --F, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkyl group substituted with --Cl, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkyl group substituted with --Br, and a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkyl group substituted with --I.

Emission Layer in Organic Layer 150

[0209] When the organic light-emitting device 10 is a full-color organic light-emitting device, the emission layer may be patterned into a red emission layer, a green emission layer, or a blue emission layer, according to a sub-pixel. In one or more embodiments, the emission layer may have a stacked structure of two or more layers selected from a red emission layer, a green emission layer, and a blue emission layer, in which the two or more layers contact each other or are separated from each other. In one or more embodiments, the emission layer may include two or more materials selected from a red light-emitting material, a green light-emitting material, and a blue light-emitting material, in which the two or more materials are mixed with each other in a single layer to emit white light.

[0210] The emission layer may include a host and a dopant. The dopant may include at least one selected from a phosphorescent dopant and a fluorescent dopant.

[0211] The amount of the dopant in the emission layer may be, in general, in a range of about 0.01 parts to about 15 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the host, but embodiments are not limited thereto.

[0212] The thickness of the emission layer may be in a range of about 100 .ANG. to about 1,000 .ANG., for example, about 200 .ANG. to about 600 .ANG.. When the thickness of the emission layer is within any of these ranges, improved luminescence characteristics may be obtained without a substantial increase in driving voltage.

Host in Emission Layer

[0213] In one or more embodiments, the host may include a compound represented by Formula 301:

[Ar.sub.301].sub.xb11-[(L.sub.301).sub.xb1-R.sub.301].sub.xb21. Formula 301

[0214] In Formula 301,

[0215] Ar.sub.301 may be a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.5-C.sub.60 carbocyclic group or a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heterocyclic group,

[0216] xb11 may be 1, 2, or 3,

[0217] L.sub.301 may each independently be selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroarylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,

[0218] xb1 may be an integer from 0 to 5,

[0219] R.sub.301 may be selected from deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, --Si(Q.sub.301)(Q.sub.302)(Q.sub.303), --N(Q.sub.301)(Q.sub.302), --B(Q.sub.301)(Q.sub.302), --C(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.301), --S(.dbd.O).sub.2(Q.sub.301), and --P(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.301)(Q.sub.302),

[0220] xb21 may be an integer from 1 to 5, and

[0221] Q.sub.301 to Q.sub.303 may each independently be selected from a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, and a naphthyl group, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0222] In one embodiment, Ar.sub.301 in Formula 301 may be selected from:

[0223] a naphthalene group, a fluorene group, a spiro-bifluorene group, a benzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group, a phenalene group, a phenanthrene group, an anthracene group, a fluoranthene group, a triphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysene group, a naphthacene group, a picene group, a perylene group, a pentaphene group, an indenoanthracene group, a dibenzofuran group, and a dibenzothiophene group; and

[0224] a naphthalene group, a fluorene group, a spiro-bifluorene group, a benzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group, a phenalene group, a phenanthrene group, an anthracene group, a fluoranthene group, a triphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysene group, a naphthacene group, a picene group, a perylene group, a pentaphene group, an indenoanthracene group, a dibenzofuran group, and a dibenzothiophene group, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, --Si(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32)(Q.sub.33), --N(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32), --B(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32), --C(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.31), --S(.dbd.O).sub.2(Q.sub.31), and --P(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32), and

[0225] Q.sub.31 to Q.sub.33 may each independently be selected from a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, and a naphthyl group. However, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0226] When xb11 in Formula 301 is two or more, two or more Ar301(s) may be linked with each other via a single bond.

[0227] In one or more embodiments, the compound represented by Formula 301 may be represented by Formula 301-1 or 301-2:

##STR00042##

[0228] In Formulae 301-1 and 301-2,

[0229] A.sub.301 to A.sub.304 may each independently be selected from a benzene, a naphthalene, a phenanthrene, a fluoranthene, a triphenylene, a pyrene, a chrysene, a pyridine, a pyrimidine, an indene, a fluorene, a spiro-bifluorene, a benzofluorene, a dibenzofluorene, an indole, a carbazole, benzocarbazole, dibenzocarbazole, a furan, a benzofuran, a dibenzofuran, a naphthofuran, a benzonaphthofuran, dinaphthofuran, a thiophene, a benzothiophene, a dibenzothiophene, a naphthothiophene, a benzonaphthothiophene group, and a dinaphthothiophene,

[0230] X.sub.301 may be O, S, or N-[(L.sub.304).sub.xb4-R.sub.304],

[0231] R.sub.311 to R.sub.314 may each independently be selected from hydrogen, deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group --Si(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32)(Q.sub.33), --N(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32), --B(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32), --C(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.31), --S(.dbd.O).sub.2(Q.sub.31), and --P(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32),

[0232] xb22 and xb23 may each independently be 0, 1, or 2,

[0233] L.sub.301, xb1, R.sub.301, and Q.sub.31 to Q.sub.33 are the same as described above,

[0234] L.sub.302 to L.sub.304 are defined the same as L.sub.301,

[0235] xb2 to xb4 are defined the same as xb1, and

[0236] R.sub.302 to R.sub.304 are defined the same as R.sub.301.

[0237] For example, in Formulae 301, 301-1, and 301-2, L.sub.301 to L.sub.304 may each independently be selected from:

[0238] a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, a spiro-bifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, a dibenzofluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylene group, a perylenylene group, a pentaphenylene group, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, a thiophenylene group, a furanylene group, a carbazolylene group, an indolylene group, an isoindolylene group, a benzofuranylene group, a benzothiophenylene group, a dibenzofuranylene group, a dibenzothiophenylene group, a benzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzosilolylene group, a pyridinylene group, an imidazolylene group, a pyrazolylene group, a thiazolylene group, an isothiazolylene group, an oxazolylene group, an isoxazolylene group, a thiadiazolylene group, an oxadiazolylene group, a pyrazinylene group, a pyrimidinylene group, a pyridazinylene group, a triazinylene group, a quinolinylene group, an isoquinolinylene group, a benzoquinolinylene group, a phthalazinylene group, a naphthyridinylene group, a quinoxalinylene group, a quinazolinylene group, a cinnolinylene group, a phenanthridinylene group, an acridinylene group, a phenanthrolinylene group, a phenazinylene group, a benzimidazolylene group, an isobenzothiazolylene group, a benzoxazolylene group, an isobenzoxazolylene group, a triazolylene group, a tetrazolylene group, an imidazopyridinylene group, an imidazopyrimidinylene group, and an azacarbazolylene group; and

[0239] a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, a spiro-bifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, a dibenzofluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylene group, a perylenylene group, a pentaphenylene group, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, a thiophenylene group, a furanylene group, a carbazolylene group, an indolylene group, an isoindolylene group, a benzofuranylene group, a benzothiophenylene group, a dibenzofuranylene group, a dibenzothiophenylene group, a benzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzosilolylene group, a pyridinylene group, an imidazolylene group, a pyrazolylene group, a thiazolylene group, an isothiazolylene group, an oxazolylene group, an isoxazolylene group, a thiadiazolylene group, an oxadiazolylene group, a pyrazinylene group, a pyrimidinylene group, a pyridazinylene group, a triazinylene group, a quinolinylene group, an isoquinolinylene group, a benzoquinolinylene group, a phthalazinylene group, a naphthyridinylene group, a quinoxalinylene group, a quinazolinylene group, a cinnolinylene group, a phenanthridinylene group, an acridinylene group, a phenanthrolinylene group, a phenazinylene group, a benzimidazolylene group, an isobenzothiazolylene group, a benzoxazolylene group, an isobenzoxazolylene group, a triazolylene group, a tetrazolylene group, an imidazopyridinylene group, an imidazopyrimidinylene group, and an azacarbazolylene group, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, an azacarbazolyl group, --Si(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32)(Q.sub.33), --N(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32), --B(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32), --C(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.31), --S(.dbd.O).sub.2(Q.sub.31), and --P(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32), and

[0240] Q.sub.31 to Q.sub.33 are the same as described above.

[0241] In one embodiment, in Formulae 301, 301-1, and 301-2, R.sub.301 to R.sub.304 may each independently be selected from:

[0242] a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, and an azacarbazolyl group; and

[0243] a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, and an azacarbazolyl group, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, an azacarbazolyl group, --Si(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32)(Q.sub.33), --N(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32), --B(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32), --C(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.31), --S(.dbd.O).sub.2(Q.sub.31), and --P(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32), and

[0244] Q.sub.31 and Q.sub.33 are the same as described above.

[0245] In one or more embodiments, the host may include an alkaline earth metal complex. For example, the host may be selected from a Be complex (for example, Compound H55), a Mg complex, and a Zn complex.

[0246] The host may include at least one selected from 9,10-di(2-naphthyl)anthracene), 2-methyl-9,10-bis(naphthalen-2-yl)anthracene (MADN), 9,10-di-(2-naphthyl)-2-t-butyl-anthracene (TBADN), 4,4'-bis(N-carbazolyl)-1,1'-biphenyl (CBP), 1,3-di-9-carbazolylbenzene (mCP), 1,3,5-tri(carbazol-9-yl)benzene (TCP), and Compounds H1 to H55, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto:

##STR00043## ##STR00044## ##STR00045## ##STR00046## ##STR00047## ##STR00048## ##STR00049## ##STR00050## ##STR00051## ##STR00052## ##STR00053## ##STR00054## ##STR00055##

[0247] [Phosphorescent Dopant Included in Emission Layer in Organic Layer 150]

[0248] The phosphorescent dopant may include an organometallic complex represented by Formula 401:

##STR00056##

[0249] In Formulae 401 and 402,

[0250] M may be selected from iridium (Ir), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), osmium (Os), titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), europium (Eu), terbium (Tb), rhodium (Rh), and thulium (Tm),

[0251] L.sub.401 may be selected from ligands represented by Formula 402, and xc1 may be 1, 2, or 3, wherein, when xc1 is two or more, two or more L.sub.401(s) may be identical to or different from each other,

[0252] L.sub.402 may be an organic ligand, and xc2 may be an integer from 0 to 4, wherein, when xc2 is two or more, two or more L.sub.402(s) may be identical to or different from each other,

[0253] X.sub.401 to X.sub.404 may each independently be nitrogen or carbon,

[0254] X.sub.401 and X.sub.403 may be linked with each other via a single bond or a double bond, and X.sub.402 and X.sub.404 may be linked with each other via a single bond or a double bond,

[0255] A.sub.401 and A.sub.402 may each independently be selected from a C.sub.5-C.sub.60 carbocyclic group or a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heterocyclic group,

[0256] X.sub.405 may be a single bond, *--O--*', *--S--*', *--C(.dbd.O)--*', *--N(Q.sub.411)-*', *--C(Q.sub.411)(Q.sub.412)-*', *--C(Q.sub.411)=C(Q.sub.412)-*', *--C(Q.sub.411)=*', or *.dbd.C.dbd.*', wherein Q.sub.411 and Q.sub.412 may each independently be hydrogen, deuterium, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, or a naphthyl group,

[0257] X.sub.406 may be a single bond, 0, or S,

[0258] R.sub.401 and R.sub.402 may each independently be selected from hydrogen, deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, --Si(Q.sub.401)(Q.sub.402)(Q.sub.403), --N(Q.sub.401)(Q.sub.402), --B(Q.sub.401)(Q.sub.402), --C(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.401), --S(.dbd.O).sub.2(Q.sub.401), and --P(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.401)(Q.sub.402), wherein Q.sub.401 to Q.sub.403 may each independently be selected from a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkoxy group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.20 aryl group, and a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 heteroaryl group,

[0259] xc11 and xc12 may each independently be an integer from 0 to 10, and

[0260] * and *' in Formula 402 each indicate a binding site to M in Formula 401.

[0261] In one embodiment, A.sub.401 and A.sub.402 in Formula 402 may each independently be selected from a benzene group, a naphthalene group, a fluorene group, a spiro-bifluorene group, an indene group, a pyrrole group, a thiophene group, a furan group, an imidazole group, a pyrazole group, a thiazole group, an isothiazole group, an oxazole group, an isoxazole group, a pyridine group, a pyrazine group, a pyrimidine group, a pyridazine group, a quinoline group, an isoquinoline group, a benzoquinoline group, a quinoxaline group, a quinazoline group, a carbazole group, a benzimidazole group, a benzofuran group, a benzothiophene group, an isobenzothiophene group, a benzoxazole group, an isobenzoxazole group, a triazole group, a tetrazole group, an oxadiazole group, a triazine group, a dibenzofuran group, and a dibenzothiophene group.

[0262] In one or more embodiments, in Formula 402, i) X.sub.401 may be nitrogen, and X.sub.402 may be carbon, or ii) X.sub.401 and X.sub.402 may each be nitrogen at the same time.

[0263] In one or more embodiments, R.sub.402 and R.sub.402 in Formula 401 may each independently be selected from:

[0264] hydrogen, deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkyl group, and a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkoxy group;

[0265] a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkyl group, and a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkoxy group, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, an adamantanyl group, a norbornanyl group, and a norbornenyl group;

[0266] a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, an adamantanyl group, a norbornanyl group, a norbornenyl group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, and a dibenzothiophenyl group;

[0267] a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, an adamantanyl group, a norbornanyl group, a norbornenyl group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, and a dibenzothiophenyl group, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, an adamantanyl group, a norbornanyl group, a norbornenyl group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, and a dibenzothiophenyl group; and

[0268] --Si(Q.sub.401)(Q.sub.402)(Q.sub.403), --N(Q.sub.401)(Q.sub.402), --B(Q.sub.401)(Q.sub.402), --C(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.401), --S(.dbd.O).sub.2(Q.sub.401), and --P(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.401)(Q.sub.402), and

[0269] Q.sub.401 to Q.sub.403 may each independently be selected from a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, and a naphthyl group, but are not limited thereto.

[0270] In one or more embodiments, when xc1 in Formula 401 is two or more, two A.sub.401(s) in two or more L.sub.401(s) may optionally be linked with each other via X.sub.407, which is a linking group, or two A.sub.402(S) in two or more L.sub.401(s) may optionally be linked with each other via X.sub.408, which is a linking group (see Compounds PD1 to PD4 and PD7). X.sub.407 and X.sub.408 may each independently be a single bond, *--O--*', *--S--*', *--C(.dbd.O)--*', *--N(Q.sub.413)-*', *--C(Q.sub.413)(Q.sub.414)-*', or *--C(Q.sub.413)=C(Q.sub.414)-*' (wherein Q.sub.413 and Q.sub.414 may each independently be hydrogen, deuterium, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, or a naphthyl group), but are not limited thereto.

[0271] L.sub.402 in Formula 401 may be a monovalent, divalent, or trivalent organic ligand. For example, L.sub.402 may be selected from halogen, diketone (for example, acetylacetonate), carboxylic acid (for example, picolinate), --C(.dbd.O), isonitrile, --CN, and a phosphorus-containing material (for example, phosphine, or phosphite), but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0272] In one or more embodiments, the phosphorescent dopant may be selected from, for example, Compounds PD1 to PD25, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto:

##STR00057## ##STR00058## ##STR00059## ##STR00060## ##STR00061##

Fluorescent Dopant in Emission Layer

[0273] The fluorescent dopant may include an arylamine compound or a styrylamine compound.

[0274] The fluorescent dopant may include a compound represented by Formula 501:

##STR00062##

[0275] In Formula 501,

[0276] Ar.sub.501 may be a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.5-C.sub.60 carbocyclic group or a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heterocyclic group,

[0277] L.sub.501 to L.sub.503 may each independently be selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroarylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,

[0278] xd1 to xd3 may each independently be an integer from 0 to 3,

[0279] R.sub.501 and R.sub.502 may each independently be selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, and

[0280] xd4 may be an integer from 1 to 6.

[0281] In one embodiment, Ar.sub.501 in Formula 501 may be selected from:

[0282] a naphthalene group, a heptalene group, a fluorene group, a spiro-bifluorene group, a benzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group, a phenalene group, a phenanthrene group, an anthracene group, a fluoranthene group, a triphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysene group, a naphthacene group, a picene group, a perylene group, a pentaphene group, an indenoanthracene group, and an indenophenanthrene group; and

[0283] a naphthalene group, a heptalene group, a fluorene group, a spiro-bifluorene group, a benzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group, a phenalene group, a phenanthrene group, an anthracene group, a fluoranthene group, a triphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysene group, a naphthacene group, a picene group, a perylene group, a pentaphene group, an indenoanthracene group, and an indenophenanthrene group, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, and a naphthyl group.

[0284] In one or more embodiments, L.sub.501 to L.sub.503 in Formula 501 may each independently be selected from:

[0285] a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, a spiro-bifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, a dibenzofluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylene group, a perylenylene group, a pentaphenylene group, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, a thiophenylene group, a furanylene group, a carbazolylene group, an indolylene group, an isoindolylene group, a benzofuranylene group, a benzothiophenylene group, a dibenzofuranylene group, a dibenzothiophenylene group, a benzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzosilolylene group, a pyridinylene group; and

[0286] a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, a spiro-bifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, a dibenzofluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylene group, a perylenylene group, a pentaphenylene group, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, a thiophenylene group, a furanylene group, a carbazolylene group, an indolylene group, an isoindolylene group, a benzofuranylene group, a benzothiophenylene group, a dibenzofuranylene group, a dibenzothiophenylene group, a benzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzosilolylene group, and a pyridinylene group, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, and a pyridinyl group.

[0287] In one or more embodiments, R.sub.501 and R.sub.502 in Formula 501 may each independently be selected from:

[0288] a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, and a pyridinyl group; and

[0289] a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, and a pyridinyl group, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group, and --Si(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32)(Q.sub.33), and

[0290] Q.sub.31 to Q.sub.33 may each be selected from a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, and a naphthyl group.

[0291] In one or more embodiments, xd4 in Formula 501 may be 2, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0292] For example, the fluorescent dopant may be selected from Compounds FD1 to FD22:

##STR00063## ##STR00064## ##STR00065## ##STR00066## ##STR00067## ##STR00068##

[0293] In one or more embodiments, the fluorescent dopant may be selected from the following compounds, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto:

##STR00069##

Electron Transport Region in Organic Layer 150

[0294] The electron transport region may have i) a single-layered structure including a single layer including a single material, ii) a single-layered structure including a single layer including a plurality of different materials, or iii) a multi-layered structure having a plurality of layers including a plurality of different materials.

[0295] The electron transport region may include at least one selected from a buffer layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron control layer, an electron transport layer, and an electron injection layer, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0296] For example, the electron transport region may have an electron transport layer/electron injection layer structure, a hole blocking layer/electron transport layer/electron injection layer structure, an electron control layer/electron transport layer/electron injection layer structure, or a buffer layer/electron transport layer/electron injection layer structure, wherein for each structure, constituting layers are sequentially stacked from an emission layer. However, embodiments of the structure of the electron transport region are not limited thereto.

[0297] The electron transport region (for example, a buffer layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron control layer, or an electron transport layer in the electron transport region) may include a metal-free compound containing at least one .pi. electron-depleted nitrogen-containing ring.

[0298] The term ".pi. electron-depleted nitrogen-containing ring," as used herein, indicates a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heterocyclic group having at least one *--N.dbd.*' moiety as a ring-forming moiety.

[0299] For example, the ".pi. electron-depleted nitrogen-containing ring" may be i) a 5-membered to 7-membered heteromonocyclic group having at least one *--N.dbd.*' moiety, ii) a heteropolycyclic group in which two or more 5-membered to 7-membered heteromonocyclic groups each having at least one *--N.dbd.*' moiety are condensed with each other (e.g., combined together), or iii) a heteropolycyclic group in which at least one of 5-membered to 7-membered heteromonocyclic groups, each having at least one *--N.dbd.*' moiety, is condensed with (e.g., combined together with) at least one C.sub.5-C.sub.60 carbocyclic group.

[0300] Examples of the .pi. electron-depleted nitrogen-containing ring include an imidazole, a pyrazole, a thiazole, an isothiazole, an oxazole, an isoxazole, a pyridine, a pyrazine, a pyrimidine, a pyridazine, an indazole, a purine, a quinoline, an isoquinoline, a benzoquinoline, a phthalazine, a naphthyridine, a quinoxaline, a quinazoline, a cinnoline, a phenanthridine, an acridine, a phenanthroline, a phenazine, a benzimidazole, an isobenzothiazole, a benzoxazole, an isobenzoxazole, a triazole, a tetrazole, an oxadiazole, a triazine, a thiadiazol, an imidazopyridine, an imidazopyrimidine, and an azacarbazole, but are not limited thereto.

[0301] For example, the electron transport region may include a compound represented by Formula 601:

[Ar.sub.601].sub.xe11-[(L.sub.601).sub.xe1-R.sub.601].sub.xe21. Formula 601

[0302] In Formula 601,

[0303] Ar.sub.601 may be a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.5-C.sub.60 carbocyclic group or a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heterocyclic group,

[0304] xe11 may be 1, 2, or 3,

[0305] L.sub.601 may be selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroarylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group;

[0306] xe1 may be an integer from 0 to 5,

[0307] R.sub.601 may be selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, --Si(Q.sub.601)(Q.sub.602)(Q.sub.603), --C(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.601), --S(.dbd.O).sub.2(Q.sub.601), and --P(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.601)(Q.sub.602),

[0308] Q.sub.601 to Q.sub.603 may each independently be a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, or a naphthyl group, and

[0309] xe21 may be an integer from 1 to 5.

[0310] In one embodiment, at least one of Ar.sub.601(s) in the number of xe11 and/or at least one of R.sub.601(s) in the number of xe21 may include the .pi. electron-depleted nitrogen-containing ring.

[0311] In one embodiment, Ar.sub.601 in Formula 601 may be selected from:

[0312] a benzene group, a naphthalene group, a fluorene group, a spiro-bifluorene group, a benzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group, a phenalene group, a phenanthrene group, an anthracene group, a fluoranthene group, a triphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysene group, a naphthacene group, a picene group, a perylene group, a pentaphene group, an indenoanthracene group, a dibenzofuran group, a dibenzothiophene group, a carbazole group, an imidazole group, a pyrazole group, a thiazole group, an isothiazole group, an oxazole group, an isoxazole group, a pyridine group, a pyrazine group, a pyrimidine group, a pyridazine group, an indazole group, a purine group, a quinoline group, an isoquinoline group, a benzoquinoline group, a phthalazine group, a naphthyridine group, a quinoxaline group, a quinazoline group, a cinnoline group, a phenanthridine group, an acridine group, a phenanthroline group, a phenazine group, a benzimidazole group, an isobenzothiazole group, a benzoxazole group, an isobenzoxazole group, a triazole group, a tetrazole group, an oxadiazole group, a triazine group, a thiadiazole group, an imidazopyridine group, an imidazopyrimidine group, and an azacarbazole group; and

[0313] a benzene group, a naphthalene group, a fluorene group, a spiro-bifluorene group, a benzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group, a phenalene group, a phenanthrene group, an anthracene group, a fluoranthene group, a triphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysene group, a naphthacene group, a picene group, a perylene group, a pentaphene group, an indenoanthracene group, a dibenzofuran group, a dibenzothiophene group, a carbazole group, an imidazole group, a pyrazole group, a thiazole group, an isothiazole group, an oxazole group, an isoxazole group, a pyridine group, a pyrazine group, a pyrimidine group, a pyridazine group, an indazole group, a purine group, a quinoline group, an isoquinoline group, a benzoquinoline group, a phthalazine group, a naphthyridine group, a quinoxaline group, a quinazoline group, a cinnoline group, a phenanthridine group, an acridine group, a phenanthroline group, a phenazine group, a benzimidazole group, an isobenzothiazole group, a benzoxazole group, an isobenzoxazole group, a triazole group, a tetrazole group, an oxadiazole group, a triazine group, a thiadiazole group, an imidazopyridine group, an imidazopyrimidine group, and an azacarbazole group, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, --Si(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32)(Q.sub.33), --S(.dbd.O).sub.2(Q.sub.31), and --P(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32), and

[0314] Q.sub.31 to Q.sub.33 may each independently be selected from a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, and a naphthyl group.

[0315] When xe11 in Formula 601 is two or more, two or more Ar.sub.601(s) may be linked with each other via a single bond.

[0316] In one or more embodiments, Ar.sub.601 in Formula 601 may be an anthracene group.

[0317] In one or more embodiments, a compound represented by Formula 601 may be represented by Formula 601-1:

##STR00070##

[0318] In Formula 601-1,

[0319] X.sub.614 may be N or C(R.sub.614), X.sub.615 may be N or C(R.sub.615), X.sub.616 may be N or C(R.sub.616), and at least one selected from X.sub.614 to X.sub.616 may be N,

[0320] L.sub.611 to L.sub.613 may each independently be defined the same as L.sub.601,

[0321] xe611 to xe613 may each independently be defined the same as xe1,

[0322] R.sub.611 to R.sub.613 may each independently be defined the same as R.sub.601, and

[0323] R.sub.614 to R.sub.616 may each independently be selected from hydrogen, deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, and a naphthyl group.

[0324] In one embodiment, L.sub.601 and L.sub.611 to L.sub.613 in Formulae 601 and 601-1 may each independently be selected from:

[0325] a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, a spiro-bifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, a dibenzofluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylene group, a perylenylene group, a pentaphenylene group, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, a thiophenylene group, a furanylene group, a carbazolylene group, an indolylene group, an isoindolylene group, a benzofuranylene group, a benzothiophenylene group, a dibenzofuranylene group, a dibenzothiophenylene group, a benzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzosilolylene group, a pyridinylene group, an imidazolylene group, a pyrazolylene group, a thiazolylene group, an isothiazolylene group, an oxazolylene group, an isoxazolylene group, a thiadiazolylene group, an oxadiazolylene group, a pyrazinylene group, a pyrimidinylene group, a pyridazinylene group, a triazinylene group, a quinolinylene group, an isoquinolinylene group, a benzoquinolinylene group, a phthalazinylene group, a naphthyridinylene group, a quinoxalinylene group, a quinazolinylene group, a cinnolinylene group, a phenanthridinylene group, an acridinylene group, a phenanthrolinylene group, a phenazinylene group, a benzimidazolylene group, an isobenzothiazolylene group, a benzoxazolylene group, an isobenzoxazolylene group, a triazolylene group, a tetrazolylene group, an imidazopyridinylene group, an imidazopyrimidinylene group, and an azacarbazolylene group; and

[0326] a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, a spiro-bifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, a dibenzofluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylene group, a perylenylene group, a pentaphenylene group, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, a thiophenylene group, a furanylene group, a carbazolylene group, an indolylene group, an isoindolylene group, a benzofuranylene group, a benzothiophenylene group, a dibenzofuranylene group, a dibenzothiophenylene group, a benzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzosilolylene group, a pyridinylene group, an imidazolylene group, a pyrazolylene group, a thiazolylene group, an isothiazolylene group, an oxazolylene group, an isoxazolylene group, a thiadiazolylene group, an oxadiazolylene group, a pyrazinylene group, a pyrimidinylene group, a pyridazinylene group, a triazinylene group, a quinolinylene group, an isoquinolinylene group, a benzoquinolinylene group, a phthalazinylene group, a naphthyridinylene group, a quinoxalinylene group, a quinazolinylene group, a cinnolinylene group, a phenanthridinylene group, an acridinylene group, a phenanthrolinylene group, a phenazinylene group, a benzimidazolylene group, an isobenzothiazolylene group, a benzoxazolylene group, an isobenzoxazolylene group, a triazolylene group, a tetrazolylene group, an imidazopyridinylene group, an imidazopyrimidinylene group, and an azacarbazolylene group, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, and an azacarbazolyl group, but are not limited thereto.

[0327] but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0328] In one or more embodiments, xe1 and xe611 to xe613 in Formulae 601 and 601-1 may each independently be 0, 1, or 2.

[0329] In one or more embodiments, R.sub.601 and R.sub.611 to R.sub.613 in Formula 601 and 601-1 may each independently be selected from:

[0330] a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, and an azacarbazolyl group;

[0331] a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, and an azacarbazolyl group, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, and an azacarbazolyl group; and

[0332] --S(.dbd.O).sub.2(Q.sub.601) and --P(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.601)(Q.sub.602), and

[0333] Q.sub.601 and Q.sub.602 are the same as described above.

[0334] The electron transport region may include at least one compound selected from Compounds ET1 to ET36, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto:

##STR00071## ##STR00072## ##STR00073## ##STR00074## ##STR00075## ##STR00076## ##STR00077## ##STR00078## ##STR00079## ##STR00080## ##STR00081## ##STR00082##

[0335] In one or more embodiments, the electron transport region may include at least one selected from 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (BCP), 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (Bphen), Alq.sub.3, BAlq, 3-(biphenyl-4-yl)-5-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-4-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole (TAZ), and NTAZ:

##STR00083##

[0336] The thickness of the buffer layer, the hole blocking layer, or the electron controlling layer may each independently be in a range of about 20 .ANG. to about 1,000 .ANG., for example, about 30 .ANG. to about 300 .ANG.. When the thicknesses of the buffer layer, the hole blocking layer, and the electron control layer are within these ranges, the electron blocking layer may have excellent electron blocking characteristics or electron control characteristics without a substantial increase in driving voltage.

[0337] The thickness of the electron transport layer may be in a range of about 100 .ANG. to about 1,000 .ANG., for example, about 150 .ANG. to about 500 .ANG.. When the thickness of the electron transport layer is within the range described above, the electron transport layer may have suitable or satisfactory electron transport characteristics without a substantial increase in driving voltage.

[0338] The electron transport region (for example, the electron transport layer in the electron transport region) may further include, in addition to the materials described above, a metal-containing material.

[0339] The metal-containing material may include at least one selected from alkali metal complex and alkaline earth-metal complex. The alkali metal complex may include a metal ion selected from a Li ion, a Na ion, a K ion, a Rb ion, and a Cs ion, and the alkaline earth-metal complex may include a metal ion selected from a Be ion, a Mg ion, a Ca ion, a Sr ion, and a Ba ion. A ligand coordinated with the metal ion of the alkali metal complex or the alkaline earth-metal complex may be selected from a hydroxy quinoline, a hydroxy isoquinoline, a hydroxy benzoquinoline, a hydroxy acridine, a hydroxy phenanthridine, a hydroxy phenyloxazole, a hydroxy phenylthiazole, a hydroxy diphenyloxadiazole, a hydroxy diphenylthiadiazol, a hydroxy phenylpyridine, a hydroxy phenylbenzimidazole, a hydroxy phenylbenzothiazole, a bipyridine, a phenanthroline, and a cyclopentadiene, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0340] For example, the metal-containing material may include a Li complex. The Li complex may include, for example, Compound ET-D1 (lithium quinolate, LiQ) or ET-D2:

##STR00084##

[0341] The electron transport region may include an electron injection layer that facilitates injection of electrons from the second electrode 190. The electron injection layer may directly contact (e.g., physically contact) the second electrode 190.

[0342] The electron injection layer may have i) a single-layered structure including a single layer including a single material, ii) a single-layered structure including a single layer including a plurality of different materials, or iii) a multi-layered structure having a plurality of layers including a plurality of different materials.

[0343] The electron injection layer may include an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, an alkali metal compound, an alkaline earth-metal compound, a rare earth metal compound, an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth-metal complex, a rare earth metal complex, or any combinations thereof.

[0344] The alkali metal may be selected from Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs. In one embodiment, the alkali metal may be Li, Na, or Cs. In one or more embodiments, the alkali metal may be Li or Cs, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0345] The alkaline earth metal may be selected from Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba.

[0346] The rare earth metal may be selected from Sc, Y, Ce, Tb, Yb, and Gd.

[0347] The alkali metal compound, the alkaline earth-metal compound, and the rare earth metal compound may be selected from oxides and halides (for example, fluorides, chlorides, bromides, or iodides) of the alkali metal, the alkaline earth-metal, and the rare earth metal.

[0348] The alkali metal compound may be selected from alkali metal oxides, such as Li.sub.2O, Cs.sub.2O, or K.sub.2O, and alkali metal halides, such as LiF, NaF, CsF, KF, LiI, NaI, CsI, KI, or RbI. In one embodiment, the alkali metal compound may be selected from LiF, Li.sub.2O, NaF, LiI, NaI, CsI, and KI, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0349] The alkaline earth-metal compound may be selected from alkaline earth-metal oxides, such as BaO, SrO, CaO, Ba.sub.xSr.sub.1-xO (0<x<1), or Ba.sub.xCa.sub.1-xO (0<x<1). In one embodiment, the alkaline earth-metal compound may be selected from BaO, SrO, and CaO, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0350] The rare earth metal compound may be selected from YbF.sub.3, ScF.sub.3, ScO.sub.3, Y.sub.2O.sub.3, Ce.sub.2O.sub.3, GdF.sub.3, and TbF.sub.3. In one embodiment, the rare earth metal compound may be selected from YbF.sub.3, ScF.sub.3, TbF.sub.3, YbI.sub.3, ScI.sub.3, and TbI.sub.3, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0351] The alkali metal complex, the alkaline earth-metal complex, and the rare earth metal complex may include an ion of alkali metal, alkaline earth-metal, and rare earth metal as described above, and a ligand coordinated with a metal ion of the alkali metal complex, the alkaline earth-metal complex, or the rare earth metal complex may be selected from hydroxy quinoline, hydroxy isoquinoline, hydroxy benzoquinoline, hydroxy acridine, hydroxy phenanthridine, hydroxy phenyloxazole, hydroxy phenylthiazole, hydroxy diphenyloxadiazole, hydroxy diphenylthiadiazol, hydroxy phenylpyridine, hydroxy phenylbenzimidazole, hydroxy phenylbenzothiazole, bipyridine, phenanthroline, and cyclopentadiene, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0352] The electron injection layer may consist of an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, an alkali metal compound, an alkaline earth-metal compound, a rare earth metal compound, an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth-metal complex, a rare earth metal complex, or any combinations thereof, as described above. In one or more embodiments, the electron injection layer may further include an organic material. When the electron injection layer further includes an organic material, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, an alkali metal compound, an alkaline earth-metal compound, a rare earth metal compound, an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth-metal complex, a rare earth metal complex, or any combinations thereof may be homogeneously or non-homogeneously dispersed in a matrix including the organic material.

[0353] A thickness of the electron injection layer may be in a range of about 1 .ANG. to about 100 .ANG., for example, about 3 .ANG. to about 90 .ANG.. When the thickness of the electron injection layer is within the range described above, the electron injection layer may have suitable or satisfactory electron injection characteristics without a substantial increase in driving voltage.

Second Electrode 190

[0354] The second electrode 190 may be on the organic layer 150 having such a structure. The second electrode 190 may be a cathode that is an electron injection electrode, and in this regard, a material for forming the second electrode 190 may be a material having a low work function, and such a material may be metal, alloy, an electrically conductive compound, or a combination thereof.

[0355] The second electrode 190 may include at least one selected from lithium (Li), silver (Si), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), aluminum-lithium (Al--Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg--In), magnesium-silver (Mg--Ag), ITO, and IZO, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. The second electrode 190 may be a transmissive electrode, a semi-transmissive electrode, or a reflective electrode.

[0356] The second electrode 190 may have a single-layered structure, or a multi-layered structure including two or more layers.

[0357] Description of FIGS. 2-4

[0358] An organic light-emitting device 20 of FIG. 2 includes a first capping layer 210, a first electrode 110, an organic layer 150, and a second electrode 190 which are sequentially stacked in this stated order. An organic light-emitting device 30 of FIG. 3 includes a first electrode 110, an organic layer 150, a second electrode 190, and a second capping layer 220 which are sequentially stacked in this stated order. An organic light-emitting device 40 of FIG. 4 includes a first capping layer 210, a first electrode 110, an organic layer 150, a second electrode 190, and a second capping layer 220.

[0359] Regarding FIGS. 2-4, the first electrode 110, the organic layer 150, and the second electrode 190 may be understood by referring to the description presented in connection with FIG. 1.

[0360] In the organic layer 150 of each of the organic light-emitting devices 20 and 40, light generated in an emission layer may pass through the first electrode 110, which is a semi-transmissive electrode or a transmissive electrode, and the first capping layer 210 toward the outside, and in the organic layer 150 of each of the organic light-emitting devices 30 and 40, light generated in an emission layer may pass through the second electrode 190, which is a semi-transmissive electrode or a transmissive electrode, and the second capping layer 220 toward the outside.

[0361] The first capping layer 210 and the second capping layer 220 may increase external luminescent efficiency according to the principle of constructive interference.

[0362] The first capping layer 210 and the second capping layer 220 may each independently be an organic capping layer including an organic material, an inorganic capping layer including an inorganic material, or a composite capping layer including an organic material and an inorganic material.

[0363] At least one selected from the first capping layer 210 and the second capping layer 220 may each independently include at least one material selected from carbocyclic compounds, heterocyclic compounds, amine-based compounds, porphyrine derivatives, phthalocyanine derivatives, a naphthalocyanine derivatives, alkali metal complexes, and alkaline earth-based complexes. The carbocyclic compound, the heterocyclic compound, and the amine-based compound may be optionally substituted with a substituent containing at least one element selected from O, N, S, Se, Si, F, Cl, Br, and I. In one embodiment, at least one selected from the first capping layer 210 and the second capping layer 220 may each independently include an amine-based compound.

[0364] In one embodiment, at least one selected from the first capping layer 210 and the second capping layer 220 may each independently include the compound represented by Formula 201 or the compound represented by Formula 202.

[0365] In one or more embodiments, at least one selected from the first capping layer 210 and the second capping layer 220 may each independently include a compound selected from Compounds HT28 to HT33 and Compounds CP1 to CP5, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto:

##STR00085##

[0366] Hereinbefore, the organic light-emitting device according to an embodiment has been described in connection with FIGS. 1-4. However, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0367] Layers constituting the hole transport region, an emission layer, and layers constituting the electron transport region may be formed in a certain region by using one or more suitable methods selected from vacuum deposition, spin coating, casting, Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) deposition, ink-jet printing, laser-printing, and laser-induced thermal imaging.

[0368] When layers constituting the hole transport region, an emission layer, and layers constituting the electron transport region are formed by vacuum deposition, the deposition may be performed at a deposition temperature of about 100.degree. C. to about 500.degree. C., a vacuum degree of about 10.sup.-8 torr to about 10.sup.-3 torr, and a deposition speed of about 0.01 .ANG./sec to about 100 .ANG./sec by taking into account a material to be included in a layer to be formed, and the structure of a layer to be formed.

[0369] When layers constituting the hole transport region, an emission layer, and layers constituting the electron transport region are formed by spin coating, the spin coating may be performed at a coating speed of about 2,000 rpm to about 5,000 rpm and at a heat treatment temperature of about 80.degree. C. to 200.degree. C., depending on a material to be included in a layer and the structure of each layer to be formed.

[0370] The term "C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkyl group," as used herein, refers to a linear or branched saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon monovalent group having 1 to 60 carbon atoms, and non-limiting examples thereof include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isobutyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, a pentyl group, an isoamyl group, and a hexyl group. The term "C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkylene group," as used herein, refers to a divalent group having substantially the same structure as the C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkyl group.

[0371] The term "C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkenyl group," as used herein refers to a hydrocarbon group formed by substituting at least one carbon-carbon double bond at a main chain (e.g., in the middle) or at a terminus of the C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkyl group, and non-limiting examples thereof include an ethenyl group, a propenyl group, and a butenyl group. The term "C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkenylene group," as used herein, refers to a divalent group having substantially the same structure as the C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkenyl group.

[0372] The term "C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkynyl group," as used herein, refers to a hydrocarbon group formed by substituting at least one carbon-carbon triple bond at a main chain (e.g., in the middle) or at a terminus of the C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkyl group, and non-limiting examples thereof include an ethynyl group, and a propynyl group. The term "C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkynylene group," as used herein, refers to a divalent group having substantially the same structure as the C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkynyl group.

[0373] The term "C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkoxy group," as used herein, refers to a monovalent group represented by --OA.sub.101 (wherein A.sub.101 is the C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkyl group), and non-limiting examples thereof include a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, and an isopropyloxy group.

[0374] The term "C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group," as used herein, refers to a monovalent saturated hydrocarbon monocyclic group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, and non-limiting examples thereof include a cyclopropyl group, a cyclobutyl group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, and a cycloheptyl group. The term "C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkylene group," as used herein, refers to a divalent group having substantially the same structure as the C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group.

[0375] The term "C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkyl group," as used herein, refers to a monovalent saturated monocyclic group having at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, and S as a ring-forming atom and 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and non-limiting examples thereof include a 1,2,3,4-oxatriazolidinyl group, a tetrahydrofuranyl group, a tetrahydrothiophenyl group. The term "C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkylene group," as used herein, refers to a divalent group having substantially the same structure as the C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkyl group.

[0376] The term "C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenyl group," as used herein, refers to a monovalent monocyclic group that has 3 to 10 carbon atoms and at least one carbon-carbon double bond in the ring thereof and no aromaticity (e.g., the entire ring, group, and/or molecule is not aromatic), and non-limiting examples thereof include a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, and a cycloheptenyl group. The term "C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenylene group," as used herein, refers to a divalent group having substantially the same structure as the C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenyl group.

[0377] The term "C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenyl group," as used herein, refers to a monovalent monocyclic group that has at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, and S as a ring-forming atom, 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and at least one carbon-carbon double bond in its ring. Non-limiting examples of the C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenyl group include a 4,5-dihydro-1,2,3,4-oxatriazolyl group, a 2,3-dihydrofuranyl group, and a 2,3-dihydrothiophenyl group. The term "C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenylene group," as used herein, refers to a divalent group having substantially the same structure as the C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenyl group.

[0378] The term "C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group," as used herein, refers to a monovalent group having a carbocyclic aromatic system having 6 to 60 carbon atoms, and the term "C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylene group," as used herein, refers to a divalent group having a carbocyclic aromatic system having 6 to 60 carbon atoms. Non-limiting examples of the C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group include a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, a pyrenyl group, and a chrysenyl group. When the C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group and the C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylene group each include two or more rings, the rings may be fused to each other (e.g., combined together).

[0379] The term "C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group," as used herein, refers to a monovalent group having a heterocyclic aromatic system that has at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, and S as a ring-forming atom, in addition to 1 to 60 carbon atoms. The term "C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroarylene group," as used herein, refers to a divalent group having a heterocyclic aromatic system that has at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, and S as a ring-forming atom, in addition to 1 to 60 carbon atoms. Non-limiting examples of the C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group include a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, and an isoquinolinyl group. When the C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group and the C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroarylene group each include two or more rings, the rings may be fused to each other (e.g., combined together).

[0380] The term "C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryloxy group," as used herein, refers to --OA.sub.102 (wherein A.sub.102 is the C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group), and a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylthio group used herein indicates --SA.sub.103 (wherein A.sub.103 is the C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group).

[0381] The term "monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group," as used herein, refers to a monovalent group (for example, having 8 to 60 carbon atoms) having two or more rings condensed with each other (e.g., combined together), only carbon atoms as ring-forming atoms, and no aromaticity in its entire molecular structure (e.g., the entire group and/or molecule is not aromatic). An example of the monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group is a fluorenyl group. The term "divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group," as used herein, refers to a divalent group having substantially the same structure as the monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group.

[0382] The term "monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group," as used herein, refers to a monovalent group (for example, having 1 to 60 carbon atoms) having two or more rings condensed to each other (e.g., combined together), at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, and S, other than carbon atoms, as a ring-forming atom, and no aromaticity in its entire molecular structure (e.g., the entire group and/or molecule is not aromatic). An example of the monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group is a carbazolyl group. The term "divalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group," as used herein refers to a divalent group having substantially the same structure as the monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group.

[0383] The term "C.sub.5-C.sub.60 carbocyclic group," as used herein, refers to a monocyclic or polycyclic group having 5 to 60 carbon atoms in which a ring-forming atom is a carbon atom only. The C.sub.5-C.sub.60 carbocyclic group may be an aromatic carbocyclic group or a non-aromatic carbocyclic group. The C.sub.5-C.sub.60 carbocyclic group may be a ring, such as benzene, a monovalent group, such as a phenyl group, or a divalent group, such as a phenylene group. In one or more embodiments, depending on the number of substituents connected to the C.sub.5-C.sub.60 carbocyclic group, the C.sub.5-C.sub.60 carbocyclic group may be a trivalent group or a quadrivalent group.

[0384] The term "C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heterocyclic group," as used herein, refers to a group having substantially the same structure as the C.sub.1-C.sub.60 carbocyclic group, except that as a ring-forming atom, at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, and S is used in addition to carbon (the number of carbon atoms may be in a range of 1 to 60).

[0385] At least one substituent of the substituted C.sub.5-C.sub.60 carbocyclic group, the substituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heterocyclic group, the substituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkylene group, the substituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkylene group, the substituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenylene group, the substituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenylene group, the substituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylene group, the substituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroarylene group, substituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, substituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, the substituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkyl group, the substituted C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkenyl group, the substituted C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkynyl group, the substituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkoxy group, the substituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group, the substituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkyl group, the substituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenyl group, the substituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenyl group, the substituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, the substituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryloxy group, the substituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylthio group, the substituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group may be selected from:

[0386] deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkenyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkynyl group, and a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkoxy group;

[0387] a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkenyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkynyl group, and a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkoxy group, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkyl group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryloxy group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylthio group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, --Si(Q.sub.11)(Q.sub.12)(Q.sub.13), --N(Q.sub.11)(Q.sub.12), --B(Q.sub.11)(Q.sub.12), --C(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.11), --S(.dbd.O).sub.2(Q.sub.11), and --P(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.11)(Q.sub.12);

[0388] a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkyl group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryloxy group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylthio group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group;

[0389] a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkyl group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryloxy group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylthio group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkenyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkynyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkoxy group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkyl group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryloxy group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylthio group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, --Si(Q.sub.21)(Q.sub.22)(Q.sub.23), --N(Q.sub.21)(Q.sub.22), --B(Q.sub.21)(Q.sub.22), --C(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.21), --S(.dbd.O).sub.2(Q.sub.21), and --P(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.21)(Q.sub.22); and

[0390] --Si(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32)(Q.sub.33), --N(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32), --B(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32), --C(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.31), --S(.dbd.O).sub.2(Q.sub.31), and --P(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32), and

[0391] Q.sub.11 to Q.sub.13, Q.sub.21 to Q.sub.23, and Q.sub.31 to Q.sub.33 may each independently be selected from hydrogen, deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkenyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkynyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkoxy group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkyl group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, a biphenyl group, and a terphenyl group.

[0392] The term "Ph," as used herein, may refer to a phenyl group; the term "Me," as used herein, may refer to a methyl group; the term "Et," as used herein, may refer to an ethyl group; the terms "ter-Bu" or "Bu.sup.t," as used herein, may refer to a tert-butyl group; and the term "OMe," as used herein, may refer to a methoxy group.

[0393] The term "biphenyl group," as used herein, refers to "a phenyl group substituted with a phenyl group." In other words, the "biphenyl group" is a substituted phenyl group having a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group as a substituent.

[0394] The term "terphenyl group," as used herein, refers to "a phenyl group substituted with a biphenyl group." In other words, the "terphenyl group" is a phenyl group having, as a substituent, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group substituted with a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group.

[0395] * and *' used herein, unless defined otherwise, each refer to a binding site to a neighboring atom in a corresponding formula.

[0396] Hereinafter, a compound according to embodiments and an organic light-emitting device according to embodiments will be described in more detail with reference to Synthesis Examples and Examples. The wording "B was used instead of A" used in describing Synthesis Examples and Examples refers to that an identical (or a substantially identical) molar equivalent of B was used in place of A.

EXAMPLES

Synthesis Example 1: Synthesis of Compound 2

##STR00086## ##STR00087##

[0397] Synthesis of Intermediate 2-1

[0398] 1,3,5-tribromobenzene (9.3 g) and phenylboronic acid (3.6 g), Pd(PPh.sub.3).sub.4(1 g), and K.sub.2CO.sub.3 (12 g) were diluted with THF (120 ml) and water (40 ml), and the mixed solution was stirred under reflux at a temperature of 60.degree. C. for 15 hours. When the reaction was completed, the temperature was lowered to room temperature, and an extraction process was performed thereon three times by using ethyl acetate. The extract obtained therefrom was dried by using magnesium sulfate anhydrous, and then, was subjected to filtration under reduced pressure and distillation under reduced pressure. The filtrate obtained therefrom was separated and purified by column chromatography, thereby obtaining Intermediate 2-1 (6.2 g, 67%).

[0399] [M+] C.sub.12H.sub.8Br.sub.2 calc'd: 309.90; found: 309.93 .

Synthesis of Intermediate 2-2

[0400] Intermediate 2-2 (3.7 g, 50%) was synthesized in substantially the same manner as in the synthesis of Intermediate 2-1, except that Intermediate 2-1 (6.2 g) and (4-chlorophenyl)boronic acid (6.3 g) were used instead of 1,3,5-tribromobenzene and phenylboronic acid, respectively.

[0401] [M+] C.sub.24H.sub.16Cl.sub.2 calc'd: 374.06; found: 374.09.

Synthesis of Intermediate 2-3

[0402] Intermediate 2-2 (3.7 g), Pd.sub.2(dna).sub.3 (300 mg), KOtBu (2.7 g), and P(tBu).sub.3 (0.2 ml) were diluted with toluene (50 ml) in a reaction container, and aniline (2.5 g) was added thereto. The reaction container was then stirred under reflux at a temperature of 100.degree. C. for 18 hours. When the reaction was completed, the temperature was slowed lowered to room temperature, and the reaction was terminated by adding water. An extraction process was performed thereon three times by using diethyl ether. The extract obtained therefrom was dried by using magnesium sulfate anhydrous, and then, was subjected to filtration under reduced pressure and distillation under reduced pressure. The filtrate obtained therefrom was separated and purified by column chromatography, thereby obtaining Intermediate 2-3 (4.5 g, 94%).

[0403] [M+] C.sub.36H.sub.28N.sub.2 calc'd: 488.23; found: 488.26.

Synthesis of Intermediate 2-4

[0404] Intermediate 2-4 (4.2 g, 72%) was synthesized in substantially the same manner as in the synthesis of Intermediate 2-3, except that Intermediate 2-3 (4.5 g) and 4-bromo-1,1'-biphenyl (2.3 g) were used instead of Intermediate 2-2 and aniline, respectively.

[0405] [M+] C.sub.48H.sub.36N.sub.2 calc'd: 640.29; found: 640.30.

Synthesis of Compound 2

[0406] Compound 2 (3.8 g, 72%) was synthesized in substantially the same manner as in the synthesis of Intermediate 2-3, except that Intermediate 2-4 (4.2 g) and 3-bromodibenzo[b,d]furan (2 g) were used instead of Intermediate 2-2 and aniline, respectively.

Synthesis Example 2: Synthesis of Compound 6

##STR00088##

[0408] Compound 6 (3.3 g, 80%) was synthesized in substantially the same manner as in the synthesis of Intermediate 2-3, except that Intermediate 2-3 (2.4 g) and 3-bromodibenzo[b,d]furan (2.6 g) were used instead of Intermediate 2-2 and aniline, respectively.

Synthesis Example 3: Synthesis of Compound 10

##STR00089##

[0409] Synthesis of Intermediate 10-1

[0410] Intermediate 10-1 (4.8 g, 78%) was synthesized in substantially the same manner as in the synthesis of Intermediate 2-3, except that Intermediate 2-3 (3.7 g) and 2-bromonaphthalene (2.1 g) were used instead of Intermediate 2-2 and aniline, respectively.

[0411] [M+] C.sub.46H.sub.34N.sub.2 calc'd: 614.27; found: 614.28.

Synthesis of Compound 10

[0412] Compound 10 (4.3 g, 78%) was synthesized in substantially the same manner as in the synthesis of Compound 2, except that Intermediate 10-1 (4.2 g) was used instead of Intermediate 2-4.

Synthesis Example 4: Synthesis of Compound 14

##STR00090##

[0414] Compound 14 (2.8 g, 68%) was synthesized in substantially the same manner as in the synthesis of Compound 2, except that Intermediate 2-4 (3.2 g) and 2-bromo-9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluorene (1.6 g) were used instead of Intermediate 2-3 and 4-bromo-1,1'-biphenyl, respectively.

Synthesis Example 5: Synthesis of Compound 22

##STR00091##

[0416] Compound 22 (3.4 g, 71%) was synthesized in substantially the same manner as in the synthesis of Compound 2, except that Intermediate 2-4 (3.2 g) and 2-bromo-9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluorene (2.1 g) were used instead of 4.2 g of Intermediate and 3-bromodibenzo[b,d]furan, respectively.

Synthesis Example 6: Synthesis of Compound 35

##STR00092## ##STR00093##

[0417] Synthesis of Intermediate 35-1

[0418] Intermediate 35-1 (7.2 g, 67%) was synthesized in substantially the same manner as in the synthesis of Intermediate 2-1, except that naphthalen-2-ylboronic acid (5.1 g) was used instead of phenylboronic acid.

[0419] [M+] C.sub.16H.sub.10Br.sub.2 calc'd: 359.91; found: 360.00.

Synthesis of Intermediate 35-2

[0420] Intermediate 35-2 (6.3 g, 67%) was synthesized in substantially the same manner as in the synthesis of Intermediate 2-1, except that Intermediate 35-1 (7.2 g) was used instead of 1,3,5-tribromobenzene.

[0421] [M+] C.sub.28H.sub.18Cl.sub.2 calc'd: 424.08; found: 424.10.

Synthesis of Intermediate 35-3

[0422] Intermediate 35-3 (4.6 g, 58%) was synthesized in substantially the same manner as in the synthesis of Intermediate 2-3, except that Intermediate 35-2 (6.3 g) was used instead of Intermediate 2-2.

[0423] [M+] C.sub.40H.sub.30N.sub.2 calc'd: 538.24; found: 538.25.

Synthesis of Intermediate 35-4

[0424] Intermediate 35-4 (5.6 g, 73%) was synthesized in substantially the same manner as in the synthesis of Intermediate 2-4, except that Intermediate 35-3 (4.6 g) was used instead of Intermediate 2-3.

[0425] [M+] C.sub.52H.sub.38N.sub.2 calc'd: 690.30; found: 690.31.

Synthesis of Compound 35

[0426] Compound 35 (4.3 g, 69%) was synthesized in substantially the same manner as in the synthesis of Compound 2, except that Intermediate 35-4 (5 g) and 2-bromodibenzo[b,d]furan (1.8 g) were used instead of Intermediate 2-4 and 3-bromodibenzo[b,d]furan, respectively.

[0427] The compounds synthesized according to Synthesis Examples 1 to 6 were subjected to .sup.1H NMR and MS/FAB analysis, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0428] Synthesis methods for compounds other than the compounds shown in Table 1 may be readily recognized by one of ordinary skill in the art by referring to the synthetic routes and the raw materials described herein above.

TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 MS/FAB Compound .sup.1H NMR (CDCl.sub.3 , 400 MHz) found calc. 2 8.04(s, 3H), 8.03(m, 1H), 7.98(dd, 806.34 806.33 1H), , 7.8-7.68(m, 5H), 7.58-7.37(m, 21H), 7.31(m, 1H), 7.24(dd, 4H), 7.08(td, 4H), 7(m, 1H), 6.91(dd, 1H) 6 8.04(s, 2H). 8.03(dd, 2H), 7.98(d, 2H), 820.31 820.31 7.8(m, 2H), 7.75(m,4H), 7.56- 7.36(m, 16H), 7.31(m, 2H), 7.24(dd, 4H), 7.08(m,, 4H), 7(td, 2H), 6.91(d, 2H) 10 8.04(s, 3H), 8.03(m, 1H), 7.98(dd, 780.33 780.31 1H), , 7.8-7.68(m, 5H), 7.58-7.37(m, 17H), 7.31(m, 1H), 7.24(dd, 4H), 7.08(td, 3H), 7(m, 2H), 6.91(dd, 1H) 14 8.04(s, 3H), 7.9-7.75(m, 6H), 833.13 833.09 7.55-7.48(m, 11H), 7.41- 7.24(m, 15H), 7.16(dd, 1H), 7.08(m, 4H), 7(dt, 2H), 1.69(s, 6H) 22 8.04(s, 3H), 7.9(dd, 1H), 7.86(d, 1H), 956.43 956.41 7.75(m, 4H), 7.55-7.48(m, 11H), 7.41-7.32(m, 14H), 7.29-7.23(m, 9H), 7.18-7.1(m, 11H), 7.0(dt, 2H) 35 8.22(2, 1H), 8.09-8.03(m, 5H), 856.36 856.35 7.99m, (2H), 7.75(m, 2H), 7.63- 7.48(m, 13H), 7.41-7.30(m, 10H), 7.25-7.25(m, 4H), 7.08-6.96(m, 7H)

Comparative Example 1

[0429] For use as an anode, a 15 .OMEGA./cm.sup.2 (1,200 .ANG.) ITO glass substrate (available from Corning Co., Ltd) was cut to a size of 50 mm.times.50 mm.times.0.7 mm, sonicated in isopropyl alcohol and pure water for 5 minutes in each solvent, and cleaned by exposure to ultraviolet rays and ozone for 30 minutes. Subsequently, the ITO glass substrate was mounted on a vacuum deposition apparatus.

[0430] First, Compound 2-TNATA which is an existing material for forming a hole injection layer was vacuum-deposited on the ITO glass substrate to form a hole injection layer having a thickness of 600 .ANG., and then, Compound 4,4'-bis[N-(1-naphthyl)-N-phenylamino]biphenyl (hereinafter, referred to as NPB) which is a hole transporting material, was vacuum-deposited on the hole injection layer to form a hole transport layer having a thickness of 300 .ANG..

[0431] On the hole transport layer, 9,10-di(naphthalen-2-yl)anthracene (hereinafter, referred to as DNA) as a blue fluorescent host and 4,4'-bis[2-(4-(N,N-diphenylamino)phenyl)vinyl]biphenyl (hereinafter, referred to as DPAVBi) as a blue fluorescent dopant were co-doposited to a weight ratio of 98:2 to form an emission layer having a thickness of 300 .ANG..

[0432] Subsequently, Alq.sub.3 was deposited on the emission layer to form an electron transport layer having a thickness of 300 .ANG., and LiF which is a halogenated alkali metal was deposited on the electron transport layer to form an electron injection layer having a thickness of 10 .ANG.. Al was vacuum-deposited on the electron injection layer to form a cathode electrode having a thickness of 3,000 .ANG. to form a LiF/Al electrode, thereby completing the manufacture of an organic light-emitting device:

##STR00094##

Examples 1 to 6

[0433] Organic light-emitting devices were manufactured in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, except that respective compounds shown in Table 2 were used instead of NPB in the formation of the hole transport layer.

Comparative Examples 2 to 5

[0434] Organic light-emitting devices were manufactured in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, except that respective Compounds A to D were used instead of NPB in the formation of the hole transport layer.

##STR00095##

Evaluation Example 1

[0435] The driving voltage, emission efficiency, and color coordinates of the organic light-emitting devices manufactured in Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 were measured by using a Keithley SMU 236 and a PR650 luminance meter at 600 nit. The results thereof are shown in Table 2.

TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Half Hole Driving Current lifespan transport voltage density Brightness Efficiency Emission (hr material (V) (mA/cm.sup.2) (cd/m.sup.2) (cd/A) color @100 mA/cm.sup.2) Comparative NPB 7.01 50 2645 5.29 Blue 258 Example 1 Example 1 Compound 2 4.32 50 3630 7.26 Blue 353 Example 2 Compound 6 4.21 50 3440 6.88 Blue 333 Example 3 Compound 4.20 50 3750 7.50 Blue 324 10 Example 4 Compound 4.26 50 3730 7.46 Blue 371 14 Example 5 Compound 4.26 50 3670 7.34 Blue 332 22 Example 6 Compound 4.25 50 3675 7.35 Blue 392 35 Comparative NPB 7.01 50 2645 5.29 Blue 258 Example 1 Comparative Compound A 9.01 50 1561 3.12 Blue 102 Example 2 Comparative Compound B 5.32 50 2815 5.63 Blue 287 Example 3 Comparative Compound C 6.42 50 2431 4.86 Blue 224 Example 4 Comparative Compound D 6.67 50 2210 4.42 Blue 198 Example 5

[0436] Referring to Table 2, it was confirmed that the organic light-emitting devices manufactured in Examples 1 to 6 had lower deriving voltage and better efficiency than those of the organic light-emitting devices manufactured in Comparative Examples 1 to 5. In addition, the organic light-emitting devices manufactured in Examples 1 to 6 exhibited better brightness and longer lifespan characteristics than those of the organic light-emitting devices manufactured in Comparative Examples 1 to 5.

[0437] According to the one or more embodiments, an organic light-emitting device including an amine compound may have low driving voltage, high brightness, high efficiency, and long lifespan.

[0438] It should be understood that embodiments described herein should be considered in a descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation. Descriptions of features or aspects within each embodiment should typically be considered as available for other similar features or aspects in other embodiments.

[0439] It will be understood that, although the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another element, component, region, layer or section. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer or section described below could be termed a second element, component, region, layer or section, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

[0440] Spatially relative terms, such as "beneath," "below," "lower," "under," "above," "upper," and the like, may be used herein for ease of explanation to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element(s) or feature(s) as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or in operation, in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "below" or "beneath" or "under" other elements or features would then be oriented "above" the other elements or features. Thus, the example terms "below" and "under" can encompass both an orientation of above and below. The device may be otherwise oriented (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein should be interpreted accordingly.

[0441] It will be understood that when an element or layer is referred to as being "on," "connected to," or "coupled to" another element or layer, it can be directly on, connected to, or coupled to the other element or layer, or one or more intervening elements or layers may be present. In addition, it will also be understood that when an element or layer is referred to as being "between" two elements or layers, it can be the only element or layer between the two elements or layers, or one or more intervening elements or layers may also be present.

[0442] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms "a" and "an" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes," and "including," when used in this specification, specify the presence of the stated features, integers, acts, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, acts, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.

[0443] As used herein, the terms "substantially," "about," and similar terms are used as terms of approximation and not as terms of degree, and are intended to account for the inherent deviations in measured or calculated values that would be recognized by those of ordinary skill in the art. Further, the use of "may" when describing embodiments of the present disclosure refers to "one or more embodiments of the present disclosure." As used herein, the terms "use," "using," and "used" may be considered synonymous with the terms "utilize," "utilizing," and "utilized," respectively. Also, the term "exemplary" is intended to refer to an example or illustration.

[0444] Also, any numerical range recited herein is intended to include all subranges of the same numerical precision subsumed within the recited range. For example, a range of "1.0 to 10.0" is intended to include all subranges between (and including) the recited minimum value of 1.0 and the recited maximum value of 10.0, that is, having a minimum value equal to or greater than 1.0 and a maximum value equal to or less than 10.0, such as, for example, 2.4 to 7.6. Any maximum numerical limitation recited herein is intended to include all lower numerical limitations subsumed therein, and any minimum numerical limitation recited in this specification is intended to include all higher numerical limitations subsumed therein. Accordingly, Applicant reserves the right to amend this specification, including the claims, to expressly recite any sub-range subsumed within the ranges expressly recited herein.

[0445] While one or more embodiments have been described with reference to the figures, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the following claims, and equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. An organic light-emitting device comprising: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; and an organic layer between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the organic layer comprises an emission layer, and wherein the organic light-emitting device comprises at least one amine compound represented by Formula 1: ##STR00096## wherein, in Formulae 1 and 2, X.sub.1 is N or C(R.sub.1), X.sub.2 is N or C(R.sub.2), X.sub.3 is N or C(R.sub.3), X.sub.4 is N or C(R.sub.4), L.sub.1 to L.sub.2 and L.sub.11 to L.sub.14 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-C.sub.60 carbocyclic group or a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heterocyclic group, a11 to a14 are each independently an integer from 0 to 5, Ar.sub.1 to Ar.sub.3 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, --Si(Q.sub.1)(Q.sub.2)(Q.sub.3), --N(Q.sub.1)(Q.sub.2), --B(Q.sub.1)(Q.sub.2), --C(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.1), --S(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.1), or --P(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.1)(Q.sub.2), Ar.sub.4 is a group represented by Formula 2, X.sub.10 is N(R.sub.31), O, S, C(R.sub.32)(R.sub.33), or Si(R.sub.34)(R.sub.35), A.sub.10 and A.sub.20 are each independently a C.sub.5-C.sub.60 carbocyclic group or a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heterocyclic group, R.sub.1 to R.sub.4, R.sub.10 to R.sub.20, and R.sub.31 to R.sub.35 are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, --Si(Q.sub.1)(Q.sub.2)(Q.sub.3), --N(Q.sub.1)(Q.sub.2), --B(Q.sub.1)(Q.sub.2), --C(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.1), --S(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.1), or --P(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.1)(Q.sub.2), any two neighboring groups selected from R.sub.1 to R.sub.4, R.sub.10 to R.sub.20, and R.sub.32 to R.sub.35 are optionally linked with each other to form a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.4-C.sub.60 carbocyclic group or a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-C.sub.60 heterocyclic group, b10 and b20 are each independently an integer from 1 to 8, * indicates a binding site to a neighboring atom, at least one substituent of the substituted C.sub.3-C.sub.60 carbocyclic group, the substituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heterocyclic group, the substituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkyl group, the substituted C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkenyl group, the substituted C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkynyl group, the substituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkoxy group, the substituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group, the substituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkyl group, the substituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenyl group, the substituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenyl group, the substituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, the substituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryloxy group, the substituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylthio group, the substituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group is selected from: deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkenyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkynyl group, and a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkoxy group; a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkenyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkynyl group, and a C.sub.1-C.sub.60alkoxy group, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkyl group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryloxy group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylthio group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, --Si(Q.sub.11)(Q.sub.12)(Q.sub.13), --N(Q.sub.11)(Q.sub.12), --B(Q.sub.11)(Q.sub.12), --C(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.11), --S(.dbd.O).sub.2(Q.sub.11), and --P(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.11)(Q.sub.12); a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkyl group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryloxy group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylthio group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group; a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkyl group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryloxy group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylthio group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkenyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkynyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkoxy group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkyl group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryloxy group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylthio group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, --Si(Q.sub.21)(Q.sub.22)(Q.sub.23), --N(Q.sub.21)(Q.sub.22), --B(Q.sub.21)(Q.sub.22), --C(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.21), --S(.dbd.O).sub.2(Q.sub.21), and --P(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.21)(Q.sub.22); and --Si(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32)(Q.sub.33), --N(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32), --B(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32), --C(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.31), --S(.dbd.O).sub.2(Q.sub.31), and --P(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32), and Q.sub.1 to Q.sub.3, Q.sub.11 to Q.sub.13, Q.sub.21 to Q.sub.23, and Q.sub.31 to Q.sub.33 are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkenyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkynyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkoxy group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkyl group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, a biphenyl group, and a terphenyl group.

2. The organic light-emitting device of claim 1, wherein: the first electrode is an anode, the second electrode is a cathode, and the organic layer further comprises a hole transport region between the first electrode and the emission layer and an electron transport region between the emission layer and the second electrode, the hole transport region comprises a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an emission auxiliary layer, an electron blocking layer, or any combination thereof, and the electron transport region comprises a hole blocking layer, electron transport layer, electron injection layer, or any combination thereof.

3. The organic light-emitting device of claim 2, wherein: the hole transport region comprises the amine compound represented by Formula 1.

4. The organic light-emitting device of claim 3, wherein: the hole transport region comprises a hole transport layer, and the hole transport layer comprises the amine compound represented by Formula 1.

5. The organic light-emitting device of claim 4, wherein: the hole transport region further comprises a p-dopant having a lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) level of -3.5 eV or less.

6. The organic light-emitting device of claim 3, wherein: the emission layer comprises a host and a dopant, and the dopant is a fluorescent dopant comprising a styryl-based compound.

7. The organic light-emitting device of claim 3, wherein: the emission layer comprises a host and a dopant, and the dopant is a phosphorescent dopant.

8. The organic light-emitting device of claim 2, wherein: the electron transport region comprises an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, an alkali metal compound, alkaline earth metal compound, a rare earth metal compound, an alkali metal complex, alkaline earth metal complex, a rare earth metal complex, or any combination thereof.

9. An amine-based compound represented by Formula 1: ##STR00097## wherein, in Formulae 1 and 2, X.sub.1 is N or C(R.sub.1), X.sub.2 is N or C(R.sub.2), X.sub.3 is N or C(R.sub.3), X.sub.4 is N or C(R.sub.4), L.sub.1 to L.sub.2 and L.sub.11 to L.sub.14 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-C.sub.60 carbocyclic group or a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heterocyclic group, a11 to a14 are each independently an integer from 0 to 5, Ar.sub.1 to Ar.sub.3 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, --Si(Q.sub.1)(Q.sub.2)(Q.sub.3), --N(Q.sub.1)(Q.sub.2), --B(Q.sub.1)(Q.sub.2), --C(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.1), --S(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.1), or --P(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.1)(Q.sub.2), Ar.sub.4 is a group represented by Formula 2, X.sub.10 is N(R.sub.31), O, S, C(R.sub.32)(R.sub.33), or Si(R.sub.34)(R.sub.35), A.sub.10 and A.sub.20 are each independently a C.sub.5-C.sub.60 carbocyclic group or C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heterocyclic group, R.sub.1 to R.sub.4, R.sub.10 to R.sub.20, and R.sub.31 to R.sub.35 are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, --Si(Q.sub.1)(Q.sub.2)(Q.sub.3), --N(Q.sub.1)(Q.sub.2), --B(Q.sub.1)(Q.sub.2), --C(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.1), --S(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.1), or --P(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.1)(Q.sub.2), any two neighboring groups selected from R.sub.1 to R.sub.4, R.sub.10 to R.sub.20, and R.sub.32 to R.sub.35 are optionally be linked with each other to form a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.4-C.sub.60 carbocyclic group or a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-C.sub.60 heterocyclic group, b10 and b20 are each independently an integer from 1 to 8, * indicates a binding site to a neighboring atom, at least one substituent of the substituted C.sub.3-C.sub.60 carbocyclic group, the substituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heterocyclic group, the substituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkyl group, the substituted C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkenyl group, the substituted C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkynyl group, the substituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkoxy group, the substituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group, the substituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkyl group, the substituted C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenyl group, the substituted C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenyl group, the substituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, the substituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryloxy group, the substituted C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylthio group, the substituted C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group is selected from: deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkenyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkynyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkoxy group; a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkenyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkynyl group, and a C.sub.1-C.sub.60alkoxy group, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkyl group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryloxy group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylthio group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, --Si(Q.sub.11)(Q.sub.12)(Q.sub.13), --N(Q.sub.11)(Q.sub.12), --B(Q.sub.11)(Q.sub.12), --C(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.11), --S(.dbd.O).sub.2(Q.sub.11), and --P(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.11)(Q.sub.12); a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkyl group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryloxy group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylthio group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group; a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkyl group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryloxy group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylthio group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkenyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkynyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkoxy group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkyl group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryloxy group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylthio group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, --Si(Q.sub.21)(Q.sub.22)(Q.sub.23), --N(Q.sub.21)(Q.sub.22), --B(Q.sub.21)(Q.sub.22), --C(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.21), --S(.dbd.O).sub.2(Q.sub.21), and --P(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.21)(Q.sub.22); and --Si(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32)(Q.sub.33), --N(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32), --B(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32), --C(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.31), --S(.dbd.O).sub.2(Q.sub.31), and --P(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32), and Q.sub.1 to Q.sub.3, Q.sub.11 to Q.sub.13, Q.sub.21 to Q.sub.23, and Q.sub.31 to Q.sub.33 are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkenyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkynyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkoxy group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkyl group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, a biphenyl group, and a terphenyl group.

10. The amine compound of claim 9, wherein: L.sub.1 to L.sub.2 are each independently selected from: a benzene group; and a benzene group substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkenyl group, a C.sub.2-C.sub.60 alkynyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 alkoxy group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkyl group, a C.sub.3-C.sub.10 cycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 heterocycloalkenyl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryl group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 aryloxy group, a C.sub.6-C.sub.60 arylthio group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.60 heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, --Si(Q.sub.21)(Q.sub.22)(Q.sub.23), --N(Q.sub.21)(Q.sub.22), --B(Q.sub.21)(Q.sub.22), --C(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.21), --S(.dbd.O).sub.2(Q.sub.21), and --P(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.21)(Q.sub.22).

11. The amine compound of claim 9, wherein: L.sub.11 to L.sub.14 are each independently selected from: a phenylene group, a pentalenylene group, an indenylene group, a naphthylene group, an azulenylene group, a heptalenylene group, an indacenylene group, an acenaphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, a spiro-bifluorenylene group, a spiro-fluorene-benzofluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, a dibenzofluorenylene group, a phenalenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylene group, a naphthacenylene group, a picenylene group, a perylenylene group, a pentaphenylene group, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, a rubicenylene group, a coronenylene group, and an ovalenylene group and a phenylene group, a pentalenylene group, an indenylene group, a naphthylene group, an azulenylene group, a heptalenylene group, an indacenylene group, an acenaphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, a spiro-bifluorenylene group, a spiro-fluorene-benzofluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, a dibenzofluorenylene group, a phenalenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylene group, a naphthacenylene group, a picenylene group, a perylenylene group, a pentaphenylene group, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, a rubicenylene group, a coronenylene group, and an ovalenylene group, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a rubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an isoindolyl group, an indolyl group, an indazolyl group, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzosilolylene group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, --Si(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32)(Q.sub.33), --N(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32), --B(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32), --C(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.31), --S(.dbd.O).sub.2(Q.sub.31), and --P(.dbd.O)(Q.sub.31)(Q.sub.32), and Q.sub.31 to Q.sub.33 are each independently selected from a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a phenyl group substituted with a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, and a naphthyl group.

12. The amine compound of claim 9, wherein: i) a11 to a14 are each independently 0, or ii) a11 is 1, and a12 to a14 are each independently 0.

13. The amine compound of claim 9, wherein: the amine compound represented by Formula 1 is represented by Formula 10: ##STR00098## wherein, in Formula 10, L.sub.11 to L.sub.14, a11 to a14, and Ar.sub.1 to Ar.sub.4 are each independently defined the same as L.sub.11 to L.sub.14, a11 to a14, and Ar.sub.1 to Ar.sub.4 in claim 9, R.sub.11 to R.sub.13 are each independently defined the same as R.sub.1 to R.sub.4, R.sub.10 to R.sub.20, and R.sub.31 to R.sub.35 in claim 9, and b11 to b13 are each independently an integer from 0 to 4.

14. The amine compound of claim 9, wherein: the group represented by Formula 2 is represented by one of Formulae 2-1 to 2-4: ##STR00099## wherein, in Formulae 2-1 to 2-4, X.sub.10, A.sub.20, R.sub.20, and b20 are each independently defined the same as X.sub.10, A.sub.20, R.sub.20, and b20 in claim 9, R.sub.14 to R.sub.16 are each independently defined the same as R.sub.1 to R.sub.4, R.sub.10 to R.sub.20, and R.sub.31 to R.sub.35 in claim 9, and * indicates a binding site to a neighboring atom.

15. The amine compound of claim 9, wherein: Ar.sub.1 to Ar.sub.3 are each independently a group represented by one of Formulae 5-1 to 5-11: ##STR00100## ##STR00101## wherein, in Formulae 5-1 to 5-11, Y.sub.31 is O, S, C(Z.sub.34)(Z.sub.35), or Si(Z.sub.36)(Z.sub.37), Z.sub.31 and Z.sub.37 are each independently one selected from hydrogen, deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazole group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an indazolyl group, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, and an azacarbazolyl group; e3 is an integer from 0 to 3, e4 is an integer from 0 to 4, e5 is an integer from 0 to 5, e7 is an integer from 0 to 7, and * indicates a binding site to a neighboring atom.

16. The amine compound of claim 9, wherein: in Formula 1, a moiety represented by ##STR00102## and a moiety represented by ##STR00103## are identical to or different from each other.

17. The amine compound of claim 9, wherein: Ar.sub.4 is selected from: a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorene-benzofluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a carbazolyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a dinaphtho silolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dinaphthofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, and a dinaphthothiophenyl group; and a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorene-benzofluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a carbazolyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a dinaphtho silolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dinaphthofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, and a dinaphthothiophenyl group, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isobutyl group, a sec-butyl group, ter-butyl group, pentyl group, an isoamyl group, a hexyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorene-benzofluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a silolyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, an indazolyl group, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a benzosilolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a carbazolyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, an oxazolopyridinyl group, a thiazolopyridinyl group, a benzonaphthyridinyl group, an azafluorenyl group, an azaspiro-bifluorenyl group, an azacarbazolyl group, an azadibenzofuranyl group, an azadibenzothiophenyl group, an azadibenzosilolyl group, a biphenyl group, and a terphenyl group.

18. The amine compound of claim 9, wherein: Ar.sub.4 is a group represented by one of Formulae 6-1 to 6-8: ##STR00104## wherein, in Formulae 6-1 to 6-8, Y.sub.31 is O, S, C(Z.sub.44)(Z.sub.45), or Si(Z.sub.46)(Z.sub.47), Z.sub.41 to Z.sub.47 are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazole group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an indazolyl group, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, and an azacarbazolyl group, d3 is an integer from 0 to 3, d4 is an integer from 0 to 4, and * indicates a binding site to a neighboring atom.

19. The amine compound of claim 9, wherein: R.sub.1 to R.sub.4, R.sub.10 to R.sub.20, and R.sub.31 to R.sub.35 are each independently selected from: hydrogen, deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isobutyl group, a sec-butyl group, ter-butyl group, pentyl group, an isoamyl group, a hexyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorene-benzofluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a silolyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrimidyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a carbazolyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a triazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a biphenyl group, and a terphenyl group; and a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isobutyl group, a sec-butyl group, ter-butyl group, pentyl group, an isoamyl group, a hexyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorene-benzofluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a silolyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, an indazolyl group, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a benzosilolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a carbazolyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, an oxazolopyridinyl group, a thiazolopyridinyl group, a benzonaphthyridinyl group, an azafluorenyl group, an azaspiro-bifluorenyl group, an azacarbazolyl group, an azadibenzofuranyl group, an azadibenzothiophenyl group, an azadibenzosilolyl group, a biphenyl group, and a terphenyl group, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, --F, --Cl, --Br, --I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isobutyl group, a sec-butyl group, ter-butyl group, pentyl group, an isoamyl group, a hexyl group, a C.sub.1-C.sub.20 alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a spiro-fluorene-benzofluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrrolyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a silolyl group, an imidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a pyridinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, an indazolyl group, a purinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a benzosilolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group, a triazinyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a carbazolyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, an oxazolopyridinyl group, a thiazolopyridinyl group, a benzonaphthyridinyl group, an azafluorenyl group, an azaspiro-bifluorenyl group, an azacarbazolyl group, an azadibenzofuranyl group, an azadibenzothiophenyl group, an azadibenzosilolyl group, a biphenyl group, and a terphenyl group.

20. The amine compound of claim 9, wherein: the amine compound represented by Formula 1 is selected from Compounds 1 to 40: ##STR00105## ##STR00106## ##STR00107## ##STR00108## ##STR00109## ##STR00110## ##STR00111##