| Patent application number | Description | Published |
|---|
| 20120328967 | FUEL CELL WITH SELECTIVELY CONDUCTING ANODE COMPONENT - By incorporating a selectively conducting component in electrical series with the anode components in a solid polymer fuel cell, degradation during startup and shutdown can be reduced. As a result, the startup and shutdown procedures can be simplified and consequently certain system apparatus may be omitted. The anode does not need to be rapidly purged with hydrogen on startup or with air on shutdown. Additionally, the auxiliary load usually employed during such purging is not required. | 12-27-2012 |
| 20130017471 | FUEL CELL WITH SELECTIVELY CONDUCTING ANODE COMPONENT - To reduce degradation of a solid polymer fuel cell during startup and shutdown, a selectively conducting component is incorporated in electrical series with the anode components in the fuel cell. The component is characterized by a low electrical resistance in the presence of hydrogen or fuel and a high resistance in the presence of air. High cathode potentials can be prevented by integrating such a component into the fuel cell. A suitable selectively conducting component can comprise a layer of selectively conducting material, such as a metal oxide. | 01-17-2013 |
| 20130236807 | DURABLE FUEL CELL WITH PLATINUM COBALT ALLOY CATHODE CATALYST AND SELECTIVELY CONDUCTING ANODE - The degradation associated with repeated startup and shutdown of solid polymer electrolyte fuel cells comprising PtCo alloy cathode catalysts can be particularly poor. However, a marked and unexpected improvement in durability is observed as a result of incorporating a selectively conducting component in electrical series with the anode components in the fuel cell. | 09-12-2013 |
| 20130236812 | DURABLE FUEL CELL WITH PLATINUM COBALT ALLOY CATHODE CATALYST AND SELECTIVELY CONDUCTING ANODE - The degradation associated with repeated startup and shutdown of solid polymer electrolyte fuel cells comprising PtCo alloy cathode catalysts can be particularly poor. However, a marked and unexpected improvement in durability is observed as a result of incorporating a selectively conducting component in electrical series with the anode components in the fuel cell. | 09-12-2013 |
| 20140030625 | VOLTAGE REVERSAL TOLERANT FUEL CELL WITH SELECTIVELY CONDUCTING ANODE - Use of a selectively conducting anode component in solid polymer electrolyte fuel cells can reduce the degradation associated with repeated startup and shutdown, but unfortunately can also adversely affect a cell's tolerance to voltage reversal. Use of a carbon sublayer in such cells can improve the tolerance to voltage reversal, but can adversely affect cell performance. However, employing an appropriate selection of selectively conducting material and carbon sublayer, in which the carbon sublayer is in contact with the side of the anode opposite the solid polymer electrolyte, can provide for cells that exhibit acceptable behaviour in every regard. A suitable selectively conducting material comprises platinum deposited on tin oxide. | 01-30-2014 |
| Patent application number | Description | Published |
|---|
| 20110218368 | METHOD FOR REDUCING THE FORMATION OF BY-PRODUCT DINITROBENZENE IN THE PRODUCTION OF MONONITROBENZENE - A method for making mononitrobenzene using a plug flow reactor train. Benzene, nitric acid and sulfuric acid are introduced into the reactor and produced mononitrobenzene is removed at an outlet end. All of the benzene and at least part of the sulfuric acid are introduced at the inlet end of the reactor. A first portion of the nitric acid is introduced by a first nitric acid feed into the inlet end and a second portion of the nitric acid is introduced at one or more additional feeds that are spaced between the inlet end and the outlet end. The method results in reduced formation of by-product dinitrobenzene, improving the reaction yield of mononitrobenzene while avoiding the need for a distillation step. | 09-08-2011 |
| 20110245547 | ADIABATIC PROCESS FOR MAKING MONONITROBENZENE - An adiabatic process for making mononitrobenzene by the nitration of benzene which minimizes the formation of nitrophenols and dinitrobenzene by-products. The process uses a mixed acid having less than 3 wt % nitric acid, 55 to 80 wt % sulfuric acid, and water. The initial temperature of the mixed acid is in the range of 60 to 96° C. The nitration reaction is complete in about 300 seconds and produces less than 1,200 ppm nitrophenols and less than about 80 ppm dinitrobenzene. The reaction can be carried out in a plug-flow or a stirred pot reactor, or a combination of such reactors. | 10-06-2011 |
| 20120017848 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR VAPORIZING LIQUID CHLORINE CONTAINING NITROGEN TRICHLORIDE - A method of safely vaporizing liquid chlorine containing high concentrations of nitrogen trichloride contaminant from a chloralkali plant. In a vertical plug-flow vaporizer having an upward flow direction, a stream of liquid chlorine containing nitrogen trichloride is received. A gas such as air, nitrogen or chlorine gas is introduced into the liquid stream upstream of the boiling zone of the vaporizer to induce a flow regime, for example annular flow or mist flow, that prevents a mass accumulation of nitrogen trichloride in the vaporizer. The liquid chlorine containing nitrogen trichloride is vaporized. The resulting gas stream may be processed to destroy the nitrogen trichloride and recycled to the chlorine production train. | 01-26-2012 |
| 20120020866 | METHOD OF PROCESSING LIQUID CHLORINE CONTAINING NITROGEN TRICHLORIDE - A method of processing a stream of liquid chlorine containing nitrogen trichloride from a chloralkali plant. The liquid stream is received into a vaporizer in which it is evaporated 1O1 chlorine gas and nitrogen trichloride gas. The gas stream is processed by destroying the nitrogen trichloride gas, for example in a superheater or a catalytic bed. The processed gas stream is recycled to the chlorine production train of the chloralkali plant. The process avoids the use of organic solvents to decompose the nitrogen trichloride and the creation of a waste stream requiring further handling. | 01-26-2012 |
| 20130018210 | REMOVAL OF NON-AROMATIC IMPURITIES FROM A NITRATION PROCESSAANM Guenkel; Alfred A.AACI VancouverAACO CAAAGP Guenkel; Alfred A. Vancouver CAAANM Berretta; SergioAACI VancouverAACO CAAAGP Berretta; Sergio Vancouver CA - A method and apparatus for removing non-aromatic impurities from non-nitrated aromatic reactant in a nitration production process, in which process an aromatic reactant is nitrated ( | 01-17-2013 |
