43rd week of 2014 patent applcation highlights part 53 |
Patent application number | Title | Published |
20140316058 | Elastomer Composite with Silica-Containing Filler and Methods to Produce Same - An elastomer composite with silica-containing filler is described, along with methods to make the same. The advantages achieved with the elastomer composite and methods are further described. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316059 | MOISTURE CURABLE ORGANOPOLYSILOXANE COMPOSITIONS - The present invention provides curable compositions comprising non-Sn organo-metal catalysts that accelerate the condensation curing of moisture curable silicones/non-silicones. In particular, the present invention provides La(III) complexes that are particularly suitable as replacements for organotin for sealant and RTV formulations. The La(III) complexes are comparable to organotin such as DBTDL and exhibit certain behavior in the presence of components that allow for tuning or adjusting the cure characteristics of the present compositions and provide good adhesion and storage stability. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316060 | Polymers Comprising Photoinitiator Moieties and Dye Moieties - The invention relates to a polymer (P) comprising at least one photoinitiator moiety (PI) and at least one dye moiety (DYE), wherein said at least one photoinitiator moiety (PI) and at least one dye moiety (DYE) are covalently linked to said polymer (P). Additionally, the invention relates to said polymer (P) being end-functionalized with optionally substituted acryloyi groups. The fact that both of these moieties are tightly bonded within the polymer, and the cross-linked polymer, means that the opportunities for leaching/migration of these components is reduced or even eliminated. Inks comprising at least one of said polymers are also provided. Methods for the manufacture of the polymers, and for printing are provided. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316061 | AQUEOUS INK-JET INKS CONTAINING BRANCHED POLYURETHANES AS BINDERS - The present disclosure provides novel aqueous ink jet inks containing an aqueous vehicle, a pigment and a branched polyurethane as a binder. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316062 | POLYAMIDE CONTAINING MONOMER UNITS OF 1,4-BUTYLENE DIAMINE - A process for the production of a polyamide containing monomeric units of 1,4-butylene diamine, an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having 6-12 carbon atoms and a fatty acid based dicarboxylic acid and/or diamine derived there from, which process comprises the steps of: a) making an aquous salt mixture containing 1,4-butylene diamine, the aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having 6-12 carbon atoms and the fatty acid based dicarboxylic acid and/or diamine derived there from, the mixture containing less than 50 wt % water and distilling the mixture to less than 15 wt % of water at a pressure of less than 16 barg, while keeping the mixture at a temperature high enough to keep it liquid, b) starting the polymerization of the mixture obtained in step a) by increasing the temperature until to at least 180° C. until at least 80% of the reactive groups has been converted, c) optionally supplying further 1,4-butylene diamine, an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having 6-12 carbon atoms and a fatty acid based dicarboxylic acid and/or diamine derived there from to the reaction mixture. The invention further relates to the polyamides obtained, a composition comprising the polyamide and the shaped articles made out of the composition. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316063 | THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITE MATERIAL REINFORCED WITH SYNTHETIC FIBERS AND MANUFACTURING PROCESS - A method for producing a composite material, including an assembly of one or a plurality of synthetic reinforcement fibres, impregnated with at least one thermoplastic polymer having a vitreous transition temperature Tg greater than or equal to 80° C. including: i) a step of impregnating said assembly with a precursor composition in the molten state and including: a) at least one prepolymer P(X)n of said thermoplastic polymer, including a molecular chain P having, at the ends n thereof, identical reactive functions X, said prepolymer having a semi-aromatic and/or semi-cycloaliphatic structure, b) at least one chain extender including two identical functions Y, which are reactive with at least one of said functions X; ii) a step of polymerisation by mass (poly)addition, in the molten state, of said prepolymer with said chain extender, with said thermoplastic polymer of the thermoplastic matrix being the result of said polymerisation by mass polyaddition. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316064 | Process For Preparing Silicone Emulsions - The present disclosure provides a process for preparing silicone emulsions via suspension polymerization techniques that are faster and/or provide higher molecular weight organopolysiloxanes than conventional techniques. The process involves combining a) an emulsifier, b) a silanol functional organopolysiloxane, c) a polymerization catalyst, and water to form a mixture, shearing the mixture to form an emulsion having a dispersed phase of the organopolysiloxane, reacting the emulsion in a closed system having a pressure greater than 1 MPa to polymerize the organopolysiloxane. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316065 | Non-Porous Thermoformable Polyurethane Solid - The subject disclosure presents systems and methods for manufacturing a non-porous thermoformable polyurethane solid by combining an uncured polyurethane resin with Aluminum Trihydrate (ATH), a plurality of particulates, molecular sieves, and color particulates. This combination is mixed in a vacuum for a time period sufficient to initiate an exothermic reaction within the mixture. After the time period, the exothermically reacting mixture is allowed to cure to form the polyurethane solid. The curing may occur in a mold, i.e. by pouring or injecting the mixture into the mold. Alternatively, the mixture may be sprayed on to a surface and allowed to cure. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316066 | Method and System for Producing Polyester - Provided are a polyester production apparatus and a method, which can rapidly exhaust water produced by the dehydration condensation reaction, from the reaction system. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316067 | METHOD FOR PREPARATION OF POLYESTER/POLYOLEFIN HOT-MELT ADHESIVE FOR USE IN A SOLAR CELL BUS BAR - A method of preparing a polyester/polyolefin hot-melt adhesive for use in a solar cell bus bar is disclosed, in which 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid and ethylene glycol are first sequentially subjected in a predetermined ratio to esterification and polycondensation in the presence of a certain amount of a titanium-based catalyst to result in a polyethylene naphthalate (PNT) with a weight-average molecular weight of 16,000˜20,000. The PNT is then melt-blended with a low-density polyethylene (LDPE) in the presence of a compatibilizer to produce the hot-melt adhesive that can be shaped into films having a high light transmittance, good mechanical properties, high heat and yellowing resistance and thus particularly suitable for use in solar cell bus bars. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316068 | BIMODAL TOUGHENING AGENTS FOR THERMOSETTABLE EPOXY RESIN COMPOSITIONS - A bimodal toughening agent comprising a) a first preformed coreshell toughening agent and b) a second preformed coreshell toughening agent wherein the second preformed coreshell toughening agent has a particle size of at least two times larger than that of the first preformed coreshell toughening agent, and the use of the bimodal toughening agent in a thermosettable epoxy resin composition, is disclosed. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316069 | PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF HETEROPHASIC PROPYLENE POLYMER COMPOSITIONS - A process for the preparation of propylene polymer compositions comprising from 50 to 90% by weight of a propylene (co)polymer fraction insoluble in xylene at 25° C., and from 10 to 50% by weight of an ethylene copolymer fraction soluble in xylene at 25° C., said process comprising:
| 2014-10-23 |
20140316070 | PROPYLENE COPOLYMER FOR INJECTION MOLDED ARTICLES OR FILMS - Propylene copolymer having a melt flow rate MFR | 2014-10-23 |
20140316071 | METHOD OF ACCELERATING METHANOL CARBONYLATION - According to a method for producing acetic acid by carbonylation of methanol characterized in that an acid having an acid dissociation constant (pK | 2014-10-23 |
20140316072 | GRAFT POLYMERS HAVING OLIGOALKYLENIMINE SIDE CHAINS, PROCESS FOR THEIR PREPARATION AND THEIR USE - Graft polymers whose grafting base is selected from the group consisting of polymers having vinylamine units, polyamines, polyamidoamines and polymers of ethylenically unsaturated acids and which comprise exclusively oligoalkylenimine side chains as side chains, process for the preparation of graft polymers having oligoalkylenimine side chains, at least one oligoalkylenimine which comprises a terminal aziridine group being grafted onto one of said grafting bases, and the use of the graft polymers thus obtainable as process chemicals in the production of paper, as antimicrobial coating materials, as builders in detergents and for the treatment of metal surfaces. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316073 | POLYMERIC COMPOSITION WITH ELECTROACTIVE CHARACTERISTICS - A polymeric composition that includes at least one polymer and an effective amount of a nanoparticulate component. The nanoparticulate component is at least one of inorganic functional nanoparticulate compounds and graphene in which the nanoparticulate component is associated with the polymer. The polymer disclosed herein can have electromagnetic activity. The resulting polymeric composition exhibit a measurable electrical conductivity (σ) range of 10 | 2014-10-23 |
20140316074 | POLYAMIC ACID POLYMER COMPOSITE AND PREPARATION METHOD THEREOF - The present invention relates to a polyamic acid polymer composite and a method for producing the same, and more specifically, a polyamic acid polymer composite, which can be applied to display substrate production due to its high transparency and low thermal expansion of glass-level, and a method for producing same. The polyamic acid polymer composite comprises 50 to 99 wt % of a polyamic acid polymer having a repeating unit of Chemical Formula 1; and 1 to 50 wt % of a silica-based particle: | 2014-10-23 |
20140316075 | Linear Silicone Block Copolymer and Method of Making the Same - The present disclosure provides a composition comprising a linear silicone block copolymer of Formula (IV) wherein R is a hydrogen or a C | 2014-10-23 |
20140316076 | ISOCYANATE-FUNCTIONAL PREPOLYMER FOR A BIOLOGICALLY DEGRADABLE FABRIC ADHESIVE - The present invention relates to an isocyanate functional prepolymer that can be achieved through
| 2014-10-23 |
20140316077 | METHOD FOR CONTINUOUS PRODUCTION OF POLYCARBONATE-POLYORGANOSILOXANE COPOLYMER - The present invention provides a method for producing a polycarbonate-polyorganosiloxane copolymer economically and stably, in particular, the present invention is concerned with a method for continuous production of a polycarbonate-polyorganosiloxane copolymer including (A) a step of withdrawing a polymerization reaction solution obtained by polymerizing a dihydric phenol compound, a carbonate precursor, and a polyorganosiloxane in the presence of an alkaline compound aqueous solution and a water-insoluble organic solvent continuously or intermittently from a reactor; (B) a step of separating the polymerization reaction solution withdrawn in the step (A) into an aqueous phase and a water-insoluble organic solvent phase; and (C) a step of after washing the water-insoluble organic solvent phase separated in the step (B) with an acidic aqueous solution, separating the resultant into an aqueous phase and a water-insoluble organic solvent phase, wherein the content of the polycarbonate-polyorganosiloxane copolymer in the aqueous phase separated in the step (C) is controlled to not more than 2% by mass, and a part or the whole of an extract obtained by extracting the aqueous phase separated in the step (C) with a water-insoluble organic solvent is reused for the step (A). | 2014-10-23 |
20140316078 | UNSATURATED POLYCARBONATE DIOL, PROCEDURE TO OBTAIN SUCH POLYCARBONATE DIOL AND ITS USE - An unsaturated polycarbonate diol (A) comprising terminal hydroxyl groups, at least one repeating unit of formula (Ia) and at least one repeating unit selected from units of formula (Ib) and units of formula (II), wherein R | 2014-10-23 |
20140316079 | Cross-Linked Organic Polymers For Use as Elastomers in High Temperature Applications - Methods are disclosed to prepare elastomeric materials by providing aromatic polymer(s) which is/are non-elastomeric at room temperature; cross-linking the aromatic polymer using a cross-linking compound to form a cross-linked aromatic polymer which is substantially cured; and heating the cross-linked aromatic polymer to a temperature at or above a glass transition temperature of the cross-linked aromatic polymer. Materials formed thereby and end products are also described which may be formed using the aromatic polymer cross-linking techniques to develop strong elastomeric materials for high temperature and/or harsh condition end applications. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316080 | HARDENERS FOR EPOXY RESINS, WHICH COMPRISE PYRIDINYL GROUPS - The present invention relates to hardeners for epoxy resins, which contain secondary amino groups having pyridinyl groups. They harden surprisingly quickly together with epoxy resins even under cold and humid conditions and without producing blushing to give films with a high degree of hardness, the highest degrees of hardness being obtained with a surprisingly low amount of hardener required. They are especially suitable for low-emission coatings with high resistance requirements. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316081 | CATIONICALLY CURABLE RESIN COMPOSITION FOR ASSEMBLING HARD DISK DEVICES - The present invention provides a cationically curable resin composition for assembling hard disk devices which comprises a resin having a cationically polymerizable functional group (a component A) and a cationic polymerization initiator (a component B), the component B being at least one selected from the group consisting of X | 2014-10-23 |
20140316082 | PROCESS FOR PREPARING OLEFIN POLYMER BY SLURRY LOOP POLYMERIZATION HAVING HIGH POWDER DENSITY - The instant invention pertains to a process for preparing an ethylene homo- or copolymer in the presence of a supported chromium catalyst by slurry loop polymerization or copolymerization, whereby the resulting polymer powder has an increased powder density, in which the supported chromium catalyst has a chromium content of from 0.01 to 5 wt.-%, based on the element in the finished catalyst, and shows a particle size distribution measured according to ISO 13320-2009 comprising two main fractions one of which having a d | 2014-10-23 |
20140316083 | PRE-POLYMERIZED CATALYST COMPONENTS FOR THE POLYMERIZATION OF OLEFINS - A pre-polymerized catalyst component for the polymerization of olefins endowed with high activity and morphological stability comprises a non-stereospecific solid catalyst component containing Ti, Mg and a halogen, and an amount of an ethylene/alpha-olefin block (co)polymer ranging from 0.1 up to 5 g per g of said solid catalyst component, said prepolymerized catalyst component being characterized by a mercury porosity, due to pores having radius up to 1 μm, ranging from 0.15 to 0.5 cm | 2014-10-23 |
20140316084 | CATALYST SYSTEM FOR POLYMERIZATION OF PROPYLENE - The present invention relates to a catalyst system for polymerization of propylene, process for preparing polypropylene and to polypropylene prepared by said process. The dual external donor composition of present invention has synergistic effects. It improves the efficiency of polymerization process and product properties for homo grade of polypropylene. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316085 | Process of Producing Polyolefins Using Metallocene Polymerization Catalysts and Copolymers Therefrom - An ethylene copolymer, a Group 4 transition metal catalyst compound, and methods for polymerization using such a compound, said compound represented by the formula: (L) | 2014-10-23 |
20140316086 | NICKEL-BASED CATALYST COMPOSITION - In general the present invention provides a process for forming conjugated diene polymer, the process comprising the step of polymerizing conjugated diene monomer in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a catalyst composition formed by combining (a) a nickel-containing compound, (b) an alkylating agent, (c) a fluorine-containing compound, (d) a carboxylic acid, and (e) an alcohol. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316087 | CATALYST COMPOSITION AND PROCESS FOR ETHYLENE OLIGOMERIZATION - The present disclosure provides a catalyst composition for ethylene oligomerization including an imino ferrous complex shown in Formula (I) as the main catalyst, an aluminum-containing cocatalyst, water, and an organic solvent: | 2014-10-23 |
20140316088 | METATHESIS CATALYSTS AND METHODS THEREOF - The present invention provides, among other things, novel compounds and methods for metathesis reactions. In some embodiments, a provided compound has the structure of formula I or II. In some embodiments, the present invention provides compounds and methods for Z-selective olefin metathesis. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316089 | Pyridyldiamide Metal Catalysts and Processes to Produce Polyolefins - Disclosed are new classes of pyridyldiamide catalyst components useful in olefin polymerization, an example of which includes: | 2014-10-23 |
20140316090 | METHOD FOR PRODUCING METHACRYLIC RESIN FOR OPTICAL FILM - The present invention can provide a methacrylic resin which has excellent transparency and color and less defects such as fish eyes and thus suitable for optical films by adding (A) a polymeric dispersant represented by formula (1) below and (B) an inorganic salt and/or organic salt selected from alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts and ammonium salts when methyl methacrylate alone or a monomer mixture containing methyl methacrylate as one component is subjected to suspension-polymerization: | 2014-10-23 |
20140316091 | ETHYLENE-ALPHA-OLEFIN-NONCONJUGATED POLYENE COPOLYMER - Provided is an ethylene-α-olefin-nonconjugated polyene copolymer having ethylene units, α-olefin units and nonconjugated polyene units, wherein the copolymer satisfies the following requirements: (A): the intrinsic viscosity [η] is 0.5 to 1.8 dl/g, (B): the content of ethylene units is 50 to 90 mol % and the content of α-olefin units is 50 to 10 mol % where the sum total of the contents of ethylene units and α-olefin units is taken as 100 mol %, (C): the iodine value is 1 to 50, (D): the ratio of tan δ taken at 100° C. and 2 cpm to tan δ taken at 100° C. and 1000 cpm is from 1.0 to 1.7, and (E): the ratio of the Z-average molecular weight to the number average molecular weight is from 15 to 25 and the weight average molecular weight to the number average molecular weight is from 3 to 5. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316092 | AMPHIPHILIC MACROMOLECULE AND USE THEREOF - The present invention provides an amphiphilic macromolecule and the use thereof. The amphiphilic macromolecules have repeating structural units: structural units to adjust molecular weight and molecular weight distribution and charging property effects, high stereo-hindrance structural units, and amphiphilic structural units, which are suitable for fields such as oil field well drilling, well cementation, fracturing, oil gathering and transfer, sewage treatment, sludge treatment and papermaking, etc., and can be used as an oil-displacing agent for enhanced oil production, a heavy oil viscosity reducer, a fracturing fluid, a clay stabilizing agent, a sewage treatment agent, a papermaking retention and drainage aid or a reinforcing agent, etc. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316093 | POLYMER AND SOLAR CELL ENCAPSULANT USING THE POLYMER - Provided is a polymer from which an encapsulant excellent in weather resistance and processability can be obtained when being used for an encapsulant for a solar cell. The polymer that has a main chain comprising repeating units represented by formula (1) and repeating units represented by formula (2) and satisfies requirements (a1), (a2), and (a3), | 2014-10-23 |
20140316094 | LOW DENSITY ETHYLENE-BASED POLYMERS WITH BROAD MOLECULAR WEIGHT DISTRIBUTIONS AND LOW EXTRACTABLES - The invention provides an ethylene-based polymer comprising the following properties: a) a melt index (12)>2.0 dg/min; b) a Mw(abs) versus 12 relationship: Mw(abs) | 2014-10-23 |
20140316095 | VINYL CHLORIDE LATEX WITH LOW ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND METHOD FOR PREPARING THE SAME - Disclosed is a polyvinyl chloride resin latex which is prepared by polymerization using a decreased amount of polymerization water in an early polymerization stage and then additional polymerization water in a late polymerization stage, so that the polyvinyl chloride resin latex has an increased solid content and a decreased water content and thus finally remarkably reduces energy consumption in a spray drying process. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316096 | LOW DENSITY ETHYLENE-BASED POLYMERS WITH EXTRACTS AT LOWER MOLECULAR WEIGHTS - The invention provides an ethylene-based polymer comprising the following properties: A) a “weight fraction (w) of molecular weight greater than 106 g/mole, based on the total weight of polymer, and as determined by GPC(abs),” that meets the following relationship: w | 2014-10-23 |
20140316097 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR RECOVERING LACTIDE FROM POLYLACTIDE OR GLYCOLIDE FROM POLYGLYCOLIDE - The present invention relates to a process for recovering lactide from polylactide (PLA) or glycolide from polyglycolide (PGA), in which, in a first step, PLA or PGA is contacted with a hydrolysing medium and hydrolytically degraded to oligomers. In a further step, a cyclising depolymerisation of the oligomers obtained in the first step is effected to give lactide or glycolide. In addition, the present invention relates to an apparatus based on the combination of a hydrolysis apparatus with a depolymerisation reactor, with which the above-described process can be performed. The core of the process according to the invention is a partial hydrolysis of the polymeric materials originally used in combination with a cyclising depolymerisation. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316098 | Process for Producing Phenol - In a process for producing phenol, a composition comprising an alkylaromatic compound is contacted with an oxygen-containing stream in the presence of an oxidation catalyst comprising a cyclic imide under oxidation conditions effective to oxidize 15 wt % or less of the alkylaromatic compound based upon the total weight of the composition and produce an oxidation product comprising unreacted alkylaromatic compound and alkylaromatic hydroperoxide in a molar ratio of 6:1 to 100:1. Thereafter, at least a portion of the oxidation product is contacted with an acidic molecular sieve catalyst under cleavage conditions effective to convert at least a portion of the alkylaromatic hydroperoxide into phenol and cyclohexanone. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316099 | HYDROXY ESTER RESINS - A hydroxy ester resin composition such as a vinyl ester resin including the reaction product of (a) divinylarene dioxide resin; and (b) at least one ring opening reactant such as at least one monocarboxylic acid for example (meth)acrylic acid, in the presence of (c) at least one non-gelling catalyst such as a Lewis acid catalyst; a process for making the hydroxy ester resin composition; a curable hydroxy ester resin composition such as a curable resin composition made from the hydroxy ester resin composition; a process for curing the curable hydroxy ester resin composition; and a cured product made from the curable hydroxy ester resin composition. The cured product made from the above hydroxy ester resin composition is thermally stable and offers improved properties such as a lower viscosity and a high heat resistance compared to known cured products prepared from known epoxy resins. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316100 | METHOD FOR PREPARING POLYMETHYLENE POLYPHENYL POLYCARBAMATE - A method for preparing polymethylene polyphenyl polycarbamate is provided, which is carried out through the condensation of phenylcarbamate with a methylating reagent under the catalyzation of a phase transfer acid catalyst. The method comprises: dissolving phenylcarbamate in a water-immiscible organic solvent to form a solution A; formulating an aqueous acid catalyst solution to fibrin a solution B; forming a reaction system comprising an organic phase and an aqueous phase by firstly adding a methylating reagent to the solution B and then mixing the solution A and the solution B or by adding the methylating reagent at the same time of mixing the solution A and the solution B or after mixing the solution A and the solution B; reacting the reaction system under stirring at a reaction temperature of 30° C. to 200° C. and a reaction pressure of 0.05 MPa to 5 MPa; and separating a polymethylene polyphenyl polycarbamate product mixture by allowing the organic phase and the aqueous phase to stand still and stratify. The method can realize the high selectivity and yield of the product and is easy to separate the product. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316101 | ONE-POT SYNTHESIS OF SIBNC PRECERAMIC POLYMER - The present invention relates to a one-pot synthesis for an SiBNC preceramic polymer. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316102 | METHOD OF PREDICTING VISCOSITY BEHAVIOR OF THERMOSETTING RESIN, SIMULATION SOFTWARE, METHOD OF PRODUCING THERMOSETTING RESIN, AND UNDERFILL PRODUCED IN THE PRODUCTION METHOD - A method of predicting viscosity behavior of a thermosetting resin is provided that is capable of predicting viscosity behavior of a thermosetting resin and void generation in the underfill is suppressed while good solder connection is obtained. The method includes: measuring a reaction rate and measuring viscosity behavior to measure a calorimetry peak and viscosity behavior of the thermosetting resin with three or more rates of temperature increase respectively; fitting a reaction rate to fit measurement data with each rate of temperature increase obtained by the measuring a reaction rate to a Kamal model formula to obtain fitting curves; fitting viscosity behavior to fit parameters in the Kamal model formula and the measurement data for each rate of temperature increase obtained by the measuring viscosity behavior to a Castro-Macosko model formula to obtain fitting curves; and calculating virtual viscosity behavior to calculate virtual viscosity behavior of the thermosetting resin at the arbitrary rate of temperature increase by simulation based on each fitting curve for each rate of temperature increase obtained by the fitting viscosity behavior. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316103 | INSULATING MATERIAL USING EPOXY RESIN COMPOSITION - An insulating material obtained by using an epoxy resin composition comprising, as an epoxy resin curing agent, a polycondensation-type aryloxysilane compound contained in an amount of 50 to 100 wt %, having a hydroxyl group equivalent in a range of 1,000 to 8,000 g/eq, and an epoxy resin having an epoxy equivalent of 200 to 500, wherein a thermally cured product obtained by curing this epoxy resin composition at a temperature of 180° C. or lower, shows a dielectric constant and a dielectric loss tangent of 3.00 or smaller and 0.015 or smaller, respectively, at 1 GHz under normal temperature. The insulating material using the epoxy resin composition can exhibit both excellent dielectric properties and practical characteristics, and is suitable for an interlayer insulating material of a multilayer printed circuit board. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316104 | CYCLOSPORIN DERIVATIVES - The present invention relates to novel cyclosporin derivatives that do not cross the cellular membrane. The compounds according to the invention are used in medicine, more particularly in the treatment/diagnosis of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases, viral infections, cancer, degenerative muscle diseases, neurodegenerative diseases and damage that is associated with calcium homeostasis impairment. The novel cyclosporin derivatives additionally have no immunosuppressive effect. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316105 | METHOD FOR MODIFICATION OF ORGANIC MOLECULES - The present invention is directed to a method of alkylating a thiol group (R—S—H) or seleno group (R—Se—H) in a target molecule wherein the method comprises: reacting a target molecule comprising at least one thiol group with a compound of formula (I) or (II): wherein R is an acetyl group or any other acyl group or is a group comprising any one of: or wherein R in formula (II) can also be an alkyl group; and wherein R′ is selected from a group consisting of a hydrogen, a methyl group and an ethyl group. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316106 | INTEGRIN-BLOCKING POLYPEPTIDES AND USES THEREOF - A series of integrin blockers that present strong angiogenesis inhibiting performance, high integrin affinity and integrin-bonding capacity is provided. This series of integrin blockers can be adopted in treatment of solid tumors and rheumatoid arthritis. Specifically, said series of integrin blockers include polypeptide I, polypeptide II and polypeptide III (see SEQ ID NO. 1, SEQ ID NO. 2 and SEQ ID NO. 3) that can be adopted in treatment of solid tumors and rheumatoid arthritis. This invention also relates to application of these three integrin-blocking polypeptides in preparation of anti-tumor drugs, wherein the tumors that can be treated include those primary or secondary cancers originated from head and neck region or other organs such as brain, thyroid, esophagus, pancreas, lung, liver, stomach, breast, kidney, gallbladder, colon, rectum, ovary, cervix, uterus, prostate, bladder and testicle, as well as melanoma and sarcomas. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316107 | CYCLIN BASED INHIBITORS OF CDK2 AND CDK4 - Structural and functional analysis of peptide inhibitor binding to the cyclin D1 groove has been investigated and used to design peptides that provide the basis for structure-activity relationships, have improved binding and have potential for development as chemical biology probes, as potential diagnostics and as therapeutics in the treatment of proliferative diseases including cancer and inflammation. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316108 | Protein Chromatography Matrices with Hydrophilic Copolymer Coatings - A coating of a random copolymer of acrylamide and a second monomer, e.g. glycidoxylmethacrylate, for a silica surface is described. The coating is applied to chromatographic support structures having silica based surfaces. The coating is functionalized to produce protein chromatography matrices that are particularly useful for extracting trace amounts of biomarker molecules from biological samples. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316109 | ACTIVATED COLLAGEN SCAFFOLD MATERIALS AND THEIR SPECIAL FUSED ACTIVE RESTORATION FACTORS - Provided are activated collagen scaffold materials as well as their special fused active restoration factors useful for promoting tissue repair, such as bone damage repair or nerve injury repair. The special fused active restoration factors are fusion proteins comprising a collagen-binding domain (CBD) at N-/C-terminus of cytokines, wherein the collagen-binding domain is a polypeptide consisting of 7-27 amino acid residues with a conservative sequence shown in SEQ ID NO:12 at N-terminus | 2014-10-23 |
20140316110 | Chemical Reagents for the Activation of Polysaccharides in the Preparation of Conjugate Vaccines - This invention provides novel reagents for cyanating polysaccharides in aqueous or part aqueous solutions so that they may be covalently linked to proteins either directly or through a spacer. These reagents include 1-cyano-4-pyrrolidinopyridinium tetrafluoroborate (CPPT), 1-cyano-imidazole (1-CI), 1-cyanobenzotriazole (1-CBT), or 2-cyanopyridazine-3(2H)one (2-CPO), or a functional derivative or modification thereof. The examples illustrate the use of these reagents with a variety of polysaccharides and proteins showing that the methods are generally applicable. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316111 | Chemical Reagents for the Activation of Polysaccharides in the Preparation of Conjugate Vaccines - This invention provides novel reagents for cyanating polysaccharides in aqueous or part aqueous solutions so that they may be covalently linked to proteins either directly or through a spacer. These reagents include 1-cyano-4-pyrrolidinopyridinium tetrafluoroborate (CPPT), 1-cyanoimidazole (1-CI), 1-cyanobenzotriazole (1-CBT), or 2-cyanopyridazine-3(2H)one (2-CPO), or a functional derivative or modification thereof. The examples illustrate the use of these reagents with a variety of polysaccharides and proteins showing that the methods are generally applicable. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316112 | METHOD OF INCREASING THE HYDRODYNAMIC VOLUME OF POLYPEPTIDES BY ATTACHING TO GONADOTROPHIN CARBOXY TERMINAL PEPTIDES - This invention is directed to the use of a chorionic gonadotrophin carboxy terminal peptide (CTP) or fragments thereof for modifying a polypeptide or a fragment thereof in order to increase the hydrodynamic volume of the polypeptide or fragment thereof. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316113 | METHOD FOR THE HUMANIZATION OF ANTIBODIES AND HUMANIZED ANTIBODIES THEREBY OBTAINED - Method for the humanization of the VH and VL variable regions of an animal antibody of known sequence, humanized animal antibody obtainable according to the method, in particular anti-NGF and anti-TrkA humanized animal antibodies. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316114 | METHOD FOR PREPARING ACTIVE FORM OF TNFR-FC FUSION PROTEIN - The present invention relates to a method for separating and preparing a TNFR-Fc fusion protein using hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC). More particularly, the present invention relates to a method for separating and preparing a highly pure active protein from clipped proteins due to displacement effect by adjusting the conductivity of a protein sample using a high concentration of salt solution and by adjusting a loading amount thereof, and a TNFR-Fc fusion protein prepared by the method. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316115 | METHOD OF ANTIBODY PURIFICATION - The present invention relates to a method for preparing a population of antibodies to have high purity and high quality by removing antibody isoforms and impurities through the use of a cation exchange column, a hydrophobic interaction column, and an anion exchange column successively, without using a protein A column; and to a population of antibodies prepared by the above method. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316116 | METHODS FOR SCREENING FOR BINDING PARTNERS OF G-PROTEIN COUPLED RECEPTORS - A method of producing a conformational specific binding partner of a GPCR, the method comprising: a) providing a mutant GPCR of a parent GPCR, wherein the mutant GPCR has increased stability in a particular conformation relative to the parent GPCR; b) providing a test compound; c) determining whether the test compound binds to the mutant GPCR when residing in a particular conformation; and d) isolating a test compound that binds to the mutant GPCR when residing in the particular formation. Methods of producing GPCRs with increased stability relative to a parent GPCR are also disclosed. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316117 | POLYMERS AND PLASTICS DERIVED FROM ANIMAL PROTEINS - The invention is directed to a method for preparing a polymer derived from an animal protein, such as in a feedstock derived from animal by-products. The method involves hydrolyzing proteins present in a feedstock to obtain hydrolyzed proteins, wherein hydrolysis is conducted under conditions sufficient to digest the proteins and destroy pathogens; extracting a protein fraction from the hydrolyzed proteins; and treating the protein fraction with a crosslinking reagent to form the polymer. The crosslinking reagents may include epoxies. The polymer may be further processed to form a thermoset plastic. The polymer may be used as an adhesive, or in the preparation of a natural fiber composite material. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316118 | DARK QUENCHERS FOR DONOR-ACCEPTOR ENERGY TRANSFER - The present invention provides a family of dark quenchers, termed Black Hole Quenchers (“BHQs”), that are efficient quenchers of excited state energy but which are themselves substantially non-fluorescent. Also provided are methods of using the BHQs, probes incorporating the BHQs and methods of using the probes. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316119 | COMPOSITION FOR IMPROVING BIOMETABOLISM PARAMETER - A composition for improving biometabolism parameters is provided. The composition contains D-psicose as an active ingredient, and is continuously ingested in a dose of 5 g or more per intake in terms of D-psicose to lower biometabolism parameters represented by a uric acid level and/or a liver function indicator component level. γ-GTP showed a significant decrease after 4 weeks from 15-g ingestion. γ-GTP and ALP showed a significant decrease after 4 weeks and 2 weeks, respectively, from the ingestion of D-psicose continuously administered three times each day in a dose of 5 g or more per intake. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316120 | HAIR GROWTH AND HAIR RESTORATION MATERIAL - Provided is a novel hair growth and hair restoration material having excellent efficacy in hair growth and hair restoration for both men and women, even when the components thereof are at ultra-dilute concentrations; the hair growth and hair restoration material being characterized in containing a steryl glucopyranoside, preferably a cholesteryl glucopyranoside, represented by general formula (I). (In the formula, Z represents a sterol residue from which the hydroxyl group attached to the 3-position of a cyclopentanohydrophenanthrene ring has been removed.) | 2014-10-23 |
20140316121 | METHODS AND COMPOUNDS USEFUL IN CONDITIONS RELATED TO REPEAT EXPANSION - Described are compounds and methods useful for the treatment and investigation of diseases and disorders associated with expanded repeat-containing RNA molecules. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316122 | HEPATITIS B VIRUS VACCINES - This document provides methods and materials for producing immune responses against hepatitis B viruses. For example, polypeptides, nucleic acid molecules encoding such polypeptides, virus-like particles containing such polypeptides, vaccine preparations containing one or more polypeptides provided herein, vaccine preparations containing one or more nucleic acid molecules provided herein, vaccine preparations containing one or more virus-like particles provided herein, and methods for inducing immune responses against hepatitis B viruses within mammals (e.g., humans) are provided. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316123 | ENA NUCLEIC ACID PHARMACEUTICALS CAPABLE OF MODIFYING SPLICING OF mRNA PRECURSORS - Oligonucleotides having a nucleotide sequence complementary to nucleotide numbers such as 2571-2607, 2578-2592, 2571-2592, 2573-2592, 2578-2596, 2578-2601 or 2575-2592 of the dystrophin cDNA (Gene Bank accession No. NM_004006.1) and therapeutic agents for muscular dystrophy comprising such oligonucleotides. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316124 | MODIDIFED iRNA AGENTS - The invention relates to iRNA agents, which preferably include a monomer in which the ribose moiety has been replaced by a moiety other than ribose. The inclusion of such a monomer can allow for modulation of a property of the iRNA agent into which it is incorporated, e.g., by using the non-ribose moiety as a point to which a ligand or other entity, e.g., a lipophilic moiety. e.g., cholesterol, is directly, or indirectly, tethered. The invention also relates to methods of making and using such modified iRNA agents. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316125 | TRUNCATED CD20 PROTEIN, DELTACD20 - Isolated nucleic acid sequence encoding the CD20 gene comprising SEQ ID NO: 5, recombinant vector comprising a nucleic acid sequence placed under the control of one or a plurality of elements required for the expression thereof in a host cell, and method for improving the efficacy of a treatment comprising using a nucleic acid sequence comprising SEQ ID NO: 5. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316126 | RNA MOLECULES AND USES THEREOF - The invention relates to a method of designing a short RNA molecule to increase the expression of a target gene in a cell through the down-regulation of a non-coding RNA transcript, said method comprising the steps of: a) obtaining the nucleotide sequence of the coding strand of the target gene, at least between 200 nucleotides upstream of the gene's transcription start site and 200 nucleotides downstream of the gene's transcription start site; b) determining the reverse complementary RNA sequence to the nucleotide sequence determined in step a); and c) designing a short RNA molecule which is the reverse complement or has at least 80% sequence identity with the reverse complement of a region of the sequence determined in step b); wherein said method does not include a step in which the existence of said non-coding RNA transcript is determined; and to such short RNA molecules and uses thereof. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316127 | PHOSPHONATE NUCLEOSIDES USEFUL AS ACTIVE INGREDIENTS IN PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS FOR THE TREATMENT OF VIRAL INFECTIONS, AND INTERMEDIATES FOR THEIR PRODUCTION - The invention is directed to processes of preparing phosphonate nucleosides comprising a phosphonalkoxy-substituted five-membered, saturated or unsaturated, oxygen-containing ring coupled to a heterocyclic nucleobase such as a pyrimidine or purine base. These compounds can be described by general formula (II) | 2014-10-23 |
20140316128 | Preparation Of Oligosaccharides Containing Amine Groups - Described are oligo- and polysaccharides containing amine groups. Specifically, described is a new process to manufacture cationic cellulose oligomers. The new cationic oligo- or polysaccharides are useful ingredients in various aqueous compositions, inter alia as ingredients for personal care compositions. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316129 | PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF HIGHLY O-SULFATED, EPIMERIZED DERIVATIVES OF K5 POLYSACCHRIDE AND INTERMEDIATES THEREIN - A new method is described for the oversulfation of epiK5-N-sulfate to obtain an epiK5-amine-O-oversulfate with very high sulfation degree which, by subsequent N-sulfation, provides new epiK5-N,O-oversulfate-derivatives with a sulfation degree of at least 4, basically free of activity on the coagulation parameters and useful in the cosmetic or pharmaceutical field. Also described are new low molecular weight epiK5-N-sulfates useful as intermediates in the preparation of the corresponding LMW-epiK5-N,O-oversulfate-derivatives. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316130 | USE OF MICROFABRICATED DEVICES - This invention relates to the miniaturisation of radiosyntheses onto microfabricated devices, and in particular to use of microfabricated devices for radiosynthesis, isolation, and analysis of radiotracers for use in Positron Emission Tomography (PET). | 2014-10-23 |
20140316131 | PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING TRIAZINON-BENZOXAZINONES - The present invention relates to a process for manufacturing triazinon-benzoxazinones of formula (I), | 2014-10-23 |
20140316132 | MODULATORS OF TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS - Provided are modulators of TLRs of Formula II: | 2014-10-23 |
20140316133 | BETA-LACTAMASE INHIBITORS - Aryl substituted diazabicyclooctanes (DBO) compounds that inhibit β-lactamases of class A, class C or class D and potentiate β-lactam antibiotics are disclosed. In particular, this disclosure provides DBO compounds that, when used in the disclosed Synergy MIC Assay with a β-lactam antibiotic at a fixed concentration have an MIC of 8 μg/mL or less against one or more isogenic β-lactamase expressing bacterial strains | 2014-10-23 |
20140316134 | SPIRO DIHYDROACRIDINE DERIVATIVES AND THE USE THEREOF AS MATERIALS FOR ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENCE DEVICES - The present invention relates to compounds of formulae (1), (2) or (3) that are suitable for use in electronic devices, and to electronic device, in particular organic electroluminescence devices, containing these compounds. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316135 | Process and Intermediate Compounds Useful in the Preparation of Statins, Particularly Rosuvastatin - Provided are a compound of formula (5) and a process for its preparation | 2014-10-23 |
20140316136 | NOVEL ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENCE COMPOUNDS AND ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENCE DEVICE COMPRISING SAME - The present invention relates to novel organic electroluminescence compounds and an organic electroluminescence device comprising the same. The organic electroluminescence compound according to the present invention has an advantage of manufacturing an OLED device having long operating lifespan due to its high luminous efficiency compared with conventional materials, and having reduced power consumption induced by improved power efficiency. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316137 | COELENTERAZINE ANALOGUES AND COELENTERAMIDE ANALOGUES - Coelenterazine analogs with different luminescence properties from conventional ones and coelenteramide analogs with different fluorescence properties from conventional ones have been desired. The invention provides coelenterazine analogs modified at the 8-position of coelenterazine and coelenteramide analogs modified at the 2- or 3-position of coelenteramide. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316139 | Tricyclic Compounds, Compositions, And Methods - The present invention is directed to compounds of Formula I: | 2014-10-23 |
20140316140 | DOSING REGIMEN FOR A SELECTIVE S1P1 AGONIST - The present invention relates to a dosing regimen for a selective S1P | 2014-10-23 |
20140316141 | PROCESS FOR PREPARING 1,2-BENZOISOTHIAZOLIN-3-ONES - Sodium sulfide hydrate is at least partially dehydrated by heating with N-methyl 2-pyrrolidone. 2-Chlorobenzamide is added to the mixture which is heated further. The mixture is cooled and treated with aqueous hydrogen peroxide to give the sodium salt of 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one in good yield. Acidification if desired gives rise to the free 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316142 | PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF ANGIOTENSIN II ANTAGONISTS AND INTERMEDIATES THEREOF - The present invention relates to an improved process for the preparation of angiotensin receptor antagonists and intermediates thereof. Particularly the present invention relates to an improved process for the preparation of N-(1-oxopentyl)-N-[[2′-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl]methyl]-L-valine of Formula 1 | 2014-10-23 |
20140316143 | PROCESSES FOR THE PREPARATION OF NOVEL BENZIMIDAZOLE DERIVATIVES - The present invention relates to processes and intermediates for the preparation of novel benzimidazole derivatives, especially in the synthesis of hepatitis C virus NS5A inhibitors. In particular, the present invention relates to processes and intermediates for the preparation of compounds of formulae (I-a): | 2014-10-23 |
20140316144 | ANTIVIRAL COMPOUNDS - The disclosure is related to anti-viral compounds, compositions containing such compounds, and therapeutic methods that include the administration of such compounds, as well as to processes and intermediates useful for preparing such compounds. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316145 | COMPOUNDS, COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR TREATMENT AND PREVENTION OF ORTHOPOXVIRUS INFECTIONS AND ASSOCIATED DISEASES - Methods of using di, tri, and tetracyclic acylhydrazide derivatives and analogs, as well as pharmaceutical compositions containing the same, for the treatment or prophylaxis of viral infections and diseases associated therewith, particularly those viral infections and associated diseases caused by the orthopoxvirus. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316146 | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING 1,4- BUTANEDIOL BY HYDROGENATING DIALKYL MALEATE IN MIXED LIQUID/VAPOR PHASE - A process for the production of 1,4-butanediol and tetrahydrofuran by catalytic hydrogenation of dialkyl maleates includes the following steps:
| 2014-10-23 |
20140316147 | Process For The Production of Trioxane - The present invention relates to a process for producing cyclic acetal comprising i) preparing a liquid reaction mixture comprising a) formaldehyde source, b) an aprotic compound and c) a catalyst; and ii) converting the formaldehyde source into cyclic acetals. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316148 | Renewable Surfactants Derived from Sugar Alcohols - Polyol ether compounds and processes for their preparation. A representative process comprises melting a polyol, and reacting the molten polyol, a carbonyl compound, and hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst to provide the poly of ether. The polyol ether has surfactant properties. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316149 | ALDEHYDE-SELECTIVE WACKER-TYPE OXIDATION OF UNBIASED ALKENES - This disclosure is directed to methods of preparing organic aldehydes, each method comprising contacting a terminal olefin with an oxidizing mixture comprising:
| 2014-10-23 |
20140316150 | METHOD OF REDUCING OR MAINTAINING THE VALUE OF AN ALKYLENE OXIDE PRODUCTION PARAMETER IN A PROCESS OF MAKING AN ALKYLENE OXIDE USING A HIGH EFFICIENCY CATALYST - Methods of reducing or maintaining the value of an alkylene oxide production parameter (such as alkylene oxide production rate) in a process of making an alkylene oxide by reacting an alkylene and oxygen over a high efficiency catalyst are shown and described. One method comprises reducing the concentration of oxygen in the reactor feed gas to reduce or maintain the value of the alkylene oxide production parameter. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316151 | PASTEURISATION PROCESS FOR MICROBIAL CELLS AND MICROBIAL OIL - An improved pasteurisation protocol for pasteurising microbial cells is disclosed. The protocol has three stages, a first heating stage, a second plateau stage at which the cells are held at a (maximum and) constant temperature, and a third cooling stage. Both the heating and the cooling stages are rapid, with the temperature of the cells passing through 40 to 80° C. in no more than 30 minutes in the heating stage. The heating rate is at least 0.5° C./minute and during cooling is at least −0.5° C./minute. The plateau maximum temperature is from 70 to 85° C. By plotting the pasteurisation protocol on a time (t, minutes) versus temperature (T, ° C.) graph, one obtains a trapezium having an area less than 13,000° C. minute. Not only does this result in a smaller energy input (and so a reduction in costs), but a better quality (and less oxidised) oil results having a peroxide value (POV) of less than 1.5 and an anisidine value (AnV) of less than 1.0. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316152 | CARBON NANOTUBE COMPOSITE AND PREPARATION METHOD OF THE SAME - A carbon nanotube (CNT) composite of which one or more specific functional groups are bonded to surface of a CNT, and a method of preparing a CNT composite are provided. The method includes the steps of introducing an acylhalide group to surface of a CNT, and causing a reaction of the acylhalide group with a polysiloxane having amine groups so as to prepare a CNT composite of which the polysiloxane is bonded to the surface by the medium of an amide group. The CNT composite can fix metal particles uniformly and densely thereon, can have improved mechanical and electrical properties, and can be applied to various industrial fields. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316153 | EXTRACTION SOLVENT CONTROL FOR REDUCING STABLE EMULSIONS - Disclosed herein are methods for recovering diphosphite-containing compounds from mixtures comprising organic mononitriles and organic dinitriles, using liquid-liquid extraction. Also disclosed are pre-treatments to enhance extractability of the diphosphite-containing compounds. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316154 | METHODS FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF SPHINGOMYELINS AND DIHYDROSPHINGOMYELINS - The present invention includes methods for the synthesis of sphingomyelins and dihydrosphingomyelins. The present invention also includes methods for the synthesis of sphingosines and dihydrosphingosines. The present invention further includes methods for the synthesis of ceramides and dihydroceramides. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316155 | Methyl-Substituted Biphenyl Compounds, Their Production and Their Use in the Manufacture of Plasticizers - In a process for producing methyl-substituted biphenyl compounds, a feed comprising at least one aromatic hydrocarbon selected from the group consisting of toluene, xylene and mixtures thereof is contacted with hydrogen in the presence of a hydroalkylation catalyst under conditions effective to produce a hydroalkylation reaction product comprising (methylcyclohexyl)toluenes and/or (dimethylcyclohexyl)xylenes together with dialkylated C | 2014-10-23 |
20140316156 | METHOD OF PRODUCING THERAPEUTIC AGENT - A method for producing a therapeutic agent and the agent thus produced. This therapeutic agent, referred to as D-boramine, has the following chemical formula:[(CH | 2014-10-23 |
20140316157 | ETHERIFIED LACTATE ESTERS, METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF AND USE THEREOF FOR ENHANCING THE EFFECT OF PLANT PROTECTING AGENTS - The invention relates to etherified lactate esters of formula (I), in which R represents alkyl and RI an alkoxylated alkyl radical and to the use thereof for enhancing the effect of plant protecting agents. | 2014-10-23 |
20140316158 | METHOD OF OBTAINING ACETATE FROM LIGNOCELLULOSE SPECIFICATION IDENTIFICATION - A method of obtaining an aqueous solution of an alkali acetate from lignocellulose, wherein lignocellulose is treated with a first aqueous extraction solution having a pH value in the range of 12 to 14 and a content of a C | 2014-10-23 |