Patent application number | Description | Published |
20080218740 | Nanowire-based photonic devices - Embodiments of the present invention are related to nanowire-based devices that can be configured and operated as modulators, chemical sensors, and light-detection devices. In one aspect, a nanowire-based device includes a reflective member, a resonant cavity surrounded by at least a portion of the reflective member, and at least one nanowire disposed within the resonant cavity. The nanowire includes at least one active segment selectively disposed along the length of the nanowire to substantially coincide with at least one antinode of light resonating within the cavity. The active segment can be configured to interact with the light resonating within the cavity. | 09-11-2008 |
20080219311 | Optical structures including selectively positioned color centers, photonic chips including same, and methods of fabricating optical structures - Various aspects of the present invention are directed to optical structures including selectively positioned color centers, methods of fabricating such optical structures, and photonic chips that utilize such optical structures. In one aspect of the present invention, an optical structure includes an optical medium having a number of strain-localization regions. A number of color centers are distributed within the optical medium in a generally selected pattern, with at least a portion of the strain-localization regions including one or more of the color centers. In another aspect of the present invention, a method of positioning color centers in an optical medium is disclosed. In the method, a number of strain-localization regions are generated in the optical medium. The optical medium is annealed to promote diffusion of at least a portion of the color centers to the strain-localization regions. | 09-11-2008 |
20080239462 | Composite material with controllable resonant cells - An apparatus for controlling propagation of incident electromagnetic radiation is described, comprising a composite material having electromagnetically reactive cells of small dimension relative to a wavelength of the incident electromagnetic radiation. At least one of a capacitive and inductive property of at least one of the electromagnetically reactive cells is temporally controllable to allow temporal control of an associated effective refractive index encountered by the incident electromagnetic radiation while propagating through the composite material. | 10-02-2008 |
20080258079 | Apparatuses and methods for up-converting electromagnetic radiation - Various aspects of the present invention are directed to apparatuses and methods for up-converting electromagnetic radiation. In one aspect of the present invention, a plasmonic up-converter apparatus includes an excitation source operable to emit electromagnetic radiation at an excitation frequency and at least one array of nanofeatures. The at least one array of nanofeatures is configured to produce an emission spectrum responsive to irradiation by the electromagnetic radiation. The emission spectrum has an intensity at a second harmonic frequency or a third harmonic frequency approximately equal to an intensity at a fundamental harmonic frequency, with the fundamental harmonic frequency being approximately equal to the excitation frequency. Additional aspects are directed to a display that utilizes any of the disclosed plasmonic up-converter apparatuses, a laser in which a laser medium is optically pumped using electromagnetic radiation produced by one of the disclosed plasmonic up-converter apparatuses, and methods of up-converting electromagnetic radiation. | 10-23-2008 |
20080259981 | Photonic device including semiconductor structure having doped region with array of subwavelength recesses - Various aspects of the present invention are directed to photonic devices, such as electro-optic modulators, passive filters, and tunable filters. In one aspect of the present invention, a photonic device includes a semiconductor structure having a p-region and an n-region. A doped region is formed on or within the semiconductor structure. The doped region includes at least one generally periodic array of recesses, with the at least one generally periodic array configured to transmit electromagnetic radiation at a selected dominant wavelength. The selected dominant wavelength is tunable by varying the refractive index of the semiconductor structure. | 10-23-2008 |
20080266556 | Nanowire configured to couple electromagnetic radiation to selected guided wave, devices using same, and methods of fabricating same - Various aspects of the present invention are directed to a nanowire configured to couple electromagnetic radiation to a selected guided wave and devices incorporating such nanowires. In one aspect of the present invention, a nanowire structure includes a substrate and at least one nanowire attached to the substrate. A diameter, composition, or both may vary generally periodically along a length of the at least one nanowire. A coating may cover at least part of a circumferential surface of the at least one nanowire. The nanowire structure may be incorporated in a device including at least one optical-to-electrical converter operable to convert a guided wave propagating along the length of the at least one nanowire, at least in part responsive to irradiation, to an electrical signal. Other aspects of the present invention are directed to methods of fabricating nanowires structured to support guided waves. | 10-30-2008 |
20080266640 | Structure and method for modulating light - A structure includes a film having a plurality of nanoapertures and a semiconductor layer in connection with the film. The nanoapertures are configured to allow the transmission of a predetermined subwavelength of light through the film via the plurality of nanoapertures. The semiconductor layer facilitates the modulation of the predetermined subwavelength of light transmitted through the film. The structure also includes a carrier generator for modulating the predetermined subwavelength of light by generating charge carriers | 10-30-2008 |
20080285917 | Method and apparatus for controlling light flux with sub-micron plasmon waveguides - Apparatuses and methods for modulating electromagnetic radiation are disclosed. A plasmon waveguide including an array of metallic nanoparticles disposed on a dielectric substrate is provided. The plasmon waveguide is disposed on a MEMS structure. An electromagnetic radiation signal is applied to a tapered fiber disposed proximate the MEMS structure. The intensity of the electromagnetic radiation signal passing through the tapered fiber is modified by displacing a deformable member of the MEMS structure to modify a distance between the plasmon waveguide and the tapered fiber such that an evanescent field of the tapered fiber causes a plasmon resonance in the plasmon waveguide. | 11-20-2008 |
20080310790 | Nanowire-based photodetectors - Various embodiments of the present invention are directed to nanowire-based photodetectors that can be used to convert information encoded in a channel of electromagnetic radiation into a photocurrent encoding the same information. In one embodiment of the present invention, a photodetector comprises a waveguide configured to transmit one or more channels of electromagnetic radiation. The photodetector includes a first terminal and a second terminal. The first terminal and the second terminal are positioned on opposite sides of the waveguide. The photodetector also includes a number of nanowires. Each nanowire interconnects the first terminal to the second terminal and a portion of each nanowire is embedded in the waveguide. | 12-18-2008 |
20090001498 | Nanowire photodiodes and methods of making nanowire photodiodes - Nanowire-based photodiodes are disclosed. The photodiodes include a first optical waveguide having a tapered first end, a second optical waveguide having a tapered second end, and at least one nanowire comprising at least one semiconductor material connecting the first and second ends in a bridging configuration. Methods of making the photodiodes are also disclosed. | 01-01-2009 |
20090015838 | Structure having nanoapertures - A structure includes a film having a plurality of nanoapertures. The nanoapertures are configured to allow the transmission of a predetermined subwavelength of light through the film via the plurality of nanoapertures. The structure also includes a semiconductor layer in connection with the film to facilitate the detection of the predetermined subwavelength of light transmitted through the film. | 01-15-2009 |
20090027778 | Deformable optical element, methods of making and uses thereof - A deformable optical element includes an elastically deformable lens. Electrical contacts are directly attached to the elastically deformable lens and configured to receive an applied voltage. The electrical contacts have opposing surfaces configured to develop electrostatic forces in response to the applied voltage. The electrostatic forces deform the elastically deformable lens to create a predetermined optical effect. | 01-29-2009 |
20090032798 | LIGHT EMITTING DIODE (LED) - A light-emitting diode (LED) includes a p-type layer, an n-type layer, and an active layer arranged between the p-type layer and the n-type layer. The active layer includes at least one quantum well adjacent to at least one modulation-doped layer. Alternatively, or in addition thereto, at least one surface of the n-type layer or the p-type layer is texturized to form a textured surface facing the active layer. | 02-05-2009 |
20090034050 | FRESNEL ANTENNA - A Fresnel antenna includes a plurality of Fresnel elements spaced to selectively attenuate electromagnetic waves having a predetermined wavelength, selected wavelengths, or range of wavelengths, and to concentrate electromagnetic waves having a predetermined wavelength, selected wavelengths, or range of wavelengths other than the attenuated wavelengths. | 02-05-2009 |
20090034908 | PHOTONIC GUIDING DEVICE - A photonic guiding device and methods of making and using are disclosed. The photonic guiding device comprises a large core hollow waveguide configured to interconnect electronic circuitry on a circuit board. A reflective coating covers an interior of the hollow waveguide to provide a high reflectivity to enable light to be reflected from a surface of the reflective coating. A collimator is configured to collimate multi-mode coherent light directed into the hollow waveguide. | 02-05-2009 |
20090034977 | MULTIPLEXING HIGH SPEED LIGHT EMITTING DIODES (LEDs) - A system for multiplexing a plurality of high speed light emitting diodes (HSLEDs) includes a plurality of HSLEDs. Each of the plurality of HSLEDs emits a wavelength of light at a speed greater than or equal to about 1 Gigabyte per second. A multiplexer receives the wavelengths of light from the plurality of HSLEDs and combines the wavelengths of light for transmission over a channel. A method of multiplexing the plurality of HSLEDs is also disclosed. | 02-05-2009 |
20090087139 | Photonic guiding device - A photonic guiding device and methods of making and using are disclosed. The photonic guiding device comprises a large core hollow waveguide configured to interconnect electronic circuitry on a circuit board. A reflective coating covers an interior of the hollow waveguide to provide a high reflectivity to enable light to be reflected from a surface of the reflective coating. A collimator is configured to collimate multi-mode coherent light directed into the hollow waveguide. | 04-02-2009 |
20090103862 | WAVEGUIDE SYSTEM WITH DIFFRACTING STRUCTURE - An optical waveguide system includes an optical element, a three-dimensional diffracting structure positioned around the optical element, and a waveguide. The optical element and the diffracting structure are at least partially enclosed by the waveguide. | 04-23-2009 |
20090103930 | Method and system of tracking optical beam shift - An optical interconnect includes an optical transmitter having a plurality of optical sources; a light sensing array configured to receive optical beams emitted from the optical sources; and a beam tracking module in communication with the light sensing array. The beam tracking module is configured to calculate a displacement of at least one of the optical beams by extrapolating an extremum from cross-correlation data obtained between at least a portion of a sample reading from the light sensing array and at least a portion of a plurality of shifted versions of a reference reading from the light sensing array. A related method includes calculating a displacement of an optical beam by extrapolating an extremum from cross-correlation data obtained between a sample reading of the optical beam and at least a portion of a plurality of shifted versions of a reference reading from the light sensing array. | 04-23-2009 |
20100079754 | SYSTEMS FOR PERFORMING RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY - Various embodiments of the present invention relate generally to systems for performing Raman spectroscopy. In one embodiment, a system for performing Raman spectroscopy comprises an analyte holder having a surface configured to retain an analyte and a light concentrator configured to receive an incident beam of light, split the incident beam into one or more beams, and direct the one or more beams to substantially intersect at the surface. The system may also include a collector configured to focus each of the one or more beams onto the surface, collect the Raman scattered light emitted from the analyte, and direct the Raman scattered light away from the surface. | 04-01-2010 |
20100091274 | Plasmonic electric-field concentrator arrays and systems for performing raman spectroscopy - Various embodiments of the present invention relate to plasmonic electric-field concentrators and to systems incorporating the plasmonic electric-field concentrators to perform Raman spectroscopy. In one aspect, a plasmonic electric-field concentrator comprises two or more large features, and a relatively small feature similar in shape to large features positioned adjacent to the two or more large features. The features are arranged so that when light of an appropriate wavelength is incident on the features, surface plasmon polaritons form on the outer surfaces of the features. The surface plasmon polaritons have associated electric fields extending perpendicular to the surfaces of the features. The electric fields are concentrated in the space between features forming an electric field hot spot that enhances Raman scattered light emitted from an analyte proximate to or absorbed on the features. | 04-15-2010 |
20100155686 | MEMRISTIVE DEVICE - A memristive device includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and an active region disposed between the first and second electrodes. At least one of the first and second electrodes is a metal oxide electrode. | 06-24-2010 |
20100265552 | Dynamically reconfigurable negative index material crossbars with gain - Various embodiments of the present invention are directed to negative index material crossbars that can be electronically controlled and dynamically reconfigured to exhibit a variety of electromagnetic properties. In one aspect, a negative index material crossbar comprises a first layer of non-crossing nanowires, and a second layer of approximately parallel nanowires that overlay the nanowires in the first layer. Resonant elements at nanowire intersections, and a gain material incorporated in the crossbar such that transmitted electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths in a wavelength band of interest is enhanced when the crossbar is flood pumped with pump electromagnetic radiation. | 10-21-2010 |
20100275686 | INERTIAL SENSING SYSTEM WITH A CURVED BASE AND A DIAMAGNETIC MASS - An inertial sensing system includes a diamagnetic mass, a plurality of permanent magnets positioned to form a curved base, wherein the plurality of permanent magnets are configured to provide an inhomogeneous magnetic field upon which the diamagnetic mass becomes levitated above the plurality of permanent magnets within the curved base and wherein the curved base also provides a confinement potential to substantially prevent the diamagnetic mass from exiting an interior of the curved base, and a tracking apparatus for monitoring at least one of a position and an orientation of the diamagnetic mass with respect to the curved structure. | 11-04-2010 |
20100277789 | Negative index material-based modulators and methods for fabricating the same - Various embodiments of the present invention are directed to external, electronically controllable, negative index material-based modulators. In one aspect, an external modulator comprises a negative index material in electronic communication with an electronic signal source. The negative index material receives an electronic signal encoding data from the electronic signal source and an unmodulated carrier wave from an electromagnetic radiation source. Magnitude variations in the electronic signal produce corresponding effective refractive index changes in the negative index material encoding the data in the amplitude and/or phase of the carrier wave to produce an electromagnetic signal. | 11-04-2010 |
20100277791 | Scrambling and descrambling systems for secure communication - Various embodiments of the present invention are directed to scrambling-descrambling systems for encrypting and decrypting electromagnetic signals transmitted in optical and wireless networks. In one aspect, a system ( | 11-04-2010 |
20100278474 | DEVICE WITH TUNABLE PLASMON RESONANCE - A device includes a resonator capable of supporting a plasmon mode, a gain structure arranged to couple energy into the resonator, and a memristive layer arranged to provide an interaction with the plasmon mode. An electric signal applied to the memristive layer can change the interaction and change a resonant frequency of the plasmon mode. | 11-04-2010 |
20100278479 | MEMRISTIVE ARRAY WITH WAVEGUIDE - A device includes one or more waveguides and a memristive array adjacent to the waveguide(s). The memristive array is programmable to form a pattern that diffracts light and couples diffracted light into or out of the waveguide(s). | 11-04-2010 |
20100321684 | SIGNAL-AMPLIFICATION DEVICE FOR SURFACE ENHANCED RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY - A signal-amplification device for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). The signal-amplification device includes a non-SERS-active (NSA) substrate, a plurality of multi-tiered non-SERS-active nanowire (MNSANW) structures and a plurality of metallic SERS-active nanoparticles. In addition, a MNSANW structure of the plurality of MNSANW structures includes a main arm of a plurality of main arms and a plurality of arms of at least secondary order. The plurality of main arms is disposed on the NSA substrate; and, a secondary arm of the plurality of arms is disposed on the main arm. Moreover, a metallic SERS-active nanoparticle of the plurality of metallic SERS-active nanoparticles is disposed on a surface of the MNSANW structure. | 12-23-2010 |
20110014457 | Graphene Layer With An Engineered Stress Supported On A Substrate - A structure comprising a layer of graphene supported on a substrate wherein the substrate is pre-selected to have a coefficient of thermal expansion that is either matched within about 10% of that of graphene or mis-matched, thereby inducing controlled stress in the graphene layer to control electrical and/or mechanical properties of devices fabricated in the graphene layer. | 01-20-2011 |
20110017977 | MEMRISTORS WITH INSULATION ELEMENTS AND METHODS FOR FABRICATING THE SAME - Embodiments of the present invention are directed to nanoscale memristor devices that provide nonvolatile memristive switching. In one embodiment, a memristor device comprises an active region disposed between a first electrode and a second electrode. The device includes a first insulation element disposed between the first electrode and an outer portion of a first surface of the active region. The first insulation element is configured with one or more opening through which the first electrode makes physical contact with the active region. The device also includes a second insulation element disposed between the second electrode and an outer portion of a second surface of the active region. The second insulation element is configured with one or more opening through which the second electrode makes physical contact with the second surface. | 01-27-2011 |
20110024710 | MEMRISTOR WITH A NON-PLANAR SUBSTRATE - A memristor includes a substrate having a plurality of protrusions, wherein each of the plurality of protrusions extends in a first direction, a first electrode provided over at least one of the plurality of protrusions, wherein the first electrode conforms to the shape of the at least one protrusion such that the first electrode has a crest, a switching material positioned upon the first electrode; and a second electrode positioned upon the switching material such that a portion of the second electrode is substantially in line with the crest of the first electrode along the first direction, wherein an active region in the switching material is operable to be formed between the crest of the first electrode and the portion of the second electrode that is substantially in line with the crest of the first electrode. | 02-03-2011 |
20110024716 | MEMRISTOR HAVING A NANOSTRUCTURE IN THE SWITCHING MATERIAL - A memristor includes a first electrode having a first surface, at least one electrically conductive nanostructure provided on the first surface, in which the at least one electrically conductive nanostructure is relatively smaller than a width of the first electrode, a switching material positioned upon said first surface, in which the switching material covers the at least one electrically conductive nanostructure, and a second electrode positioned upon the switching material substantially in line with the at least one electrically conductive nanostructure, in which an active region in the switching material is formed substantially between the at least one electrically conductive nanostructure and the first electrode. | 02-03-2011 |
20110075967 | Cylindrical Resonators For Optical Signal Routing - A system for routing optical signals includes a waveguide array and a cylindrical resonator lying across the waveguide array, the cylindrical resonator having independently controllable tangential interfaces with each of the waveguides within the waveguide array. A method of selectively routing an optical signal between waveguides includes selecting a optical signal to route; determining the desired path the optical signal; tuning a first controllable interface between a cylindrical resonator and a source waveguide to extract the optical signal from the source waveguide; and tuning a second independently controllable interface between the cylindrical resonator and a destination waveguide to deposit the optical signal into the destination waveguide. | 03-31-2011 |
20110081109 | NANOPARTICLE ARRAY PHOTONIC WAVEGUIDE - A nanoparticle array photonic waveguide, a photonic transmission system and a method of photonic transmission compensate for optical loss in an optical signal through stimulated emission using an optical gain material in a core of composite nanoparticles. The nanoparticle array photonic waveguide includes a plurality of the composite nanoparticles arranged adjacent to one another in a row. A composite nanoparticle of the plurality includes a shell and a core. The shell includes a negative dielectric constant material that is capable of supporting an optical signal on a surface of the shell. The core is adjacent to a side of the shell opposite to the shell surface. The core includes an optical gain material (OGM) that is capable of providing optical gain to the optical signal through stimulated emission within the OGM. | 04-07-2011 |
20110096218 | NANOWIRE PHOTODIODES - A photodiode includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a nanowire comprising a semiconductor core and a semiconductor shell. The nanowire has a first end and a second end, the first end being in electrical contact with the first electrode and the second end being in contact with the second electrode. | 04-28-2011 |
20110141541 | ACTIVE CHIRAL PHOTONIC METAMATERIAL - An active chiral photonic metamaterial having a dynamically controllable photonic material parameter is employed in a system and a method of polarization rotation. The active chiral photonic metamaterial includes a first chiral photonic element formed in a first metal layer, a second chiral photonic element formed in a second metal layer, and an active material layer disposed between the first and second metal layers. The active material layer includes the photonic material parameter that is dynamically controllable. A coupling between the first chiral photonic element and the second chiral photonic element is a function of the photonic material parameter of the active material layer. The system further includes a means for controlling the dynamically controllable photonic material parameter. The method includes illuminating the active chiral photonic metamaterial with an optical signal and applying a control signal to vary the dynamically controllable photonic material parameter. | 06-16-2011 |
20110141546 | TUNABLE NANOWIRE RESONANT CAVITY FOR OPTICAL MODULATION - A resonant cavity with tunable nanowire. The resonant cavity includes a substrate. The substrate is coupleable to an optical resonator structure. The resonant cavity also includes a plurality of nanowires formed on the substrate. The plurality of nanowires is actuated in response to an application of energy. | 06-16-2011 |
20110168894 | NANOWIRE BOLOMETER PHOTODETECTOR - A photodetector for the detection of radiated electromagnetic energy includes at least one bolometer nanowire disposed at least partially within a photon trap. The at least one nanowire has at least one blackened surface. The blackened surface is configured to absorb radiated electromagnetic energy ranging from far-infrared light to visible light. | 07-14-2011 |
20110169052 | MEMFET RAM - A non-volatile field-effect device. The non-volatile field-effect device includes a source, a drain, a channel-formation portion and a memristive gate. The channel-formation portion is disposed between and coupled with the source and the drain. The memristive gate is disposed over the channel-formation portion and coupled with the channel-formation portion. The memristive gate includes a plurality of mobile ions and a confinement structure for the plurality of mobile ions. Moreover, the memristive gate is configured to switch the channel-formation portion from a first conductivity state to a second conductivity state in response to migration of the plurality of mobile ions within the confinement structure. | 07-14-2011 |
20110179880 | FLOW SENSING SYSTEMS AND METHODS - A flow sensing system is provided. The system can include a first graphitic member and a first measurement device communicatively coupled to the first graphitic member. The first measurement device is adapted to measure a voltage along each of a plurality of orthogonal axes defined by the first graphitic member. The system can further include a display communicatively coupled to the first measurement device, the display adapted to convert the measured voltages into a signal proportionate to the fluid flow past the first graphitic member. | 07-28-2011 |
20110188033 | MOLECULE DETECTION USING RAMAN LIGHT DETECTION - An apparatus for detecting at least one molecule using Raman light detection includes a substrate for supporting a sample containing the at least one molecule, a laser source for emitting a laser beam to cause Raman light emission from the at least one molecule, a modulating element for modulating a spatial relationship between the laser beam and the substrate at an identified frequency to cause the Raman light to be emitted from the at least one molecule at the identified frequency, at least one detector for detecting the Raman light emitted from the at least one molecule, and a post-signal processing unit configured to process the detected Raman light emission at the identified frequency to detect the at least one molecule. | 08-04-2011 |
20110188034 | SURFACE ENHANCED RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY EMPLOYING VIBRATING NANORODS - A surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) apparatus, system and method employ a plurality of nanorods configured to vibrate. The apparatus includes the nanorods having tips at free ends opposite an end attached to a substrate. The tips are configured to adsorb an analyte and to vibrate at a vibration frequency. The apparatus further includes a vibration source configured to vibrate the free ends of the nanorods at the vibration frequency in a back-and-forth motion. Vibration of the nanorods is configured to facilitate detection of a Raman scattering signal emitted by the analyte adsorbed on the nanorod tips. The system further includes a synchronous detector configured to receive the Raman signal and to be gated cooperatively with the vibration of the nanorods. The method includes inducing a vibration of the nanorods, illuminating the vibrating tips to produce a Raman signal, and detecting the Raman signal using the detector. | 08-04-2011 |
20110188035 | VIBRATING TIP SURFACE ENHANCED RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY - A vibrating tip surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) apparatus, system and method employ a nano-needle configured to vibrate. The apparatus includes the nano-needle with a substantially sharp tip at a free end opposite an end attached to a substrate. The tip is configured to adsorb an analyte. The apparatus further includes a vibration source configured to provide an alternating current (AC) electric field that induces a vibration of the free end and the tip of the nano-needle. Vibration of the nano-needle under the influence of the AC electric field facilitates detection of a Raman scattering signal from the analyte adsorbed on the nano-needle tip. The system further includes a synchronous detector configured to be gated cooperatively with the vibration of the nano-needle. The method includes inducing the vibration, illuminating the vibrating tip to produce a Raman signal, and detecting the Raman signal using the detector. | 08-04-2011 |
20110188119 | DYNAMICALLY VARYING AN OPTICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF A LIGHT BEAM - An apparatus for dynamically varying an optical characteristic of a light beam includes an optical element configured to receive a beam of light. The optical element includes at least one sub-wavelength grating formed of a plurality of lines. The apparatus includes at least one actuator connected to at least one component of the optical element and a controller for controlling the at least one actuator to dynamically vary a characteristic of the beam of light that is at least one of emitted through and reflected from the optical element. | 08-04-2011 |
20110188755 | PATTERN RECOGNITION USING ACTIVE MEDIA - A pattern recognition system includes an active media, an input system, and a sensing system. The active media is such that initial states respectively evolve over time to distinguishable final states. The input system establishes in the active media in an initial state corresponding to an input pattern, and the sensing system measures the media at separated locations to identify of which of the final states the media has after an evolution time. The identification of the final state indicates a feature of the input pattern. | 08-04-2011 |
20110227031 | Memristor Devices Configured to Control Bubble Formation - Various embodiments of the present invention are direct to nanoscale, reconfigurable, two-terminal memristor devices. In one aspect, a device ( | 09-22-2011 |
20110242873 | Photo-Responsive Memory Resistor and Method of Operation - An optically-controlled memory resistor, comprising (1) a memory resistor comprising a first electrode, a second electrode, and a photo-responsive active layer disposed between the first and second electrodes, and (2) a light source in cooperation with the memory resistor, the light source configured to controllably illuminate the memory resistor for affecting a resistance state exhibited by the memory resistor. Also disclosed is a method for operating a memory resistor, the method comprising changing a resistance state of the memory resistor in response to an application of a plurality of photons to the memory resistor. | 10-06-2011 |
20110261608 | Self-Repairing Memristor and Method - A self-repairing memristor ( | 10-27-2011 |
20110268910 | FLEXIBLE METAMATERIAL STRUCTURE BASED ON GRAPHENE STRUCTURES - A flexible graphene-based metamaterial structure is disclosed that can operate at above liquid helium or liquid nitrogen temperatures, up to room temperature or above in applications similar to those for which a superconductor-based material structure is used. The flexible graphene-based metamaterial structure is formed from a flexible substrate, and a plurality of two-dimensional graphene blocks disposed in an array on the flexible substrate, each graphene block having a plurality of graphene sheets. The lateral dimension of the face of the graphene blocks is dependent on the temperature of operation of the flexible metamaterial structure. The flexible graphene-based metamaterial structure can be used for cloaking, with application in magnetic shielding. | 11-03-2011 |
20110273756 | DYNAMICALLY RECONFIGURABLE HOLOGRAMS WITH CHALCOGENIDE INTERMEDIATE LAYERS - Various embodiments of the present invention relate to dynamically reconfigurable hologram comprising a phase-modulation layer and an intensity-control layer. The phase modulation layer comprises an electronically programmable erasable negative index material crossbar. The crossbar includes a first layer of approximately parallel nanowires ( | 11-10-2011 |
20110284046 | SEMICONDUCTOR HETEROSTRUCTURE THERMOELECTRIC DEVICE - A semiconductor heterostructure thermoelectric device ( | 11-24-2011 |
20120006514 | GRID HEAT SINK - A grid heat sink includes primary fins extending from a base and cross fins which intersect the primary fins and form a number of channels. A fan moves cooling air through the channels to remove heat from the primary and cross fins. In one illustrative embodiment, the grid heat sink includes a base, a plurality of intersecting fins, and a plurality of channels formed by the intersecting fins. Each of the channels accept cooling air at an input side of the grid heat sink and direct the cooling air to exit an output side of the grid heat sink. | 01-12-2012 |
20120012863 | INDIRECT-BANDGAP-SEMICONDUCTOR, LIGHT-EMITTING DIODE - An indirect-bandgap-semiconductor, light-emitting diode. The indirect-bandgap-semiconductor, light-emitting diode includes a plurality of portions including a p-doped portion of an indirect-bandgap semiconductor, an intrinsic portion of the indirect-bandgap semiconductor, and a n-doped portion of the indirect-bandgap semiconductor. The intrinsic portion is disposed between the p-doped portion and the n-doped portion and forms a p-i junction with the p-doped portion, and an i-n junction with the n-doped portion. The p-i junction and the i-n junction are configured to facilitate formation of at least one hot electron-hole plasma in the intrinsic portion when the indirect-bandgap-semiconductor, light-emitting diode is reverse biased and to facilitate luminescence produced by recombination of a hot electron with a hole. | 01-19-2012 |
20120013902 | MULTI-WAVELENGTH RAMAN LIGHT DETECTION FOR DETECTING A SPECIES - An apparatus for detecting at least one species using Raman light detection includes at least one laser source for illuminating a sample containing the at least one species. The apparatus also includes a modulating element for modulating a spatial relationship between the sample and the light beams to cause relative positions of the sample and the light beams to be oscillated, in which Raman light at differing intensity levels are configured to be emitted from the at least one species based upon the different wavelengths of the light beams illuminating the sample. The apparatus also includes a Raman light detector and a post-signal processing unit configured to detect the at least one species. | 01-19-2012 |
20120014643 | HOLOGRAPHIC MIRROR FOR OPTICAL INTERCONNECT SIGNAL ROUTING - A holographic mirror 10 for re-directing an optical signal that includes a base | 01-19-2012 |
20120025343 | THERMOELECTRIC DEVICE HAVING A VARIABLE CROSS-SECTION CONNECTING STRUCTURE - A thermoelectric device having a variable cross-section connecting structure includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a connecting structure connecting the first electrode and the second electrode. The connecting structure has a first section and a second section. The width of the second section is greater than the width of the first section, and the width of the first section is less than a width that is approximately equivalent to a phonon mean free path through the first section. | 02-02-2012 |
20120026493 | GRATING FOR MULTIPLE DISCRETE WAVELENGTHS OF RAMAN SCATTERING - Systems and methods employ a layer having a pattern that provides multiple discrete guided mode resonances for respective couplings of separated wavelengths into the layer. Further, a structure including features shaped to enhance Raman scattering to produce light of the resonant wavelengths can be employed with the patterned layer. | 02-02-2012 |
20120033204 | COVERT LABEL STRUCTURE - A covert label structure comprising a three dimensional diffracting optical element layer ( | 02-09-2012 |
20120086439 | GRAPHITE-BASED SENSOR - A graphite-based sensor includes an undoped graphite structure that adsorbs foreign atoms and molecules. A magnetization detection device includes a substrate on which the graphite structure is adhered, a current source by which a current is applied to the substrate and the graphite structure, and a voltage measuring device coupled to the substrate. When the graphite structure adsorbs the gas molecules, the graphite structure exhibits a ferromagnetic-type behavior, and a corresponding voltage generated in the magnetic detection device changes. | 04-12-2012 |
20120086542 | THERMISTOR - A thermistor includes a multi-layer graphite structure having a basal plane resistivity that increases with increasing temperature; a substrate upon which the graphite structure is mounted; current and voltage electrodes attached to the graphite structure; current and voltage wiring; and a voltage measuring device to measure voltage out when current is applied to the thermistor. | 04-12-2012 |
20120104342 | Memristive Device - A memristive device includes a first electrode, a second electrode crossing the first electrode at a non-zero angle, and an active region disposed between the first and second electrodes. The active region has a controlled defect profile throughout its thickness. | 05-03-2012 |
20120105058 | MAGNETIC FIELD SENSING - An apparatus for magnetic field sensing, the apparatus comprising a graphitic material to exhibit a change in magneto-resistance (MR) in response to a sensed magnetic field, and a circuit in communication with the graphitic material, the circuit to receive an input from the graphitic material, the input being indicative of the MR change, and generate data corresponding to an angle of incidence for the magnetic field in response to the received input. Also disclosed is a method for magnetic field sensing, the method comprising positioning a graphitic material to sense a magnetic field, the graphitic material exhibiting a change in magneto-resistance (MR) in response to the magnetic field, and generating data corresponding to an angle of incidence for the magnetic field based on the MR change. | 05-03-2012 |
20120105805 | IMAGE VIEWING SYSTEMS WITH CURVED SCREENS - This disclosure is directed to image viewing systems. In one aspect, an image viewing system includes a curved screen with a concave viewing surface, and an array of projectors. Each projector is positioned to project a different image onto the viewing surface from a different angle and the viewing surface is to reflect each image to a different viewing area with a horizontal scattering angle that defines the size of each viewing area. A viewer located in at least one viewing area is to receive a reflected image that enters one or both of the viewer's eyes when the viewer looks at the viewing surface. | 05-03-2012 |
20120105806 | IMAGE VIEWING SYSTEMS WITH AN INTEGRATED SCREEN LENS - This disclosure is directed to rear projection and front projection image viewing systems. In one aspect, an image viewing system includes a screen composed of a lens and a reflective diffuser with a microstructured surface. The system also includes an array of projectors. Each projector is to project an image onto the screen with a particular angle of incidence such that each image is to pass through the lens and is to be reflected back though the lens by the reflective diffuser with a horizontal scattering angle determined by the microstructured surface. The lens is to direct each reflected image to a particular viewing area so that a viewer located in at least one viewing area receives a reflected image that enters one or both of the viewer's eyes when the viewer looks at the screen. | 05-03-2012 |
20120112167 | NANOSCALE ELECTRONIC DEVICE - One example of the present invention is a nanoscale electronic device comprising a first conductive electrode, a second conductive electrode, and an anisotropic dielectric material layered between the first and second electrodes having a permittivity in a direction approximately that of the shortest distance between the first and second electrodes less than the permittivity in other directions within the anisotropic dielectric material. Additional examples of the present invention include integrated circuits that contain multiple nanoscale electronic devices that each includes an anisotropic dielectric material layered between first and second electrodes having a permittivity in a direction approximately that of the shortest distance between the first and second electrodes less than the permittivity in other directions within the anisotropic dielectric material. | 05-10-2012 |
20120128370 | Optical Hetrodyne Devices - An optical heterodyne device includes an optical meta-material exhibiting non-linear behavior. The optical meta-material mixes an input signal and a local signal to produce a heterodyne signal. | 05-24-2012 |
20120132880 | Memristors with Asymmetric Electrodes - Embodiments of the present invention are directed to nanoscale memristor devices that provide nonvolatile memristive switching. In one embodiment, a memristor device ( | 05-31-2012 |
20120154880 | OPTICAL MODULATORS - Various embodiments of the present invention are directed to external, electronically controllable modulators. In one embodiment, a modulating device ( | 06-21-2012 |
20120175586 | SILICON-GERMANIUM, QUANTUM-WELL, LIGHT-EMITTING DIODE - A silicon-germanium, quantum-well, light-emitting diode ( | 07-12-2012 |
20120188540 | RECONFIGURABLE SURFACE ENHANCED RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY APPARATUS, SYSTEM AND METHOD - A reconfigurable surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) apparatus, system and method employ a stimulus responsive material to move nanorods of a plurality between inactive and active configurations. The apparatus includes the plurality of nanorods and the stimulus responsive material. The system further includes a Raman signal detector. The method of reconfigurable SERS includes providing the plurality of nanorods and exposing the stimulus responsive material to a stimulus. The exposure causes a change in one or more of a size, a shape and a volume of the stimulus responsive material that moves the nanorods between the inactive and active configurations. The active configuration facilitates one or both of production and detection of a Raman scattering signal emitted by the analyte. | 07-26-2012 |
20120194812 | PHASE DETECTION OF RAMAN SCATTERED LIGHT - An apparatus for phase detection of Raman scattered light emitted from a sample includes a first polarizer positioned along a first optical path containing a first beam and a second polarizer positioned along a second optical path containing a second beam. The first polarizer and second polarizer polarize the first beam and the second beam in one of mutually perpendicular and mutually parallel first and second directions. The apparatus also includes an optical phase modulator positioned along the second optical path to controllably modulate a phase of the second beam, a beam splitter positioned to join the first beam and the second beam together, and a spectrometer to receive the joined first beam and second beam and to measure a phase shift of the first beam and the second beam. | 08-02-2012 |
20120200851 | RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY LIGHT AMPLIFYING STRUCTURE - A light amplifying structure | 08-09-2012 |
20120228500 | ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE RECEIVING ANTENNA - An electromagnetic wave receiving antenna includes a spiral element configured to selectively attenuate electromagnetic waves having a predetermined wavelength, selected wavelengths, or range of wavelengths, and to concentrate electromagnetic waves having a predetermined wavelength, selected wavelengths, or range of wavelengths other than the attenuated wavelengths. | 09-13-2012 |
20120281980 | OPTICAL SENSOR NETWORKS AND METHODS FOR FABRICATING THE SAME - Various embodiments of the present invention are directed to sensor networks and to methods for fabricating sensor networks. In one aspect, a sensor network includes a processing node ( | 11-08-2012 |
20130000688 | THERMOELECTRIC DEVICE - A thermoelectric device ( | 01-03-2013 |
20130033920 | IONIC DEVICES CONTAINING A MEMBRANE BETWEEN LAYERS - A device contains a first layer ( | 02-07-2013 |
20130037773 | IONIC DEVICES WITH INTERACTING SPECIES - An ionic device includes a layer ( | 02-14-2013 |
20130057663 | IMAGE VIEWING SYSTEMS WITH DYNAMICALLY RECONFIGURABLE SCREENS FOR THREE-DIMENSIONAL VIEWING - Various embodiments of the present invention are directed to image viewing systems. In one aspect, an image viewing system includes a projection system ( | 03-07-2013 |
20130089288 | SLOT-LINE WAVEGUIDE OPTICAL SWITCH SYSTEM AND METHOD - A slot-line waveguide optical switch system and method are disclosed. An optical switch system can include a slot-line waveguide optical switch that includes a plurality of wall portions that are each formed from a high refractive-index material and that are arranged to form a channel portion comprising an electro-optic material interposed to extend between the plurality of wall portions. The channel portion can include an input channel to receive an input optical signal and plural output channels to receive the input optical signal from the input channel. A channel switching system can provide a voltage to an electrode coupled to a corresponding wall portion to change a relative refractive index in the output channels via the electro-optic material and thereby switch the input optical signal to one of the output channels. | 04-11-2013 |
20130108207 | PROCESS POLING FOR MATERIAL CONFIGURATION | 05-02-2013 |
20130108279 | LASER COMMUNICATION SYSTEM | 05-02-2013 |
20130215495 | NANOPARTICLE WAVEGUIDE APPARATUS, SYSTEM AND METHOD - A nanoparticle waveguide apparatus, a nanoparticle waveguide photonic system and a method of photonic transmission employ a nearfield-coupled nanoparticle (NCN) waveguide to cooperatively propagate an optical signal. The nanoparticle waveguide apparatus includes a first optical waveguide adjacent to a second optical waveguide, the first optical waveguide comprising an NCN waveguide having a plurality of nanoparticles. The nanoparticle waveguide photonic system further includes a nearfield coupling (NC) modulator. The method includes providing the NCN waveguides and modulating a coupling between one or both of first and second NCN waveguides and adjacent nanoparticles within one or both of the first and second NCN waveguides. | 08-22-2013 |
20130222557 | Image display using a virtual projector array - Image viewing systems are disclosed. In one aspect, an image viewing system includes a screen ( | 08-29-2013 |
20130250420 | DYNAMIC OPTICAL CROSSBAR ARRAY - A dynamic optical crossbar array includes a first set of parallel transparent electrode lines, a bottom set of parallel electrode lines that cross said transparent electrode lines, and an optically variable material disposed between said first set of transparent electrode lines and said bottom set of electrode lines. | 09-26-2013 |
20130278929 | RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY - Apparatus, methods, and hollow metal waveguides to perform surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy are disclosed. An example apparatus includes a hollow metal waveguide to direct Raman photons from an intermediate location within a volume of the hollow metal waveguide toward a distal end of the hollow metal waveguide, and a mirror to direct incident light from a light source to the intermediate location within the volume of the hollow metal waveguide and to direct at least some of the Raman photons toward the distal end. | 10-24-2013 |
20130286388 | FIELD CONCENTRATING SURFACE ENHANCED RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY PLATFORMS - A field concentrating surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) platform includes a signal amplifying material and a pattern of apertures extending through the signal amplifying material. The pattern of apertures includes a central aperture, and a plurality of radiation capturing apertures positioned around the central aperture. Each of the radiation capturing apertures has a diameter that is larger than a diameter of the central aperture. The platform further includes a substrate that supports the signal amplifying material and a channel that extends through the substrate. The channel is at least partially aligned with the central aperture that extends through the signal amplifying material. | 10-31-2013 |
20140028995 | INTEGRATED SENSORS - Examples of integrated sensors are disclosed herein. An example of an integrated sensor includes a flexible substrate, and an array of spaced apart sensing members formed on a surface of the flexible substrate. Each of the spaced apart sensing members includes a plurality of polygon assemblies. The polygon assemblies are arranged in a controlled pattern on the surface of the flexible substrate such that each of the plurality of polygon assemblies is a predetermined distance from each other of the plurality of polygon assemblies, and each of the plurality of polygon assemblies including collapsible signal amplifying structures controllably positioned in a predetermined geometric shape. | 01-30-2014 |
20140029002 | ADJUSTABLE INTERSURFACE SPACING FOR SURFACE ENHANCED RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY - A sensor for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) sensor includes surfaces and an actuator to adjust an intersurface spacing between the surfaces to contain an analyte and allow the analyte to be released from containment. | 01-30-2014 |
20140029941 | SPATIAL MULTIPLEXING FOR OPTICAL TRANSMISSION - A system includes an optical Y-junction coupler to receive a first modulated optical signal on a wide input path of the optical Y-junction coupler and to receive a second modulated optical signal on a narrow input path of the optical Y-junction coupler, wherein the optical Y-junction coupler generates a combined optical signal from signals received on the wide input path and the narrow input path. A multimode waveguide receives the combined optical signal from the optical Y-junction coupler and propagates a spatially multiplexed optical output signal along a transmission path. | 01-30-2014 |
20140035104 | GERMANIUM ON INSULATOR APPARATUS - In an implementation, a Germanium on insulator apparatus is fabricated by forming a patterned masking layer on a Silicon on insulator (SOI) layer that leaves a portion of the SOI layer exposed, implanting Germanium onto the exposed portion of the SOI layer to form a Silicon-Germanium island, depositing amorphous Germanium over the Silicon-Germanium island and the patterned masking layer, removing the patterned masking layer and the amorphous Germanium that was deposited onto the patterned masking layer to produce a Silicon-Germanium composite stripe, and annealing the Silicon-Germanium composite stripe to crystallize the amorphous Germanium in the Silicon-Germanium composite stripe. | 02-06-2014 |
20140036262 | ELECTRONIC AND PLASMONIC ENHANCEMENT FOR SURFACE ENHANCED RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY - An apparatus for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy includes a substrate, a nanostructure and a plasmonic material. The nanostructure and the plasmonic material are integrated together to provide electronic and plasmonic enhancement to a Raman signal produced by electromagnetic radiation scattering from an analyte. | 02-06-2014 |
20140132736 | IMAGE CAPTURE USING A VIRTUAL CAMERA ARRAY - Image capturing systems are disclosed. In one aspect, an image capturing system includes an image capture device and at least two light-deflecting devices associated with the image capture device. The image capture device is capable of capturing different perspective views of objects in a scene. The at least two light-deflecting devices are positioned between the image capture device and the scene. The at least two light-deflecting devices are capable of being oriented in at least two different orientations to re-direct the path of light rays from the objects in the scene to the associated image capture device, enabling the capture of successive perspective views of the scene. | 05-15-2014 |
20140209463 | TRAVELING WAVE DIELECTROPHORESIS SENSING DEVICE - The present disclosure is drawn to traveling wave dielectrophoresis sensing devices and associated methods. In an example, a traveling wave dielectrophoresis sensing device can comprise an array of electromagnetic field enhancing nanostructures attached to the substrate, the electromagnetic field enhancing nanostructures including a metal; a plurality of conductive element electrically associated with the electromagnetic field enhancing nanostructures; and a controller for applying alternating and out of phase potential to the plurality of conductive elements to form traveling wave dielectrophoretic forces within the array. | 07-31-2014 |
20140211199 | MULTIPLE CONCURRENT SPECTRAL ANALYSES - According to an example, apparatuses for performing multiple concurrent spectral analyses on a sample under test include an optical system to concurrently direct a plurality of light beams onto analytes at multiple locations on the sample under test, in which the plurality of light beams cause light in either or both of a Raman spectra and a non-Raman spectra to be emitted from the analytes at the multiple locations of the sample under test. The apparatuses also include a detector to concurrently acquire a plurality of spectral measurements of the light emitted from the analytes at the multiple locations of the sample under test. Example methods of performing spectral analysis include use of the apparatuses. | 07-31-2014 |
20140268128 | Self-Exciting Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy - Self-exciting surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) employs an integral optical excitation source to provide an excitation signal to provide self-excitation of a SERS structure. The SERS structure includes a plurality of nanofingers having SERS-enhancing nanoparticles disposed adjacent to the nanofingers. | 09-18-2014 |
20150065390 | INTEGRATED SENSORS - Examples of integrated sensors are disclosed herein. An example of an integrated sensor includes a substrate and a sensing member formed on a surface of the substrate. The sensing member includes collapsible signal amplifying structures and an area surrounding the collapsible signal amplifying structures that enables self-positioning of droplets exposed thereto toward the collapsible signal amplifying structures. | 03-05-2015 |