Patent application number | Description | Published |
20110244532 | PRODUCTION OF BRANCHED CHAIN FATTY ACIDS AND DERIVATIVES THEREOF IN RECOMBINANT MICROBIAL CELLS - Recombinant microbial cells are provided which have been engineered to produce branched chain products such as branched fatty acid derivatives by the fatty acid biosynthetic pathway, and methods of making branched fatty acid derivatives using the recombinant microbial cells. | 10-06-2011 |
20130035513 | METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS FOR ENHANCED PRODUCTION OF FATTY ALDEHYDES AND FATTY ALCOHOLS - The invention relates to the use of EntD polypeptides, polynucleotides encoding the same, and homologues thereof to enhance the production of fatty aldehydes and fatty alcohols in a host cell. | 02-07-2013 |
20140179940 | METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS FOR IMPROVED PRODUCTION OF FATTY ACIDS AND DERIVATIVES THEREOF - The invention relates to compositions and methods, including polynucleotide sequences, amino acid sequences, and engineered host cells for producing fatty acids and derivates of fatty acids such as acyl-CoA, terminal olefins, fatty aldehydes, fatty alcohols, alkanes, alkenes, wax esters, ketones and internal olefins through altered expression of the transcription factor, fadR. | 06-26-2014 |
20150064757 | NOVEL CAR ENZYMES AND IMPROVED PRODUCTION OF FATTY ALCOHOLS - The disclosure relates to variant carboxylic acid reductase (CAR) enzymes for the improved production of fatty alcohols in recombinant host cells. | 03-05-2015 |
20150064782 | PRODUCTION OF FATTY ACID DERIVATIVES - The invention relates to compositions and methods, including polynucleotide sequences, amino acid sequences, recombinant host cells and recombinant host cell cultures engineered to produce fatty acid derivative compositions comprising fatty acids, fatty alcohols, fatty aldehydes, fatty esters, alkanes, terminal olefins, internal olefins or ketones. The fatty acid derivative composition is produced extracellularly with a higher titer, yield or productivity than the corresponding wild type or non-engineered host cell. | 03-05-2015 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20090110687 | COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS RELATED TO TIM 3, A TH1-SPECIFIC CELL SURFACE MOLECULE - The present invention provides compositions and methods useful for promoting or reducing T-cell trafficking to a target tissue. Also provided are compositions and methods useful for promoting or inhibiting antigen-presenting cell (APC) activation. The invention is related to discovery of functional characteristics of TIM-3, a molecule that is preferentially expressed on the surface of Th1 cells. The methods are useful for treating disorders including cancer, infectious disease, allergy, asthma, and autoimmune disease. | 04-30-2009 |
20110110936 | ANTI-GCC ANTIBODY MOLECULES AND RELATED COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS - Antibodies and antigen-binding fragments of antibodies that bind GCC are disclosed. The antibodies bind an extracellular domain of GCC and can be internalized. In some embodiments, the antibodies are humanized, chimeric or human. Nucleic acids and vectors encoding the antibodies or portions thereof, recombinant cells that contain the nucleic acids, and compositions comprising the antibodies or antigen-binding fragments are also disclosed. The invention also provides therapeutic and diagnostic methods utilizing the antibodies and antigen-binding fragments provided herein. | 05-12-2011 |
20120315286 | COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS RELATED TO TIM 3, A TH1-SPECIFIC CELL SURFACE MOLECULE - The present invention provides compositions and methods useful for promoting or reducing T-cell trafficking to a target tissue. Also provided are compositions and methods useful for promoting or inhibiting antigen-presenting cell (APC) activation. The invention is related to discovery of functional characteristics of TIM-3, a molecule that is preferentially expressed on the surface of Th1 cells. The methods are useful for treating disorders including cancer, infectious disease, allergy, asthma, and autoimmune disease. | 12-13-2012 |
20140242094 | METHODS RELATED TO TIM 3, A TH1-SPECIFIC CELL SURFACE MOLECULE, FOR ACTIVATING ANTIGEN PRESENTING CELLS - The present invention provides compositions and methods useful for promoting or reducing T-cell trafficking to a target tissue. Also provided are compositions and methods useful for promoting or inhibiting antigen-presenting cell (APC) activation. The invention is related to discovery of functional characteristics of TIM-3, a molecule that is preferentially expressed on the surface of Th1 cells. The methods are useful for treating disorders including cancer, infectious disease, allergy, asthma, and autoimmune disease. | 08-28-2014 |
20140322233 | ANTI-GCC ANTIBODY MOLECULES AND RELATED COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS - Antibodies and antigen-binding fragments of antibodies that bind GCC are disclosed. The antibodies bind an extracellular domain of GCC and can be internalized. In some embodiments, the antibodies are humanized, chimeric or human. Nucleic acids and vectors encoding the antibodies or portions thereof, recombinant cells that contain the nucleic acids, and compositions comprising the antibodies or antigen-binding fragments are also disclosed. The invention also provides therapeutic and diagnostic methods utilizing the antibodies and antigen-binding fragments provided herein. | 10-30-2014 |
20150044229 | METHODS RELATED TO TIM 3, A TH1-SPECIFIC CELL SURFACE MOLECULE, FOR ACTIVATING ANTIGEN PRESENTING CELLS - The present invention provides compositions and methods useful for promoting or reducing T-cell trafficking to a target tissue. Also provided are compositions and methods useful for promoting or inhibiting antigen-presenting cell (APC) activation. The invention is related to discovery of functional characteristics of TIM-3, a molecule that is preferentially expressed on the surface of Th1 cells. The methods are useful for treating disorders including cancer, infectious disease, allergy, asthma, and autoimmune disease. | 02-12-2015 |
20150044230 | METHODS RELATED TO TIM 3, A TH1-SPECIFIC CELL SURFACE MOLECULE, FOR ACTIVATING ANTIGEN PRESENTING CELLS - The present invention provides compositions and methods useful for promoting or reducing T-cell trafficking to a target tissue. Also provided are compositions and methods useful for promoting or inhibiting antigen-presenting cell (APC) activation. The invention is related to discovery of functional characteristics of TIM-3, a molecule that is preferentially expressed on the surface of Th1 cells. The methods are useful for treating disorders including cancer, infectious disease, allergy, asthma, and autoimmune disease. | 02-12-2015 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20100185599 | EXPOSING RICH INTERNET APPLICATION CONTENT TO SEARCH ENGINES - Systems and methods which facilitate search engine discovery of and/or access to application program content are shown. Declarative code may be provided within the procedural code of a rich Internet application in order to identify various states, and their associated content, of the rich Internet application. A Web crawler may identify content associated with a rich Internet application using the foregoing information. Likewise, direct access to rich Internet application states associated with the identified content may be provided using the foregoing information. A translation module may be provided for interfacing between a Web crawler and a rich Internet application. Such a translation module may interact with the Web crawler to respond to Web crawler navigation instructions and access declarative code associated with different states of the rich Internet application, providing responsive information identifying content in a structure that is compatible with a search engine associated with the Web crawler. | 07-22-2010 |
20140026086 | Methods and Systems for Cross-Platform Computing Applications Featuring Adaptable User Interfaces - Methods, systems, and computer-program products are disclosed. A cross-platform application can access a platform identifier indicating a characteristic of a computing system in response to beginning execution of the application. User interfaces can be provided interface based at least in part on the platform identifier and an interaction model, with the interaction model used to define the layout and content of the interface. The model can be separate from the program component that provides the user interface, and so the application can customize at least some aspects of its output for different platforms based on the platform identifier. Embodiments also include the use of screen-based application navigation. | 01-23-2014 |
20140250420 | SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR MANAGING INSTANTIATION OF INTERFACE OBJECTS - A system and method are described for managing instantiation of interface elements in a rich Internet application (RIA) that includes systematically creating a tree of descriptive nodes that describe the visual interface elements of the application. Only interface elements that are not stacked under other objects or not fully hidden on the screen are instantiated using the corresponding descriptive nodes. Detail objects corresponding to the descriptive nodes are then constructed and used by a rendering engine to render the visual interface elements of the declarative application. As the user moves to locations within the application that are stacked under other objects or are hidden, the descriptive nodes and detailed objects are created representing the interface elements of those locations for rendering by the rendering engine. | 09-04-2014 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20080256494 | TOUCHLESS HAND GESTURE DEVICE CONTROLLER - A simple user interface for touchless control of electrically operated equipment. Unlike other systems which depend on distance to the sensor or sensor selection this system depends on hand and or finger motions, a hand wave in a certain direction, or a flick of the hand in one area, or holding the hand in one area or pointing with one finger for example. The device is based on optical pattern recognition using a solid state optical matrix sensor with a lens to detect hand motions. This sensor is then connected to a digital image processor, which interprets the patterns of motion and outputs the results as signals to control fixtures, appliances, machinery, or any device controllable through electrical signals. | 10-16-2008 |
20120263553 | WEDGE ANCHOR HAVING FEMALE THREADS AND TIGHTENING NUT - The present invention relates to a captive wedge acting fastening device with a female thread and method for inserting said device into a hole in masonry, concrete, stone, or other aggregate materials while it is attached to a fastener or hanger without rotating said hanger or fastener. | 10-18-2012 |
20130126681 | Threaded brackets for hanger rod - A mounting member for a ceiling or beam utilizes a barrel nut for connection with a hanger rod of a pipe hanging support. A technique of creating a riveted joint with a keyed hole to join the barrel nut and then deforming that portion of the rivet into the key way to provide secure fixation of the nut in the member to prevent rotation of the nut when the hanger rod is turned. | 05-23-2013 |
20130206927 | Threaded flange plate for hanger rod - A mounting assembly utilizing a shaped plate for connection to a threaded rod. A method of creating cuts to clamp about a second internally threaded plate and then deforming those cuts to provide secure fixation of the threaded plate in the first member to permanently hold and prevent movement of the internally threaded plate forming an assembly. The shaped plate having holes within it for mounting the assembly on a flat surface using suitable fasteners. | 08-15-2013 |
20130214098 | TOP BEAM CLAMP - A pipe hanger clamp, formed by bending a flat section of metal bar or plate, has two vertical side members which have been cut so their side view is a “C” shape. The lower arms of these two side members are joined by a horizontally extended end wall, about which the side members are bent. Holes in the end wall receive a mounting set screw into a captured nut and another nut to hold a pipe hanger rod for supporting a pipe. An overhead support is clamped between the set screw and the upper arms of the C-shaped side members, such that the load applied to the rod is generally edgewise to the plate thickness, and does not provide an unbending force on the clamp. | 08-22-2013 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20090047692 | OPTICALLY-DETECTABLE ENZYME SUBSTRATES AND THEIR METHOD OF USE - The present invention relates to compounds that are substrates for an enzyme, and upon reaction with the enzyme provide a detectable response, such as an optically detectable response. In particular, the compounds have utility in detecting the presence of a β-lactamase in a sample. In addition to the compounds, methods are disclosed for analyzing a sample for the presence of a β-lactmase, for example, as an indicator of expression of a nucleic acid sequence including a sequence coding for a β-lactmase. Kits are disclosed that include the disclosed compounds and additional components, for example, cells, antibodies, a β-lactmase or instructions for using the components in an assay. | 02-19-2009 |
20120040380 | OPTICALLY-DETECTABLE ENZYME SUBSTRATES AND THEIR METHOD OF USE - The present invention relates to compounds that are substrates for an enzyme, and upon reaction with the enzyme provide a detectable response, such as an optically detectable response. In particular, the compounds have utility in detecting the presence of a β-lactamase in a sample. In addition to the compounds, methods are disclosed for analyzing a sample for the presence of a β-lactmase, for example, as an indicator of expression of a nucleic acid sequence including a sequence coding for a β-lactmase. Kits are disclosed that include the disclosed compounds and additional components, for example, cells, antibodies, a β-lactmase or instructions for using the components in an assay. | 02-16-2012 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20090187921 | METHOD FOR PROVIDING STAND-IN OBJECTS - A method for providing stand-in objects, where relationships among objects are automatically resolved in an object oriented relational database model without the necessity of retrieving data from the database until it is needed. A “fault” class is defined, as well as fault objects whose data haven t yet been fetched from the database. An object that's created for the destination of a relationship whenever an object that includes the relationship is fetched from the database. When an object is fetched that has relationships, fault objects are created to “stand-in” for the destination objects of those relationships. Fault objects transform themselves into the actual enterprise objects—and fetch their data—the first time they're accessed. Subsequently, messages sent to the target objects are responded to by the objects themselves. | 07-23-2009 |
20110246536 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAPPING OBJECTS TO MULTIPLE TABLES OF A DATABASE - The present invention creates a model that maps object classes in an object-oriented environment to a data source. The model maps the relationship between properties of each object class and data of the data source. The present invention can be used with a data source such as a relational database, user interface, file system, or object-oriented database. An application's object classes and data source schema are designed independent of the other since the model can be used to map one to the other. The model is comprised of entities and attributes. An entity maps to an object class and to at least one table of the DBMS. An entity contains attributes either simple or derived. A simple attribute maps to a DBMS column. A derived attribute is a combination of other attributes and does not directly map to a DBMS column. A relationship creates a link between entities of the model. A relationship can be used to flatten an attribute or flatten a relationship. A flattened attribute is an attribute of one entity that is added to another entity. A flattened relationship is created by the elimination of intermediate relationships between two entities. Relationships can be either unidirectional or bi-directional. A unidirectional relationship has a single traversal path that has a source entity and a destination. A bi-directional relationship has two traversal paths. A reflexive relationship can be created using a single entity. The model is used to synchronize object properties and the data of the data source. | 10-06-2011 |
20120246664 | METHOD FOR PROVIDING STAND-IN OBJECTS - A method for providing stand-in objects, where relationships among objects are automatically resolved in an object oriented relational database model without the necessity of retrieving data from the database until it is needed. A “fault” class is defined, as well as fault objects whose data haven't yet been fetched from the database. An object that's created for the destination of a relationship whenever an object that includes the relationship is fetched from the database. When an object is fetched that has relationships, fault objects are created to “stand-in” for the destination objects of those relationships. Fault objects transform themselves into the actual enterprise objects—and fetch their data—the first time they're accessed. Subsequently, messages sent to the target objects are responded to by the objects themselves. | 09-27-2012 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20110167440 | Enhanced Subscriber Authentication Using Location Tracking - Tracking and analysis of the location of user and device access to telecommunications services may be used to validate that a given user or device is part of an authorized subscriber household and is therefore properly accessing those services in accordance with the terms of service. A service provider may determine, based on previously collected data and user information collected while a user accesses a service, whether the user's pattern of access establishes a required pattern of access determined by the service provider, such as access on a minimum periodic basis from the home of an authorized subscriber. | 07-07-2011 |
20110276880 | Aggregating Time-Delayed Sessions In A Video Delivery System - In a video network context, video sessions can be aggregated and delivered to users, and smart replay can be provided responsive to user commands. Various and different commands are received from users at different times. Video sessions (e.g., program streams) are identified and/or created based on the commands. Video sessions are multicasted to the users. Joining multiple users to a video session reduces a need to create multiple identical or similar individual sessions, thereby increasing session capacity. Delivering a video session to users likely to be seeking a particular moment of interest in a video, based on an increased tolerance of received user commands, increases the user experience by delivering the moment of interest directly, without requiring multiple commands from users attempting to navigate towards the moment of interest. | 11-10-2011 |
20110293252 | Automatic Playback Overshoot Control System and Method - An automatic overshoot control system and method can enable a user to more easily terminate a trick mode (e.g., fast forward or rewind) at an intended point in program material. For example, after a trick mode, a user can initiate display of audio or video at a particular intended point in the program material while minimizing a need to manually adjust. The system determines an offset and tracks a preview position within the program material displayed as a trick mode preview incorporating the offset. The system also tracks an actual position within the program material based on the preview position and offset. The actual position corresponds to a predicted location that the user desires upon terminating the preview trick mode. When the preview trick mode is terminated, normal playback of the program material is resumed at the actual location corresponding to the user's intended location in the program material. | 12-01-2011 |
20110302617 | ON-DEMAND SESSION INITIATION AND MANAGEMENT - Methods and systems to provide and manage on-demand sessions are described herein. A request is received from a client to start an on-demand session. It is determined if there are sufficient resources to start the on-demand session for the client. The request is inserted into a queue if there aren't sufficient resources to start the on-demand session for the client. The on-demand sessions is started when there are sufficient resources available and it is the client's turn in the queue. | 12-08-2011 |
20120088476 | Proximity-Enhanced Reconfiguration of Telephone Ring List - Proximity of a user/device to a designated location or other user/device can be determined and used to trigger automatic reconfiguration of a telephone ring list associated with the user/device. Accordingly, there is no need for manual reconfiguration to accommodate changes in the user's location or schedule. Specific phone numbers may be added or removed from a user's ring list based on proximity information, and the ring list may be reconfigured as the user arrives at or departs from a designated location. The user's desired phones will automatically ring for incoming calls based on the ring list and/or an identification of the incoming call. | 04-12-2012 |
20120229588 | Virtual Communal Television Viewing - A social networking system enables cable television viewers to watch television programs as a virtual group, each watching within his/her own home, while simultaneously communicating with one another, for example, via voice and/or video chat. The system enables a viewer to find friends, or other like-minded viewers not acquainted with the viewer, for virtual communal viewing parties. The system can enable participants in a viewing party to synchronize viewing sessions enabling each participant to share in a common viewing experience. The system can also enable a system operator to recognize communal viewing groups and enable more effective advertisement targeting. | 09-13-2012 |
20120254910 | SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR REAL TIME MEDIA CONSUMPTION FEEDBACK - Systems and methods for providing users with a real time or near-real time indications of media channels or programs that are currently receiving the most usage or consumption within a defined population of users are disclosed. In an embodiment, a method receives media usage data for currently airing media while the media is being aired and creates an ordered list of media channels or programs for presentation, based at least in part on the media usage data. The method then presents the ordered list of media channels or programs while the media is being aired. In an embodiment, a system further provides the ability to easily select and tune one of the indicated channels or programs in an interactive interface. In an embodiment, the selected media channels or programs are sold on demand or as part of a service upgrade if they are not included in a user's current subscription. | 10-04-2012 |
20120324489 | Flexible Video-on-Demand Viewing Period - A flexible video-on-demand viewing period is varied depending on whether the customer has completed viewing the entire program, allowing the viewing period to be extended if the customer has not completed viewing the entire program. The approach better assures the customer that they will have the opportunity to complete viewing the entire program, compared to a fixed rental period, while assuring program copyright owners that the utility of the rental is limited, fundamentally as intended, preserving the future value of the asset. The approach also enables viewers to retain bookmarks as needed for content that is not naturally tied to a rental period, such as subscription video-on-demand, without unnecessarily enlarging their list of active rentals. | 12-20-2012 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20100021905 | COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS OF SELECTIVE NUCLEIC ACID ISOLATION - The invention relates to methods for isolating and/or identifying nucleic acids. The invention also provides kits for isolating and/or identifying nucleic acids. | 01-28-2010 |
20100240547 | METHODS FOR SELECTING PROTEIN BINDING MOIETIES - Methods, compositions, and apparatuses for the identification of binding moieties that bind to targets are provided. Vectors encoding potential binding moieties are also provided. In certain embodiments, methods are provided for the presentation of potential binding moieties by cells, the selection of binding moieties that bind targets, and the amplification of the nucleic acids encoding the binding moieties. | 09-23-2010 |
20130090470 | OPTICALLY-DETECTABLE ENZYME SUBSTRATES AND THEIR METHOD OF USE - The present invention relates to compounds that are substrates for an enzyme, and upon reaction with the enzyme provide a detectable response, such as an optically detectable response. In particular, the compounds have utility in detecting the presence of a β-lactamase in a sample. In addition to the compounds, methods are disclosed for analyzing a sample for the presence of a β-lactmase, for example, as an indicator of expression of a nucleic acid sequence including a sequence coding for a β-lactmase. Kits are disclosed that include the disclosed compounds and additional components, for example, cells, antibodies, a β-lactmase or instructions for using the components in an assay. | 04-11-2013 |
20130210028 | Biological Assays Using Microparticles - Encoded microparticles described are useful in the study of many different biological agents in multiplex assays. For instance, the encoded microparticles may be employed in various co-precipitation assays to purify and/or isolate various analytes of interest. Encoded microparticles may also be used as real-time detectors in many different situations whereby binding of a secreted analyte or contaminating analyte may be detected using various labeling techniques. Further, encoded microparticles may be attached in a specific manner to particular cell types, for instance in a heterogeneous mixture of cells, either fixed in tissue or circulating, to allow identification, localization and/or sorting of the cells in the context of various biological events under various environments or conditions. | 08-15-2013 |
20140193841 | FLUOROGENIC SEMICONDUCTOR NANOCRYSTALS - Fluorogenic semiconductor nanocrystals and compositions thereof are provided herein, including kits, assay systems and methods for their preparation and use. | 07-10-2014 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20120191912 | STORING DATA ON STORAGE NODES - Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for storing data on storage nodes. In one aspect, a method includes receiving a file to be stored across a plurality of storage nodes each including a cache. The is stored by storing portions of the file each on a different storage node. A first portion is written to a first storage node's cache until determining that the first storage node's cache is full. A different second storage node is selected in response to determining that the first storage node's cache is full. For each portion of the file, a location of the portion is recorded, the location indicating at least a storage node storing the portion. | 07-26-2012 |
20140281233 | STORING DATA ACROSS A PLURALITY OF STORAGE NODES - Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for storing data on storage nodes. In one aspect, a method includes receiving a file to be stored across a plurality of storage nodes each including a cache. The is stored by storing portions of the file each on a different storage node. A first portion is written to a first storage node's cache until determining that the first storage node's cache is full. A different second storage node is selected in response to determining that the first storage node's cache is full. For each portion of the file, a location of the portion is recorded, the location indicating at least a storage node storing the portion. | 09-18-2014 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20090004440 | CUTTING INSERT WITH A WEAR-RESISTANT COATING SCHEME EXHIBITING WEAR INDICATION AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME - A coated cutting insert for use in a chip-forming material removal operation wherein the coated cutting insert includes a substrate that has a flank surface and a rake surface and the flank surface intersects the rake surface to form a cutting edge at the intersection. There is a wear-resistant coating scheme that adheres to at least a portion of the substrate. The wear-resistant coating scheme includes one or more coating layers of one or more of alumina, hafnia and zirconia. There is a wear indicating coating that adheres to at least a portion of the wear-resistant coating scheme. The wear indicating coating includes M(O | 01-01-2009 |
20110293909 | Multilayer Nitride Hard Coatings - A wear resistant multilayer nitride hard coating for substrates. The hard coating includes a first layer of titanium aluminum nitride and a second layer comprising a plurality of sublayer groups. Each sublayer group includes a first sublayer of titanium silicon nitride and a second sublayer of titanium aluminum nitride. The composition of the titanium aluminum nitride, both in the first layer and in the sublayer groups, is (Ti | 12-01-2011 |
20120225285 | Coated Substrates and Methods of Making Same - Coated substrates having high wear resistant coatings are disclosed. The coatings include at least one layer of either titanium oxycarbonitride or titanium aluminum oxycarbonitride, such that the layer has an oxygen to titanium atomic percent ratio in the range of about 0.01 to about 0.09 and an aluminum to titanium atomic percent ratio in the range of about 0 to about 0.1. The coatings have a hardness to Young's modulus ratio of at least 0.06. The substrate may be a cutting insert. Methods of making such coated substrates are also disclosed in which layers comprising titanium oxycarbonitride or titanium aluminum oxycarbonitride are deposited by medium temperature chemical vapor deposition (MT-CVD) on substrates in the temperature range of about 750 to about 950° C. using a mixture of gases wherein the ratio of the hydrogen gas to the nitrogen gas is greater than 5. | 09-06-2012 |
20120237794 | ALUMINUM OXYNITRIDE COATED ARTICLE AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME - A coated article such as a coated cutting tool or coated wear part, which includes a substrate and a coating scheme on the substrate. The coating scheme has a titanium-containing coating layer, and an aluminum oxynitride coating layer on the titanium-containing coating layer. The aluminum oxynitride includes a mixture of phases having a hexagonal aluminum nitride type structure (space group: P63mc), a cubic aluminum nitride type structure (space group: Fm-3m), and optionally amorphous structure. The aluminum oxynitride coating layer has a composition of aluminum in an amount between about 20 atomic percent and about 50 atomic percent, nitrogen in an amount between about 40 atomic percent and about 70 atomic percent, and oxygen in an amount between about 1 atomic percent and about 20 atomic percent. The method of making the coated article includes a step of providing a substrate and depositing an aluminum oxynitride coating layer from a gaseous mixture that includes nitrogen, aluminum tri-chloride, ammonia, carbon dioxide, hydrogen chloride, optionally carbon monoxide, optionally argon, and hydrogen. | 09-20-2012 |
20130157023 | MULTILAYER NITRIDE HARD COATINGS - A wear resistant multilayer nitride hard coating for substrates. The hard coating includes a first layer of titanium aluminum nitride and a second layer comprising a plurality of sublayer groups. Each sublayer group includes a first sublayer of titanium silicon nitride and a second sublayer of titanium aluminum nitride. The composition of the titanium aluminum nitride, both in the first layer and in the sublayer groups, is (Ti | 06-20-2013 |
20130302521 | METHOD OF MAKING ALUMINUM OXYNITRIDE COATED ARTICLE - A coated article such as a coated cutting tool or coated wear part, which includes a substrate and a coating scheme on the substrate. The coating scheme has a titanium-containing coating layer, and an aluminum oxynitride coating layer on the titanium-containing coating layer. The aluminum oxynitride includes a mixture of phases having a hexagonal aluminum nitride type structure (space group: P63mc), a cubic aluminum nitride type structure (space group: Fm-3m), and optionally amorphous structure. The aluminum oxynitride coating layer has a composition of aluminum in an amount between about 20 atomic percent and about 50 atomic percent, nitrogen in an amount between about 40 atomic percent and about 70 atomic percent, and oxygen in an amount between about 1 atomic percent and about 20 atomic percent. The method of making the coated article includes a step of providing a substrate and depositing an aluminum oxynitride coating layer from a gaseous mixture that includes nitrogen, aluminum tri-chloride, ammonia, carbon dioxide, hydrogen chloride, optionally carbon monoxide, optionally argon, and hydrogen. | 11-14-2013 |
20140287199 | COATINGS FOR CUTTING TOOLS - In one aspect, cutting tools are described having coatings adhered thereto which, in some embodiments, can demonstrate desirable wear resistance and increased cutting lifetimes. A coated cutting tool, in some embodiments, comprises a substrate and a coating adhered to the substrate, the coating comprising a polycrystalline layer of TiZrAl | 09-25-2014 |
20140287228 | COATED BODY WHEREIN THE COATING SCHEME INCLUDES A COATING LAYER OF TiAl2O3 AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME - A coated cutting insert and a method for making the same. The coated cutting insert has a substrate with a substrate surface. There is a backing coating scheme on the substrate surface, and a TiAl | 09-25-2014 |
20140287229 | COATINGS FOR CUTTING TOOLS - In one aspect, cutting tools are described having coatings adhered thereto which, in some embodiments, can demonstrate desirable wear resistance and increased cutting lifetimes. A coated cutting tool, in some embodiments, comprises a substrate and a coating adhered to the substrate, the coating comprising at least one Zr doped layer deposited by chemical vapor deposition comprising ZrAl | 09-25-2014 |
20140291036 | MULTILAYER STRUCTURED COATINGS FOR CUTTING TOOLS - In one aspect, cutting tools are described having coatings adhered thereto which, in some embodiments, can demonstrate desirable wear resistance and increased cutting lifetimes. A coated cutting tool described herein comprises a substrate and a coating adhered to the substrate, the coating having a multilayer structure including a plurality of structural units each comprising a bonding layer and an adjacent alumina layer, the alumina layer having a thickness of less than 0.5 μm and the bonding layer having a thickness less than 1 μm, the bonding layer comprising TiCN and TiAlOC. | 10-02-2014 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20080299657 | ALIGNED NANOFIBERS AND RELATED METHODS OF USE - The present invention relates to nanofibers. In particular, the present invention provides aligned nanofiber bundle assemblies. In some embodiments, the aligned nanofiber bundle assemblies are used for tissue regeneration, controlled growth of cells, and related methods (e.g., diagnostic methods, research methods, drug screening). | 12-04-2008 |
20140315302 | ALIGNED NANOFIBERS AND RELATED METHODS OF USE - The present invention relates to nanofibers. In particular, the present invention provides aligned nanofiber bundle assemblies. In some embodiments, the aligned nanofiber bundle assemblies are used for tissue regeneration, controlled growth of cells, and related methods (e.g., diagnostic methods, research methods, drug screening). | 10-23-2014 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20140196327 | MULTI-DIRECTIONAL SIGNAL ASSEMBLY - A multi-directional signal assembly includes a signal display assembly having one or more display surface, and at least one signal indicia affixed to each display surface. The multi-directional display assembly comprises a buoyant construction such that the signal indicia affixed to the display surface(s) are readily visible above the surface of a body of water in which the assembly is deployed. A counterweight assembly is mounted to the signal display assembly to maintain the signal display assembly in a substantially upright, operative orientation when deployed. An illumination assembly comprising one or more illumination member is mounted to the signal display assembly, and is actuated to increase visibility of the signal display assembly while it is deployed n the surface of a body of water. | 07-17-2014 |
20140199899 | MULTI-DIRECTIONAL SIGNAL ASSEMBLY - A multi-directional signal assembly includes a signal display assembly having one or more display surface, and at least one signal indicia affixed to each display surface. The multi-directional display assembly comprises a buoyant construction such that the signal indicia affixed to the display surface(s) are readily visible above the surface of a body of water in which the assembly is deployed. A counterweight assembly is mounted to the signal display assembly to maintain the signal display assembly in a substantially upright, operative orientation when deployed. An illumination assembly comprising one or more illumination member is mounted to the signal display assembly, and is actuated to increase visibility of the signal display assembly while it is deployed n the surface of a body of water. | 07-17-2014 |
20140199900 | MULTI-DIRECTIONAL SIGNAL ASSEMBLY - A multi-directional signal assembly includes a signal display unit having one or more display surface, and at least one signal indicia affixed to each display surface. The multi-directional display assembly comprises a buoyant construction such that the signal indicia affixed to the display surface(s) are readily visible above the surface of a body of water in which the assembly is deployed. A counterweight mechanism is mounted to the signal display unit to maintain the signal display unit in a substantially upright, operative orientation when deployed. An illumination system comprising one or more illumination member is mounted to the signal display unit, and is actuated to increase visibility of the signal display unit while it is deployed n the surface of a body of water. | 07-17-2014 |
20140315452 | MULTI-DIRECTIONAL SIGNAL ASSEMBLY - A multi-directional signal assembly includes a signal display assembly having one or more display surface, and at least one signal indicia affixed to each display surface. The multi-directional display assembly comprises a buoyant construction such that the signal indicia affixed to the display surface(s) are readily visible above the surface of a body of water in which the assembly is deployed. A counterweight assembly is mounted to the signal display assembly to maintain the signal display assembly in a substantially upright, operative orientation when deployed. An illumination assembly comprising one or more illumination member is mounted to the signal display assembly, and is actuated to increase visibility of the signal display assembly while it is deployed n the surface of a body of water. | 10-23-2014 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20140201477 | METHODS AND APPARATUS TO MANAGE WORKLOAD MEMORY ALLOCATION - Methods, articles of manufacture, and apparatus are disclosed to manage workload memory allocation. An example method includes identifying a primary memory and a secondary memory associated with a platform, the secondary memory having first performance metrics different from second performance metrics of the primary memory, identifying access metrics associated with a plurality of data elements invoked by a workload during execution on the platform, prioritizing a list of the plurality of data elements based on the access metrics associated with corresponding ones of the plurality of data elements, and reallocating a first one of the plurality of data elements from the primary memory to the secondary memory based on the priority of the first one of the plurality of memory elements. | 07-17-2014 |
20140258677 | ANALYZING POTENTIAL BENEFITS OF VECTORIZATION - Embodiments of computer-implemented methods, systems, computing devices, and computer-readable media (transitory and non-transitory) are described herein for analyzing execution of a plurality of executable instructions and, based on the analysis, providing an indication of a benefit to be obtained by vectorization of at least a subset of the plurality of executable instructions. In various embodiments, the analysis may include identification of the subset of the plurality of executable instructions suitable for conversion to one or more single-instruction multiple-data (“SIMD”) instructions. | 09-11-2014 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20080249424 | Non-Contact Cardiac Mapping, Including Moving Catheter and Multi-Beat Integration - A non-contact cardiac mapping method is disclosed that includes: (i) inserting a catheter into a heart cavity having an endocardium surface, the catheter including multiple, spatially distributed electrodes; (ii) measuring signals at the catheter electrodes in response to electrical activity in the heart cavity with the catheter spaced from the endocardium surface; and (iii) determining physiological information at multiple locations of the endocardium surface based on the measured signals and positions of the electrodes with respect to the endocardium surface. Related systems and computer programs are also disclosed. | 10-09-2008 |
20090177071 | Non-Contact Cardiac Mapping, Including Preprocessing - A non-contact cardiac mapping method is disclosed that includes: (i) inserting a catheter into a heart cavity having an endocardium surface, the catheter including multiple, spatially distributed electrodes; (ii) measuring signals at the catheter electrodes in response to electrical activity in the heart cavity with the catheter spaced from the endocardium surface; and (iii) determining physiological information at multiple locations of the endocardium surface based on the measured signals and positions of the electrodes with respect to the endocardium surface. Related systems and computer programs are also disclosed. | 07-09-2009 |
20090177072 | Non-Contact Cardiac Mapping, Including Moving Catheter and Multi-Beat Integration - A non-contact cardiac mapping method is disclosed that includes: (i) inserting a catheter into a heart cavity having an endocardium surface, the catheter including multiple, spatially distributed electrodes; (ii) measuring signals at the catheter electrodes in response to electrical activity in the heart cavity with the catheter spaced from the endocardium surface; and (iii) determining physiological information at multiple locations of the endocardium surface based on the measured signals and positions of the electrodes with respect to the endocardium surface. Related systems and computer programs are also disclosed. | 07-09-2009 |
20090281439 | NON-CONTACT CARDIAC MAPPING, INCLUDING RESOLUTION MAP - A non-contact cardiac mapping method is disclosed that includes: (i) inserting a catheter into a heart cavity having an endocardium surface, the catheter including multiple, spatially distributed electrodes; (ii) measuring signals at the catheter electrodes in response to electrical activity in the heart cavity with the catheter spaced from the endocardium surface; and (iii) determining physiological information at multiple locations of the endocardium surface based on the measured signals and positions of the electrodes with respect to the endocardium surface. Related systems and computer programs are also disclosed. | 11-12-2009 |
20100305433 | NON-CONTACT CARDIAC MAPPING, INCLUDING RESOLUTION MAP - A non-contact cardiac mapping method is disclosed that includes: (i) inserting a catheter into a heart cavity having an endocardium surface, the catheter including multiple, spatially distributed electrodes; (ii) measuring signals at the catheter electrodes in response to electrical activity in the heart cavity with the catheter spaced from the endocardium surface; and (iii) determining physiological information at multiple locations of the endocardium surface based on the measured signals and positions of the electrodes with respect to the endocardium surface. Related systems and computer programs are also disclosed. | 12-02-2010 |
20110160574 | CARDIAC MAPPING WITH CATHETER SHAPE INFORMATION - A non-contact cardiac mapping method is disclosed that includes: (i) inserting a catheter into a heart cavity having an endocardium surface, the catheter including multiple, spatially distributed electrodes; (ii) measuring signals at the catheter electrodes in response to electrical activity in the heart cavity with the catheter spaced from the endocardium surface; and (iii) determining physiological information at multiple locations of the endocardium surface based on the measured signals and positions of the electrodes with respect to the endocardium surface. Related systems and computer programs are also disclosed. | 06-30-2011 |
20110190625 | CARDIAC MAPPING - A non-contact cardiac mapping method is disclosed that includes: (i) inserting a catheter into a heart cavity having an endocardium surface, the catheter including multiple, spatially distributed electrodes; (ii) measuring signals at the catheter electrodes in response to electrical activity in the heart cavity with the catheter spaced from the endocardium surface; and (iii) determining physiological information at multiple locations of the endocardium surface based on the measured signals and positions of the electrodes with respect to the endocardium surface. Related systems and computer programs are also disclosed. | 08-04-2011 |
20130261483 | CARDIAC MAPPING - A non-contact cardiac mapping method is disclosed that includes: (i) inserting a catheter into a heart cavity having an endocardium surface, the catheter including multiple, spatially distributed electrodes; (ii) measuring signals at the catheter electrodes in response to electrical activity in the heart cavity with the catheter spaced from the endocardium surface; and (iii) determining physiological information at multiple locations of the endocardium surface based on the measured signals and positions of the electrodes with respect to the endocardium surface. Related systems and computer programs are also disclosed. | 10-03-2013 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20080280920 | Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Inhibitors - Inhibitors of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-I) are provided, which may also act as anti cancer agents, of formulae (I-V). | 11-13-2008 |
20080305508 | Methods of screening for compounds that modulate TAFIa activity, compounds, and methods of using the compounds - Provided are methods of screening compounds for any aspirin-related activity other than TAFI inhibition, and also for non-inhibition of TAFI. Compounds identified by the screening methods can be used to treat, prevent or manage in a patient pain, fever, colon cancer, pancreatic cancer or an inflammatory, platelet aggregation, fibrinolytic or hemorrhagic disease or disorder. Also provided is a method of evaluating test compounds for TAFI inhibitory activity wherein the TAFI inhibitory activity of these test compounds is compared to the TAFI inhibitory activity of aspirin or its derivatives or metabolites. Further provided is a method of treating, preventing or managing in a patient, a hemorrhagic or thrombotic disease or disorder with high dose aspirin or aspirin derivatives or metabolites. Also contemplated is a method of treating, preventing or managing in a patient, pain, fever, colon cancer, pancreatic cancer or an inflammatory, platelet aggregation, fibrinolytic or hemorrhagic disease or disorder comprising administering aspirin or a derivative thereof or any other therapeutic having at least one desired therapeutic or prophylactic activity of aspirin to a patient in need thereof and administering to the patient a factor that promotes TAFIa activity, e.g. stabilized TAFIa, to ameliorate one or more adverse side effects of the therapeutic. Compounds identified by the methods of the invention are also provided. | 12-11-2008 |
20100310540 | METHODS OF SCREENING FOR COMPOUNDS THAT MODULATE TAFIA ACTIVITY, COMPOUNDS, AND METHODS OF USING THE COMPOUNDS - Provided are methods of screening compounds for any aspirin-related activity other than TAFI inhibition, and also for non-inhibition of TAFI. Compounds identified by the screening methods can be used to treat, prevent or manage in a patient pain, fever, colon cancer, pancreatic cancer or an inflammatory, platelet aggregation, fibrinolytic or hemorrhagic disease or disorder. Also provided is a method of evaluating test compounds for TAFI inhibitory activity wherein the TAFI inhibitory activity of these test compounds is compared to the TAFI inhibitory activity of aspirin or its derivatives or metabolites. Further provided is a method of treating, preventing or managing in a patient, a hemorrhagic or thrombotic disease or disorder with high dose aspirin or aspirin derivatives or metabolites. Also contemplated is a method of treating, preventing or managing in a patient, pain, fever, colon cancer, pancreatic cancer or an inflammatory, platelet aggregation, fibrinolytic or hemorrhagic disease or disorder comprising administering aspirin or a derivative thereof or any other therapeutic having at least one desired therapeutic or prophylactic activity of aspirin to a patient in need thereof and administering to the patient a factor that promotes TAFIa activity, e.g. stabilized TAFIa, to ameliorate one or more adverse side effects of the therapeutic. Compounds identified by the methods of the invention are also provided. | 12-09-2010 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20100131348 | SMALL STORE SYSTEM - System and methods of use are discloses that default routing of an ID read by an ID reader as part of a purchase transaction in a retail store, to a first computer system (MCS) instead of the POS computer system for the retail store, the first computer system processes the ID, and the POS computer system receives the results of the processing in the form of a IDs recognizable by the POS computer system and for which the POS computer system has associated costs. | 05-27-2010 |
20100131349 | SMALL STORE SYSTEM - System and methods of use are discloses that default routing of an ID read by an ID reader as part of a purchase transaction in a retail store, to a first computer system (MCS) instead of the POS computer system for the retail store, the first computer system processes the ID, and the POS computer system receives the results of the processing in the form of a IDs recognizable by the POS computer system and for which the POS computer system has associated costs. | 05-27-2010 |
20100131793 | SMALL STORE SYSTEM - System and methods of use are discloses that default routing of an ID read by an ID reader as part of a purchase transaction in a retail store, to a first computer system (MCS) instead of the POS computer system for the retail store, the first computer system processes the ID, and the POS computer system receives the results of the processing in the form of a IDs recognizable by the POS computer system and for which the POS computer system has associated costs. | 05-27-2010 |
20120323713 | SMALL STORE SYSTEM - System and methods of use are discloses that default routing of an ID read by an ID reader as part of a purchase transaction in a retail store, to a first computer system (MCS) instead of the POS computer system for the retail store, the first computer system processes the ID, and the POS computer system receives the results of the processing in the form of a IDs recognizable by the POS computer system and for which the POS computer system has associated costs. | 12-20-2012 |
20140249885 | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR CUSTOMIZED SEARCH RESULTS BASED ON A SHOPPING HISTORY OF A USER, RETAILER IDENTIFICATIONS, AND ITEMS BEING PROMOTED BY RETAILERS - The disclosure relates to systems and methods for providing a custom search based on search input entered by a user, shopping history of the user, retailer identifications, and products to be promoted by the retailers. The system may leverage a combination of retailer and user information to customize search results for the user. The system facilitates a search platform where retailers may provide items being promoted such that promoted items may feature prominently in search results and/or be included in search results while non-promoted items may be featured less prominently n search results and/or be excluded from the search results. In this manner, the retailer may more successfully drive sales of promoted items. Users may benefit from use of the search platform by receiving relevant results that are customized for the user and include items that are being promoted so that the user is made aware of relevant promotions. | 09-04-2014 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20080247496 | Early HSS Rx Data Sampling - In a method for reading data from a serial data source in a parallel format, data from the serial data source is deserialized by placing a plurality of predefined units of data onto a parallel bus and asserting a deserialization clock when each of the plurality of predefined units is valid on the parallel bus. A delayed clock pulse is generated a predetermined amount of time after each assertion of the deserialization clock. Each delayed pulse is repeated so as to generate an end point repeated clock pulse corresponding to each delayed pulse wherein the predetermined amount of time is an amount of time that ensures that each predefined unit of data on the parallel bus is valid when each end point repeated clock pulse is asserted. | 10-09-2008 |
20090177813 | Scalable Interface for a Memory Array - A technique for accessing a memory array includes receiving, from multiple requesters, memory access requests directed to a single port of the memory array. The memory access requests associated with each of the multiple requesters are serviced, based on a priority assigned to each of the multiple requesters, while maintaining a fixed timing for the memory access requests. | 07-09-2009 |
20130182706 | REQUESTING MULTICAST MEMBERSHIP INFORMATION IN A DISTRIBUTED SWITCH IN RESPONSE TO A MISS EVENT - Apparatuses and methods to request multicast membership information in a distributed switch are provided. A particular method may include requesting multicast membership information of a group identified by a multicast destination address in a distributed switch. The distributed switch may include a plurality of distributed switch elements with a plurality of switch forwarding units. The method may generate a miss event indicating that the multicast destination address is unregistered in a switch forwarding unit of a distributed switch element and there is a need for the multicast membership information. The method may also request the multicast membership information of the multicast destination address in response to the miss event. The method may further initiate a query for the multicast membership information of the multicast destination address in response to the request. | 07-18-2013 |
20130188637 | MULTICAST MISS NOTIFICATION FOR A DISTRIBUTED NETWORK SWITCH - Techniques are provided for multicast miss notification for a distributed network switch. In one embodiment, a bridge element in the distributed network switch receives a frame destined for a multicast group on a network. If a local multicast forwarding table of the bridge element does not include any forwarding entry for the multicast group, a forwarding entry is selected from the local multicast forwarding table as a candidate for being replaced. An indication of the candidate is sent to a management controller in the distributed network switch. | 07-25-2013 |
20130188640 | MULTICAST MISS NOTIFICATION FOR A DISTRIBUTED NETWORK SWITCH - Techniques are provided for multicast miss notification for a distributed network switch. In one embodiment, a bridge element in the distributed network switch receives a frame destined for a multicast group on a network. If a local multicast forwarding table of the bridge element does not include any forwarding entry for the multicast group, a forwarding entry is selected from the local multicast forwarding table as a candidate for being replaced. An indication of the candidate is sent to a management controller in the distributed network switch. | 07-25-2013 |
20130242985 | MULTICAST BANDWIDTH MULTIPLICATION FOR A UNIFIED DISTRIBUTED SWITCH - The distributed switch may include a plurality of chips (i.e., sub-switches) on a switch module. These sub-switches may receive from a computing device connected to a Tx/Rx port a multicast data frame (e.g., an Ethernet frame) that designates a plurality of different destinations. Instead of simply using one egress connection interface to forward the copies of the data frame to each of the destinations sequentially, the sub-switch may use a plurality of a connection interfaces to transfer copies of the multicast data frame simultaneously. The port that receives the multicast data frame can borrow the connection interfaces (and associated hardware such as buffers) assigned to these other ports to transmit copies of the multicast data frame simultaneously. | 09-19-2013 |
20130242986 | MULTICAST TRAFFIC GENERATION USING HIERARCHICAL REPLICATION MECHANISMS FOR DISTRIBUTED SWITCHES - A distributed switch may include a hierarchy with one or more levels of surrogate sub-switches (and surrogate bridge elements) that enable the distributed switch to scale bandwidth based on the size of the membership of a multicast group. When a sub-switch receives a multicast data frame, it forwards the packet to one of the surrogate sub-switches. Each surrogate sub-switch may then forward the packet to another surrogate in a different hierarchical level or to a destination computing device. Because the surrogates may transmit the data frame in parallel using two or more connection interfaces, the bandwidth used to forward the multicast packet increases for each surrogate used. | 09-19-2013 |
20130242987 | DYNAMIC OPTIMIZATION OF A MULTICAST TREE HIERARCHY FOR A DISTRIBUTED SWITCH - A distributed switch may include a hierarchy with one or more levels of surrogate sub-switches (and surrogate bridge elements) that enable the distributed switch to scale bandwidth based on the size of the membership of a multicast group. Moreover, each surrogate may optimize the hierarchy according to one or more optimization criteria. For example, each surrogate in the hierarchy may have the necessary information to ensure that if the next surrogate in the hierarchy is unavailable, the data may be routed to a backup surrogate. The selected hierarchy may be further optimized by skipping surrogates (or a surrogate level) such that the data intended for a skipped surrogate is sent to a surrogate in a lower-level of the hierarchy. This may better utilize the connection interfaces in the transmitting sub-switches and eliminate any unnecessary surrogate-to-surrogate transfers. | 09-19-2013 |
20130242988 | DELIVERING MULTICAST FRAMES TO AGGREGATED LINK TRUNKS IN A DISTRIBUTED SWITCH - A distributed switch may include a plurality of sub-switches. These sub-switches may be arranged in a hierarchy that increases the available bandwidth for transmitting multicast data frames across the switch fabric. Moreover, the distributed switch may be compatible with link aggregation where multiple physical connections are grouped together to create an aggregated (logical) link. Link aggregation requires similar data frames to use the same data path when traversing the distributed switch. With a unicast data frame, the sub-switch in the distributed switch that receives the data frame typically identifies the destination port (during a process called link selection) and forwards the data frame to the sub-switch containing that port. However, with multicast data frames, instead of the receiving sub-switch performing link selection to determine the destination port, link selection may be done by a different sub-switch or not done at all. | 09-19-2013 |
20130242990 | DYNAMIC OPTIMIZATION OF A MULTICAST TREE HIERARCHY FOR A DISTRIBUTED SWITCH - A distributed switch may include a hierarchy with one or more levels of surrogate sub-switches (and surrogate bridge elements) that enable the distributed switch to scale bandwidth based on the size of the membership of a multicast group. Moreover, each surrogate may optimize the hierarchy according to one or more optimization criteria. For example, each surrogate in the hierarchy may have the necessary information to ensure that if the next surrogate in the hierarchy is unavailable, the data may be routed to a backup surrogate. The selected hierarchy may be further optimized by skipping surrogates (or a surrogate level) such that the data intended for a skipped surrogate is sent to a surrogate in a lower-level of the hierarchy. This may better utilize the connection interfaces in the transmitting sub-switches and eliminate any unnecessary surrogate-to-surrogate transfers. | 09-19-2013 |
20130242991 | DELIVERING MULTICAST FRAMES TO AGGREGATED LINK TRUNKS IN A DISTRIBUTED SWITCH - A distributed switch may include a plurality of sub-switches. These sub-switches may be arranged in a hierarchy that increases the available bandwidth for transmitting multicast data frames across the switch fabric. Moreover, the distributed switch may be compatible with link aggregation where multiple physical connections are grouped together to create an aggregated (logical) link. Link aggregation requires similar data frames to use the same data path when traversing the distributed switch. With a unicast data frame, the sub-switch in the distributed switch that receives the data frame typically identifies the destination port (during a process called link selection) and forwards the data frame to the sub-switch containing that port. However, with multicast data frames, instead of the receiving sub-switch performing link selection to determine the destination port, link selection may be done by a different sub-switch or not done at all. | 09-19-2013 |
20130242992 | MULTICAST TRAFFIC GENERATION USING HIERARCHICAL REPLICATION MECHANISMS FOR DISTRIBUTED SWITCHES - A distributed switch may include a hierarchy with one or more levels of surrogate sub-switches (and surrogate bridge elements) that enable the distributed switch to scale bandwidth based on the size of the membership of a multicast group. When a sub-switch receives a multicast data frame, it forwards the packet to one of the surrogate sub-switches. Each surrogate sub-switch may then forward the packet to another surrogate in a different hierarchical level or to a destination computing device. Because the surrogates may transmit the data frame in parallel using two or more connection interfaces, the bandwidth used to forward the multicast packet increases for each surrogate used. | 09-19-2013 |
20130242993 | MULTICAST BANDWIDTH MULTIPLICATION FOR A UNIFIED DISTRIBUTED SWITCH - The distributed switch may include a plurality of chips (i.e., sub-switches) on a switch module. These sub-switches may receive from a computing device connected to a Tx/Rx port a multicast data frame (e.g., an Ethernet frame) that designates a plurality of different destinations. Instead of simply using one egress connection interface to forward the copies of the data frame to each of the destinations sequentially, the sub-switch may use a plurality of a connection interfaces to transfer copies of the multicast data frame simultaneously. The port that receives the multicast data frame can borrow the connection interfaces (and associated hardware such as buffers) assigned to these other ports to transmit copies of the multicast data frame simultaneously. | 09-19-2013 |