Vesa
Vesa Ahola, Oak Creek, WI US
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20120085090 | Hydraulic Brake Master Cylinder with Back-up Ring - Disclosed herein is a hydraulic master cylinder body having a bore defined at least in part by a bore wall, wherein the bore wall includes an opening for hydraulic fluid to be passed into the bore, and a piston assembly situated at least substantially in the bore, the assembly having a piston with a piston body and at least one cup seal situated substantially around the piston body, the cup seal situated adjacent to the bore wall so as to be in sealing engagement therewith, and a back-up ring that is situated about the piston body, wherein the back-up ring is positioned to at least partially cover a portion of the cup seal that is adjacent to the bore wall and to prevent at least a portion of the cup seal from contacting the bore wall and the opening for hydraulic fluid during piston actuation. | 04-12-2012 |
Vesa Ahvenniemi, Helsinki FI
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20090020581 | Method and Arrangement in Tail Threading of a Web Forming Machine - In a web-forming machine, a threading tail is formed from the web. The threading tail is transferred to the production section ( | 01-22-2009 |
Vesa Haapea, Raahe FI
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20140312187 | TEST ADAPTER - A test adapter for an electronic product to be tested includes a support structure and a product stand supported on the support structure for the product. The product stand is supported to the support structure by a guide structure that controls the vertical movement of the product stand. The product stand is arranged with a direct or indirect pressing movement from above to be movable from a top position to its low position supported by the guide structure. The test adapter includes a retaining structure for retaining the product stand in the low position and for retaining a latch structure of the adapter in its locking position. The latch structure is arranged to lock the product to the product stand. | 10-23-2014 |
Vesa Haimi, Vantaa FI
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20100080140 | MANAGING MOBILE TELECOMMUNICATIONS PACKET DATA SERVICE TRAFFIC IN REAL-TIME - The invention allows managing mobile telecommunications packet data service traffic. Packet data service traffic of a mobile telecommunications network is received from data collectors. The service traffic is stored in a traffic file. The traffic file is split into service specific capture files. The capture files are stored. Key information is extracted from the capture files for entry points of the network. The key information is stored in entry point specific tables. | 04-01-2010 |
Vesa Halkka, Helsinki FI
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20090054068 | Context based connectivity for mobile devices - A system for automatically creating a preferred wireless connection medium order in a wireless communication device (WCD) for connecting to a network. A server on the network detects when a new device has entered a designated space, identifies the device, determines its capabilities and creates a wireless connection medium order for the device. The preferred connection medium order may be determined in view of a device profile corresponding to the WCD. The server may then set the preferred medium order in the WCD. The server may also control further information synchronization once the WCD is connected to the network. | 02-26-2009 |
Vesa Helanti, Lempaeaelae FI
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20160001210 | ARRANGEMENT AND METHOD FOR CLEANING A FILTER APPARATUS OF A PRODUCT GAS LINE OF A PLANT PRODUCING PRODUCT GAS - An arrangement and method for cleaning a filter apparatus ( | 01-07-2016 |
Vesa Hellgren, Helsinki FI
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20080247346 | COMMUNICATION NODE WITH MULTIPLE ACCESS SUPPORT - A node configured to communicate with a user equipment via at least two access network domains. The node is configured to generate access network domain selection information, and further configured to route data packets dependent on the network domain selection information | 10-09-2008 |
Vesa Hilakari, Piikkio FI
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20080219842 | Turbine Part of a Turbocompressor and a Method of Avoiding Carbon Build-Up in the Turbine Part of a Turbocompressor - A turbine unit of a turbocompressor comprises a turbine wheel having blades and a flow channel for directing exhaust gas onto the turbine wheel. The turbine unit additionally comprises injection means for injecting carbon build-up preventing substance into the flow channel. | 09-11-2008 |
Vesa Huumonen, Oulu FI
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20140211620 | Method and Apparatus for Layer 2 Compression Signaling - A method for a user equipment (UE) to set up a layer 2 (L2) compression-decompression operation, comprises signaling a set of L2 compression-decompression capabilities to a serving radio network controller (RNC) or a serving base station on a uplink control channel the set of L2 compression-decompression capabilities included in a capability information element (IE) of a RRC message; receiving a set of L2 compression-decompression control parameters in a signaling message on a downlink control channel from the serving RNC or the serving base station; and configuring a local set of L2 compression-decompression control parameters based on the received set of L2 compression-decompression control parameters. | 07-31-2014 |
Vesa Joutsjoki, Jokioinen FI
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20150299636 | BIOREACTOR APPARATUS - A bioreactor apparatus includes a vessel establishing an interior space environmentally separable from an exterior space outside of the vessel, an agitation system including mixing means arranged in the interior space and drive means adapted to rotate the mixing means. The drive means includes a drive motor that is arranged in the interior space. | 10-22-2015 |
Vesa Junkkarinen, San Diego, CA US
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20140118588 | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR EXTENDING DYNAMIC RANGE IN AN IMAGE SENSOR - An image sensor comprises a pixel array having a plurality of pixel regions, wherein the pixel array is adapted to generate at least one signal from each pixel region and a separate signal from a subset of pixels within each pixel region, both during a single exposure period. In one embodiment, the sensor is in communication with a shift register which accumulates the separate signal and transfers the separate signal to an amplifier. The shift register further accumulates the at least one signal from the pixel region after the separate signal has been transferred to the amplifier and transfers the at least one signal to the amplifier. | 05-01-2014 |
Vesa Juslin, Uusikyla FI
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20150204574 | AIR DISTRIBUTION DEVICE - An air distribution device. The air distribution device an air distribution chamber arranged to receive a flow of ventilation air from the air outlet. The air distribution chamber further having one or more perforated throttling plates or meshes perpendicular to the inner perforated wall and perpendicular to the flow of ventilation air from the air outlet into the air distribution chamber. The air distribution device also includes a pressure equalization chamber formed between an inner air permeable front plate of the air distribution chamber and an outer front plate. A perforation-free area of the outer perforated front plate is smaller than the perforation-free area of the inner perforated front plate in order to equalize ventilation air pressure in the equalization chamber and to provide a uniform flow of air through the outer front plate. | 07-23-2015 |
Vesa Kääriäinen, Mikkeli FI
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20100071251 | FLASHER - The invention relates to a flasher, which has attachment points at two opposite ends for a line or hook used in fishing. The flasher includes two plate pieces, between which a connection is arranged, which permits the mutual movement of the plate pieces. | 03-25-2010 |
20130199078 | LURE - The invention relates to a lure, which includes plate pieces attached to each other by means of a flexible joint. In one plate piece there is an attachment point for a line, and in another plate piece there is a hook. In connection with the joint, a stop is arranged to limit the mutual movement between the plate pieces. | 08-08-2013 |
Vesa Kääriäinen, Mikkeli FI
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20100071251 | FLASHER - The invention relates to a flasher, which has attachment points at two opposite ends for a line or hook used in fishing. The flasher includes two plate pieces, between which a connection is arranged, which permits the mutual movement of the plate pieces. | 03-25-2010 |
Vesa Kainu, Kangasala FI
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20090194262 | METHOD FOR PREVENTING CORROSION ON THE HEAT EXCHANGE SURFACES OF A BOILER, AND A SUPPLY MEANS FOR ADDITIONAL MATERIAL - A supply and a method for preventing corrosion on heat exchange surfaces of a boiler. Additional material is fed to flue gases of a boiler by at least one supply for additional material. The supply includes a cooled case beam that is hollow inside and several nozzles for feeding the additional material. | 08-06-2009 |
20130062044 | FLUE GAS AIR PREHEATER, AND A METHOD FOR INSTALLATION, AS WELL AS AN AIR PIPE COMPONENT FOR A FLUE GAS AIR PREHEATER - A flue gas air preheater and a method for the installation of air pipes for a flue gas air preheater. The method includes cutting an air pipe connected to the preheater and detaching the portion of the air pipe that is to be removed from the preheater for replacement; fitting a separate new air pipe in place of the air pipe portion to be removed; and connecting the new air pipe to the remaining portion of the air pipe in a sealed manner. The fixing may be performed utilizing a fastening sleeve fixed to the end of the new air pipe and inserting it in the remaining portion of the air pipe. The fixing may be performed by a mechanical sealing solution without welding. The air pipe component for the flue gas air preheater includes an air pipe, and a fastening sleeve. | 03-14-2013 |
20140076247 | BOILER, AND A SILENCER FOR A FLUE GAS DUCT IN A BOILER - A boiler includes a flue gas duct and heat exchanger pipes in the flue gas duct. The boiler includes a planar silencer plate, which silencer plate includes sound absorbing material, and said first silencer plate being placed downstream of one of said heat exchanger pipes in the flow direction of flue gases in said flue gas duct. Furthermore, a silencer for a flue gas duct with a rectangular cross-section in a boiler, the silencer including at least a first and a second planar silencer plate substantially parallel to the flow direction of flue gases, the silencer plates including sound absorbing material. The first silencer plate is placed at an angle to the second silencer plate, wherein the width of the resonating area of the flue gas duct becomes narrower in two directions transverse to the flow direction of the flue gases. | 03-20-2014 |
20150316255 | Air Nozzle Arrangement in a Fluidized Bed Boiler, Grate for a Fluidized Bed Boiler, and a Fluidized Bed Boiler - An air nozzle arrangement for a fluidized bed boiler, comprising an air feed pipe and an air nozzle which limit an air feed duct configured to supply air to the furnace of the fluidized bed boiler. The air nozzle arrangement comprises a surface configured to guide coarse material along said surface. At least part of said surface is thermally insulated from the air nozzle and/or the air feed pipe. Furthermore, at least part of said surface is configured to protect at least part of said air nozzle and/or air feed pipe. Thus, the temperature of said surface is configured to be high when the fluidized bed boiler is in operation, whereby the solidification of molten material of the fluidized bed in the air nozzle arrangement is reduced. | 11-05-2015 |
Vesa Kaivosoja, Espoo FI
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20150146570 | NETWORK ELEMENT AND A CONTROLLER FOR MANAGING THE NETWORK ELEMENT - A software-defined network includes a database ( | 05-28-2015 |
Vesa Kajanus, Oulunsalo FI
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20130250500 | APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR PROVIDING HAPTIC AND AUDIO FEEDBACK IN A TOUCH SENSITIVE USER INTERFACE - An apparatus comprising: a first part configured to form at least part of the case of the apparatus; a second part configured to form at least part of the display for the apparatus; a flexible membrane configured to couple at a first area of contact the first part and at a second area of contact the second part; and an actuator coupled to the second part and configured to apply a force to the second part to generate a substantially translational displacement of the second part. | 09-26-2013 |
20130250502 | DISPLAY APPARATUS - An apparatus comprising: a first part configured to form at least part of the case of the apparatus; a second part configured to form at least part of the display for the apparatus; a coupling configured to couple the first part to the second part; and at least one actuator coupled to the second part and configured to apply a force to the second part to generate a displacement of the second part relative to the first part suitable for generating an audio signal. | 09-26-2013 |
20140145836 | DISPLAY APPARATUS PRODUCING AUDIO AND HAPTIC OUTPUT - An apparatus comprising; a first part configured to form at least part of the case of the apparatus; a second part configured to form at least part of the display for the apparatus; at least one actuator coupled to the second part and configured to apply a force to the second part to generate a displacement of the second part; drive circuitry coupled to the at least one actuator and configured to drive the actuator to produce both audio and haptic outputs; and a suspender configured to couple the first part and the second part. | 05-29-2014 |
Vesa Karpinnen, Balmain AU
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20160001562 | METHOD OF MAINTAINING PRINTHEAD USING MOVABLE CARRIAGE - A method for maintaining an elongate stationary printhead includes the steps of: moving a carriage lengthwise along the elongate stationary printhead, the carriage having a roller urged against the printhead and a strip of absorbent material around the roller, such that the printhead is wiped by the absorbent material during movement of the carriage; extending the strip of absorbent material lengthwise along the elongate stationary printhead during movement of the carriage, such that the strip of absorbent material opposes nozzles in the printhead; and ejecting ink from the nozzles onto the strip of absorbent material. | 01-07-2016 |
Vesa Kartsalo, Kokkola FI
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20080199821 | Method And Apparatus For Cooling A Material To Be Removed From The Grate Of A Fluidized Bed Furnace - The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for cooling a material to be removed from the grate of a fluidized bed furnace. Material at a high temperature is passed from the grate of the fluidized bed furnace into a fluidized bed cooler in charges of a given size by measuring the quantity of the material accumulating in the fluidized bed cooler. When the quantity of the material in the cooler has reached a predetermined limit value, the supply of material into the fluidized bed cooler is prevented. The charge is cooled in the fluidized bed cooler by fluidization air and via heat transfer into a cooling liquid circulation system and the temperature of the charge is measured. The charge is removed when the temperature of the charge has fallen to a predetermined limit value. The second end ( | 08-21-2008 |
Vesa Klemettinen, Muurame FI
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20120165060 | DELIVERY OF IDENTIFICATION INFORMATION - When a communication session is implemented, the communications of a direct mode terminal may be mediated via a direct mode gateway such that messages of a direct mode first terminal are addressed with identification information of the direct mode gateway. In the invention identity information of a user of the direct mode terminal is delivered to a trunked mode terminal in a user plane signalling message of the communication session. In terminal procedures identity of the direct mode gateway may be replaced by identity information received in the user plane signalling message. Identity of the direct mode terminal is then in a simple manner made available to terminal procedures of the trunked mode terminal. | 06-28-2012 |
Vesa Koivuaho, Oulu FI
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20120078839 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PROVIDING LOW COST PROGRAMMABLE PATTERN RECOGNITION - An apparatus for providing pattern recognition may include at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code. The at least one memory and the computer program code may be configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to at least receive an indication of sensor data descriptive of movement of a user terminal, provide for expansion of the sensor data in a predetermined manner to define outcome values, apply a logical mask to the outcome values to generate selected outcome values for provision to a finite state machine, and utilize a pattern recognition algorithm associated with the finite state machine to determine whether the sensor data corresponds to a pattern identified by proceeding through defined transitions to a final state of the finite state machine. A corresponding computer program product and method are also provided. | 03-29-2012 |
Vesa Koivuaho US
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20130030745 | Processing Data for Calibration - A method including switching hardware into a pre-calibration mode; and using the hardware to selectively pre-store measured data for calibration. | 01-31-2013 |
Vesa Kukkamo, Zürich CH
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20130209708 | PAPER FOR INKJET RECORDING - The present invention concerns a print medium for inkjet printing and a method of producing such a print medium. In particular, the present invention is directed to a print medium comprising a base layer having a first side and a reverse side, an absorptive layer being in contact with the first side of the base layer, and a topcoat being in contact with the absorptive layer. | 08-15-2013 |
Vesa Kukkamo, Hyvinkää FI
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20150059999 | PREPARATION OF PIGMENTS - The present invention relates to an aqueous calcium carbonate containing composition, to methods for producing such aqueous calcium carbonate containing compositions and to the use of the aqueous calcium carbonate containing composition in paper, paper coating, plastics and/or paint applications and as filler in paper. | 03-05-2015 |
Vesa Kukkamo, Zürich CH
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20130209708 | PAPER FOR INKJET RECORDING - The present invention concerns a print medium for inkjet printing and a method of producing such a print medium. In particular, the present invention is directed to a print medium comprising a base layer having a first side and a reverse side, an absorptive layer being in contact with the first side of the base layer, and a topcoat being in contact with the absorptive layer. | 08-15-2013 |
20140161985 | PAPER FOR INKJET RECORDING - The present invention concerns a print medium for inkjet printing and a method of producing such a print medium. In particular, the present invention is directed to a print medium comprising a base layer having a first side and a reverse side, an absorptive layer being in contact with the first side of the base layer, and a topcoat being in contact with the absorptive layer. | 06-12-2014 |
Vesa Kunnari, Espoo FI
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20100300467 | SMOKING ARTICLE - The invention relates to a smoking article comprising tobacco, suction resistance and a chemical heat source in conjunction with the tobacco. According to the invention, the heat source comprises a heat chamber and is activated by external excitation. The invention relates further to a method for producing the smoking article. | 12-02-2010 |
Vesa Kunnari, Vtt FI
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20110256362 | MODIFIED FIBROUS PRODUCT AND METHOD OF PRODUCING THE SAME - The present invention relates to a modified fibrous product and a method of producing the same. According to the method, transparent areas are generated in the fibrous product, such as in a paper or a cardboard sheet or in a paper or a cardboard web. According to the present invention, a carbohydrate derivative that includes a plasticizer is incorporated into the fibrous product, and the carbohydrate derivative, which is plasticized with the plasticizer, is brought, in a liquid state and under pressure, to migrate in between the fibres of the product in such a way that at least part of the plasticizer penetrates into the lumens of the fibres, in which case the fibrous product becomes transparent in the treated area. By using the solution, it is possible to simplify the method of further processing paper or cardboard for consumer packages. The present invention can be applied to, among other products, envelopes having a window through which the address is visible. Other applications are all kinds of foodstuff and consumer packages in which windows for product display are currently used. | 10-20-2011 |
20150284911 | MOLDABLE FIBROUS PRODUCT AND METHOD OF PRODUCING THE SAME - A moldable fibrous product, includes foam-formed fibrous material selected from fibrous webs, paper webs, board webs, or sheets cut from any of the webs, at least one polymer selected from carbohydrate derivatives, polylactic acid, polyurethane and polyolefins impregnated in the web, and from 0.001 to 0.1% by weight of at least one foaming agent. | 10-08-2015 |
Vesa Kuokkanen, Espoo NL
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20150207676 | NETWORK ELEMENT AND A CONTROLLER FOR MANAGING THE NETWORK ELEMENT - A method for configuring network elements of a software-defined network includes receiving ( | 07-23-2015 |
Vesa Luomaranta, Sault Ste. Marie CA
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20130151101 | ELECTRONIC BRAKE SYSTEM CONTROLS ADAPTATION BASED UPON BRAKE COMPONENT CONDITION - A method of operating a brake system comprises determining a predicted braking effectiveness for a plurality of vehicle braking operations and determining an actual braking effectiveness for the plurality of vehicle braking operations. The predicted braking effectiveness is compared to the actual braking effectiveness. An adjustment factor for the brake system is determined based upon the comparison and the brake system response is adjusted based on the determined adjustment factor. | 06-13-2013 |
Vesa Luukkala, Espoo FI
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20090254513 | METHOD, APPARATUS AND COMPUTER PROGRAM PRODUCT FOR PERFORMING A QUERY USING A DECISION DIAGRAM - A method, apparatus and computer program product are provided for performing a query using a decision diagram. In this regard, in response to receiving a query instruction a compression value for a query result decision diagram can be determined. A compression value for a compressed query result set may also be determined. A compression ratio can be determined between the compression value for the query result decision diagram and the compression value for a compressed query result set. A query result decision diagram may be generated based on the query instruction and a relationship between the compression ratio and a threshold ratio. The query result decision diagram may also be transmitted based upon a relationship between the compression ratio and a threshold ratio. | 10-08-2009 |
20110145303 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR RECYCLING INFORMATION FRAGMENTS IN INFORMATION SPACES - An approach is provided for recycling information fragments in information spaces. An information management system detects a plurality of information management processes occurring in an information space. The information management processes retrieve one or more information fragments from the information space. The information management system then determines a sequence of states for each of the plurality of information management processes over a period of time and calculates a state trajectory from each of the sequence of states. The calculated state trajectories are used to predict a finite set of possible future states. The information management system uses the prediction to determine which of the one or more information fragments are recyclable and preserves the recyclable information fragments for responding to a subsequent request directed to the information space. | 06-16-2011 |
20110161285 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PROVIDING AUTOMATIC CONTROLLED VALUE EXPANSION OF INFORMATION - An approach is provided for automatic controlled value expansion of information. A value expansion controller detects a request at a device to perform an information operation on a set of data elements of an information space, wherein the request identifies the set by a name and the information operation applies to each data element within the set. The value expansion controller intercepts the request based on the detection and determines the location of the data elements within a communication network based on the name. The value expansion controller retrieves the data elements from the location and populates an expansion table with the retrieved data elements, wherein the expansion table is correlated to the set. The value expansion controller performs the information operation on each data element in the expansion table and causes transmission of one or more results of the information operation to the device. | 06-30-2011 |
20130331031 | METHOD, APPARATUS, AND COMPUTER PROGRAM PRODUCT FOR WIRELESS SHORT-RANGE COMMUNICATION DISCONNECTION - Method, apparatus, and computer program product example embodiments enable devices to disconnect a communication connection. In an example embodiment, a method includes measuring, by an apparatus, a power level of one or more wireless communication messages received from a selected wireless device over a wireless communication connection, after an interval following an establishment of the wireless communication connection; and disconnecting, by the apparatus, the wireless communication connection with the selected wireless device, if the one or more wireless communication messages received over the wireless communication connection, has a measured power level greater than a threshold value. | 12-12-2013 |
Vesa Metso, Helsinki FI
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20090138669 | Frequency Converter - The present invention relates to a frequency converter ( | 05-28-2009 |
20120072868 | FREQUENCY CONVERTER WITH TEXT EDITOR - A frequency converter includes a symbol string editor in which the potential input symbols are grouped into at least two symbol lists. One of the lists is treated as a current symbol list, which can be scrolled and from which the symbols can be selected as the user input. In addition, a user is allowed to control change of the current symbol list such that the symbols in all of the symbol lists are available for selection. This arrangement allows for scrollable lists to be significantly shorter than a single list of potential symbols would be, which makes entering symbol strings faster. | 03-22-2012 |
20130299571 | ENCODING CONFIGURATION INFORMATION OF AN APPARATUS INTO AN OPTICAL CODE - An exemplary apparatus and method are provided in which the apparatus is provided with encoding configuration information as an optical code. The optical code is displayed on a display of the apparatus. The optical code can be read from the display and configuration information derived from the optical code is sent to a database of configured apparatuses. | 11-14-2013 |
Vesa Myllymäeki, Helsinki FI
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20100181706 | Radiation Arrangement - The invention relates in general level to radiation transference techniques as applied for utilisation of material handling. The invention relates to a radiation source arrangement comprising a path of radiation transference, or an improved path of radiation transference, which path comprises a turbine scanner or an improved turbine scanner. The invention also concerns a target material suitable for vaporization and/or ablation. The invention concerns an improved turbine scanner. The invention concerns also to a vacuum vaporization/ablation arrangement that has a radiation source arrangement according to invention. The invention concerns also a target material unit, to be used in coating and/or manufacturing target material. | 07-22-2010 |
Vesa Myllymäeki, Helsinki FI
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20100181706 | Radiation Arrangement - The invention relates in general level to radiation transference techniques as applied for utilisation of material handling. The invention relates to a radiation source arrangement comprising a path of radiation transference, or an improved path of radiation transference, which path comprises a turbine scanner or an improved turbine scanner. The invention also concerns a target material suitable for vaporization and/or ablation. The invention concerns an improved turbine scanner. The invention concerns also to a vacuum vaporization/ablation arrangement that has a radiation source arrangement according to invention. The invention concerns also a target material unit, to be used in coating and/or manufacturing target material. | 07-22-2010 |
Vesa Nuotio US
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20120219471 | REACTION VESSEL AND METHOD FOR THE HANDLING THEREOF - A cuvette for an automatic analyzing apparatus according to the invention includes at least two positions, for each position pair one separating wall connecting the positions, and brackets, which are at the outermost positions and which guide the cuvette into a curved shape. In a handling method of a cuvette according to the invention a cuvette is transported from its brackets to an incubator and bent into a curved shape. In the method the cuvette is then loaded into an opening of the incubator, in which opening it remains by its own spring back factor, until the cuvette is removed from the opening after the analysis. | 08-30-2012 |
Vesa Nuotio, Vantaa FI
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20110064543 | REACTION VESSEL AND METHOD FOR THE HANDLING THEREOF - A cuvette ( | 03-17-2011 |
20110091986 | CHEMICAL ANALYSER, METHOD FOR SAMPLE-BASED ANALYSIS, DEVICE FOR HANDLING CUVETTES, AND LOADING METHOD - With the aid of the invention, a chemical analyser, a method for sample-based analysis, a device for handling cuvettes, and a loading method are provided. The chemical analyser ( | 04-21-2011 |
20120292220 | HANDLING PACKAGE OF CUVETTES - Automatic analyzers, in which the liquids to be analyzed are in so-called reaction vessels, simultaneously acting as optically high-quality cuvettes ( | 11-22-2012 |
20130209210 | METHOD AND ASSEMBLY FOR TRANSPORTING SINGLE AND MULTIPLE REACTION VESSELS - A method and apparatus for transporting single and multiple reaction vessels. At least one reaction vessel is provided and at least one tray includes at least two seats for the at least one reaction vessel, and at least one gripper. One of the reaction vessel or the tray is engaged with the gripper at a first position. The gripped element is transported to a second position wherein the gripper is released. A gripping collar is provided both on the reaction vessel and the tray for the gripper to engage. At one transport stage one of the reaction vessel or the tray is engaged with the gripper at a first position by pushing the gripper from above to engage with the gripping collar and in a second stage the transported element is disengaged from the gripper by moving the gripper sideways in relation to the center axis of the gripping collar. | 08-15-2013 |
20130209333 | REACTION VESSEL AND APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR OPENING AND CLOSING A REACTION VESSEL - A method and apparatus for opening a reaction vessel having a body forming a volume for liquid, and a lid. In the method at least one reaction vessel is placed on a transport vehicle and the reaction vessel is positioned on the vehicle so that the vessel's rotation about its own axis is prevented. Then, the at least one reaction vessel is transferred on the vehicle and a guide rod, attached to the lid that is attached by a hinge to the reaction vessel, is pushed by the movement of the vehicle against a guide surface that forces the lid to turn on the hinge so that the lid is at least partially opened. | 08-15-2013 |
Vesa Olkkonen, Helskinki FI
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20120058931 | Drug target that promotes secretory granule-granule fusion - Munc18 proteins facilitate formation of SNARE complexes known to mediate membrane fusion. Much is known about the fusion of secretory granule (SG) to plasma membrane, mediated by Munc18a-SNARE complexes. It has been found that another Munc18 isoform, Munc18b, mediates SG-SG fusion which causes potentiation of secretion. The present invention has identified specific site mutations within Munc18b which further increased (called KR mutant) or reduced (called E59K mutant) SG-SG fusion compared to wild type (WT) Munc18b, causing amplification or reduction of insulin secretion, respectively. Compounds identified that mimic the actions of Munc18b-WT and Munc18b-KR mutant which increase SG-SG fusion, and those which mimic Munc18b-E59K mutant that block SG-SG fusion, are useful for treating and/or preventing diseases and/or conditions, whose underlying bases are a deficiency or excess of SG-SG fusion, respectively. These compounds also include conserved domains in Munc18a and Munc18c that mimic the KR and E59K sites in Munc18b. | 03-08-2012 |
Vesa Osterholm, Vasteras SE
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20130099607 | SYNCHRONOUS RELUCTANCE MACHINE USING ROTOR FLUX BARRIERS AS COOLING CHANNELS - A synchronous reluctance machine includes a rotor having a plurality of rotor disks with longitudinal flux barriers. When the rotor disks are stacked together to form a rotor core, the flux barriers define channels extending in an axial direction of the rotor core. Air is forced to flow through these channels in order to improve a temperature distribution within the machine. | 04-25-2013 |
Vesa Pellikka, Oulu FI
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20140359268 | Methods of Securely Changing the Root Key of a Chip, and Related Electronic Devices and Chips - Disclosed are methods and apparatus for changing a security key on a computer chip that has a CPU, a first OTPROM (OTPROM1) storing a root key of the chip or derivative thereof (RKPUB1), and a second OTPROM (OTPROM2) on which the chip manufacturer stores nothing. A ROM of the chip stores a first software program (SW1). A device manufacturer can take that chip and interface it to a mass memory of a memory block of an electronic device, then execute a second software program (SW2) that is stored on the mass memory only if SW2 is authenticated by SW1 using the RKPUB1. Then a new root key of the chip or derivative thereof (RKPUB2) is provided (via SW2 or a USB connection for example) which is stored to the OTPROM2 via a security service portion of SW1. Thereafter RKPUB2 can be used to authenticate SW2. | 12-04-2014 |
Vesa PirilÄ, Espoo FI
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20130173229 | COMPUTER AIDED MODELING - A solution is introduced in which, instead of providing an object with all information, some of the information is provided by means of one or more group definitions. This is achieved by performing a grouping operation during which an object having object data defining at least one property of the object is assigned to a group having at least one group definition defining at least one feature shared by objects assigned to the group; and storing as mapping information a grouping time indicating the time the grouping operation was performed to the object and a link between the object and the group. | 07-04-2013 |
Vesa Poutiainen, Helsinki FI
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20120024638 | CALL PANEL - The present invention presents a call panel of an elevator or of an elevator system, which call panel comprises one or more display elements, a front plate covering the call panel, in connection with which front plate a touch sensor is fitted, and also a control unit to which the display elements and also the touch sensor are connected. The detection area of the touch sensor comprises active areas covered by the display elements as well as a passive area that remains outside at least some of the aforementioned active area, for which passive area one or more touch-sensitive pushbuttons are specified. The control unit is arranged to react to a touch of the touch-sensitive pushbuttons specified for the aforementioned detection area. | 02-02-2012 |
20120325591 | ELEVATOR SYSTEM - The invention presents a solution for controlling the car panel of an elevator car in an elevator system, which comprises at least one elevator, which serves at least one floor comprising a collective call panel and at least one second floor comprising a destination call panel. A plurality of views to be presented in a car panel are recorded in the elevator system, of which views the view to be presented at any given time is selected on the basis of the floor data of the elevator car. | 12-27-2012 |
Vesa Pylkkanen, Atlanta, GA US
Patent application number | Description | Published |
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20090236060 | METHOD FOR VAPOR PHASE PULPING WITH ALCOHOL AND SULFUR DIOXIDE - A method for the fractionation of lignocellulosic materials into cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin in a batch or continuous process in a treatment with vaporous mixture of aliphatic alcohol, sulfur dioxide and water. Cooking conditions are varied to get different proportions of cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin. Chemical recovery through pressure release is described. | 09-24-2009 |
20090305374 | PROCESS FOR OBTAINING BIOCHEMICALS IN A ZERO-LIQUID DISCHARGE PLANT - A method is presented for the production of cellulosic ethanol, acetic acid and derivatives from the extract containing fibers and hemicelluloses after steam cooking of biomass in a host plant. The process is integrated with the host plant process to minimize the effect of loss of heat value from the extracted hemicelluloses and eliminate the need for the waste water treatment plant. | 12-10-2009 |
20110003352 | PROCESS FOR THE STEPWISE TREATMENT OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIAL TO PRODUCE REACTIVE CHEMICAL FEEDSTOCKS - A method for the fractionation of lignocellulosic materials into reactive chemical feedstock in a batch or semi continuous process by the stepwise treatment with aqueous aliphatic alcohols in the presence of sulfur dioxide or acid. Lignocellulosic material is fractionated in a fashion that cellulose is removed as pulp, or converted to esterified cellulose, cooking chemicals are reused, lignin is separated in the forms of reactive native lignin and reactive lignosulfonates and hemicelluloses are converted into fermentable sugars, while fermentation inhibitors are removed. In an integrated vapor compression stripper and evaporator system, aliphatic alcohol is removed from a liquid stream and the resulting stream is concentrated for further processing. | 01-06-2011 |
20110039319 | ENZYME RECYCLE FROM HYDROLYSIS OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIAL - A method to reduce enzyme usage for the break down of lignocellulosic material by enzymatic hydrolysis. Enzyme activity is retained and enzymes are recycled back for the hydrolysis of new lignocellulosic material after removal of fermentation products using low temperature distillation. | 02-17-2011 |
20110108223 | Method For Vapor Phase Pulping With Alcohol and Sulfur Dioxide - A method for the fractionation of lignocellulosic materials into cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin in a batch or continuous process in a treatment with vaporous mixture of aliphatic alcohol, sulfur dioxide and water. Cooking conditions are varied to get different proportions of cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin. Chemical recovery through pressure release is described. | 05-12-2011 |
20110195468 | SYSTEM AND PROCESS FOR SEPARATING PURE CHEMICALS FROM BIOMASS EXTRACT - A system or plant and method for the production of pure alcohol, acetic acid or its derivatives from the extract containing hemicelluloses filtered after extraction of woody biomass or directly extracted from woody biomass. The process can be integrated with the host plant process to minimize the effect of loss of heat value from the extracted hemicelluloses and reduce the loading to the effluent plant. | 08-11-2011 |
20120009632 | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING ALCOHOL AND OTHER BIOPRODUCTS FROM BIOMASS USED IN THERMAL CONVERSION TO ENERGY AND STEPWISE ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS PROCESS FOR CELLULOSIC FIBER - A method for the production of alcohol and other bioproducts hemicelluloses extracted from biomass prior to thermal conversion of the biomass to energy. The process can be integrated with the host plant process to minimize the energy loss from extracting hemicelluloses. Also disclosed is a Stepwise enzymatic break down of cellulose fibers from a pulping operation which is performed with the redeployment of equipment and vessels contained within typical existing pulp and paper manufacturing mills. The preferred feedstock is highly delignified pulp from acid or alkaline pulping process or from bleaching stage. | 01-12-2012 |
20120202253 | ALCOHOL SULFITE BIOREFINERY PROCESS - A biorefinery process to fractionate lignocellulosic materials into cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin using a pretreatment with mixture of alcohol, sulfur dioxide and water. Further treatment with enzymes, micro-organisms, and optionally bisulfite ion, are used to convert intermediate products to alcohol and lignin derivatives. | 08-09-2012 |
20120208250 | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING ALCOHOL AND OTHER BIOPRODUCTS FROM BIOMASS EXTRACTS IN A KRAFT PULP MILL - A method for the production of alcohol and other bioproducts from power boiler woody biomass extract containing hemicelluloses, with or without combining extract from wood prior to Kraft cooking. The process is integrated with the host Kraft pulp mill plant process to minimize the heat loss from extracting hemicelluloses and the energy used in the process. | 08-16-2012 |
20120237989 | SEPARATION OF LIGNIN FROM HYDROLYZATE - A method for the production water insoluble reactive lignin having low sulfur content and lignosulfonates from lignocellulosic material in a batch or continuous process. Lignocellulosic material is fractionated to produce water insoluble native lignin and lignosulfonates in various ratios, while preserving the cellulose and hydrolyzed hemicelluloses using water, ethanol and sulfur dioxide. | 09-20-2012 |
20120305207 | METHOD FOR VAPOR PHASE PULPING WITH ALCOHOL AND SULFUR DIOXIDE - A method for the fractionation of lignocellulosic materials into cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin in a batch or continuous process in a treatment with vaporous mixture of aliphatic alcohol, sulfur dioxide and water. Cooking conditions are varied to get different proportions of cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin. Chemical recovery through pressure release is described. | 12-06-2012 |
20130068993 | DEICER COMPOSITIONS AND PROCESSES FOR MAKING DEICERS - The formulation of the current invention provides better deicing and anti-icing performance than commercial acetate-based deicing solutions. The performance is consistently better in all testing categories including melting, penetration, undercutting, and friction. The corrosiveness is similar to commercial deicers, which may include corrosion inhibitors. Chemical analysis reveals that a potassium acetate solution provided by the invention contains formate and lactate in the prepared deicer. | 03-21-2013 |
20130130318 | PROCESS FOR OBTAINING BIOCHEMICALS IN A ZERO-LIQUID DISCHARGE PLANT - A method is presented for the production of cellulosic ethanol, acetic acid and derivatives from the extract containing fibers and hemicelluloses after steam cooking of biomass in a host plant. The process is integrated with the host plant process to minimize the effect of loss of heat value from the extracted hemicelluloses and eliminate the need for the waste water treatment plant. | 05-23-2013 |
20130244290 | PROCESSES AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING FERMENTABLE SUGARS AND LOW-ASH BIOMASS FOR COMBUSTION AT REDUCED EMISSIONS - This invention provides processes and apparatus to convert biomass, including wood and agricultural residues, into low-ash biomass pellets for combustion, alone or in combination with another solid fuel. Some embodiments provide processes for producing hemicellulosic sugars and low-ash biomass from cellulosic biomass, comprising providing an aqueous extraction solution with acetic acid; extracting the feedstock to produce an extract liquor containing soluble ash, hemicellulosic oligomers, acetic acid, dissolved lignin, and cellulose-rich solids; dewatering and drying the cellulose-rich, lignin-rich solids to produce a low-ash biomass; hydrolyzing the hemicellulosic oligomers to produce fermentable hemicellulosic sugars, wherein additional acetic acid is generated; removing a vapor stream comprising vaporized acetic acid from the extract; recycling the vapor or its condensate to provide some starting acetic acid for the extraction solution; and recovering fermentable hemicellulosic sugars. The disclosed processes can produce clean power from biomass. Co-products include fermentation products such as ethanol, fertilizers, and lignin. | 09-19-2013 |
20130244291 | PROCESSES AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING ENERGY-DENSE BIOMASS FOR COMBUSTION AND FERMENTABLE SUGARS FROM THE BIOMASS - This invention provides processes to convert biomass into energy-dense biomass for combustion, alone or in combination with another solid fuel. Some embodiments provide processes for producing fermentable sugars and energy-dense biomass from cellulosic biomass, comprising extracting the feedstock with steam and/or hot water to produce an extract liquor containing hemicellulosic oligomers, dissolved lignin, and cellulose-rich solids; separating the extract liquor, to produce dewatered cellulose-rich solids; hydrolyzing the dewatered cellulose-rich solids, thereby removing a portion of the cellulose, to produce intermediate solids (with higher energy density) and a hydrolysate; drying the intermediate solids to produce energy-dense biomass; and recovering fermentable sugars from the hydrolysate. The energy-dense biomass may be pelletized into biomass pellets, which may have a similar energy density as torrefied pellets from wood. The hemicellulosic oligomers may be further hydrolyzed to produce additional fermentable sugars. The fermentable sugars may be fermented to ethanol or another product. | 09-19-2013 |
20130266990 | STEPWISE ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS PROCESS FOR CONVERTING CELLULOSE TO GLUCOSE - A method for the production of alcohol and other bioproducts hemicelluloses extracted from biomass prior to thermal conversion of the biomass to energy. The process can be integrated with the host plant process to minimize the energy loss from extracting hemicelluloses. Also disclosed is a Stepwise enzymatic break down of cellulose fibers from a pulping operation which is performed with the redeployment of equipment and vessels contained within typical existing pulp and paper manufacturing mills. The preferred feedstock is highly delignified pulp from acid or alkaline pulping process or from bleaching stage. | 10-10-2013 |
20130283795 | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING ALCOHOL AND OTHER BIOPRODUCTS FROM BIOMASS EXTRACTS IN A KRAFT PULP MILL - A method for the production of alcohol and other bioproducts from power boiler woody biomass extract containing hemicelluloses, with or without combining extract from wood prior to Kraft cooking. The process is integrated with the host Kraft pulp mill plant process to minimize the heat loss from extracting hemicelluloses and the energy used in the process. | 10-31-2013 |
20130295628 | PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING ENERGY-DENSE BIOMASS AND SUGARS OR SUGAR DERIVATIVES, BY INTEGRATED HYDROLYSIS AND TORREFACTION - This invention provides processes to convert biomass into energy-dense biomass for combustion, alone or in combination with another solid fuel. In some variations, biomass is extracted to produce an extract liquor containing hemicellulosic oligomers and cellulose-rich solids; hemicellulosic oligomers are removed; and the cellulose-rich solids are torrefied to produce energy-dense biomass. In some embodiments, hydrotorrefaction is employed to produce hydrophobic, energy-dense biomass in an energy-efficient process that avoids intermediate drying between extraction/hydrolysis and torrefaction. The energy-dense biomass may be pelletized or directly combusted or gasified. The hemicellulosic oligomers may be hydrolyzed to fermentable sugars and then fermented to ethanol or other products, or further reacted to produce furfural or other products. | 11-07-2013 |
20130309728 | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING HEMICELLULOSE SUGARS AND ENERGY FROM BIOMASS - A method for the production of alcohol and other bioproducts hemicelluloses extracted from biomass prior to thermal conversion of the biomass to energy. The process can be integrated with the host plant process to minimize the energy loss from extracting hemicelluloses. Also disclosed is a Stepwise enzymatic break down of cellulose fibers from a pulping operation which is performed with the redeployment of equipment and vessels contained within typical existing pulp and paper manufacturing mills. The preferred feedstock is highly delignified pulp from acid or alkaline pulping process or from bleaching stage. | 11-21-2013 |
20130334456 | DEICER COMPOSITIONS AND PROCESSES FOR MAKING DEICERS - The formulation of the current invention provides better deicing and anti-icing performance than commercial acetate-based deicing solutions. The performance is consistently better in all testing categories including melting, penetration, undercutting, and friction. The corrosiveness is similar to commercial deicers, which may include corrosion inhibitors. Chemical analysis reveals that a potassium acetate solution provided by the invention contains formate and lactate in the prepared deicer. | 12-19-2013 |
20140034047 | PROCESSES AND APPARATUS FOR LIGNIN SEPARATION IN BIOREFINERIES - The present invention generally provides methods of improving lignin separation during lignocellulosic biorefining, comprising the steps of (i) catalyzing fractionation or hydrolysis with an acid to release sugars into an acidified solution containing lignin, (ii) neutralizing the acidified solution with a base to form a salt in a neutralized solution; (iii) in a separation unit, separating the salt and the lignin, each in free or combined form, from the neutralized solution; and then (iv) recycling a portion of the salt and optionally a portion of the lignin to step (i) to combine, physically or chemically, with the lignin, to improve lignin separation in the separation unit. In certain embodiments, the acid is a sulfur-containing acid and the base is lime, forming gypsum which is then recycled, in part, to the hydrolysis reactor. | 02-06-2014 |
20140065682 | PROCESSES AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING FERMENTABLE SUGARS, CELLULOSE SOLIDS, AND LIGNIN FROM LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS - Variations of this invention reduce or avoid lignin precipitation during acidic hydrolysis of biomass hydrolysates (such as hemicellulose-containing liquid extracts). Net acid usage and byproduct salt formation are significantly reduced. In some embodiments, hemicellulosic oligomers are hydrolyzed, in the presence of sulfur dioxide, to produce fermentable hemicellulosic sugars; the process comprising recovering and recycling at least a portion of the sulfur dioxide, wherein at least a portion of the sulfur dioxide reacts with the lignin to produce hydrophilic sulfonated lignin that has less tendency to precipitate or stick. In other embodiments, hemicellulosic oligomers are hydrolyzed, in the presence of a catalyst selected from the group consisting of sulfuric acid, sulfurous acid, sulfur dioxide, and combinations thereof, and an additive selected from metal sulfites, metal bisulfites, and combinations thereof, to produce fermentable hemicellulosic sugars, wherein at least a portion of the additive reacts with the lignin to produce sulfonated lignin. | 03-06-2014 |
20140096922 | PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING CELLULOSE PULP, SUGARS, AND CO-PRODUCTS FROM LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS - The GreenBox+ technology is suitable to extract hemicellulose sugars prior to pulping of biomass into pulp products. The revenue obtainable from the sugar stream can significantly improve the economics of a pulp and paper mill. An initial extraction and recovery of sugars is followed by production of a pulp product with similar or better properties. Other co-products such as acetates and furfural are also possible. Some variations provide a process for co-producing pulp and hemicellulosic sugars from biomass, comprising: digesting the biomass in the presence of steam and/or hot water to extract hemicellulose into a liquid phase; washing the extracted solids, thereby generating a liquid wash filtrate and washed solids; separating the liquid wash filtrate from the washed solids; refining the washed solids at a refining pH of about 4 or higher, thereby generating pulp; and hydrolyzing the hemicellulose to generate hemicellulosic fermentable sugars. | 04-10-2014 |
20140096923 | PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING CELLULOSE PULP, SUGARS, AND CO-PRODUCTS FROM LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS - The GreenBox+ technology is suitable to extract hemicellulose sugars prior to pulping of biomass into pulp products. The revenue obtainable from the sugar stream can significantly improve the economics of a pulp and paper mill. An initial extraction and recovery of sugars is followed by production of a pulp product with similar or better properties. Other co-products such as acetates and furfural are also possible. Some variations provide a process for co-producing pulp and hemicellulosic sugars from biomass, comprising: digesting the biomass in the presence of steam and/or hot water to extract hemicellulose into a liquid phase; washing the extracted solids, thereby generating a liquid wash filtrate and washed solids; separating the liquid wash filtrate from the washed solids; refining the washed solids at a refining pH of about 4 or higher, thereby generating pulp; and hydrolyzing the hemicellulose to generate hemicellulosic fermentable sugars. | 04-10-2014 |
20140103249 | CORROSION-INHIBITING DEICERS DERIVED FROM BIOMASS - In some variations, the invention provides a deicer composition comprising alkali acetate, a solvent (such as water) for the alkali acetate, and a corrosion inhibitor comprising lignin or a lignin derivative. The acetate and the lignin or lignin derivative are preferably each derived from the same biomass feedstock. In some embodiments, the alkali is selected from the group consisting of potassium, sodium, magnesium, calcium, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the alkali acetate is present in a concentration from about 30 wt % to about 99 wt %. Deicer products may be a crystallized or dried form of the deicer composition. | 04-17-2014 |
20140106426 | SEPARATION OF LIGNIN FROM HYDROLYZATE - A method for the production water insoluble reactive lignin having low sulfur content and lignosulfonates from lignocellulosic material in a batch or continuous process. Lignocellulosic material is fractionated to produce water insoluble native lignin and lignosulfonates in various ratios, while preserving the cellulose and hydrolyzed hemicelluloses using water, ethanol and sulfur dioxide. | 04-17-2014 |
20140150334 | PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING ENERGY-DENSE BIOMASS FOR COMBUSTION - This invention provides processes to convert biomass into energy-dense biomass for combustion, alone or in combination with another solid fuel. Some embodiments provide processes for producing energy-dense biomass from cellulosic biomass, comprising extracting the feedstock with steam and/or hot water to produce an extract liquor containing hemicellulosic oligomers, dissolved lignin, and cellulose-rich solids; separating the extract liquor, to produce dewatered cellulose-rich solids; hydrolyzing the dewatered cellulose-rich solids, thereby removing a portion of the cellulose, to produce intermediate solids (with higher energy density) and a hydrolysate; drying the intermediate solids to produce energy-dense biomass; and optionally recovering fermentable sugars from the hydrolysate. The energy-dense biomass may be pelletized into biomass pellets, which may have a similar energy density as torrefied pellets from wood. The hemicellulosic oligomers may be further hydrolyzed to produce additional fermentable sugars. The fermentable sugars may be fermented to ethanol or another product. | 06-05-2014 |
20140154756 | PROCESSES AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING NANOCELLULOSE, AND COMPOSITIONS AND PRODUCTS PRODUCED THEREFROM - Processes disclosed are capable of converting biomass into high-crystallinity nanocellulose with surprisingly low mechanical energy input. In some variations, the process includes fractionating biomass with an acid (such as sulfur dioxide), a solvent (such as ethanol), and water, to generate cellulose-rich solids and a liquid containing hemicellulose and lignin; and mechanically treating the cellulose-rich solids to form nanofibrils and/or nanocrystals. The total mechanical energy may be less than 500 kilowatt-hours per ton. The crystallinity of the nanocellulose material may be 80% or higher, translating into good reinforcing properties for composites. The nanocellulose material may include nanofibrillated cellulose, nanocrystalline cellulose, or both. In some embodiments, the nanocellulose material is hydrophobic via deposition of some lignin onto the cellulose surface. Optionally, sugars derived from amorphous cellulose and hemicellulose may be separately fermented, such as to monomers for various polymers. These polymers may be combined with the nanocellulose to form completely renewable composites. | 06-05-2014 |
20140154757 | PROCESSES AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING NANOCELLULOSE, AND COMPOSITIONS AND PRODUCTS PRODUCED THEREFROM - Processes disclosed are capable of converting biomass into high-crystallinity nanocellulose with surprisingly low mechanical energy input. In some variations, the process includes fractionating biomass with an acid (such as sulfur dioxide), a solvent (such as ethanol), and water, to generate cellulose-rich solids and a liquid containing hemicellulose and lignin; and mechanically treating the cellulose-rich solids to form nanofibrils and/or nanocrystals. The total mechanical energy may be less than 500 kilowatt-hours per ton. The crystallinity of the nanocellulose material may be 80% or higher, translating into good reinforcing properties for composites. The nanocellulose material may include nanofibrillated cellulose, nanocrystalline cellulose, or both. In some embodiments, the nanocellulose material is hydrophobic via deposition of some lignin onto the cellulose surface. Optionally, sugars derived from amorphous cellulose and hemicellulose may be separately fermented, such as to monomers for various polymers. These polymers may be combined with the nanocellulose to form completely renewable composites. | 06-05-2014 |
20140154759 | PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING LOW-ASH BIOMASS FOR COMBUSTION OR PELLETS - This invention provides processes and apparatus to convert biomass, including wood and agricultural residues, into low-ash biomass pellets for combustion, alone or in combination with another solid fuel. Some embodiments provide processes for producing low-ash biomass from cellulosic biomass, comprising providing an aqueous extraction solution with acetic acid; extracting the feedstock to produce an extract liquor containing soluble ash, hemicellulosic oligomers, acetic acid, dissolved lignin, and cellulose-rich solids; dewatering and drying the cellulose-rich, lignin-rich solids to produce a low-ash biomass; hydrolyzing the hemicellulosic oligomers to produce hemicellulosic sugars, wherein additional acetic acid is generated; removing a vapor stream comprising vaporized acetic acid from the extract; and recycling the vapor or its condensate to provide some starting acetic acid for the extraction solution. The disclosed processes can produce clean power from biomass. Co-products may include fermentable sugars, fermentation products such as ethanol, fertilizers, and lignin. | 06-05-2014 |
20140155301 | PROCESSES AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING NANOCELLULOSE, AND COMPOSITIONS AND PRODUCTS PRODUCED THEREFROM - Processes disclosed are capable of converting biomass into high-crystallinity nanocellulose with surprisingly low mechanical energy input. In some variations, the process includes fractionating biomass with an acid (such as sulfur dioxide), a solvent (such as ethanol), and water, to generate cellulose-rich solids and a liquid containing hemicellulose and lignin; and mechanically treating the cellulose-rich solids to form nanofibrils and/or nanocrystals. The total mechanical energy may be less than 500 kilowatt-hours per ton. The crystallinity of the nanocellulose material may be 80% or higher, translating into good reinforcing properties for composites. The nanocellulose material may include nanofibrillated cellulose, nanocrystalline cellulose, or both. In some embodiments, the nanocellulose material is hydrophobic via deposition of some lignin onto the cellulose surface. Optionally, sugars derived from amorphous cellulose and hemicellulose may be separately fermented, such as to monomers for various polymers. These polymers may be combined with the nanocellulose to form completely renewable composites. | 06-05-2014 |
20140163210 | PROCESSES AND APPARATUS FOR LIGNIN SEPARATION IN BIOREFINERIES - The present invention generally provides methods of improving lignin separation during biomass fractionation with an acid to release sugars and a solvent for lignin (such as ethanol). In some embodiments, a digestor is employed to fractionating a feedstock in the presence of a solvent for lignin, sulfur dioxide, and water, to produce a liquor containing hemicellulose, cellulose-rich solids, and lignin. A solid additive is added to the digestor, wherein the solid additive combines with at least a portion of the lignin. Then a mixture of lignin and the solid additive is separated from the liquor, prior to hemicellulose recovery. Optionally, a solid additive may also be introduced to a hydrolysis reactor for converting hemicellulose oligomers to monomers, to improve separation of acid-catalyzed lignin. In some embodiments, the solid additive is gypsum or a gypsum/lignin mixture. | 06-12-2014 |
20140170713 | BIOMASS FRACTIONATION PROCESSES, APPARATUS, AND PRODUCTS PRODUCED THEREFROM - Aspects of the AVAP® and Green Power+® technologies may be integrated, as disclosed herein. The present invention, in some variations, couples a first step of steam or hot-water extraction of biomass, with fractionation of the resulting solids using sulfur dioxide (or other acid), an alcohol (or other solvent), and water. In other variations, a first step of fractionation with sulfur dioxide (or other acid), an alcohol (or other solvent), and water is followed by treatment with steam or hot water to reduce hemicellulose content of the final solids. Some embodiments provide cellulose materials with low lignin and low hemicellulose content. Such cellulose materials are useful for making glucose by hydrolysis, as a pulp product, or as purified cellulose for making cellulose derivatives. | 06-19-2014 |
20140182582 | PROCESSES FOR MAKING CELLULOSE WITH VERY LOW LIGNIN CONTENT FOR GLUCOSE, HIGH-PURITY CELLULOSE, OR CELLULOSE DERIVATIVES - In some variations, the invention provides a process for producing purified cellulose, comprising: providing a feedstock comprising lignocellulosic biomass; contacting the feedstock with sulfur dioxide, water, and a solvent for lignin, to produce intermediate solids and a liquid phase comprising hemicelluloses and lignin; mildly bleaching the intermediate solids to further delignify the intermediate solids, thereby generating cellulose-rich solids; and washing the cellulose-rich solids to generate purified cellulose with less than 2 weight percent lignin. The bleaching may employ bleaching agents including lignin-modifying enzymes. The bleaching and washing steps may be combined. It is also possible to carry out bleaching prior to, or simultaneously with, biomass fractionation in the digestor, which may help reduce downstream lignin precipitation. The purified cellulose may be utilized for making cellulose materials or cellulose derivatives, or for hydrolysis to produce glucose. | 07-03-2014 |
20140186898 | PROCESSES FOR FRACTIONATING WHOLE PLANTS TO PRODUCE FERMENTABLE SUGARS AND CO-PRODUCTS - The invention provides processes for producing fermentable sugars from whole biomass that includes cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and non-lignocellulosic sugars. Some variations fractionate the whole feedstock in the presence of sulfur dioxide, a solvent for lignin, and water, to produce a liquor containing hemicellulose, cellulose-rich solids, lignin, and the non-lignocellulosic sugars. After removing the cellulose-rich solids from the liquor, the hemicellulose is hydrolyzed to hemicellulosic monomers; the cellulose-rich solids are hydrolyzed to glucose; and the hemicellulosic monomers, the glucose, and the non-lignocellulosic sugars are all recovered (separately or in combination) as fermentable sugars. The whole biomass feedstock may be selected from sugarcane, energy cane, corn, wheat, rice, sugar beets, energy beets, etc. Typical non-lignocellulosic sugars are sucrose or starch, which may be converted to monomer sugars during initial fractionation. The invention provides a convenient biorefining system, avoiding expensive logistics associated with separating agricultural residues at harvest or following transportation. | 07-03-2014 |
20140186899 | BIOMASS FRACTIONATION PROCESSES EMPLOYING SULFUR DIOXIDE - The present invention provides a process for fractionating lignocellulosic biomass, comprising: contacting biomass with SO | 07-03-2014 |
20140186901 | PROCESSES AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING FERMENTABLE SUGARS, CELLULOSE SOLIDS, AND LIGNIN FROM LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS - In some variations, the invention provides a process for fractionating biomass, comprising: fractionating the biomass in the presence of a solvent for lignin, sulfur dioxide, and water, to produce a liquor containing hemicellulose, cellulose-rich solids, and lignin; hydrolyzing the hemicellulose contained in the liquor, to produce hemicellulosic monomers; hydrolyzing the cellulose-rich solids to produce glucose; and recovering the hemicellulosic monomers and the glucose, as fermentable sugars, wherein a metal sulfite or metal bisulfite additive is introduced to react directly or indirectly with lignin to produce sulfonated lignin. The disclosed processes may enhance lignin separations as well as promote the co-product potential of lignin. | 07-03-2014 |
20140186903 | PROCESSES AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING FURFURAL, LEVULINIC ACID, AND OTHER SUGAR-DERIVED PRODUCTS FROM BIOMASS - In some variations, the invention provides a process for producing furfural, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, and/or levulinic acid from cellulosic biomass, comprising: fractionating the feedstock in the presence of a solvent for lignin, sulfur dioxide, and water, to produce a liquor containing hemicellulose, cellulose-rich solids, and lignin; hydrolyzing the hemicellulose contained in the liquor, to produce hemicellulosic monomers; dehydrating the hemicellulose to convert at least a portion of C | 07-03-2014 |
20140308720 | PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING LEVULINIC ACID FROM BIOMASS - This invention provides processes to convert biomass, including wood and agricultural residues, to levulinic acid and co-products. Some variations treat feedstock with steam and/or hot water to produce an extract liquor containing hemicellulosic oligomers, lignin, and cellulose-rich solids, wherein the hemicellulosic oligomers comprise C | 10-16-2014 |
20140356915 | INTEGRATED BIOREFINERIES FOR PRODUCTION OF SUGARS, FERMENTATION PRODUCTS, AND COPRODUCTS - Processes are described for fractionating lignocellulosic biomass into cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, comprising fractionating lignocellulosic biomass in the presence of a solvent for lignin (such as ethanol), a hydrolysis catalyst (such as sulfur dioxide), and water, to produce a liquor containing hemicellulose, cellulose-rich solids, and lignin; hydrolyzing the hemicellulose to produce hemicellulosic monomers; saccharifying the cellulose-rich solids to produce glucose; recovering the hemicellulosic monomers and the glucose, separately or in a combined stream, as fermentable sugars; and fermenting the fermentable sugars to a fermentation product having a higher normal boiling point than water. Process integration of mass and/or energy is disclosed in many specific embodiments. The fermentation product may include an organic acid, an alcohol, a diol, or combinations thereof. | 12-04-2014 |
20140366870 | METHODS FOR RECOVERING AND RECYCLING SALT BYPRODUCTS IN BIOREFINERY PROCESSES - In some variations, the invention provides a process for fractionating biomass, comprising: in a digestor, fractionating a biomass feedstock in the presence of a solvent for lignin, sulfur dioxide, and water, to produce a liquor containing hemicellulose, cellulose-rich solids, and lignin; substantially removing the cellulose-rich solids from the liquor; hydrolyzing the hemicellulose contained in the liquor, to produce hemicellulosic monomers; hydrolyzing the cellulose-rich solids to produce glucose; neutralizing, with lime, a hydrolysate liquid containing the hemicellulosic monomers and the glucose, thereby generating gypsum; heating the gypsum to form calcium sulfate; reducing the calcium sulfate with a reductant (such as syngas) to generate calcium oxide and sulfur dioxide; and recycling the calcium oxide and the sulfur dioxide. In other variations, magnesium oxide is the base from neutralizing the hydrolysate, and the resulting magnesium sulfate is converted back to magnesium oxide and sulfur dioxide through combustion. | 12-18-2014 |
20150072389 | PROCESS FOR THE STEPWISE TREATMENT OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIAL TO PRODUCE REACTIVE CHEMICAL FEEDSTOCKS - A method for the fractionation of lignocellulosic materials into reactive chemical feedstock in a batch or semi continuous process by the stepwise treatment with aqueous aliphatic alcohols in the presence of sulfur dioxide or acid. Lignocellulosic material is fractionated in a fashion that cellulose is removed as pulp, or converted to esterified cellulose, cooking chemicals are reused, lignin is separated in the forms of reactive native lignin and reactive lignosulfonates and hemicelluloses are converted into fermentable sugars, while fermentation inhibitors are removed. In an integrated vapor compression stripper and evaporator system, aliphatic alcohol is removed from a liquid stream and the resulting stream is concentrated for further processing. | 03-12-2015 |
20150136345 | METHODS OF WASHING CELLULOSE-RICH SOLIDS FROM BIOMASS FRACTIONATION TO REDUCE LIGNIN AND ASH CONTENT - The present invention provides a process for fractionating lignocellulosic biomass, comprising: digesting a biomass feedstock in the presence of a solvent for lignin, an acid, and water, to produce cellulose-rich solids; separating and washing the cellulose-rich solids with a wash solvent; washing the cellulose-rich solids with water, to generate washed cellulose-rich solids and a wash liquor comprising fines, wherein the wash liquor is introduced to or in contact with a classifier to remove the fines; and separating the fines and recycling the remaining water. The classifier may include a screen with mesh size in the range of 10 to 500, such as 200. The washed cellulose-rich solids will typically have a lower Kappa number (lignin content) and ash content compared to cellulose-rich solids from a process without a classifier that removes fines. | 05-21-2015 |
20150184260 | PRODUCTION OF FERMENTABLE C5 AND C6 SUGARS FROM LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS - In some variations, this invention provides a process for producing fermentable sugars from cellulosic biomass, comprising: extracting biomass with steam or hot water to produce an extract liquor containing hemicellulose oligomers, dissolved lignin, and cellulose-rich solids; separating and washing the cellulose-rich solids; removing a portion of glucan contained in the washed cellulose-rich solids as glucose oligomers using a liquefaction-focused blend of enzymes; co-hydrolyzing glucose oligomers and hemicellulose oligomers, with enzymes or chemical catalyst, to produce glucose and hemicellulose monomers; and recovering the glucose and hemicellulose monomers as fermentable sugars. The liquefaction-focused blend of enzymes contains endoglucanases and exoglucanases. Optionally, the glucose and the hemicellulose monomers may be recovered as separate streams. The residual cellulose (not hydrolyzed) as well as the lignin may be recovered and combusted, or utilized for other purposes, such as for energy-dense pellets. | 07-02-2015 |
20150184345 | SULFITE-BASED PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING NANOCELLULOSE, AND COMPOSITIONS AND PRODUCTS PRODUCED THEREFROM - Processes disclosed are capable of converting biomass into high-crystallinity nanocellulose with low mechanical energy input. In some variations, the process includes fractionating biomass with sulfur dioxide or a sulfite compound and water, to generate cellulose-rich solids and a liquid containing hemicellulose and lignin; and mechanically treating the cellulose-rich solids to form nanofibrils and/or nanocrystals. The total mechanical energy may be less than 500 kilowatt-hours per ton. The crystallinity of the nanocellulose material may be 80% or higher, translating into good reinforcing properties for composites. The nanocellulose material may include nanofibrillated cellulose, nanocrystalline cellulose, or both. In some embodiments, the nanocellulose material is hydrophobic via deposition of some lignin onto the cellulose surface. Optionally, sugars derived from amorphous cellulose and hemicellulose may be separately fermented, such as to monomers for various polymers. These polymers may be combined with the nanocellulose to form completely renewable composites. | 07-02-2015 |
20150191873 | PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING HIGH-YIELD PULP AND PAPER PRODUCTS - An improved semichemical pulping process is disclosed to reduce washing costs and recovery process costs, while producing equivalent pulp and paper products. In some variations, the invention provides a process for producing a paper product from biomass, comprising: digesting lignocellulosic biomass in the presence of steam and/or hot water to generate an intermediate pulp material and a liquid phase containing extracted hemicelluloses; mechanically refining the intermediate pulp material, to generate a refined pulp material; and introducing the refined pulp material, the liquid phase, and optionally a separate solid material to a paper machine, to produce a paper product. The process optionally employs no washing step. When the liquid phase is washed from the intermediate pulp material or the refined pulp material using an aqueous wash solution, the wash filtrate may be introduced directly or indirectly to the paper machine. | 07-09-2015 |
20150204017 | NANOCELLULOSE PRODUCTION USING LIGNOSULFONIC ACID - Processes disclosed are capable of converting biomass into high-crystallinity nanocellulose with low mechanical energy input. In some variations, the process includes fractionating biomass with lignosulfonic acids, to generate cellulose-rich solids; and mechanically treating the cellulose-rich solids to form nanofibrils and/or nanocrystals. The strong lignosulfonic acids created during delignification give a pH less than 1 and hydrolyze preferentially the amorphous regions of cellulose. The total mechanical energy may be less than 500 kilowatt-hours per ton. The crystallinity of the nanocellulose material may be 80% or higher, translating into good reinforcing properties for composites. The nanocellulose material may include nanofibrillated cellulose, nanocrystalline cellulose, or both. In some embodiments, the nanocellulose material is hydrophobic via deposition of lignin onto the cellulose surface. Optionally, sugars derived from amorphous cellulose and hemicellulose may be separately fermented to co-products. | 07-23-2015 |
20150225756 | ALCOHOL SULFITE BIOREFINERY PROCESS - A biorefinery process to fractionate lignocellulosic materials into cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin using a pretreatment with mixture of alcohol, sulfur dioxide and water. Further treatment with enzymes, micro-organisms, and optionally bisulfite ion, are used to convert intermediate products to alcohol and lignin derivatives. | 08-13-2015 |
20150232580 | PROCESSES AND APPARATUS FOR REMOVAL OF FERMENTATION INHIBITORS FROM BIOMASS HYDROLYSATES - The disclosure provides a process for separating fermentation inhibitors from a biomass-derived hydrolysate, comprising: introducing a biomass-derived liquid hydrolysate stream to a stripping column; introducing a steam-rich vapor stream to the stripping column to strip fermentation inhibitors (such as acetic acid) from the liquid hydrolysate stream; recovering a stripped liquid stream and a stripper vapor output stream; compressing the stripper vapor output stream; introducing the compressed vapor stream, and a water-rich liquid stream, to an evaporator; recovering, from the evaporator, an evaporated liquid stream and an evaporator output vapor stream; and recycling the evaporator output vapor stream to the stripping column as the steam-rich vapor stream. Other variations utilize a rectification column to recover a rectified liquid stream and a rectification column vapor stream, and recycle the rectification column vapor stream to the stripping column as the steam-rich vapor stream. | 08-20-2015 |
20150232703 | PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING LIGNIN-COATED HYDROPHOBIC CELLULOSE, AND COMPOSITIONS AND PRODUCTS PRODUCED THEREFROM - Processes disclosed are capable of converting biomass into high-crystallinity, hydrophobic cellulose. In some variations, the process includes fractionating biomass with an acid (such as sulfur dioxide), a solvent (such as ethanol), and water, to generate cellulose-rich solids and a liquid containing hemicellulose and lignin; and depositing lignin onto cellulose fibers to produce lignin-coated cellulose materials (such as dissolving pulp). The crystallinity of the cellulose material may be 80% or higher, translating into good reinforcing properties for composites. Optionally, sugars derived from amorphous cellulose and hemicellulose may be separately fermented, such as to monomers for various polymers. These polymers may be combined with the hydrophobic cellulose to form completely renewable composites. | 08-20-2015 |
20150232893 | SYSTEM AND PROCESS FOR SEPARATING PURE CHEMICALS FROM BIOMASS EXTRACT - A system or plant and method for the production of pure alcohol, acetic acid or its derivatives from the extract containing hemicelluloses filtered after extraction of woody biomass or directly extracted from woody biomass. The process can be integrated with the host plant process to minimize the effect of loss of heat value from the extracted hemicelluloses and reduce the loading to the effluent plant. | 08-20-2015 |
20150233057 | LIGNIN-COATED CELLULOSE FIBERS FROM LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS - A process is provided for producing a lignin-coated cellulose material, comprising: pre-extracting a lignocellulosic biomass feedstock in the presence of steam or hot water, depositing lignin from the liquid onto a surface of solids to generate a lignin-coated intermediate material; optionally drying the intermediate material; digesting the lignin-coated intermediate material in the presence of an acid, a solvent for lignin, and water, wherein the rate of delignification of surface lignin is lower than the rate of delignification of bulk lignin; and recovering a hydrophobic lignin-coated cellulose material. In some variations, part of the overall process is a combination of Green Power+® and AVAP® technologies. A cellulose-rich composition is provided, containing about 5 wt % to about 15 wt % total lignin, with particles having a higher average surface concentration of lignin compared to an average bulk (internal) concentration of lignin. | 08-20-2015 |
20150259709 | PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING FLUFF PULP AND ETHANOL FROM SUGARCANE - The disclosure provides a process for producing fluff pulp and ethanol from sugarcane bagasse or straw, comprising: fractionating the feedstock in the presence of an acid catalyst, a solvent for lignin, and water, to generate a solid/liquid slurry comprising cellulose-rich solids, hemicelluloses, and lignin; separating the solid/liquid slurry into a solid stream and a liquid stream; further treating the cellulose-rich solids to produce fluff pulp; hydrolyzing the hemicelluloses to generate hemicellulose monomers; and fermenting at least a portion of the hemicellulose monomers to cellulosic ethanol. Lignin is removed from the process during one or more steps and combusted to provide energy for process requirements. The process is integrated with, and provides energy to, a first-generation process that ferments sugarcane-derived sucrose to first-generation ethanol. Similar processes are possible with energy cane, corn, and other crops. | 09-17-2015 |
20150275237 | PROCESSES FOR CO-PRODUCING XYLITOL WITH ETHANOL OR OTHER FERMENTATION PRODUCTS - What is disclosed is a biorefining process to co-produce xylitol with ethanol or other products. In some variations, a process for producing ethanol and xylitol from lignocellulosic biomass, comprises: extracting hemicelluloses from lignocellulosic biomass, wherein the hemicelluloses include xylose oligomers and other sugar oligomers; hydrolyzing the xylose oligomers and the other sugar oligomers, using an acid catalyst or enzymes, to generate xylose and other sugar monomers, respectively; fermenting the other sugar monomers to ethanol using a suitable ethanol-producing microorganism; removing at least some of the ethanol (to increase concentration of xylose); fermenting the xylose to xylitol using a suitable xylitol-producing microorganism; and recovering the xylitol at high concentration. | 10-01-2015 |
20150275252 | PRODUCTION OF FERMENTABLE BIOMASS SUGARS USING HIGH-SOLIDS ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS - In some variations, this invention provides a process for producing fermentable sugars from cellulosic biomass, comprising: extracting biomass with steam or hot water to produce an extract liquor containing hemicellulose oligomers, dissolved lignin, and cellulose-rich solids; separating and washing the cellulose-rich solids; removing a portion of glucan contained in the washed cellulose-rich solids as glucose oligomers using a liquefaction-focused blend of enzymes; co-hydrolyzing glucose oligomers and hemicellulose oligomers, with enzymes or an acid catalyst, to produce glucose and hemicellulose monomers; and recovering the glucose and hemicellulose monomers as fermentable sugars. The liquefaction-focused blend of enzymes contains endoglucanases and exoglucanases. A rotating unit for high-solids enzymatic hydrolysis may be employed, with continuous liquid removal. Optionally, the glucose and the hemicellulose monomers may be recovered as separate streams. The residual cellulose (not hydrolyzed) as well as the lignin may be recovered and combusted, or utilized for other purposes. | 10-01-2015 |
20150352140 | BIOMASS-BASED DIETARY SUPPLEMENT - A biomass-derived dietary supplement comprising an acetate salt, a hemicellulose-derived sweetener, and cellulose is provided. The formulation may originate from treatment of biomass, by converting acetic acid (from biomass) to an acetate salt and combining it with a hemicellulose-based sweetener such as xylitol and inert, non-digestive cellulose. This is formed into a powder, crystal, pill or capsule to be delivered orally as a dietary supplement. Supplemental minerals and vitamins may be added. A process for producing a biomass-derived dietary supplement is also disclosed. | 12-10-2015 |
20150354017 | METHODS FOR REMOVING RESIDUAL SOLIDS FROM ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSATE TO MAKE PURIFIED FERMENTABLE SUGAR SYRUP - The invention provides a method for purifying a biomass hydrolysate comprising sugars and suspended particles, comprising centrifuging the biomass hydrolysate, thermally treating the centrifuged hydrolysate to chemically or physically agglomerate the suspended particles, and filtering the thermally treated hydrolysate to remove agglomerated suspended particles, thereby generating a purified hydrolysate (sugar syrup). The sequence of steps may be varied. Biomass hydrolysates may be provided from a wide variety of processes. Surprisingly, a 20-fold improvement in sugar purity (total suspended solids content) is demonstrated experimentally, compared to prior methods. | 12-10-2015 |
20150361474 | PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING CELLULOSIC FRUCTOSE FROM LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS - Some variations provide a process for producing cellulosic fructose from biomass, comprising: fractionating a biomass feedstock in the presence of an acid catalyst, a solvent for lignin, and water, to produce a liquor containing cellulose-rich solids, lignin, and dissolved hemicellulose; removing the cellulose-rich solids from the liquor; hydrolyzing the dissolved hemicellulose contained in the liquor, to produce a hydrolyzed liquor comprising hemicellulosic monomers; hydrolyzing the cellulose-rich solids to produce glucose, using cellulase enzymes or an acid or base hydrolysis catalyst; enzymatically isomerizing the glucose to fructose, using glucose isomerase enzymes; and recovering the fructose in purified form or in a fructose-glucose solution. The cellulosic fructose produced by the disclosed processes has many uses. | 12-17-2015 |
20160002689 | PROCESSES UTILIZING PULP AND PAPER MILL EQUIPMENT FOR ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS OF CELLULOSIC FIBERS TO GLUCOSE - A method for the production of alcohol and other bioproducts hemicelluloses extracted from biomass prior to thermal conversion of the biomass to energy. The process can be integrated with the host plant process to minimize the energy loss from extracting hemicelluloses. Also disclosed is a Stepwise enzymatic break down of cellulose fibers from a pulping operation which is performed with the redeployment of equipment and vessels contained within typical existing pulp and paper manufacturing mills. The preferred feedstock is highly delignified pulp from acid or alkaline pulping process or from bleaching stage. | 01-07-2016 |
Vesa Pylkkanen, Atalanta, GA US
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20110165643 | Separation of Lignin From Hydrolyzate - A method for the production water insoluble reactive lignin having low sulfur content and lignosulfonates from lignocellulosic material in a batch or continuous process. Lignocellulosic material is fractionated to produce water insoluble native lignin and lignosulfonates in various ratios, while preserving the cellulose and hydrolyzed hemicelluloses using water, ethanol and sulfur dioxide. | 07-07-2011 |
Vesa Rajalampi, Iittala FI
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20140178143 | WORKPIECE ABUTMENT STRUCTURE FOR A MILLING MACHINE - A workpiece abutment structure for a milling machine to carry out accurate positioning of the workpiece during the machining includes a body element to be supported to a bench of the milling machine and a number of support elements shaped as a rectangular parallelepiped and mountable in a superposed configuration to one another into a support post of a desired height. Further, the structure includes a number of straight abutment bars and corresponding support holes and lockings in the support elements to push the abutment bar through the support element and lock it in a desired position. In addition, the abutment structure has a locking bar, and the support elements have a corresponding hole to lock the support elements to one another into a support post of a desired height. | 06-26-2014 |
Vesa Riihela, Halkia FI
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20080251628 | Method in Reeling Up and a Reel-Up - The invention relates to a method and an apparatus in reeling up, in which a paper web or the like (W) is reeled around a center-driven reel spool ( | 10-16-2008 |
Vesa Riihimäki, Vaasa FI
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20120139264 | PROTECTION ARRANGEMENT OF AN ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEM - The inventive protection arrangement of an electric power system comprises a relay arrangement ( | 06-07-2012 |
Vesa Ropponen, Punkalaidun FI
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20090045583 | Ring Sealing Between Sliding Surfaces - An o-ring seal ( | 02-19-2009 |
20090090419 | SUCTION VALVE - A suction valve be placed in a pipe line and intended for flow material, by means of which the flow can be closed, regulated and back flow prevented, whereby the suction valve comprises a movable a locking means ( | 04-09-2009 |
Vesa Ropponen, Huittinen FI
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20100107863 | DEVICE MEANT FOR CONTROLLING OF AN OSCILLATING CYLINDER - An arm structure intended for controlling the impulse valve ( | 05-06-2010 |
Vesa Ruoppila, Montreal CA
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20090063139 | Signal modification method for efficient coding of speech signals - For determining a long-term-prediction delay parameter characterizing a long term prediction in a technique using signal modification for digitally encoding a sound signal, the sound signal is divided into a series of successive frames, a feature of the sound signal is located in a previous frame, a corresponding feature of the sound signal is located in a current frame, and the long-term-prediction delay parameter is determined for the current frame while mapping, with the long term prediction, the signal feature of the previous frame with the corresponding signal feature of the current frame. In a signal modification method for implementation into a technique for digitally encoding a sound signal, the sound signal is divided into a series of successive frames, each frame of the sound signal is partitioned into a plurality of signal segments, and at least a part of the signal segments of the frame are warped while constraining the warped signal segments inside the frame. For searching pitch pulses in a sound signal, a residual signal is produced by filtering the sound signal through a linear prediction analysis filter, a weighted sound signal is produced by processing the sound signal through a weighting filter, the weighted sound signal being indicative of signal periodicity, a synthesized weighted sound signal is produced by filtering a synthesized speech signal produced during a last subframe of a previous frame of the sound signal through the weighting filter, a last pitch pulse of the sound signal of the previous frame is located from the residual signal, a pitch pulse prototype of given length is extracted around the position of the last pitch pulse of the sound signal of the previous frame using the synthesized weighted sound signal, and the pitch pulses are located in a current frame using the pitch pulse prototype. | 03-05-2009 |
Vesa Ruoppila, Nuernberg DE
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20130332148 | APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR ENCODING AND DECODING AN AUDIO SIGNAL USING AN ALIGNED LOOK-AHEAD PORTION - An apparatus for encoding an audio signal having a stream of audio samples has: a windower for applying a prediction coding analysis window to the stream of audio samples to obtain windowed data for a prediction analysis and for applying a transform coding analysis window to the stream of audio samples to obtain windowed data for a transform analysis, wherein the transform coding analysis window is associated with audio samples within a current frame of audio samples and with audio samples of a predefined portion of a future frame of audio samples being a transform-coding look-ahead portion, wherein the prediction coding analysis window is associated with at least the portion of the audio samples of the current frame and with audio samples of a predefined portion of the future frame being a prediction coding look-ahead portion, wherein the transform coding look-ahead portion and the prediction coding look-ahead portion are identically to each other or are different from each other by less than 20%; and an encoding processor for generating prediction coded data or for generating transform coded data. | 12-12-2013 |
Vesa Saynajakangas, Espoo FI
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20150247727 | METHOD AND A SYSTEM FOR TRACKING AND ANALYZING A TRAJECTORY OF A MOVING OBJECT, AND FOR PROVIDING A SCORE OF SUCH A TRAJECTORY - The present invention relates to tracking and analyzing a trajectory of a moving object, like a sports equipment used in an exercise. The present invention to provides a solution for tracking and analyzing a trajectory of a moving object in such a way, that the trajectories can be analyzed and compared to reference data created for the purpose, in order to evaluate and score the movement of the object—including a performance of a person using the object. | 09-03-2015 |
Vesa Siivola, Erie, CO US
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20110071817 | System and Method for Language Identification - A system and method for training a language classifier are disclosed that may include obtaining an initial dictionary-based classifier model, stored in a computer memory, the model including a plurality of classifier n-grams; pruning away selected ones of the n-grams that do not significantly affect a performance of the classifier model; adding, to the model, selected supplemental n-grams that increase the effectiveness of the classifier model at identifying a language of a text sample, thereby growing the classifier model; and enabling the adding step to include adding n-grams of varying order, thereby enabling the provision of a variable-order model. | 03-24-2011 |
Vesa Siivola, Espoo FI
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20140006029 | SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR MODELING L1-SPECIFIC PHONOLOGICAL ERRORS IN COMPUTER-ASSISTED PRONUNCIATION TRAINING SYSTEM | 01-02-2014 |
Vesa Siltanen, Tampere FI
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20150353328 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR CONTROLLING THE CRANE OF A WORKING MACHINE BY USING BOOM TIP CONTROL - The disclosure relates to a method for controlling the crane of a working machine by using boom tip control, in which method the crane comprises at least two booms connected to the working machine and each other in an articulated manner, which booms are moved in relation to the working machine and to each other by means of actuators controlled by a control system of the working machine, and in which method the direction and speed of motion of the head of the crane, controlled by the driver applying controls in the working machine, is implemented by applying speeds of the different booms of the crane. In the method according to the disclosure the speeds of different booms of the crane are determined automatically on the basis of at least one of the following factors: positions of the different booms of the crane in relation to the extreme position of their range of motion; the maximum speed of the head of the crane achieved by the crane; maximum force achieved by the crane; location of the head of the crane in relation to the working machine; location of surrounding obstacles in relation to the crane. The disclosure also relates to a system for controlling the head of the crane of a working machine by boom tip control. | 12-10-2015 |
Vesa Sorri, Espoo FI
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20110240261 | METHOD FOR HEAT EXCHANGE, SYSTEM AND USE - A method, system and use for heat exchange in super-critical or near-critical water gasification process of biomass. The method comprising steps of: heating a biomass in a first heat exchanger ( | 10-06-2011 |
Vesa Suontama, Espoo FI
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20100070160 | METHOD FOR DETECTING DEFECTS IN NAVIGATION DATA - A navigation system using a mobile terminal ( | 03-18-2010 |
20140036093 | Detection of Graphics Added to a Video Signal - The invention allows detecting which graphics, if any,have been added to the video signal at any given time by utilizing only the various signals provided by prior art hardware. A first video signal, graphics signal(s), and a second video signal are received. It is then determined which graphics, if any, are present in a given frame of the received second video signal based on comparing actual values of pixels of the received second video signal and calculated values of pixels derived from the first video signal, and the graphics signal(s),and the combination of graphics signal(s)which produces the best match is searched for. | 02-06-2014 |
20150055019 | Detection of Graphics Added to a Video Signal - The invention allows detecting which graphics, if any, have been added to the video signal at any given time by utilizing only the various signals provided by prior art hardware. A first video signal, graphics signal(s), and a second video signal are received. It is then determined which graphics, if any, are present in a given frame of the received second video signal based on comparing actual values of pixels of the received second video signal and calculated values of pixels derived from the first video signal, and the graphics signal(s), and the combination of graphics signal(s) which produces the best match is searched for. | 02-26-2015 |
Vesa Tienvieri, Tampere FI
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20090119614 | Method, Apparatus and Computer Program Product for Heirarchical Navigation with Respect to Content Items of a Media Collection - An apparatus for providing hierarchical navigation with respect to content items of a media collection may include a processing element. The processing element may be configured to provide a hierarchical organization of content items in which each of the content items is organized according to type and, within each type, the content items are further organized according to categories. Each of the categories may represent a different basis upon which to organize the content items. The processing element may be further configured to enable a user to view content items within a particular category using a first scrolling function oriented with respect to a first axis, and enable the user to switch categories using a second scrolling function oriented with respect to a second axis. | 05-07-2009 |
Vesa Tokopainen, Lemu FI
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20100132423 | METHOD FOR IMPROVING VERMICULITE'S INTAKE OF AMMONIUM IONS, ABSORPTION MATERIAL, ITS USES AND METHOD OF REMOVING AMMONIUM FROM ENVIRONMENT - The invention relates to a method for improving vermiculite's intake of ammonium, in which method heating of the crude vermiculite is conducted to a temperature where vermiculite's third dehydration step takes place, the temperature being lower than the temperature where vermiculite's fourth dehydration/dehydroxylation step takes place. The invention relates also to use of the obtained vermiculite and to an absorption material, comprising vermiculite material and additives, where at least 50% of the vermiculite material comprises vermiculite, which has undergone the third dehydration step but not the fourth dehydration/dehydroxylation step. The invention relates also to use of thermally treated and ammonium doped vermiculite as fertilizer/soil conditioner. | 06-03-2010 |
Vesa Tuomiaro, Helsinki FI
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20110102463 | POSITION FINE TUNING IN A COMPUTER AIDED MODELING - A position fine tuning of an object without movement of creation points of the object is facilitated with a position tool having a graphic position tool displayed on a display. The graphic position tool may comprise a rotation tool, dragging of which causes the object to rotate accordingly around its creation axis, and/or an offset tool, either a clickable one or a draggable one, with which the object's position on an offset plane can be changed. A clickable offset tool may comprise buttons clicking of which causes the object to move a predetermined offset value(s) to a direction defined by the button. | 05-05-2011 |
Vesa Uitto, Tampere FI
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20100147084 | MEASURING DEVICE, ROCK BREAKING DEVICE AND METHOD OF MEASURING STRESS WAVE - The invention relates to a method of measuring a stress wave and to a measuring device and a rock breaking device. A percussion device ( | 06-17-2010 |
20130036812 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DETECTING TIGHTNESS OF THREADED JOINTS OF DRILL RODS - The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for detecting tightness of threaded joints of drill rods when unfastening at least one threaded joint of the drilling equipment ( | 02-14-2013 |
Vesa Välimäki, Espoo FI
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20100249958 | SYSTEM FOR SPORTS ACTIVITY - A system for a sports activity, which system is adapted to detect potential game contacts that include contacts between games equipment ( | 09-30-2010 |
Vesa Välimäki, Espoo FI
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20100249958 | SYSTEM FOR SPORTS ACTIVITY - A system for a sports activity, which system is adapted to detect potential game contacts that include contacts between games equipment ( | 09-30-2010 |
Vesa Virkki, Espoo FI
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20150092942 | Security Key Generation for Dual Connectivity - Techniques for the secure generation of a set of encryption keys to be used for communication between a wireless terminal and an assisting base station in a dual-connectivity scenario. An example method includes generating ( | 04-02-2015 |
20150237173 | TCP Proxy Server - In methods and devices for controlling a TCP proxy server, the TCP-proxy initial window size is set based on TCP RTT measurements. This is possible because the TCP proxy has knowledge about both sides Round Trip Time RTT values just after opening the TCP connections. The proxy can set its initial window size higher in the download case if it notices that the RTT in the link between the proxy and internet is shorter than the RTT in the other link, typically a wireless link In the opposite case, when the RTT in the link between the proxy and internet is longer than the RTT in the other link, typically a wireless link, the TCP proxy can be configured to send more Acknowledgements (ACKs) to increase the internet TCP server congestion window size faster. | 08-20-2015 |
20150245289 | Device and Method For Improved DRX For Use With TCP - A TCP Proxy node ( | 08-27-2015 |
Vesa Virkki, Jorvas FI
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20100234014 | DYNAMIC TIME TO TRIGGER FOR UE MEASUREMENTS - A method, apparatus, and system are described relating to at time when a wireless terminal reports an event to a network. An event to be reported to the network is detected by the wireless terminal. A communications condition affecting a communication between the wireless terminal and the network is determined, and based on the detected communications condition, a dynamic time-to-trigger period is adjusted so that the event is reported by the wireless terminal to the network before the time-to-trigger period expires. | 09-16-2010 |
20140133388 | SUB-CARRIER ALLOCATION IN A WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM - A radio base station, a relay node and a respective method therein are provided for communicating data to a user equipment, the relay node being associated with the base station, wherein a downlink transmission to the user equipment is scheduled on subframe(s) available for the base station. The method in the radio base station comprises detecting that at least a part of the available subframes are not needed for downlink transmission to the relay node; and un-reserving at least one of the not needed subframes. The method further comprises transmitting, to the relay node, a release notification message notifying the relay node of the unreserved subframes for enabling the relay node to use the unreserved subframes for downlink transmission. | 05-15-2014 |
Vesa Yrjänä, Iisalmi FI
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20140193231 | BOOM STRUCTURE - A boom structure on a work machine includes at least two boom branches and a main boom structure extending from their convergence area substantially in a working direction. Thus, the boom structure provides a fork-like structure. | 07-10-2014 |