Koester, US
Brandon Koester, Marysville, OH US
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20120286526 | STRIKER STIFFENER REINFORCEMENT - A striker reinforcement plate for support of a striker member on an automotive vehicle body. The plate has a first substantially planar face, including at least two holes for receiving mating bolts or screws. A flange extends from multiple edges of the face substantially perpendicular to the face. The flange includes mounting tabs extending outwardly and substantially perpendicular to the flange. The mounting tabs are provided for mating with an automotive vehicle pillar. The face of the striker reinforcement plate mates with a rear surface of a striker stiffener. | 11-15-2012 |
Brandon D. Koester, Marysville, OH US
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20140265450 | VEHICLE FRAME STRUCTURE - A vehicle body structure includes a floor connected to a main frame assembly. The main frame assembly includes first and second side rails and interconnecting cross-members. A front frame structure located near a forward part of the vehicle body structure is connected to the main frame assembly. The front frame structure includes first and second diagonal members and a laterally extending member. Each of the first and second diagonal members includes a forward end portion connected to the main frame assembly and a rearward end portion connected to the lateral member. The rearward end portions converge toward one another and the lateral member is connected to the first and second side rails. The front frame structure transfers an impact load caused by a narrow offset frontal collision from the first side rail to the second side rail by transferring the load through the front frame structure. | 09-18-2014 |
Danny L. Koester, Elkhart, IN US
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20120055790 | Gas Sensor Assembly with Interior Heat Dissipation, Sealing, and Support Plug - A gas sensor assembly including a substrate located in a housing. The substrate includes a high temperature gas sensor end and a lower temperature electronics end. A heat transfer, sealing, and support plug is mounted in the housing to the substrate. The plug seals the sensor end from the electronics end and transfers the heat generated at the high temperature sensor end successively through the substrate, the thermally conductive plug, the housing, and into the outside air. In one embodiment, the housing includes a collar which surrounds a portion of the substrate and is coupled to and supported on one end of the plug and a jacket which surrounds the electronics end of the substrate and includes a neck coupled to and supported on an opposite end of the plug. | 03-08-2012 |
Danny P. Koester US
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20110144454 | Automated interactive drug testing system - An automated interactive drug testing system designed for testing for substance abuse that provides an immediate test result by visual analysis. The system includes at least one remote device and a central computer. Each remote device as well as the central computer include means for receiving a video feed over a network connection such that a testing subject located at a remote device can use its video camera to bi-directionally communicate with a person located at the central computer. In application, the testing subject faces the video camera so that the operator at the central computer can witness the testing and testing results. Preferably, the testing can include an eye scan and a saliva swab drug test. It is important for purposes of testing integrity, that during the entire testing process, the test specimen is never removed from view of the camera and the operator stationed at the central computer such that the operator at the central computer can view the testing samples to determine whether the test is negative or non-negative. | 06-16-2011 |
David Koester, Burlington, NC US
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20090205696 | Thermoelectric Heat Pumps Providing Active Thermal Barriers and Related Devices and Methods - An electronic device may include a heat generating component and a surface adjacent the heat generating component. A temperature of the heat generating component may be greater than a temperature of the surface adjacent the heat generating component during operation of the electronic device. A thermoelectric heat pump between the surface and the heat generating component may be configured to pump heat from a cold side of the thermoelectric heat pump adjacent the surface toward the heat generating component. Related methods are also discussed. | 08-20-2009 |
David A. Koester, Burlington, NC US
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20090072385 | Electronic Assemblies Providing Active Side Heat Pumping and Related Methods and Structures - An electronic assembly may include a packaging substrate, an integrated circuit (IC) semiconductor chip, a plurality of metal interconnection structures, and a thermoelectric heat pump. The integrated circuit (IC) semiconductor chip may have an active side including input/output pads thereon and a back side opposite the active side, and the IC semiconductor chip may be arranged with the active side facing the first surface of the packaging substrate. The plurality of metal interconnection structures may be between the active side of the IC semiconductor chip and the first surface of the packaging substrate, and the plurality of metal interconnection structures may provide mechanical connection between the active side of the IC semiconductor chip and the first surface of the packaging substrate. The thermoelectric heat pump may be coupled to the packaging substrate with the thermoelectric heat pump being configured to actively pump heat between the IC semiconductor chip and the packaging substrate. Related methods and structures are also discussed. | 03-19-2009 |
David D. Koester, Prior Lake, MN US
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20150093061 | APPARATUSES AND METHODS HAVING A BEARING SHIELD ARRANGEMENT - Various aspects of the present disclosure are directed towards an apparatus/method including rolling elements, an outer ring surrounding an inner ring and the inner and outer rings guiding rotation of the rolling elements in a rotation region therebetween, and a cap secured to the inner ring. The apparatus further includes a bearing shield arrangement secured to one of the outer and inner rings and configured with the other of the outer and inner rings to define a gap for the flow of vapor or lubricant from the rotation region through a vapor restricting pathway. | 04-02-2015 |
David J. Koester, Gladbrook, IA US
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20090020167 | Rotary Actuator Lever with Locking Device - A fluid control device or a device for coupling a rotary valve actuator to a rotary valve shaft comprises a housing, a lever, a threaded collet, and first and second stops carried by the housing. The lever comprises a cylindrical member containing the threaded collet. During operation, the first and second stops limit the rotation of the lever between first and second positions, thereby limiting rotation of the valve shaft. During assembly, the device further comprises a third stop that is removably carried by the housing. The third stop engages the lever in the first position simultaneously with the first stop, for example, thereby locking the lever against rotation. With the lever locked, a technician may apply generally any amount of torque to a draw nut disposed on the collet to tighten and/or loosen the collet onto the rotary valve shaft without rotating the lever. | 01-22-2009 |
20150102246 | Interlocking Spring Seat Assembly and Rotary Control Valve Comprising Same - A spring seat assembly for a fluid valve includes a first spring seat having a first protruding member extending away from a first seating surface and a second spring seat having a second protruding member extending away from a second seating surface, the first spring seat being slidable relative to the second spring seat. A spring is disposed between the first seating surface and the second seating surface. A locking element is disposed on at least one of the first protruding member and the second protruding member. | 04-16-2015 |
David J. Koester, Lafayette, IN US
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20140018999 | EXTENDED SMART DIAGNOSTIC CLEAT - Methods and apparatus for diagnosing the condition of a vehicle. Some embodiments include providing an input to a vehicle suspension similar to an impact, and then measuring the response of the vehicle as it drives over an instrumented member. The motion of the instrumented member is recorded and corrected, and in some embodiments a fault index is calculated. The fault index can be displayed to a user to indicate a maintenance condition of the vehicles, such as a worn or broken component. | 01-16-2014 |
David John Koester, Marshalltown, IA US
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20150028242 | FLUID VALVE APPARATUS HAVING ENCLOSED SEALS - Fluid valve apparatus having enclosed seals are disclosed. An example fluid valve includes a movable flow control member positioned between an inlet and an outlet of a fluid flow passageway of the fluid valve. A retainer is removably coupled to the flow control member such that the retainer and the flow control member define a sealing cavity when the retainer is coupled to the flow control member. A seal is positioned within the sealing cavity to define a sealing surface of the flow control member. The seal has an inner core composed of a first material, where the core is substantially encased with a sheath composed of a second material different than the first material. The retainer clamps the seal to the flow control member. | 01-29-2015 |
David John Koester, Gladbrook, IA US
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20120319022 | FLEXIBLE SEALS FOR PROCESS CONTROL VALVES - Flexible seals for process control valves are disclosed. An example disclosed seal includes a seal for use with a butterfly valve. The example seal includes a substantially flexible ring-shaped carrier configured to be moveably fixed within the butterfly valve and to surround a flow control aperture therein. The example seal includes a seal stiffener adjacent the substantially flexible ring-shaped carrier to increase the stiffness of the substantially flexible ring-shaped carrier in a first flow direction. The example seal includes a substantially rigid seal ring to engage an opposing surface. | 12-20-2012 |
20150369371 | FLEXIBLE SEALS FOR PROCESS CONTROL VALVES - Flexible seals for process control valves are disclosed. An example disclosed seal includes a seal for use with a butterfly valve. The example seal includes a substantially flexible ring-shaped carrier configured to be moveably fixed within the butterfly valve and to surround a flow control aperture therein. The example seal includes a seal stiffener adjacent the substantially flexible ring-shaped carrier to increase the stiffness of the substantially flexible ring-shaped carrier in a first flow direction. The example seal includes a substantially rigid seal ring to engage an opposing surface. | 12-24-2015 |
David Joseph Koester, Lafayette, IN US
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20110257900 | METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR DIAGNOSING FAULTS OF A VEHICLE - A rubber cleat is instrumented with two triaxial accelerometers to measure the multi-directional response of the cleat due to the forces within the tire footprint of a ground vehicle. The cleat data is used to detect faults in the front and rear suspension in addition to the wheel tire despite variability in the data. This offboard diagnostic technique is proposed to enable condition-based maintenance. | 10-20-2011 |
20110314915 | DAMAGE DETECTION USING LASER VIBROMETRY - Methods and apparatus for exciting a structure and determining its structural integrity. In particular, methods of nonlinear analysis are used to compare first and second response datasets, each dataset resulting from a different excitation amplitude that the other dataset. | 12-29-2011 |
20130202012 | Highly-Reliable Micro-Electromechanical System Temperature Sensor - A micro-electromechanical system-type (MEMS) sensor arrangement for wirelessly measuring temperatures is disclosed. The MEMS sensor arrangement includes a multimorph sensor, a sensor coil coupled to the multimorph sensor, and a readout coil configured to be magnetically coupled to the sensor coil to i) energize the sensor coil, and ii) provide a readout of the natural frequency of the multimorph sensor, the sensor coil and the readout coil. | 08-08-2013 |
Eric A. Koester, Seattle, WA US
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20120284135 | PROXIMITY BASED ONLINE MARKETPLACE - A online marketplace that can connect nearby buyers and sellers in a time-sensitive and efficient manner. The system can enable users who want something to connect with nearby users who can provide that something by utilizing automatically detected location data from the users' computing devices. The system can allow both buyers and sellers to post listings, and can also allow listings to define multiple quantities of an item or service and allow multiple offers to be made and accepted on such listings via an auction mechanism. The system can improve the efficiency with which buyers and sellers can quickly find each other by not allowing users to submit offers on listings with price changes that degrade the listing. The system can also improve the efficiency with which buyers and sellers complete their transaction by facilitating a peer-to-peer payment process with dispute resolution controls. | 11-08-2012 |
Eric A. Koester, Washington, DC US
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20120284143 | PROXIMITY BASED ONLINE MARKETPLACE - A online marketplace that can connect nearby buyers and sellers in a time-sensitive and efficient manner. The system can enable users who want something to connect with nearby users who can provide that something by utilizing automatically detected location data from the users' computing devices. The system can allow both buyers and sellers to post listings, and can also allow listings to define multiple quantities of an item or service and allow multiple offers to be made and accepted on such listings via an auction mechanism. The system can improve the efficiency with which buyers and sellers can quickly find each other by not allowing users to submit offers on listings with price changes that degrade the listing. The system can also improve the efficiency with which buyers and sellers complete their transaction by facilitating a peer-to-peer payment process with dispute resolution controls. | 11-08-2012 |
George H. Koester, Jacksonville, FL US
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20090002997 | LED reflector lamp - A lamp having a reflective surface, a pedestal positioned within the interior defined by the reflective surface, and one or more light emitting diodes (LED's) mounted onto one or more occluding faces on the pedestal, such that each occluding face blocks light emitted from the LED's from a portion of the reflective surface. The occluding faces are oriented parallel to or at an acute angle to the central axis of the reflective surface. | 01-01-2009 |
20090091936 | Focal point projection light signal comprising a beam concentrator - An improved focal point projection light signal device having a single point light source, a Fresnel lens, and a reflective beam concentrator having a spherical reflective surface located to the rear of the light source. The single point light source is positioned at the focal point of the Fresnel lens such that light emitted toward the Fresnel lens is refracted into a concentrated beam pattern that is projected from the front of the lens. The reflective surface of the beam concentrator is spherically concave and is positioned such that light emitted to the rear of the light bulb is reflected back through the lens focal point and out through the Fresnel lens. The overall diameter of the reflective beam concentrator is significantly smaller than the diameter of the Fresnel lens such that reflection of extraneous light sources that may produce phantom signal indications is minimized. | 04-09-2009 |
Jay Koester, Manchester, IA US
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20130081370 | Retracting Guard for a Cutter - An improved blade guard for a land clearing device such as a lawn mower or brush cutter. The land clearing device generally comprises a blade assembly having a plurality of spinning cutters covered by a housing. A guard having a closed position and an open position is pivotally combined with the front of the housing. In its closed position, the guard covers a portion of the blade assembly. In its open position a portion of the blade assembly is exposed to allow the cutters to perform land clearing operations. The guard is pivoted from its closed position to its open position using a linkage assembly which moves the guard to its open position when the front of the guard is pushed against a solid object. The guard falls back to its closed position when force is no longer present between it and the solid object. | 04-04-2013 |
John H. Koester, St. Michael, MN US
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20080260993 | Moisture drainage product having limited bearing surface, wall system incorporating such and method therefore - A moisture drainage product and a wall system utilizing such product adapted to allow drainage of moisture from a wall of a structure and a method of draining moisture from a wall structure. A sheet of material forms a plurality of ridges and grooves on opposite sides of the sheet of material. The plurality of ridges and grooves forms a moisture drainage product having a bearing surface of not more than twenty (20%) of the surface area of the product. A sheet of water permeable material is affixed to one side of the sheet of material. | 10-23-2008 |
20100043307 | Weep Screed with Weep Screed Deflector and Method of Using Same - Device, system and method for weeping and diverting moisture in a wall structure. A weep screed has an elongate screed support portion and an elongate screed angled portion laterally attached to the screed support portion and forming an acute angle with respect to the screed support portion. The weep screed has holes formed to allow the passage of water. The weep screed deflector has an elongate deflector support portion and an elongate deflector angled portion laterally attached to the deflector support portion and forming an obtuse angle with respect to the deflector support portion. The weep screed deflector is positioned with the screed support portion laterally proximate the deflector support portion and with the deflector angled portion below the screed angled portion, such that water which passes through the holes is deflected, at least in part, by the deflector angled portion. | 02-25-2010 |
20100043326 | Wall Structure with Moisture Diverter and Method of Making Same - System and method for making a wall structure which diverts moisture from an opening. The wall structure has a structural member with a horizontal opening. A moisture diverter is secured to the structural member above the opening, the moisture diverter having a first end and a second end and a length, with the diverter length greater than the horizontal opening distance and the first end positioned relatively higher than the second end. The moisture diverter is laterally positioned at least partially over the horizontal opening. The moisture diverter has a first planar portion and a second planar portion attached to the first planar portion, forming an acute angle. A moisture barrier is secured to the structural member, at least in part, within a volume defined by the first planar portion and the second planar portion. A facade member is secured to the structural member distal of the moisture barrier. | 02-25-2010 |
Kevin J. Koester, Winnebago, IL US
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20150192200 | CARRIER SHAFT SET - A carrier shaft set includes an input carrier shaft portion and a carrier shaft portion. The input carrier shaft portion has an input carrier shaft portion axis defined between a planetary gear set end and an input shaft end having an outer surface. The input carrier shaft portion includes a wedge-shaped member having an outer edge. A ratio of a length defined between the input carrier shaft portion axis and the outer edge to the outer surface is between 1.23 and 1.30. The carrier shaft portion has a carrier shaft portion axis defined between a planetary gear set end and a shaft end. The carrier shaft portion includes a shaft portion having an outer surface and a wedge-shaped member having an outer edge. A ratio of a length defined between the carrier shaft portion axis and the outer edge to the shaft portion outer surface is between 1.23 and 1.30. | 07-09-2015 |
Kurt Koester, Los Angeles, CA US
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20160082249 | THIN PROFILE COCHLEAR IMPLANTS - A thin profile impact resistant cochlear implant includes a single piece machined case having a bottom surface, wherein at least a portion of the bottom surface is concave and a single piece machined cover configured to be joined to the case, the cover comprising a convex upper surface. A method for forming thin profile cochlear implant is also provided. | 03-24-2016 |
Kurt J. Koester, Los Angeles, CA US
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20110139484 | Hermetic Electrical Feedthrough - A method for fabricating a hermetic electrical feedthrough includes engraving a circuitous groove into a surface of an electrically conductive monolithic slab so that the interior of the circuitous groove forms a pin. A dielectric material is formed in the circuitous groove. The pin is then electrically isolated from the surrounding material and provides electrical access through the hermetic feedthrough. | 06-16-2011 |
20120012374 | ELECTRICAL FEEDTHROUGH ASSEMBLY - An electrical feedthrough includes a ceramic body and a ribbon via extending through the ceramic body, an interface between the ribbon via and the ceramic body being sealed using partial transient liquid phase bonding. The ribbon via extends out of the ceramic body and makes an electrical connection with an external device. | 01-19-2012 |
20120016444 | Implantable Hermetic Feedthrough - An implantable hermetic system includes a hermetic case and a hermetic feedthrough sealed into an aperture in the case. The hermetic feedthrough includes vias which form electrically conductive paths through the hermetic feedthrough. A header that includes integral interconnection contacts is attached to the case. The vias are electrically joined to the interconnection contacts. | 01-19-2012 |
20130010992 | WATERPROOF ACOUSTIC ELEMENT ENCLOSURES AND APPARATUS INCLUDING THE SAME - A waterproof enclosure for a cochlear implant system or other hearing assistance device includes an outer housing, an inner support in the interior of the outer housing, an acoustic element supported by the inner support, and water-impermeable polymeric protective membrane sealing the interior of the outer housing against water ingress. A hearing device such as a cochlear implant sound processor, a headpiece, an earhook, or a hearing aid comprises an outer housing, an inner support in the interior of the outer housing, a microphone supported by the inner support, and a water- impermeable polymeric protective membrane sealing the interior of the outer housing against water ingress. A method for waterproofing an acoustic element comprises molding an outer support having a water-impermeable polymeric protective membrane; inserting an acoustic element into an inner support; anchoring the acoustic element to the inner support; inserting the inner support into the outer support; and anchoring the inner support to the outer support. | 01-10-2013 |
20130100595 | Electrical Feedthrough Assembly - A device includes a hermetically sealed case with electronic circuitry housed within. One surface of the hermetically sealed case includes a metallic plate and a co-fired ceramic electrical feedthrough with a number of vias. The co-fired ceramic electrical feedthrough is hermetically joined to the metallic plate and a hybrid circuit is connected to the feedthrough. | 04-25-2013 |
20130319717 | PROTECTION FOR IMPLANTED GOLD SURFACES - An implantable device includes an exterior gold surface and a thin film disposed on the exterior gold surface and forming a barrier between the exterior gold surface and an implanted environment, in which the thin film includes molecules with a head portion, the head portion attached to the exterior gold surface. | 12-05-2013 |
20130331923 | PARTICULATE TOUGHENED CERAMIC FEEDTHROUGH - A feedthrough includes a ceramic body mechanically joined about a perimeter to a hermetic case. The ceramic body includes a ceramic matrix and a ductile phase distributed through at least a portion of the ceramic matrix. The ductile phase increases the resistance of the ceramic matrix to crack propagation. A plurality of electrical conductors passes through the ceramic body. | 12-12-2013 |
20140202759 | PROTECTION FOR IMPLANTED GOLD SURFACES - An implantable device includes an exterior gold surface and a thin film disposed on the exterior gold surface and forming a barrier between the exterior gold surface and an implanted environment, in which the thin film includes molecules with a head portion, the head portion attached to the exterior gold surface. | 07-24-2014 |
20150023538 | WATERPROOF ACOUSTIC ELEMENT ENCLOSURES AND APPARATUS INCLUDING THE SAME - A waterproof enclosure for a cochlear implant system or other hearing assistance device includes an outer housing, an inner support in the interior of the outer housing, an acoustic element supported by the inner support, and water-impermeable polymeric protective membrane sealing the interior of the outer housing against water ingress. A hearing device such as a cochlear implant sound processor, a headpiece, an earhook, or a hearing aid comprises an outer housing, an inner support in the interior of the outer housing, a microphone supported by the inner support, and a water-impermeable polymeric protective membrane sealing the interior of the outer housing against water ingress. A method for waterproofing an acoustic element comprises molding an outer support having a water-impermeable polymeric protective membrane; inserting an acoustic element into an inner support; anchoring the acoustic element to the inner support; inserting the inner support into the outer support; and anchoring the inner support to the outer support. | 01-22-2015 |
20160106988 | Electrical Feedthrough Assembly - A device includes a hermetically sealed case with electronic circuitry housed within. One surface of the hermetically sealed case includes a metallic plate and a co-fired ceramic electrical feedthrough with a number of vias. The co-fired ceramic electrical feedthrough is hermetically joined to the metallic plate and a hybrid circuit is connected to the feedthrough. | 04-21-2016 |
Kurt J. Koester, Valencia, CA US
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20120035615 | Composite Stylet - A composite stylet for facilitating insertion of an implantable electrode array into either a left or right cochlea comprises a composite having a glass transition temperature between room temperature and body temperature. While relatively stiff and straight at room temperature, the composite stylet is slidably inserted into a longitudinal lumen of the electrode array. The electrode array is then inserted into the cochlea. As the composite stylet within the electrode array warms to body temperature, it becomes compliant, allowing the electrode array to assume a spiral shape. The proximal end of the composite stylet, which is not inserted into the body, retains its stiffness to aid the implanter in inserting the electrode array. | 02-09-2012 |
Ludger Lk. Koester, Aurora, IL US
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20090025453 | Apparatus and Method of Smoke Detection - An aspirated smoke detector includes an ambient air flow separation element in combination with a smoke sensing chamber. The flow separation element can be an active or a passive element. Separated ambient, carrying relative small particles can flow into the sensing chamber. Ambient carrying relatively larger particulate matter is excluded from the sensing chamber. | 01-29-2009 |
Marc Koester, Buffalo, NY US
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20090096125 | Injection molding of thermoplastic polymethylmethacrylate pellets - Injection molding of thermoplastic polymethylmethacrylate pellets and decorative crosslinked polymethylmethacrylate particles employs an injection nozzle which has a size smaller than at least a portion of the polymethacrylate particles. | 04-16-2009 |
20110143036 | PROCESS FOR PREPARING DECORATIVE SURFACE APPEARANCE IN ACRYLIC MATERIAL EMPLOYING ANISOTROPIC PARTICLES - A decorative surface appearance in an acrylic material is obtained by applying a flowable crosslinkable acrylic material containing anisotropic particles having an aspect ratio of 3 to a shrinkable support followed by crosslinking to form a solid article. | 06-16-2011 |
Michael J. Koester, Hollister, CA US
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20100174865 | DYNAMIC DATA SECURITY ERASURE - One aspect of the present invention includes an operation to efficiently erase data from a storage device with the use of a multiple-write secure erasure technique. One embodiment includes a hardware command that sends an I/O operation to the control unit to erase a set of selected tracks (“dirty tracks”) from a storage device, and replace the set of dirty tracks within the storage device with unallocated but available tracks retrieved from an available storage pool. After allocating the previously unallocated tracks to the available storage in the storage device, the operation performs the secure erasure of the dirty tracks in the background with a secure erasure algorithm. Once the secure erasure algorithm has fully erased the dirty tracks, the tracks are then added back to the available storage pool for subsequent use within the storage system. | 07-08-2010 |
20120159006 | MONITORING INPUT/OUTPUT OPERATIONS TO SPECIFIC STORAGE LOCATIONS - Provided are techniques for storing one or more storage rules for each of one or more storage locations, along with one or more actions to be taken for each storage rule that is violated, intercepting an I/O operation issued to the storage subsystem, and determining whether the I/O operation violates one or more of the storage rules. In response to determining that the I/O operation violates one or more of the storage rules, an application that issued the I/O operation is identified and each of the one or more actions associated with the one or more violated storage rules are performed. | 06-21-2012 |
20130018852 | DELETED DATA RECOVERY IN DATA STORAGE SYSTEMSAANM Barton; Leslie A.AACI San JoseAAST CAAACO USAAGP Barton; Leslie A. San Jose CA USAANM Johnson; Gavin S.AACI San JoseAAST CAAACO USAAGP Johnson; Gavin S. San Jose CA USAANM Koester; Michael J.AACI HollisterAAST CAAACO USAAGP Koester; Michael J. Hollister CA USAANM Van Noorden; Carrie J.AACI SaratogaAAST CAAACO USAAGP Van Noorden; Carrie J. Saratoga CA US - In one embodiment, a system includes a data storage device for storing one or more storage volumes, logic adapted for associating an indicator with a data set on the one or more storage volumes, wherein the indicator is in a first state indicating that the data set is accessible, logic adapted for storing the indicator associated with the data set in a data set descriptor record, wherein the record is stored in at least one mapping of the one or more storage volumes, logic adapted for receiving a request to delete the data set, logic adapted for changing the indicator to a second state indicating that the data set is inaccessible in response to the request to delete the data set, with the proviso that the data set is unchanged, logic adapted for receiving a request to restore the deleted data set, and logic adapted for restoring the indicator from the second state to the first state in response to the request to restore the deleted data set. | 01-17-2013 |
20130019071 | DYNAMICALLY MANAGING AVAILABLE DATA STORAGE WITHIN AN AUTOMATED DATA STORAGE SYSTEMAANM Lewis; Cecilia C.AACI San JoseAAST CAAACO USAAGP Lewis; Cecilia C. San Jose CA USAANM Dearing; Gerard M.AACI San JoseAAST CAAACO USAAGP Dearing; Gerard M. San Jose CA USAANM Koester; Michael J.AACI HollisterAAST CAAACO USAAGP Koester; Michael J. Hollister CA US - In one embodiment, a computer program product includes a computer readable storage medium having computer readable program code embodied therewith, the computer readable program code being configured to: assign volume(s) to either a storage group or a reserve storage pool group, designate each of the volume(s) assigned to the storage group as a storage volume, designate each of the volume(s) assigned to the reserve storage pool group as a reserve storage volume, receive policy attributes for the storage group including a storage utilization goal and a default reserve storage pool assignment, monitor a storage utilization level for the storage group, detect when the storage utilization level for the storage group falls outside of the ideal storage utilization range, and adjust an available storage amount for the storage group to bring the storage utilization level within the ideal storage utilization range. | 01-17-2013 |
20140344535 | ACCIDENTAL SHARED VOLUME ERASURE PREVENTION - Various embodiments of accidental shared volume erasure prevention include systems, methods, and/or computer program products for receiving a request to access a volume from a requesting system, determining whether the volume is associated with any system other than the requesting system, and preventing accidental erasure of the volume based on the determination. | 11-20-2014 |
20150234600 | SELECTIVE COPYING OF TRACK DATA THROUGH PEER-TO-PEER REMOTE COPY - In one embodiment, a method includes receiving a request to establish a Peer-to-Peer Remote Copy (PPRC) relationship between a primary storage system and a secondary storage system, and copying one or more data tracks of a primary storage device in the primary storage system to the secondary storage system without copying at least one other data track of the primary storage device to the secondary storage system. The one or more data tracks of the primary storage device comprise one or more data tracks of a first characteristic. Other portions of the primary storage device comprise one or more other data tracks of a second characteristic. | 08-20-2015 |
20150355860 | EXTENT-LEVEL RESERVE AND RELEASE FOR A DIRECT ACCESS STORAGE DEVICE (DASD) VOLUMES - In one embodiment, a computer program product for managing a reserve command includes a computer readable storage medium having program code embodied therewith, the program code readable and/or executable by a processor to receive, by the processor, a request to access a data set on one or more volumes of at least one direct access storage device (DASD), the request including a reserve command, and each of the one or more volumes including a consecutive set of one or more tracks of the at least one DASD, and reserve one or more extents of the at least one DASD while reserving less than a volume of the at least one DASD and not allowing any other entity than an entity which requested the reserve to access the one or more extents of the at least one DASD that have been reserved. | 12-10-2015 |
Michael John Koester, Hollister, CA US
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20110283077 | PRESERVING AN EXISTING VOLUME MAP IN RE-INITIALIZING A DATA STORAGE VOLUME - A method, system and computer-program product for re-initializing a storage volume with an previously created volume map being preserved to allow access to previously stored data sets. The invention includes creating a new volume map in an unused volume area where the new volume map has pointers to new data sets. One of the new data sets contains the previously created volume map that points to previously created data sets. Each volume map is referenced by a volume label and includes a VTOC and an optional VTOC index. The pointers in the VTOC are data set control block (DSCB) records. | 11-17-2011 |
Robert D. Koester, Mogadore, OH US
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20100309185 | LOW-POWER AND LIGHTWEIGHT HIGH-RESOLUTION DISPLAY - A low-power and lightweight display mountable on a support structure, such as an airship, includes a plurality of display modules configured in a M-row×N-column array. Each display module includes a control panel and a pair of associated display panels that are flexibly interconnected. Each of the control and display panels carries a plurality of LED pixels, which are configured to communicate with a video processing system. The processing system captures an image from an input source and processes it to form a scrambled bit stream that matches the configuration of the pixels carried by the display modules to render a complete video image. | 12-09-2010 |
Sarah Koester, Cambridge, MA US
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20090068170 | DROPLET-BASED SELECTION - The present invention generally relates to fluidic droplets, and techniques for screening or sorting such fluidic droplets. In some embodiments, the fluidic droplets may contain cells (e.g., hybridoma cells) that can secrete various species, such as antibodies, for example. In one aspect, a plurality of fluidic droplets containing cells is screened to determine proteins, antibodies, polypeptides, peptides, nucleic acids, or the like. For example, cells able to secrete species such as antibodies may be selected according to certain embodiments of the invention. Examples of such cells include, for instance, immortal cells such as hybridomas, or non-immortal cells such as B-cells. For instance, blood cells may be encapsulated within a plurality of fluidic droplets, and the cells able to produce antibodies may be determined. In some cases, expression or secretion levels may be determined using signaling entities, for example, determinable microparticles present within the fluidic droplet. Other aspects of the invention relate to kits involving such fluidic droplets, methods of promoting the making or use of such fluidic droplets, and the like. | 03-12-2009 |
Scott Koester, Austin, TX US
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20140265771 | RESOURCE-CONSERVING CABINET SYSTEM AND METHOD - A system and method for conserving resources includes a cabinet and doors of the cabinet. The doors of the cabinet each include a respective trigger device. A detector is connected to the cabinet. The detector is responsive to relational movement of any and each of the trigger devices with respect to the detector (e.g., door having the trigger device is opened is detected). A microcontroller circuit is communicatively connected to the detector. A switch is communicatively connected to the circuit. A display device is communicatively connected to the switch. The switch is selectively positioned to cause the microcontroller to control the display to indicate which, if any, doors have then been opened. The display device may include respective lights corresponding to respective doors. If a door has been opened, its corresponding light is illuminated when the switch is positioned to output the display. If a door has not been opened, its corresponding light is not illuminated. The lights indicate whether articles, such as towels and washcloths, contained behind respective doors of the cabinet have been accessed. If articles have been accessed, replacement and launder of accessed articles may be required. If articles have not been accessed as indicated by the display for unopened door, launder of the articles accessible through the door may be avoidable. | 09-18-2014 |
Sherri Koester, Cary, NC US
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20100063746 | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DETERMINING A RISK RATING PROFILE OF SPECIFIC HORTICULTURAL ASSET PLANT SPECIES, INDIVIDUAL PLANTS AND A STAND OF PLANTS - In one embodiment, the invention may provide a system and method for determining the risk factor of individual and groups of plants by identifying a plant. Various characteristics about the plant or group of plants may then be collected and uploaded into a database. Local environmental characteristics may also be uploaded to determine the likelihood that certain adverse environmental factors may affect the plant. The uploaded characteristics of the plant and environmental factors may then be compared with predefined ratings associated with each characteristic and the ratings can be used to determine if the plant or group of plants might fail. Using this information, a risk factor for the property on which the plant or group of plants are located may be determined. | 03-11-2010 |
Stephanie Eva Koester, San Francisco, CA US
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20110107321 | EDITOR FOR PROGRAM FILES - Methods and systems are disclosed for updating a candidate computer program file. An exemplary method includes loading a first and second revisions of a first computer program file, loading a first revision of a second computer program file, and generating a candidate computer program file. References are made to the first and second revisions of the first computer program file and the first revision of the second computer program file in generating the candidate computer program file. | 05-05-2011 |
Stephen Koester, Tucson, AZ US
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20130179900 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR INTERFACING WITH MULTIPLE OBJECTS USING AN OBJECT INDEPENDENT INTERFACE PROTOCOL - A method and apparatus is presented for communicating between a platform and multiple objects, where the objects comprise a set of parameters and an object-specific interface protocol, where at least one of the object-specific interface protocols differs from at least one other object-specific interface protocol. The method includes identifying the objects and creating multiple nonobject-specific data structures, where at least one of the nonobject-specific data structures can engage each parameter of each set of parameters. The method further includes transforming, using the plurality of nonobject-specific data structures created, the object-specific interface protocols into a single nonobject-specific interface protocol for communicating between the platform and the objects. | 07-11-2013 |
Stephen J. Koester, Yorktown Heights, NY US
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20110168982 | NANOWIRE PIN TUNNEL FIELD EFFECT DEVICES - A method for forming a nanowire tunnel device includes forming a nanowire suspended by a first pad region and a second pad region over a semiconductor substrate, forming a gate structure around a channel region of the nanowire, implanting a first type of ions at a first oblique angle in a first portion of the nanowire and the first pad region, and implanting a second type of ions at a second oblique angle in a second portion of the nanowire and the second pad region. | 07-14-2011 |
20120286242 | NANOWIRE PIN TUNNEL FIELD EFFECT DEVICES - A nanowire tunnel device includes a nanowire suspended above a semiconductor substrate by a first pad region and a second pad region, the nanowire having a channel portion surrounded by a gate structure disposed circumferentially around the nanowire, an n-type doped region including a first portion of the nanowire adjacent to the channel portion, and a p-type doped region including a second portion of the nanowire adjacent to the channel portion. | 11-15-2012 |
Stephen P. Koester, Portland, OR US
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20100294603 | BRAKE WITH FIELD RESPONSIVE MATERIAL - A controllable brake with a shaft having an axis of rotation and a shaft end. The controllable brake including a controllable brake rotor connected with the shaft, the rotor having a rotation plane. The controllable brake includes a controllable brake magnetic field generator located proximate the controllable brake rotor, the controllable brake magnetic field generator for generating a controllable magnetic field strength. The controllable brake includes a controllable brake rotating magnetic target integral with the shaft proximate the shaft end, and a controllable brake electronics first electronic noncontacting magnetic sensor having a first sensor plane, the first electronic noncontacting magnetic sensor mounted with the first sensor plane parallel with the controllable brake rotor rotation plane, the first electronic noncontacting magnetic sensor monitoring the rotation of the controllable brake rotating magnetic target and the controllable brake rotor and simultaneously outputting at least two rotational positions of the controllable brake rotor wherein the controllable magnetic field strength generated by the controllable brake magnetic field generator is determined by the rotational positions to control a relative motion of the controllable brake rotor. | 11-25-2010 |
20110000513 | DUAL UMBRELLA - An umbrella in accordance with an embodiment of the present application includes a canopy that is extendable into an extra wide configuration to cover two users. In accordance with one embodiment the umbrella opens to a first open position to provide coverage for one person and expands to a second open position to provide coverage for a second person. | 01-06-2011 |
Steve Koester, Minneapolis, MN US
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20110278580 | METHODOLOGY FOR FABRICATING ISOTROPICALLY SOURCE REGIONS OF CMOS TRANSISTORS - A method for fabricating recessed source regions of aggressively scaled CMOS devices. In this method a processing sequence of plasma etch, deposition, followed by plasma etch is used to controllably form recessed regions of the source in the channel of a thin body, much less than 40 nm, device to enable subsequent epitaxial growth of SiGe, SiC, or other materials, and a consequent increase in the device and ring oscillator performance. A Field Effect Transistor device is also provided, which includes: a buried oxide layer; a silicon layer above the buried oxide layer; an isotropically recessed source region; and a gate stack which includes a gate dielectric, a conductive material, and a spacer. | 11-17-2011 |
20110278672 | METHODOLOGY FOR FABRICATING ISOTROPICALLY RECESSED DRAIN REGIONS OF CMOS TRANSISTORS - A method for fabricating recessed drain regions of aggressively scaled CMOS devices. In this method a processing sequence of plasma etch, deposition, followed by plasma etch is used to controllably form recessed regions of the drain in the channel of a thin body, much less than 40 nm, device to enable subsequent epitaxial growth of SiGe, SiC, or other materials, and a consequent increase in the device and ring oscillator performance. A Field Effect Transistor device is also provided, which includes: a buried oxide layer; a silicon layer above the buried oxide layer; an isotropically recessed drain region; and a gate stack which includes a gate dielectric, a conductive material, and a spacer. | 11-17-2011 |
20110278673 | METHODOLOGY FOR FABRICATING ISOTROPICALLY RECESSED SOURCE AND DRAIN REGIONS OF CMOS TRANSISTORS - A method for fabricating recessed source and recessed drain regions of aggressively scaled CMOS devices. In this method a processing sequence of plasma etch, deposition, followed by plasma etch is used to controllably form recessed regions of the source and the drain in the channel of a thin body, much less than 40 nm, device to enable subsequent epitaxial growth of SiGe, SiC, or other materials, and a consequent increase in the device and ring oscillator performance. A Field Effect Transistor device is also provided, which includes: a buried oxide layer; a silicon layer above the buried oxide layer; an isotropically recessed source region; an isotropically recessed drain region; and a gate stack which includes a gate dielectric, a conductive material, and a spacer. | 11-17-2011 |
20120305928 | METHODOLOGY FOR FABRICATING ISOTROPICALLY RECESSED SOURCE REGIONS OF CMOS TRANSISTORS - A Field Effect Transistor (FET) device includes a gate stack formed over a channel region, a source region adjacent to the channel region, wherein a portion of a boundary between the source region and the channel region is defined along a plane defined by a sidewall of the gate stack, a drain region adjacent to the channel region, a portion of the drain region arranged below the gate stack, a native oxide layer disposed over a portion of the source region, along sidewalls of the gate stack, and over a portion of the drain region, a spacer arranged over a portion of the native oxide layer above the source region and the drain region and along the native oxide layer along the sidewalls of the gate stack. | 12-06-2012 |
20130012026 | METHODOLOGY FOR FABRICATING ISOTROPICALLY RECESSED SOURCE AND DRAIN REGIONS OF CMOS TRANSISTORS - A method for fabricating recessed source and recessed drain regions of aggressively scaled CMOS devices. In this method a processing sequence of plasma etch, deposition, followed by plasma etch is used to controllably form recessed regions of the source and the drain in the channel of a thin body, much less than 40 nm, device to enable subsequent epitaxial growth of SiGe, SiC, or other materials, and a consequent increase in the device and ring oscillator performance. A Field Effect Transistor device is also provided, which includes: a buried oxide layer; a silicon layer above the buried oxide layer; an isotropically recessed source region; an isotropically recessed drain region; and a gate stack which includes a gate dielectric, a conductive material, and a spacer. | 01-10-2013 |
20130146965 | METHODOLOGY FOR FABRICATING ISOTROPICALLY RECESSED DRAIN REGIONS OF CMOS TRANSISTORS - A method for fabricating recessed drain regions of aggressively scaled CMOS devices. In this method a processing sequence of plasma etch, deposition, followed by plasma etch is used to controllably form recessed regions of the drain in the channel of a thin body, much less than 40 nm, device to enable subsequent epitaxial growth of SiGe, SiC, or other materials, and a consequent increase in the device and ring oscillator performance. A Field Effect Transistor device is also provided, which includes: a buried oxide layer; a silicon layer above the buried oxide layer; an isotropically recessed drain region; and a gate stack which includes a gate dielectric, a conductive material, and a spacer. | 06-13-2013 |
20140231809 | METHODOLOGY FOR FABRICATING ISOTROPICALLY RECESSED SOURCE REGIONS OF CMOS TRANSISTORS - A Field Effect Transistor device includes a buried oxide layer, a silicon layer above the buried oxide layer, an isotropically recessed source region, and a gate stack comprising a gate dielectric, a conductive material, and a spacer. | 08-21-2014 |
Steven Koester, Ossining, NY US
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20080197424 | SEMICONDUCTOR STRUCTURE INCLUDING GATE ELECTRODE HAVING LATERALLY VARIABLE WORK FUNCTION - A semiconductor structure, such as a CMOS structure, includes a gate electrode that has a laterally variable work function. The gate electrode that has the laterally variable work function may be formed using an angled ion implantation method or a sequential layering method. The gate electrode that has the laterally variable work function provides enhanced electrical performance within an undoped channel field effect transistor device. | 08-21-2008 |
20090309148 | SEMICONDUCTOR STRUCTURE INCLUDING GATE ELECTRODE HAVING LATERALLY VARIABLE WORK FUNCTION - A semiconductor structure, such as a CMOS structure, includes a gate electrode that has a laterally variable work function. The gate electrode that has the laterally variable work function may be formed using an angled ion implantation method or a sequential layering method. The gate electrode that has the laterally variable work function provides enhanced electrical performance within an undoped channel field effect transistor device. | 12-17-2009 |
Steven Koester, Maple Grove, MN US
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20110220805 | FET RADIATION MONITOR - A semiconductor device includes a semiconductor substrate; a buried insulator layer disposed on the semiconductor substrate, the buried insulator layer configured to retain an amount of charge in a plurality of charge traps in response to a radiation exposure by the semiconductor device; a semiconductor layer disposed on the buried insulating layer; a second insulator layer disposed on the semiconductor layer; a gate conducting layer disposed on the second insulator layer; and one or more side contacts electrically connected to the semiconductor layer. A method for radiation monitoring, the method includes applying a backgate voltage to a radiation monitor, the radiation monitor comprising a field effect transistor (FET); exposing the radiation monitor to radiation; determining a change in a threshold voltage of the radiation monitor; and determining an amount of radiation exposure based on the change in threshold voltage. | 09-15-2011 |
Steven Koester, Yorktown Heights, NY US
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20110037175 | INTERCONNECTION BETWEEN SUBLITHOGRAPHIC-PITCHED STRUCTURES AND LITHOGRAPHIC-PITCHED STRUCTURES - An interconnection between a sublithographic-pitched structure and a lithographic pitched structure is formed. A plurality of conductive lines having a sublithographic pitch may be lithographically patterned and cut along a line at an angle less than 45 degrees from the lengthwise direction of the plurality of conductive lines. Alternately, a copolymer mixed with homopolymer may be placed into a recessed area and self-aligned to form a plurality of conductive lines having a sublithographic pitch in the constant width region and a lithographic dimension between adjacent lines at a trapezoidal region. Yet alternately, a first plurality of conductive lines with the sublithographic pitch and a second plurality of conductive lines with the lithographic pitch may be formed at the same level or at different. | 02-17-2011 |
20110169051 | Structure for Use in Fabrication of PiN Heterojunction TFET - A method for fabricating a structure for use in fabrication of a PiN heterojunction tunnel field effect transistor (TFET) includes forming an alignment trench in a silicon wafer; forming a silicon germanium (SiGe) growth trench in the silicon wafer; growing a p-type SiGe region in the SiGe growth trench; forming a first oxide layer over the alignment trench and the p-type SiGe region; forming a hydrogen implantation region in the silicon wafer, the hydrogen implantation region dividing the silicon wafer into a upper silicon region and a lower silicon region; bonding the first oxide layer to a second oxide layer located on a handle wafer, forming a bonded oxide layer comprising the first oxide layer and the second oxide layer; and separating the lower silicon region from the upper silicon region at the hydrogen implantation region. | 07-14-2011 |
20120298963 | STRUCTURE FOR USE IN FABRICATION OF PIN HETEROJUNCTION TFET - A structure for use in fabrication of a PiN heterojunction tunnel field effect transistor (TFET) includes a silicon wafer comprising an alignment trench, a p-type silicon germanium (SiGe) region, and a hydrogen implantation region underneath the p-type SiGe region and the alignment trench that divides the silicon wafer into a upper silicon region and a lower silicon region, wherein the upper silicon region comprises the alignment trench and the p-type SiGe region; and a first oxide layer located over the alignment trench and the p-type SiGe region that fills the alignment trench and is bonded to a second oxide layer located on a handle wafer; wherein the alignment trench is configured to align a wiring level of the device comprising the PiN heterojunction TFET to the p-type SiGe region. | 11-29-2012 |
Steven J. Koester, Edina, MN US
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20120118383 | Autonomous Integrated Circuit - An autonomous integrated circuit (IC) includes a solar cell formed on a bottom substrate of a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrate as a handle substrate; an insulating layer of the SOI substrate located on top of the solar cell; and a device layer formed on a top semiconductor layer of the SOI substrate located on top of the insulating layer, wherein a top contact of the device layer is electrically connected to a bottom contact of the solar cell such that the solar cell is enabled to power the device layer. | 05-17-2012 |
20140145735 | ULTRA-COMPACT, PASSIVE, VARACTOR-BASED WIRELESS SENSOR USING QUANTUM CAPACITANCE EFFECT IN GRAPHENE - An electrical device includes at least one graphene quantum capacitance varactor. In some examples, the graphene quantum capacitance varactor includes an insulator layer, a graphene layer disposed on the insulator layer, a dielectric layer disposed on the graphene layer, a gate electrode formed on the dielectric layer, and at least one contact electrode disposed on the graphene layer and making electrical contact with the graphene layer. In other examples, the graphene quantum capacitance varactor includes an insulator layer, a gate electrode recessed in the insulator layer, a dielectric layer formed on the gate electrode, a graphene layer formed on the dielectric layer, wherein the graphene layer comprises an exposed surface opposite the dielectric layer, and at least one contact electrode formed on the graphene layer and making electrical contact with the graphene layer. | 05-29-2014 |
20140183686 | AUTONOMOUS INTEGRATED CIRCUITS - An autonomous integrated circuit (IC) includes a solar cell formed on a bottom substrate of a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrate as a handle substrate; an insulating layer of the SOI substrate located on top of the solar cell; and a device layer formed on a top semiconductor layer of the SOI substrate located on top of the insulating layer, wherein a top contact of the device layer is electrically connected to a bottom contact of the solar cell such that the solar cell is enabled to power the device layer. | 07-03-2014 |
Steven J. Koester, Yorktown Heights, NY US
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20110127438 | Dosimeter Powered by Passive RF Absorption - A system for determining an amount of radiation includes a dosimeter configured to receive the amount of radiation, the dosimeter comprising a circuit having a resonant frequency, such that the resonant frequency of the circuit changes according to the amount of radiation received by the dosimeter, the dosimeter further configured to absorb RF energy at the resonant frequency of the circuit; a radio frequency (RF) transmitter configured to transmit the RF energy at the resonant frequency to the dosimeter; and a receiver configured to determine the resonant frequency of the dosimeter based on the absorbed RF energy, wherein the amount of radiation is determined based on the resonant frequency. | 06-02-2011 |
Steven John Koester, Ossining, NY US
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20090108314 | Embedded DRAM Integrated Circuits With Extremely Thin Silicon-On-Insulator Pass Transistors - Integrated circuits having combined memory and logic functions are provided. In one aspect, an integrated circuit is provided. The integrated circuit comprises: a substrate comprising a silicon layer over a BOX layer, wherein a select region of the silicon layer has a thickness of between about three nanometers and about 20 nanometers; at least one eDRAM cell comprising: at least one pass transistor having a pass transistor source region, a pass transistor drain region and a pass transistor channel region formed in the select region of the silicon layer; and a capacitor electrically connected to the pass transistor. | 04-30-2009 |
20110233634 | Embedded DRAM Integrated Circuits with Extremely Thin Silicon-On-Insulator Pass Transistors - Integrated circuits having combined memory and logic functions are provided. In one aspect, an integrated circuit is provided. The integrated circuit comprises: a substrate comprising a silicon layer over a BOX layer, wherein a select region of the silicon layer has a thickness of between about three nanometers and about 20 nanometers; at least one eDRAM cell comprising: at least one pass transistor having a pass transistor source region, a pass transistor drain region and a pass transistor channel region formed in the select region of the silicon layer; and a capacitor electrically connected to the pass transistor. | 09-29-2011 |
20120195102 | NANO-ELECTRO-MECHANICAL DRAM CELL - A DRAM cell and method for storing information in a dynamic random access memory using an electrostatic actuator beam to make an electrical connection between a storage capacitor and a bit line. | 08-02-2012 |
Wolfgang J. Koester, Paradise Valley, AZ US
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20090037249 | Forecasted Currency Exposure Management - Methods and apparatuses enable forecast currency risk management. A risk management system receives forecast or prospective transaction data denominated in a first currency. A value of forecast currency exposure is determined for the forecast data respective to a second currency. The system matches hedge data to the forecast currency exposure to determine a net prospective currency exposure, which may indicate under- or over-hedging. To compensate for the net prospective currency exposure, the system determines a hedge action. The net prospective currency exposure can then be revised based on the hedge action, and the hedge action and revised net prospective currency exposure can be reported. | 02-05-2009 |
20110082775 | Risk-Cost Analysis of Currency Exposure Reduction for Currency Exposure Management - Methods and apparatuses enable companies to analyze potential foreign currency exposure reduction actions. Value-at-risk (VaR) for currency exposures and cost of potential exposure reduction actions are used to order currency exposures representing foreign currency exposure for a company. Currency exposures associated with negative cost actions are ordered based on a ratio of VaR to cost. Currency exposure associated with positive cost actions can also be ordered, either based on VaR or cost. An output representation of the VaR versus accumulated cost is generated from the ordered currency exposures. Additionally, a graphical representation of VaR versus accumulated cost can be generated from plot points based on the ordered currency exposures. The output representation, whether a table, list, or graph, allows comparing potential exposure reduction actions. | 04-07-2011 |