| Class / Patent application number | Description | Number of patent applications / Date published |
|---|
| 600340000 | Measured at specified areas of body portions | 43 |
| 20080228053 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR CEREBRAL OXYGENATION LEVEL MONITORING - Methods, systems, and related computer program products are provided for the reliable measurement of absolute chromophore concentrations in biological tissue, such as those indicative of blood oxygenation levels in the brain, based on infrared optical scanning. A plurality of probe patches is positioned at a respective plurality of locations around the patient's head, each probe patch being positioned against the skin of the head, wherein at least one of the probe patches is positioned where the skin includes active hair follicles. Each probe patch comprises a first infrared source-detector pair having a relatively short source-detector spacing and a second infrared source-detector pair having a relatively long source-detector spacing. Phase-only measurements are acquired for each of a plurality of infrared radiation wavelengths and modulation frequencies for each source-detector pair. Absolute regional chromophore concentrations in the brain are computed based on the phase-only measurements. | 09-18-2008 |
| 20100076282 | Medical Sensor And Technique For Using The Same - According to embodiments, a headcovering hat-based, and/or headband sensor assembly may provide an output to indicate when the sensor experiences abnormal forces or pressure. The sensor assembly may include features to increase the pressure against the tissue to allow the sensor to contact the tissue with sufficient force to obtain accurate measurement, but not so much force as to cause any discomfort for a patient. | 03-25-2010 |
| 20100081904 | Device And Method For Securing A Medical Sensor to An Infant's Head - The present disclosure generally relates to a device and method for securing a sensor to a wearer's head. According to embodiments, a headcovering, such as a stocking cap, includes an integral headband. The headband may have a generally inelastic segment capable of being placed about the wearer's head and a generally elastic portion capable of fastening the headband in a secure fashion. The headband may include an indicator that facilitates the determination of whether the headband has been fastened at an appropriate tension about the wearer's head. The headband may also include dimensional markings to facilitate the measurement of the circumference of the wearer's head. | 04-01-2010 |
| 20100105998 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC BASED OXIMETRY OF SPINAL TISSUE - A near infrared spectrophotometric sensor for non-invasive monitoring of blood oxygenation levels in a subject's spinal cord tissue and spinal cord blood vessels is provided. The sensor includes at least one light source and at least one light detector. The light source is operative to emit near infrared light signals of a plurality of different wavelengths. The light detector is operative to sense light signals emitted from the light source and passed through the subject's spinal tissue, and to produce a sensor signal representative of the sensed light signals The light source is separated from the light detector by a distance representative of a distance from a first vertebrae structure of a human spine to a second vertebrae structure of the human spine, to permit alignment of the light source and detector with the first and second vertebrae structure. | 04-29-2010 |
| 20100249557 | MEDICAL SENSOR WITH FLEXIBLE COMPONENTS AND TECHNIQUE FOR USING THE SAME - According to various embodiments, a hat-based or headband sensor assembly may include thin or flexible optical sensing components, such as optical fibers or ultra thin emitters or detectors. In embodiments, the sensor assembly may be a hat-based sensor that includes a gripping region, for example on the inside of the hat band, to help secure the hat to a patient's head. | 09-30-2010 |
| 20110224519 | LOW-OXYGEN-REGION-ANALYSIS METHOD AND APPARATUS BY TIME-RESOLVED-MEASUREMENT OF LIGHT-INDUCED-AUTOFLUORESCENCE FROM BIOLOGICAL-SAMPLE - Pulsed excitation light including a wavelength that can excite a fluorescent material contained in living matter is generated. The fluorescence lifetime of the fluorescent material is longer than or equal to 4.8 nanoseconds. A predetermined position in the living matter is illuminated with the pulsed excitation light. Further, light including fluorescence emitted from the fluorescent material excited by illumination with the pulsed excitation light is received. The lifetime of the fluorescence included in the received light is calculated by time-resolving the intensity of the fluorescence. Further, the oxygen concentration of the living matter is measured based on the lifetime. | 09-15-2011 |
| 20110295094 | Retinopathy Of Prematurity Determination And Alarm System - Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to determining a likelihood of possible retinopathy of prematurity and alerting a caregiver of such likelihood. According to certain embodiments, an apparatus for displaying an indication of a risk of retinopathy of prematurity in a patient may include a processing unit. The processing unit is configured to determine whether an oxygen saturation history of the patient places the patient at risk of developing retinopathy of prematurity. The apparatus may also include a display unit configured to present an indication of a risk of prematurity in the patient when the processing unit determines that the oxygen saturation history of the patient places the patient at risk of developing retinopathy of prematurity, the indication comprising at least one of a number associated with the risk, an audible alarm, or a visual alarm. | 12-01-2011 |
| 20110313264 | FULL BODY PLETHYSMOGRAPHIC CHAMBER INCORPORATING PHOTOPLETHYSMOGRAPHIC SENSOR FOR USE WITH SMALL NON-ANESTHETIZED ANIMALS - A full body plethysmographic chamber includes a noninvasive photoplethysmographic sensor within the chamber. The noninvasive photoplethysmographic sensor is for mobile animals such as small rodents, namely rats and mice in the full body plethysmographic chamber and is useful in a laboratory research environment. The noninvasive photoplethysmographic sensor may be a neck clip or collar which provides an easily affixed attachment mechanism. The neck location will provide significant blood flow under all conditions and also offers inherent bite resistance to the sensor platform. The system of the present invention provides a commutator for the sensor wires for allowing untwisting of the system wires. | 12-22-2011 |
| 20120010485 | Device for Detecting at Least One Vital Parameter of a Person in a Vehicle and Device for Monitoring at Least One Vital Parameter of a Person in a Vehicle - A device for detecting at least one vital parameter of a person in a vehicle is described, having: an optoelectronic sensor arrangement for detecting the at least one vital parameter by means of light remission, wherein the optoelectronic sensor arrangement has at least one light source and a light-sensitive element, and wherein the first light source and the light-sensitive element are arranged in a finger bed of an operating element of the vehicle, and wherein the finger bed is implemented to integrate a fingertip of the person flush in a sensor area of the finger bed in which the first light source and the light sensitive element are arranged. | 01-12-2012 |
| 20120022351 | Medical Devices and Techniques for Rodent and Small Mammalian Based Research - A method and system of supplying rodents, such as mice, to medical researchers pre-installs and/or embeds physiologic sensors onto or within the rodents prior to selling the modified rodents to the researchers. The specialty skills, such as small animal surgical and anesthesia skills and sensor placement and testing, are centralized in one organization rather than being spread about a collection of researchers. The subjects with preinstalled, pre-tested hardware, are sold to the researcher as needed. Communication hardware and software will be supplied for the user to convert their desktop computer into a wireless monitoring station. Additionally an external pulse oximeter for small rodents, such as mice, provides measurements on a hand or foot of the rodent with a sensor configured to avoid shunting around the rodent appendage, and configured for high heart rates (200-900 beats per minutes) of the subjects. | 01-26-2012 |
| 20120071741 | SLEEP APNEA MONITORING AND DIAGNOSIS BASED ON PULSE OXIMETERY AND TRACHEAL SOUND SIGNALS - Detection of apnea/hypopnea events to calculate an apnea/hypopnea index is obtained by analysis of breathing pattern of a patient from breathing and snore sounds and a finger probe recording the SaO2 signal. A detector analyzes microphone signals to detect breath, snore and noise sounds in response to a detected drop in the SaO2 level greater than 2% and to extract and analyze the breathing sounds from a limited time period starting prior to the drop of the SaO2 signal and ending at least at the end of each drop. Separated time periods are divided phases with snore sounds and those with breathing sounds and an estimated breathing volume adjacent to a snore phase is used to estimate the airflow of the snore phase. The relative and absolute energy and duration of the sound periods is used to classify the sound periods into the three groups of breath, snore and noise. | 03-22-2012 |
| 20120078069 | Blood Flow Monitoring - The present invention relates to a method of utilizing photoplethysmography obtained from a central site and a non-central site to detect a low blood flow or low blood volume condition. Also disclosed are apparatuses and systems designed to acquire and process physiological information based on photoplethysmograpy signal information from dual sites. | 03-29-2012 |
| 20120123231 | MONITORING CARDIAC OUTPUT AND VESSEL FLUID VOLUME - The present disclosure describes embodiments of a patient monitoring system and methods that include the measure and display of hemoglobin statistics, cardiac output statistic and vessel volume statistics. In an embodiment, total hemoglobin trending, cardiac output, or vessel volume is displayed over a period of time. Statistics can include frequency domain analysis, differences between measurement sites, or further calculations based on concentrations and volume of fluids added to a patient which may be unique for each patient monitored. The total trending and/or statistics can further be used to help control the treatment of a patient, such as being used to control IV administration. | 05-17-2012 |
| 20120165632 | MEDICAL SENSOR FOR REDUCING SIGNAL ARTIFACTS AND TECHNIQUE FOR USING THE SAME - A sensor may be adapted to reduce signal artifacts by deflecting the effects of outside forces and sensor motion. A sensor is provided with a rigid annular structure adapted to reduce the effect of motion of a sensor emitter and/or detector. Further, a method of deflecting or minimizing outside forces and sensor motion is also provided. | 06-28-2012 |
| 20120253159 | MOLDABLE EAR SENSOR - The present disclosure relates to sensors for use on a patient's ear. The sensors as provided may include a moldable member, such as a putty. The moldable member may be molded in place to affix the optical components of the sensor to a patient's ear tissue. For example, the moldable member may be sculpted around a curvature of a patient's earlobe. In particular embodiments, the moldable member may be activated, e.g., hardened, by exposure to particular temperatures or by exposure to light. | 10-04-2012 |
| 20120323096 | Fingerstall Oximeter - Disclosed is a fingerstall oximeter including a soft gum coat and a case, a display screen for displaying measurement results is provided on the upper part of the case and an open corresponding to the display screen is provided on the soft gum coat. The soft gum coat is slipped over the outside of the case, the case is used to accommodate and protect a circuit board, and a chamber for accommodating finger is formed and rounded by the upper part of the case and the bottom of the soft gum coat, for accommodating a finger to be measured. A first measurement module is provided on the bottom of the soft gum coat and a second measurement module is provided within the case at a position corresponding to the first measurement module. | 12-20-2012 |
| 20130012795 | APPARATUS AND METHODS FOR SENSING A PARAMETER WITH A RESTRAINT DEVICE - A restraint device includes at least a first restraint portion defining a space for receiving at least a first body portion of a wearer to restrain movement of the wearer. The restraint device also includes at least one sensor on the first restraint portion and configured to sense at least one parameter associated with the wearer of the restraint device. The sensed parameter may be a physiological parameter of the wearer, or the sensed parameter may be a biological substance, a chemical substance, or a radioactive substance. The restraint device may further include a device communicating with the sensor and configured to store and/or transmit information related to the sensed parameter. | 01-10-2013 |
| 20130030269 | HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGING SYSTEMS AND RELATED METHODS - Systems and methods for analyzing sublingual microcirculation perfusion and identifying particular nerve tracts. In exemplary embodiments, a digital micro-mirror device is configured to direct a reflected light to a subject area and a controller is configured to alter a parameter of the reflected light. | 01-31-2013 |
| 20130035572 | FINGERTIP OXIMETER AND A METHOD FOR OBSERVING A MEASUREMENT RESULT THEREON - There is provided a fingertip oximeter that has a plurality of display modes which are presented sequentially in a circulating way, allowing users to easily observe a measurement result from any of surrounding directions. The present invention makes users to be able to observe a measurement result of the fingertip oximeter from any of surrounding directions, without the need of bending his/her finger. Thus, any partial occlusion of the arterial blood capillary can be avoided, so that strength of the pulse will not decrease, and strength of the signal will not be affected. As a result, the precision of the measurement is improved. | 02-07-2013 |
| 20130046163 | SINGLE USE PULSE OXIMETER - A single use, self-contained, self-powered disposable oximeter, in the form of a patch or a bandage strip, has mounted thereto a light emitter and a light sensor to measure the SpO2 of the patient. Mounted to an electronics layer of the patch is an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) that has electronics integrated thereto that controls the operation of the light emitter and light sensor, and the algorithm for calculating from the data collected by the sensor at least the SpO2 of the patient. The patch oximeter may also be equipped with a transceiver, and the appropriate electronics, for wirelessly transceiving information to/from a remote device or another wireless patch oximeter. | 02-21-2013 |
| 20130096405 | FINGERTIP PULSE OXIMETER - The disclosure relates to finger pulse oximetry sensors configurations including, for example, removable sensor sleeves, removable sensor pads, and light blocking configurations. | 04-18-2013 |
| 20140031653 | MEDICAL SENSOR FOR REDUCING ARTIFACTS AND TECHNIQUE FOR USING THE SAME - A sensor may be adapted to reduce signal artifacts by deflecting the effects of outside forces and sensor motion. A sensor is provided with a rigid annular structure adapted to reduce the effect of motion of a sensor emitter and/or detector. Further, a method of deflecting or minimizing outside forces and sensor motion is also provided. | 01-30-2014 |
| 20140088387 | DIGITAL PULSE OXIMETER WITH AUTOMATIC DIRECTION-CHANGING FUNCTION - A digital pulse oximeter with automatic orientation change function, comprising a housing that is configured to clamp a human finger being tested, a display window disposed at outside of and atop the housing, a circuit being disposed within the housing for calculating and analyzing the tested signals, and displaying them in the display window atop the housing via a display, wherein the said circuit has only one control key disposed on the housing, the said circuit allowing the display contents of the display to be always oriented properly for easy reading by connecting with one two-axis or three-axis accelerometer. The digital pulse oximeter of the present invention is featured with small size and convenient operation and can shift from one function to another using only one control key in conjunction with the interface display, thereby increasing the functions of small-sized pulse oximeters. The present invention uses accelerometers to judge the placing location of the apparatus without the need for any operation from the user, and the apparatus can automatically change the display orientation of the display, thus providing great convenience to the user. | 03-27-2014 |
| 20140107441 | Monitoring of Hearing Preservation During Cochlear Implant Surgery Using Stapedial Reflex Measurement - A method is described for surgical implantation of a cochlear implant system. An intraoperative baseline value stapedial reflex response is determined for a cochlear implant patient. Then while performing a given step in a multi-step surgical process to implant a cochlear implant system in the patient, the stapedial reflex response is monitored, and if the stapedial reflex response changes from the baseline value response more than a safe change threshold value, the given step is stopped. | 04-17-2014 |
| 20140107442 | Fingertip Oximeter and a Method for Observing a Measurement Result Thereon - There is provided a fingertip oximeter that has a plurality of display modes which are presented sequentially in a circulating way, allowing users to easily observe a measurement result from any of surrounding directions. The present invention makes users to be able to observe a measurement result of the fingertip oximeter from any of surrounding directions, without the need of bending his/her finger. Thus, any partial occlusion of the arterial blood capillary can be avoided, so that strength of the pulse will not decrease, and strength of the signal will not be affected. As a result, the precision of the measurement is improved. | 04-17-2014 |
| 20140128698 | SYSTEM AND METHOD OF RESOLVING OUTLIERS IN NIRS CEREBRAL OXIMETRY - A system and method for non-invasively estimating the tissue blood oxygen saturation level of a human subject, including so-called “outliers”, whose physiological make-up causes previously-known techniques to generate invalid tissue blood oxygen saturation estimations. The system includes a computing device and a sensor. The sensor includes a light source configured to emit light of at least four different wavelengths, one at a time. The sensor also includes two light detectors, each positioned a different distances from the light source. Optical density measurements are taken by the light detectors and provided to the computing device. A first tissue blood oxygen saturation value is computed using the optical density measurements associated with three of the four wavelengths, and a second tissue blood oxygen saturation value is computed using the optical density measurements associated with four of the wavelengths. The first and second tissue blood oxygen saturation values are compared, and the human subject is identified as an “outlier” based upon that comparison. | 05-08-2014 |
| 20140194712 | DIGITAL PORTABLE PULSE OXIMETER AND BATTERY-POWERED CONTROL METHOD THEREOF - The present invention relates to a digital portable pulse oximeter and battery-powered control method thereof. The automatic switching of the power supply is achieved by adding a Hall circuit, and the data displayed is allowed to always face the users by adding an acceleration sensor to the circuit. The advantageous effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are: Users can always read the data from the front side no matter which way they move. The digital portable pulse oximeter of the present invention can be automatically turned on just by inserting a finger, without having to press the switch button, and cut off the power supply by pulling out the finger, as well as judge intelligently whether to continue the measurement after the finger has been pulled out. If yes, the power supply will stay on, which reduces the energy waste and low efficiency caused by the restarting program initialization, improves the use efficiency of the battery and prolongs the battery life. | 07-10-2014 |
| 20140200423 | WEARABLE PULSE OXIMETRY DEVICE - A pulse oximetry device that is mounted on a wrist strap and fixates an area above a distal end of the ulna with a dome shaped structure. This area is used as measuring area. The measurement is carried out by a detector positioned above the fixated area, that detects light emitted by light sources having different wave lengths that are located at a periphery of the fixated area. Hence, the reflections are measured at neither a reflection mode nor a transmission mode, but are at an angle between 20° and 160° from the emitted light. This mode, termed trans-illumination, allows achieving an excellent signal to noise ratio that for the first time enables continuous and reliable measurement of oximetry data on the wrist. | 07-17-2014 |
| 20140221798 | OPTICAL SENSOR PATH SELECTION - A device includes a sensor for measuring a parameter for tissue. The sensor includes a plurality of optical elements including a plurality of detectors and at least one emitter. Separation distances between the various optical elements are selected based on a depth corresponding to a region of interest in the tissue and based on a depth corresponding to an exclusion region in the tissue. | 08-07-2014 |
| 20140243633 | METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR DETERMINING A PROBE-OFF CONDITION IN A MEDICAL DEVICE - A physiological monitoring system may determine a probe-off condition. A physiological sensor may receive a light signal including one or more wavelengths of light. The received light signal may be processed to obtain a light signal corresponding to an ambient light signal and a light signal corresponding to an emitted light signal and the ambient light signal. The signals may be analyzed to identify an inverse effect. The system may determine whether the physiological sensor is properly positioned based on the identification of an inverse effect. | 08-28-2014 |
| 20140275893 | Method and System for Positioning a Sensor - Release liners configured to facilitate the positioning of a sensor at a predetermined position of a patient are provided. The release liners may include one or more alignment features configured to approximately align with one or more anatomical features of the patient when the sensor is placed in the predetermined position. The one or more alignment features may include any suitable number of alignment lines. The release liner may be at least partially removable from the sensor. | 09-18-2014 |
| 20140323835 | USER IDENTIFICATION METHOD, PHYSIOLOGICAL DETECTION DEVICE AND PHYSIOLOGICAL DETECTION METHOD - There is provided a physiological detection device including a finger detection unit, a storage unit and a processing unit. The finger detection unit is configured to detect a current track drawn by a current user and current physiological information of the current user. The storage unit is configured to previously store track features of predetermined tracks drawn, for a predetermined time interval or a predetermined times on the finger detection unit, by a plurality of users and each of the track features is associated with one of the users. The processing unit is configured to analyze the current track and identify the current user according to the track features in the storage unit. There is further provided a physiological detection method and a user identification method. | 10-30-2014 |
| 20140350367 | PEAK FLOW METER, BREATHALYZER, AND PULSE OXIMETER FOR USE WITH A MOBILE DEVICE - A peak flow meter, breathalyzer, and pulse oximeter for use with a mobile device, such as a smartphone, are disclosed. In one embodiment, the peak flow meter receives air flow from the patient, converts it into an electrical signal using a pressure transducer, and transmits the signal to a mobile device over an interface. In another embodiment, the microphone of the mobile device is used to directly receive the airflow, and the mobile device converts the airflow into an electrical signal indicating the peak flow. In another embodiment, a breathalyzer receives air flow from a patient, converts it into an electrical signal using a sensor, and transmits the signal to a mobile device over an interface. In another embodiment, a pulse oximeter measures oxygen saturation in a patient's blood and transmits an electrical signal for that measurement to a mobile device over an interface. | 11-27-2014 |
| 20150045640 | CONCENTRATION MEASUREMENT DEVICE AND CONCENTRATION MEASUREMENT METHOD - A concentration measurement apparatus includes a probe, having a light incidence section making measurement light incident on the head and a light detection section detecting the measurement light that has propagated through the interior of the head, and a CPU determining temporal relative change amounts of oxygenated hemoglobin concentration and deoxygenated hemoglobin concentration and determining a correlation coefficient of the relative change amounts and a polarity of a slope of a regression line. | 02-12-2015 |
| 20150065832 | SYSTEM AND METHODS OF IDENTIFYING AND ALERTING A USER OF A HEALTH EVENT - A health event monitoring system includes a measurement device that measures a health aspect of a monitored person to provide a measured health aspect, a notification device that provides a notification to a user of the system, and an analyzer that compares the measured health aspect with a predetermined health aspect threshold and which activates the notification device when the measured health aspect passes the predetermined health aspect threshold. | 03-05-2015 |
| 20150297079 | PULSE OXIMETRY SYSTEM, AND SUBSYSTEM AND COMMUNICATION CONVERSION DEVICE FOR CONSTRUCTING SAID OXIMETRY SYSTEM - A pulse oximetry system includes: a pulse oximeter that creates biological information data; a communication conversion device that receives the biological information data from the pulse oximeter and converts the communication system of the biological data into a communication system fitted to a display device; and the display device that receives the biological information data from the communication conversion device. A storage unit of the communication conversion device stores a plurality of candidate communication systems. A user can select a communication system fitted to the display device from the candidate communication systems, and set the selected communication system as a communication system after conversion. Accordingly, communication is allowed via the communication conversion device even when the communication systems of the display device and the pulse oximeter are different. | 10-22-2015 |
| 20150366507 | PROXIMITY SENSOR IN PULSE OXIMETER - Systems and methods are disclosed for proximity sensing in physiological sensors, and more specifically to using one or more proximity sensors located on or within a physiological sensor to determine the positioning of the physiological sensor on a patient measurement site. Accurate placement of a physiological sensor on the patient measurement site is a key factor in obtaining reliable measurement of physiological parameters of the patient. Proper alignment between a measurement site and a sensor optical assembly provides more accurate physiological measurement data. This alignment can be determined based on data from a proximity sensor or sensors placed on or within the physiological sensor. | 12-24-2015 |
| 20160015316 | PAIN DETECTION SYSTEM AND METHOD UTILIZING NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY - Disclosed is a pain detection system and method. Preferred methods include capturing imaging data from patient using functional near-infrared spectroscopy. In methods of the invention, pain may be assessed from a non-responsive patient. Preferred methods may further include measuring hemodynamic parameters using the optical imaging data and averaging the measured hemodynamic parameters to reduce background noise. Additionally, a pattern in the averaged hemodynamic parameters is identified and the pattern is compared to a predetermined associated with patient pain. The method further includes detecting, by the processor, a similarity between the pattern and the predetermined pattern and outputting a signal indicating patient pain. | 01-21-2016 |
| 20160058315 | Passive Detection of Pulse - A body-mountable light sensing device includes a photodiode configured to receive light from a portion of subsurface vasculature and electronics configured to operate the photodiode to measure the received light. The electronics include a photodiode voltage source configured to reverse bias the photodiode, a current mirror, and a sigma-delta modulator configured to generate a digital output related to the received light and having a high resolution while using low power. The digital output could be used to determine a pulse rate or other properties of blood in the portion of subsurface vasculature by detecting absorption of ambient light by blood in the portion of subsurface vasculature. Components of the body-mountable device could be embedded in a polymeric material configured for mounting to a surface of an eye. The digital output and/or related information could be wirelessly communicated by the body-mountable device. | 03-03-2016 |
| 20160066827 | PULSE OXIMETRY RING - A biometric sensor can be disposed within a wearable finger ring. The ring device can provide a variety of different biometric and health measurements. The ring device can also be in communication with the Internet. Information from the ring device can be saved in the cloud, accessed by remote smart devices, accessed by remote computers, or otherwise accessed and saved. Various users, such as doctors and EMS personnel, can access the information provided by the ring device. | 03-10-2016 |
| 20160100780 | PULSE OXIMETER SENSOR - The invention provides a pulse oximetry sensor for attachment to the lower half of the palm or the ulnar edge of the palm. The sensor may be portable, untethered and in some instances, disposable. The features of the sensor make it effective in stable, chronic or emergency medical settings. | 04-14-2016 |
| 20160192884 | POSITIONING A MEDICAL DEVICE BASED ON OXYGEN SATURATION MEASUREMENTS | 07-07-2016 |
| 20170231538 | FINGERTIP COVER AND METHOD OF USE | 08-17-2017 |
