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| 20100029898 | PROCESS FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF 3-HYDROXYGLUTARONITRILE - A high yield and high productivity processes for preparing 3-hydroxyglutaronitrile by reacting an epihalohydrin or a 4-halo-3-hydroxy-butanenitrile, or analogous compound containing a different leaving group, with cyanide (CN—) in the presence of water and an ionic liquid. The use of an ionic liquid as a cosolvent with water results in increased productivity and selectivity. | 02-04-2010 |
| 20100159515 | OXIDATIVE PRETREATMENT OF BIOMASS TO ENHANCE ENZYMATIC SACCHARIFICATION - Lignocellulosic biomass comprising lignin is treated by selective extraction and oxidation of lignin using a solvent solution comprising water in combination with at least one Mn(III) salt to produce readily saccharifiable carbohydrate enriched biomass. | 06-24-2010 |
| 20100159521 | OZONE TREATMENT OF BIOMASS TO ENHANCE ENZYMATIC SACCHARIFICATION - Methods for treating lignocellulosic biomass to produce readily saccharifiable carbohydrate-enriched biomass are provided. In one method, lignocellulosic biomass comprising lignin is treated with aqueous ammonia, then contacted with a gas comprising ozone at a temperature of about 0° C. to about 50° C. In another method, lignocellulosic biomass comprising lignin is contacted with a gas comprising ozone at a temperature of about 0° C. to about 50° C., then treated with aqueous ammonia. The readily saccharifiable carbohydrate-enriched biomass may be saccharified with an enzyme consortium to produce fermentable sugars. | 06-24-2010 |
| 20100159522 | ORGANOSOLV AND OZONE TREATMENT OF BIOMASS TO ENHANCE ENZYMATIC SACCHARIFICATION - Lignocellulosic biomass comprising lignin is treated with a solvent, such as organosolv, under alkaline conditions at elevated temperatures, filtered, then contacted with a gas comprising ozone to produce a readily saccharifiable biomass. | 06-24-2010 |
| 20110130540 | PROCESSES FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF 3-HYDROXYGLUTARONITRILE - There are disclosed high yield and high productivity processes for preparing 3-hydroxyglutaronitrile by reacting allyl cyanide epoxide with a basic aqueous solution of a cyanide source. | 06-02-2011 |
| 20120309931 | PROCESS FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF 3-HYDROXYGLUTARONITRILE - A high yield and high productivity processes for preparing 3-hydroxyglutaronitrile by reacting an epihalohydrin or a 4-halo-3-hydroxy-butanenitrile, or analogous compound containing a different leaving group, with cyanide (CN—) in the presence of water and an ionic liquid. The use of an ionic liquid as a cosolvent with water results in increased productivity and selectivity. | 12-06-2012 |
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| 20100260898 | Multiple Texture Food - The disclosure herein provides a process for the manufacture of a multiple texture food product. The process includes providing a dairy material, freezing the dairy material by cooling it to a temperature of −2° C. or less, aerating the frozen dairy material, shaping the aerated, frozen dairy material, and depositing the shaped, aerated, frozen dairy material on or between one or more layers of a food material which is not the aerated dairy material. The aerated dairy material has a Stevens firmness of 20 or more at a temperature in the range of from 5 to 10° C. and a water activity (a | 10-14-2010 |
| 20150132454 | MULTIPLE TEXTURE FOOD - The disclosure herein provides a process for the manufacture of a multiple texture food product. The process includes providing a dairy material, freezing the dairy material by cooling it to a temperature of −2° C. or less, aerating the frozen dairy material, shaping the aerated, frozen dairy material, and depositing the shaped, aerated, frozen dairy material on or between one or more layers of a food material which is not the aerated dairy material. The aerated dairy material has a Stevens firmness of 20 or more at a temperature in the range of from 5 to 10° C. and a water activity (a | 05-14-2015 |
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| 20110111404 | Novel genes and markers in type 2 diabetes and obesity - Genes, SNP markers and haplotypes of susceptibility or predisposition to T2D and subdiagnosis of T2D and related medical conditions are disclosed. Methods for diagnosis, prediction of clinical course and efficacy of treatments for T2D, obesity and related phenotypes using polymorphisms in the risk genes are also disclosed. The genes, gene products and agents of the invention are also useful for monitoring the effectiveness of prevention and treatment of T2D and related traits. Kits are also provided for the diagnosis, selecting treatment and assessing prognosis of T2D. Novel methods for prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases such as T2D based on the disclosed T2D genes, polypeptides and related pathways are also disclosed. | 05-12-2011 |
| 20110111405 | Novel genes and markers in type 2 diabetes and obesity - Genes, SNP markers and haplotypes of susceptibility or predisposition to T2D and subdiagnosis of T2D and related medical conditions are disclosed. Methods for diagnosis, prediction of clinical course and efficacy of treatments for T2D, obesity and related phenotypes using polymorphisms in the risk genes are also disclosed. The genes, gene products and agents of the invention are also useful for monitoring the effectiveness of prevention and treatment of T2D and related traits. Kits are also provided for the diagnosis, selecting treatment and assessing prognosis of T2D. Novel methods for prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases such as T2D based on the disclosed T2D genes, polypeptides and related pathways are also disclosed. | 05-12-2011 |
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| 20110111404 | Novel genes and markers in type 2 diabetes and obesity - Genes, SNP markers and haplotypes of susceptibility or predisposition to T2D and subdiagnosis of T2D and related medical conditions are disclosed. Methods for diagnosis, prediction of clinical course and efficacy of treatments for T2D, obesity and related phenotypes using polymorphisms in the risk genes are also disclosed. The genes, gene products and agents of the invention are also useful for monitoring the effectiveness of prevention and treatment of T2D and related traits. Kits are also provided for the diagnosis, selecting treatment and assessing prognosis of T2D. Novel methods for prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases such as T2D based on the disclosed T2D genes, polypeptides and related pathways are also disclosed. | 05-12-2011 |
| 20110111405 | Novel genes and markers in type 2 diabetes and obesity - Genes, SNP markers and haplotypes of susceptibility or predisposition to T2D and subdiagnosis of T2D and related medical conditions are disclosed. Methods for diagnosis, prediction of clinical course and efficacy of treatments for T2D, obesity and related phenotypes using polymorphisms in the risk genes are also disclosed. The genes, gene products and agents of the invention are also useful for monitoring the effectiveness of prevention and treatment of T2D and related traits. Kits are also provided for the diagnosis, selecting treatment and assessing prognosis of T2D. Novel methods for prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases such as T2D based on the disclosed T2D genes, polypeptides and related pathways are also disclosed. | 05-12-2011 |
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| 20110088770 | NANOWIRE-BASED TRANSPARENT CONDUCTORS AND APPLICATIONS THEREOF - A transparent conductor including a conductive layer coated on a substrate is described. More specifically, the conductive layer comprises a network of nanowires that may be embedded in a matrix. The conductive layer is optically clear, patternable and is suitable as a transparent electrode in visual display devices such as touch screens, liquid crystal displays, plasma display panels and the like. | 04-21-2011 |
| 20110163403 | NANOSTRUCTURE-BASED TRANSPARENT CONDUCTORS HAVING INCREASED HAZE AND DEVICES COMPRISING THE SAME - The present disclosure relates to modifications to nanostructure based transparent conductors to achieve increased haze/light-scattering with different and tunable degrees of scattering, different materials, and different microstructures and nanostructures. | 07-07-2011 |
| 20110174190 | LOW-HAZE TRANSPARENT CONDUCTORS - This disclosure is related to low-haze transparent conductors, ink compositions and method for making the same. | 07-21-2011 |
| 20110297642 | NANOWIRE-BASED TRANSPARENT CONDUCTORS AND APPLICATIONS THEREOF - A transparent conductor including a conductive layer coated on a substrate is described. More specifically, the conductive layer comprises a network of nanowires that may be embedded in a matrix. The conductive layer is optically clear, patternable and is suitable as a transparent electrode in visual display devices such as touch screens, liquid crystal displays, plasma display panels and the like. | 12-08-2011 |
| 20130291683 | LOW-HAZE TRANSPARENT CONDUCTORS - This disclosure is related to low-haze transparent conductors, ink compositions and method for making the same. | 11-07-2013 |
| 20130298732 | METHODS FOR CONTROLLING METAL NANOSTRUCTURES MORPHOLOGY - Described herein are methods of controlling metal nanowire morphologies by adjusting the reaction conditions of a polyol synthesis. In particular, by purging the reaction with an inert gas, batch-to-batch consistency can be achieved. | 11-14-2013 |
| 20140338735 | NANOWIRE-BASED TRANSPARENT CONDUCTORS AND APPLICATIONS THEREOF - A transparent conductor including a conductive layer coated on a substrate is described. More specifically, the conductive layer comprises a network of nanowires that may be embedded in a matrix. The conductive layer is optically clear, patternable and is suitable as a transparent electrode in visual display devices such as touch screens, liquid crystal displays, plasma display panels and the like. | 11-20-2014 |
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| 20100075248 | BOTTOM ANTIREFLECTIVE COATINGS EXHIBITING ENHANCED WET STRIP RATES, BOTTOM ANTIREFLECTIVE COATING COMPOSITIONS FOR FORMING BOTTOM ANTIREFLECTIVE COATINGS, AND METHODS FOR FABRICATING THE SAME - Bottom antireflective coating (BARC) that exhibit enhanced wet strip rates, BARC compositions for fabricating such BARCs, and methods for manufacturing such BARC compositions are provided. According to one exemplary embodiment, a bottom antireflective coating (BARC) composition comprises an inorganic-based compound, an absorbing material, and a wet strip-rate modifier combination. The wet strip-rate modifier composition comprises a combination of a short chain linear alcohol and dipropylene glycol (DPG), a combination of the short chain linear alcohol and tetraethylene glycol (TEG), a combination of DPG and TEG, or a combination of the short chain linear alcohol, DPG, and TEG. | 03-25-2010 |
| 20100243295 | NANOWIRE-BASED TRANSPARENT CONDUCTORS AND APPLICATIONS THEREOF - A transparent conductor including a conductive layer coated on a substrate is described. More specifically, the conductive layer comprises a network of nanowires that may be embedded in a matrix. The conductive layer is optically clear, patternable and is suitable as a transparent electrode in visual display devices such as touch screens, liquid crystal displays, plasma display panels and the like. | 09-30-2010 |
| 20100307792 | RELIABLE AND DURABLE CONDUCTIVE FILMS COMPRISING METAL NANOSTRUCTURES - Reliable and durable conductive films formed of conductive nanostructures are described. The conductive films show substantially constant sheet resistance following prolonged and intense light exposure. | 12-09-2010 |
| 20110048170 | METHODS FOR CONTROLLING METAL NANOSTRUCTURES MORPHOLOGY - Described herein are methods of controlling metal nanowire morphologies by adjusting the reaction conditions of a polyol synthesis. In particular, by purging the reaction with an inert gas, batch-to-batch consistency can be achieved. | 03-03-2011 |
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| 20090045317 | OPTICAL CAVITY EMITTER ARRANGEMENTS WITH SPECTRAL ALIGNMENT AND METHODS THEREFOR - Aspects of the disclosure are directed to optical microcavities and emitters that are spectrally aligned in an arrangement having an array of such microcavity-emitter combinations. The spectral alignment can be selective, in that a portion of the array of microcavity-emitter combinations, or a single microcavity-emitter combination, can be individually spectrally aligned. In specific examples, light is coupled within a semiconductor device having wavelength-dependent structures and optical cavities optically couple to the wavelength-dependent structures. One of the optical cavities and a wavelength-dependent structure are spectrally aligned, independent of another of the optical cavities. | 02-19-2009 |
| 20100119193 | Ultrafast and ultralow threshold single emitter optical switch - Electrical control of the emitter of a coupled quantum emitter-resonant cavity structure is provided. Electrodes are disposed near a semiconductor quantum dot coupled to a semiconductor optical cavity such that varying an applied bias at the electrodes alters an electric field at the quantum dot. Optical input and output ports are coupled to the cavity, and an optical response of the device relates light emitted from the output port to light provided to the input port. Altering the applied bias at the electrodes is capable of altering the optical response. Preferably, the closest electrode to the cavity is disposed between or away from angular lobes of the cavity mode, to reduce loss caused by the proximity of electrode to cavity. The present approach is applicable to both waveguide-coupled devices and non-waveguide devices. | 05-13-2010 |
| 20100135612 | Optical switching based on dipole induced transparency - A normally opaque waveguide interacting with a drop-filter cavity can be switched to a transparent state when the drop filter is also coupled to a dipole. This dipole induced transparency may be obtained even when the vacuum Rabi frequency of the dipole is much less than the cavity decay rate. The condition for transparency is a large Purcell factor. Dipole induced transparency can be used in quantum repeaters for long distance quantum communication. | 06-03-2010 |
| 20110248242 | Practical electrically pumped photonic crystal nanocavity - Electrical pumping of photonic crystal (PC) nanocavities using a lateral p-i-n junction is described. Ion implantation doping can be used to form the junction, which under forward bias pumps a gallium arsenide photonic crystal nanocavity with indium arsenide quantum dots. Efficient cavity-coupled electroluminescence is demonstrated in a first experimental device. Electrically pumped lasing is demonstrated in a second experimental device. This approach provides several significant advantages. Ease of fabrication is improved because difficult timed etch steps are not required. Any kind of PC design can be employed. Current flow can be lithographically controlled to focus current flow to the active region of the device, thereby improving efficiency, reducing resistance, improving speed, and reducing threshold. Insulating substrates can be employed, which facilitates inclusion of these devices in photonic integrated circuits. | 10-13-2011 |
| 20130039616 | Optical Fibers Functionalized with Photonic Crystal Resonant Optical Structures - A photonic crystal (PC) device including one or more resonant optical structures defined by the photonic crystal structure is affixed to the end face of an optical fiber. The PC device is fabricated on a separate substrate, and then affixed to the fiber end face. This transfer can be facilitated by device templates which are laterally supported by tabs after an undercut etch. The tabs can be designed to break during transfer to the fiber, thereby facilitating transfer. Registration marks and/or the use of device templates having the same diameter as the fiber can be used to provide lateral alignment of the fiber to the resonant optical structures. Such alignment may be needed to provide optical coupling between the fiber and the resonant optical structures. | 02-14-2013 |
| 20130092897 | Ultrafast photonic crystal cavity single-mode light-emitting diode - Electrical pumping of photonic crystal (PC) nanocavities using a lateral p-i-n junction is described. Ion implantation doping can be used to form the junction, which under forward bias pumps a gallium arsenide photonic crystal nanocavity with indium arsenide quantum dots. Efficient cavity-coupled electroluminescence is demonstrated in a first experimental device. Electrically pumped lasing is demonstrated in a second experimental device. High speed modulation of a single mode LED is demonstrated in a third experimental device. This approach provides several significant advantages. Ease of fabrication is improved because difficult timed etch steps are not required. Any kind of PC design can be employed. Current flow can be lithographically controlled to focus current flow to the active region of the device, thereby improving efficiency, reducing resistance, improving speed, and reducing threshold. Insulating substrates can be employed, which facilitates inclusion of these devices in photonic integrated circuits. | 04-18-2013 |
| 20130294722 | Practical multiply resonant photonic crystal nanocavity - Intersecting photonic crystal structures provide overlapping cavity modes that can have widely separated resonant frequencies. These photonic crystal structures can be either 1-D photonic crystal structures or 2-D photonic crystal structures. If a material having the zincblende crystal structure is employed (e.g., GaAs), it is preferred for the crystal orientation to be (110) or (111), because these orientations can provide three wave mixing for three TE-like modes. | 11-07-2013 |
| 20140170695 | Biological cell nanocavity probes - An optical fiber is combined with a photonic crystal structure (PCS) that is optically coupled to the optical fiber. The fiber has an exposed fiber surface, and the PCS is affixed to the optical fiber and disposed on or in proximity to the exposed fiber surface. The PCS includes an elongate probe member configured for biological probing. The elongate probe member includes an optical resonant cavity. In an experiment, this was accomplished using an optical fiber tip with a semiconductor template attached to its side face. The semiconductor structure had a thin, needle-like tip (including a nanobeam cavity) which can be suitably inserted inside (or broken off inside) a biological cell without causing cytotoxicity. | 06-19-2014 |
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| 20100151571 | CENTIMETER-SCALE, INTEGRATED DIAGNOSTICS INCUBATOR FOR BIOLOGICAL CULTURING - Disclosed are portable, disposable, centimeter-scale, integrated diagnostics incubators for use in biological culturing. An exemplary incubator comprises an optically accessible enclosure having a plurality of fluidic ports. A heating element is disposed within the enclosure that is coupled to an external heater controller. An autoclavable microfluidic perfusion chamber is disposed within the enclosure that comprises a cell culture life support chamber, an inlet port disposed in the perfusion chamber, a collection chamber in communication with the culture chamber, an outlet port coupled to the collection pool, and a perfusing substrate. An optically transparent, gas permeable membrane is attachable to the top of the perfusion chamber. The incubators have optical accessibility, forced flow fluidic control, temperature control, are portable and modular, and are inexpensively manufactured. The incubators permit in-the-field drug testing and culturing of biological tissues. | 06-17-2010 |
| 20140051168 | THREE DIMENSIONAL CELL CULTURE COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS OF USE - Described herein is a three-dimensional cell culture scaffold composition comprising an absorbent rigid (AR) component, and in some embodiments, further comprises a gel component. The absorbent rigid component preferably comprises a glass fiber material. It is a surprising finding of the present invention that an AR component having a void volume of between approximately 70% and 95% results in a three-dimensional cell culture composition that allows for robust, high-throughput screening and high-content screening accessible tissue models with preserved cell morphology, heterogeneity of cell types and cell populations, extracellular matrix constituents, functional cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions and signaling with sufficient specificities to tissue physiology and pathology. | 02-20-2014 |
| 20140106452 | Intra-Culture Perfusion Methods and Applications Thereof - Disclosed are intra-culture perfusion methods applied to standard cell culture disposables using three-dimensional cell culture scaffold and synthetic vasculature compositions in high-throughput screening and high-content screening applications, and assay development. | 04-17-2014 |
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| 20130030963 | MANAGING CONSISTENT INTERFACES FOR FINANCIAL BUSINESS OBJECTS ACROSS HETEROGENEOUS SYSTEMS - A business object model, which reflects data that is used during a given business transaction, is utilized to generate interfaces. This business object model facilitates commercial transactions by providing consistent interfaces that are suitable for use across industries, across businesses, and across different departments within a business during a business transaction. In some operations, software creates, updates, or otherwise processes information related to a financial plan, a financials notification, a bank directory entry file and/or a direct debit mandate business object. | 01-31-2013 |
| 20150046309 | COMMODITY CURVES BASED ON DERIVATIVE CONTRACT SPECIFICATIONS - A system receives a commodity identification, a curve type, and a curve category. The system also receives an interpolation identification, an extrapolation identification, a read procedure, and a maximum number of days for a readback. The system further receives contract data, the contract data including a market identifier code, a derivative contract specification (DCS) identification, and a price type. The system uses the contract data to generate a commodity curve based on DCS, and displays the commodity curve based on DCS on an electronic display unit. | 02-12-2015 |
| 20150073964 | MARKET DATA HANDLING BASED ON DERIVATIVE CONTRACT SPECIFICATIONS - In an example embodiment a market data management system allows users to track information regarding commodities. A representative market data management system comprises physical commodity objects including a plurality of fields that describe a real world commodity, market identifier objects including market identifier codes, and contract specification objects including a plurality of fields that describe a derivative contract specification for a particular commodity traded at a particular commodity market. In the data model, a one to many relationship may exist for a physical commodity object and contract specification objects (e.g., a given commodity may be traded according to different derivative contract specifications). The data model may also allow a many to many relationship between contract specification objects and market identifier objects (e.g., a given market may have multiple derivative contract specifications and/or a given derivative contract specification may have the same terms at different markets). | 03-12-2015 |
