Patents - stay tuned to the technology

Inventors list

Assignees list

Classification tree browser

Top 100 Inventors

Top 100 Assignees


Arsenic

Subclass of:

424 - Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions

424600000 - INORGANIC ACTIVE INGREDIENT CONTAINING

424617000 - Heavy metal or compound thereof

Patent class list (only not empty are listed)

Deeper subclasses:

Class / Patent application numberDescriptionNumber of patent applications / Date published
424620000 Arsenic 58
20110256235COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS RELATING TO PREVENTION OF CHEMOTHERAPY-INDUCED ALOPECIA - The present invention relates to a method for protecting a human patient or a mammalian animal to be subjected to chemotherapy treatment of a tumor not residing in the scalp of the patient or the skin of the animal against chemotherapy-induced alopecia, comprising administering to the scalp of the patient or the skin of the animal an effective amount of a composition comprising a chemical inducer of the stress protein response sufficiently prior to the administration of a chemotherapeutic drug. It also relates to pharmaceutical compositions for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced alopecia. It further relates to a method for protecting a human patient or a mammalian animal to be subjected to chemotherapy treatment of a tumor not residing in the scalp of the patient or the skin of the animal against chemotherapy-induced alopecia, comprising administering to the scalp of the patient or the skin of the animal an effective heat dose sufficiently prior to the administration of a chemotherapeutic drug.10-20-2011
20120027870Novel Markers for Bladder Cancer Detection - A method of detecting a predisposition to, or the incidence of, bladder cancer in a sample comprises detecting an epigenetic change in at least one gene selected from FOXE1 and GATA4. Detection of the epigenetic change is indicative of a predisposition to, or the incidence of, bladder cancer. The sample comprises nucleic acid molecules from bladder cells. The methods may be used to select treatments and patients for treatment. Related kits include primers allowing the methylation status of the genes to be determined.02-02-2012
20120164238METHODS OF DETECTING COLORECTAL CANCER - A method of detecting a predisposition to, or the incidence of colorectal cancer in a faecal sample comprises, in a first step (a), detecting the presence of blood in the faecal sample, wherein detection of the presence of blood is indicative of a predisposition to, or the incidence of colorectal cancer. The method additionally comprises, in second step (b), detecting an epi-genetic modification in the DNA contained within the faecal sample, wherein detection of the epigenetic modification is indicative of a predisposition to, or the incidence of colorectal cancer. Based upon a positive result obtained in either (a) or (b) or in both (a) and (b) a predisposition to, or the incidence of colorectal cancer is detected. Related methods and kits involve detecting an epigenetic modification in a number of specific genes.06-28-2012
424621000 With elemental arsenic or arsenic containing compound 1
20160008332COMBINATORIAL COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR TREATMENT OF MELANOMA01-14-2016
424622000 Copper compound of arsenic 4
20100178358POLYSACCHARIDE-BASED IMPREGNATED SOLID MATERIAL WITH IMPROVED STABILITY, PROCESSES FOR THE PREPARATION THEREOF AND IMPREGNATING SOLUTIONS USED - A polysaccharide-based solid material including, in its mass, at least one active agent having bactericidal, fungal, insecticidal and/or flame-retardant properties, and at least one complexing agent and/or at least one polymeric matrix having a complexing agent. The active agent includes at least one compound selected from the group including boron, silica, aluminum, phosphorus, iodine, derivatives thereof, aluminosilicate derivatives, and mixtures thereof. The solid material is characterized by an improved stability and by reduced environmental impact, and makes it possible to prepare materials based on wood particles and woods having a particular resistance against environmental attacks such as moisture.07-15-2010
20110200684SYNERGISTIC PESTICIDAL MIXTURES - Synergistic pesticidal mixtures are provided.08-18-2011
20130089622PESTICIDAL COMPOSITIONS - This document discloses molecules having the following formula (“Formula I”):04-11-2013
20140348947PESTICIDAL COMPOSITIONS - This document discloses molecules having the following formula (“Formula I”):11-27-2014
424623000 Oxygen compound of arsenic 45
20080279961TELOMERE TARGETING AGENTS AS STEM CELLS DIRECTED TREATMENTS - It is demonstrated in the present invention that G-quadruplex ligands can be used to both shorten telomeres and inhibit telomerase by causing telomere uncapping. The invention relates to compositions and methods of treating cancer stem cells comprising the administration of G-quadruplex ligands, such as 3,11-difluoro-6,8,13-trimethyl-8H-quino[4,3,2-kl]acridinium methosulfate (RHPS4), which can effectively inhibit or reduce the growth of cancer stem cells. The invention also relates to a synergistic effect in inhibiting or reducing the growth cancer stem cells when a G-quadruplex ligand is combined with a mitotic spindle poison, such as paclitaxel, or other agents used in the treatment of cancer and disease. The invention also relates to RHPS4 inducing non-cancerous cell and non-cancerous stem cell proliferation.11-13-2008
20090035389TARGETED PROTEIN CAGES - The present invention provides targeted protein cages for the specific delivery of a variety of agents to cells and tissues and methods of use. The targeted protein cages have exterior targeting moieties and therapeutic or imaging agents which are encapsulated within the protein cages or are located on the exterior surfaces of the protein cages.02-05-2009
20090061022Pharmaceutical composition comprising arsenite for the treatment of malignancy - A method for using sodium meta-arsenite (AsO03-05-2009
20090098216ARSENIC THERAPY FOR APLS-TYPE AUTOIMMUNE LYMPH-OPROLIFERATIVE SYNDROME IN MICE AND HUMANS - The invention relates to the use of an arsenic compound for the preparation of a medicament that is used to treat autoimmune diseases.04-16-2009
20090117203KIT FOR CANCER TREATMENT AND PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITION FOR CANCER TREATMENT - To provide a kit for cancer treatment and a pharmaceutical composition for cancer treatment that can inhibit the growth of tumors and cancers in mammals more than ever.05-07-2009
20090246291METHOD AND COMPOSITIONS FOR TREATMENT OF CANCER - The present invention relates to a method of treating cancer in a subject in need thereof, by administering to the subject a combination of sodium meta arsenite and/or arsenic trioxide and a cytotoxic anticancer agent, such as cisplatin, adriamycin, and taxane, such as larotaxel, orataxel, tesetaxel, docetaxel or paclitaxel. The arsenic compound(s) and cytotoxic anti-cancer agent may be administered together in a composition or separately as a combination therapy.10-01-2009
20090297624ARSENIC THERAPY FOR AUTOIMMUNE AND/OR INFLAMMATORY DISEASES IN MICE AND HUMANS - The invention relates to a method for treating and/or preventing autoimmune and/or inflammatory diseases, including the graft-versus-host disease, comprising administering to a patient in need thereof, a therapeutically effective amount of an arsenic compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.12-03-2009
20100080855HEDGEHOG SIGNALING AND CANCER STEM CELLS IN HEMATOPOIETIC CELL MALIGNANCIES - The present disclosure relates generally to methods of treating hematopoietic cell malignancy in a subject by administering to the subject a Hedgehog (Hh) pathway antagonist, such as a Smoothen (Smo) antagonist alone or in combination with an ABL-kinase antagonist. Specifically, the disclosure relates to a method of treating hematopoietic cell malignancy in a subject by administering the Hh pathway antagonist, such as the Smo antagonist cyclopamine, in combination with the ABL-kinase antagonist imatinib.04-01-2010
20100166881Novel IDO Inhibitors and Methods of Use Thereof - Novel indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitors, compositions comprising the same, and methods of use thereof are disclosed.07-01-2010
20100278937COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS TO PREVENT AND/OR TREAT CANCER WITH PA-CARD - The present invention relates to methods and materials for killing cancer cells with proteins derived from bacteria. The invention specifically relates to Azurin, Laz, Pa-CARD, and fusion proteins Azu-H.8 and H.8-Azu, and their use in killing leukemia cells and/or ovarian cancer cells.11-04-2010
20100291234COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR TREATING INFLAMMATORY ARTHRITIS - Methods for treating or preventing one or more symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis or other types of inflammatory arthritis involves administering a formulation containing an effective amount of arsenic trioxide to an affected patient. The arsenic trioxide formulation can be administered orally, for example, as a solution, suspension, syrup, emulsion, tablet, or capsule.11-18-2010
20110059186CANCER STEM CELL-TARGETED AND DRUG RESISTANT CANCER THERAPY - The present invention provides methods for preventing, treating, and/or managing cancer, the method comprising administering to a subject in need thereof therapeutically effective amount of sodium meta arsenite that reduces or eliminates drug resistant cancer stem cell populations as well as drug resistant mature cancer cells.03-10-2011
20110070314METHODS FOR TREATING BRAIN TUMORS - The present invention relates to methods treating brain tumors comprising administering a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of sodium meta arsenite, alone or in combination with another anti-brain tumor medicament.03-24-2011
20110091573PROCESS FOR PRODUCING ARSENIC TRIOXIDE FORMULATIONS AND METHODS FOR TREATING CANCER USING ARSENIC TRIOXIDE OR MELARSOPROL - The invention relates to the use of arsenic compounds to treat a variety of leukemia, lymphoma and solid tumors. Further, the arsenic compounds may be used in combination with other therapeutic agents, such as a retinoid. The invention also provides a process for producing arsenic trioxide formulations.04-21-2011
20110151020ACTIVE SUBSTANCE COMBINATION WITH GEMCITABINE FOR THE TREATMENT OF EPITHELIAL CANCER - The present invention refers to active substance combinations comprising of a nucleoside analog or antimetabolic agent like Gemcitabine, and either a Nodal/Activin inhibitor or a SHH-Inhibitor and an mTOR-inhibitor, medicaments comprising the same and the use of the active substance combinations in the treatment of cancer, especially of epithelial cancer.06-23-2011
20110250291USE OF ARSENIC FOR CANCER THERAPY PROTECTION - A method of inhibiting damage to non-cancerous cells in a human subject during chemotherapeutic treatment or radiation treatment of cancer cells in the human subject includes administering to the human subject arsenic and/or one or more compounds of arsenic in a therapeutically effective amount prior to treatment with radiation or one or more chemotherapeutic agents.10-13-2011
20110250292COMPOSITION FOR IMPROVING RADIOTHERAPY FOR CANCER - Disclosed is a composition for improving radiotherapy for cancer, containing tetra-arsenic oxide (As10-13-2011
20110256236Enhancement of the Anti-Leukemic Effect of Thalidomide - The cytotoxic effects of thalidomide are enhanced when it is used in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents, particularly arsenic trioxide, indicating benefits for the treatment of blood-related cancers, especially acute myelogenous leukemia.10-20-2011
20110305774TREATMENT OF RETROVIRAL RESERVOIRS EXPLOITING OXIDATIVE STRESS - Activation of HIV-1 replication causes oxidative stress, which in turn potentiates HIV-1 replication. The common basis for the compounds of the present invention is: A) the capacity of reactivating HIV-1 from latency, and B) the ability to counteract the cellular machinery which activates in order to limit the effects of oxidative stress. In this way, oxidative stress can be potentiated and a “chain reaction” is sparked. This “chain reaction” induces a more efficient reactivation of HIV-1 from latency and, in some cases, induces selective killing of the infected cells. Actions A) and B) can either be carried out by one drug exerting both effects, or obtained by the combined use of distinct drugs. There are two main cellular machineries counteracting oxidative stress, i.e. the thioredoxin (Trx) thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) system and glutathione. Herein, we present drug strategies capable of exerting action B) by blocking either of the two machineries.12-15-2011
20110311648Novel Methods for the Treatment of Cancer - Compositions and methods for the treatment of malignancy and chronic viral infection are disclosed.12-22-2011
20120027871METHOD OF TREATMENT BASED ON POLYMORPHISMS OF THE KCNQ1 GENE - The invention provides methods for the administration of compounds capable of prolonging a QTc interval and methods for predicting whether an individual is predisposed to such QTc prolongation.02-02-2012
20120045519USE OF DEOXYELEPHANTOPIN (DET) AND ANALOGUES THEREOF FOR TREATMENT OF MELANOMA - Methods for treating melanoma in a subject in need thereof are disclosed. The method comprises administering to the subject a composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of deoxyelephantopin or an analogue thereof; and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Methods of inhibiting proliferation, migration and/or metastasis of melanoma cells in a subject in need thereof are also disclosed. Also disclosed are methods for reducing side effects of an anti-cancer agent in a subject in need thereof.02-23-2012
20120045520PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITION COMPRISING ARSENITE FOR THE TREATMENT OF MALIGNANCY - A method for using a salt of meta-arsenite (AsO02-23-2012
20120058201METHOD OF PREDICTING A PREDISPOSITION TO QT PROLONGATION - The present invention describes an association between genetic polymorphisms in the FAM13A1 (family with sequence similarity 13, member A1) gene and a predisposition to prolongation of the QT interval, and provides related methods for the prediction of such a predisposition, the administration of QT interval- prolonging compounds to individuals having such a predisposition, and determining whether a compound is capable of inducing QT prolongation.03-08-2012
20120128791Ammoniacal Copper Zinc Arsenate Concentrates and Methods of Preparation - Disclosed herein is a composition concentrate that is suitable for treating wood upon dilution with water in a weight ratio of concentrate to water of between 1:10 and 1:100. The concentrate contains copper ammonium cations, zinc ammonium cations, arsenate and/or hydrogen arsenate anions; carbonate and/or bicarbonate anions, ammonia and water, wherein the total amount of copper and zinc is from 17% to about 22% by weight based on the total volume of the concentrate. Also disclosed is a process for producing ammoniacal copper zinc arsenate concentrate.05-24-2012
20120251628COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR TREATMENT OF CANCER - Compositions and methods for treating solid tumors are provided. Intraperitoneal administration of sodium meta arsenite, alone or in combination with an anti-cancer agent, results in tumor necrosis and delayed tumor growth. A particularly effective treatment for colon and rectal cancer is a combination of sodium meta arsenite administered intraperitoneally and irinotecan.10-04-2012
20120294955USE OF ARSENIC FOR CANCER THERAPY PROTECTION - A method of inhibiting, preventing, or reducing damage to non-cancerous cells in a human subject during chemotherapeutic treatment or radiation treatment of cancer cells in the human subject includes administering to the human subject arsenic and/or one or more compounds of arsenic in a therapeutically effective amount prior to treatment with radiation or one or more chemotherapeutic agents.11-22-2012
20130156865POTENTIATION INDUCED BY PDE4 INHIBITORS IN THE TREATMENT OF LEUKEMIA - Certain PDE-4 inhibitors are useful for the treatment of myeloid and linphoyd malignancies.06-20-2013
20130183388Novel IDO Inhibitors and Methods of Use Thereof - Novel indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitors, compositions comprising the same, and methods of use thereof are disclosed.07-18-2013
20130189373Method of Treating Cancer Using Combination of a Bifunctional Alkylating Agent and DNA Repair Inhibitors - A pharmaceutical composition for treating cancer, in particular drug resistant cancer, comprising an effective amount of bifunctional alkylating agent, an effective amount of a DNA repair inhibitor, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.07-25-2013
20130224310NOSCAPINE ANALOGS AND THEIR USE IN TREATING CANCERS - Compounds, pharmaceutical compositions including the compounds, and methods of preparation and use thereof are disclosed. The compounds are noscapine analogs. The compounds and compositions can be used to treat and/or prevent a wide variety of cancers, including drug resistant cancers. While the antitussive plant alkaloid, noscapine, binds tubulin, displays anticancer activity, and has a safe pharmacological profile in humans, structure-function analyses pointed to a proton at position 9 of the isoquinoline ring that can be modified without compromising tubulin binding activity. Noscapine analogs with various functional moieties at position 9 on the isoquinoline ring kill human cancer cells resistant to other anti-microtubule agents, such as vincas and taxanes.08-29-2013
20130309319USE OF ARSENIC COMPOUNDS FOR TREATMENT OF PAIN AND INFLAMMATION - The present invention relates to the use of arsenic compounds such as sodium meta arsenite (NaAsO11-21-2013
20140017336CO-ADMINISTRATION OF ARSENIC COMPOUNDS AND ANTI-HERPES VIRUS ANTI-VIRALS - It has now been discovered that arsenic induces herpes viruses latent in infected cells to reactivate to the lytic stage. Herpes viruses in the lytic stage activate anti-herpes virus anti01-16-2014
20140106003Thioxanthone-Based Autophagy Inhibitor Therapies to Treat Cancer - The present specification provides compositions comprising a thioxanthone-based autophagy inhibitor and/or a cancer therapeutic autophagy inducing compound, pharmaceutical kits comprising these compositions, and methods of treating cancer using such compounds, compositions and kits. Additionally, the present specification provides methods of treating cancer using a thioxanthone-based autophagy inhibitor and a radiotherapy.04-17-2014
20140220154METHOD OF TREATING PATHOLOGIC HETEROTOPIC OSSIFICATION - What is described is a method of preventing or treating heterotopic ossification, vascular calcification, and pathologic mineralization, comprising administering an drug, wherein the drug is an antagonist of the Hedgehog (Hh) pathway. For example the antagonist consists of arsenic trioxide, sodium arsenite, phenylarsine, GANT-58, GANT-61, zerumbone vismodegib (GDC-0449, Genentech), bevacizumab, gemcitabine, nab-paclitaxel, FOLFIR, FOLFOX, RO4929097, cixutumumab, cisplatin, etoposide, LDAC, decitabine, daunorubicin, cytarabin, rosiglitazone, goserelin, leuprolide, capecitabine, fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin, irinotecan, diclofenac, BMS-833923 (XL139), IPI-926—Infinity Pharmaceuticals, Inc., LDE225, LEQ506—Novartis Pharmaceuticals, TAK-441 Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., and PF-04449913—Pfizer, alone or in combination therapy. The method targets pluripotent mesenchymal cells, wherein the antagonist inhibits expression of a gene encoding a Hh pathway component, for example by decreasing levels of mRNA encoded Ptch1, Gli1 or HIP.08-07-2014
20140242190USE OF DEOXYELEPHANTOPIN (DET) AND ANALOGUES THEREOF FOR TREATMENT OF MELANOMA - Methods for preventing and/or reducing side effects of an anti-cancer agent in a subject in need thereof are disclosed. The method comprises administering to the subject, who is under an anti-cancer agent treatment, a composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of isolated deoxyelephantopin and/or an analogue thereof; and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.08-28-2014
20140370119Arsenic Compound Solution and Albumin Nanoparticle and Lyophilized Preparation Entrapping Arsenic Compound Prepared Using Same - An arsenic compound solution, and an albumin nanoparticle and a lyophilized preparation prepared using same and entrapping an arsenic compound. The arsenic compound solution is prepared using the following method: adding As12-18-2014
20150017259INTEGRIN INTERACTION INHIBITORS FOR THE TREATMENT OF CANCER - Integrin interaction inhibitors using a beta-turn promoter are described herein. These peptides are useful in treating cancer, such as multiple myeloma, by administering a therapeutically effective amount of the integrin interaction inhibitor. Data show that integrin interaction inhibitors act synergistically or additively interact with anti-proliferative agents such as doxorubicin, SAHA, arsenic trioxide, and etoposide.01-15-2015
20150024065TREATMENT OF RETROVIRAL RESERVOIRS EXPLOITING OXIDATIVE STRESS - Activation of HIV-1 replication causes oxidative stress, which in turn potentiates HIV-1 replication. The common basis for the compounds of the present invention is: A) the capacity of reactivating HIV-1 from latency, and B) the ability to counteract the cellular machinery which activates in order to limit the effects of oxidative stress. In this way, oxidative stress can be potentiated and a “chain reaction” is sparked. This “chain reaction” induces a more efficient reactivation of HIV-1 from latency and, in some cases, induces selective killing of the infected cells. Actions A) and B) can either be carried out by one drug exerting both effects, or obtained by the combined use of distinct drugs. There are two main cellular machineries counteracting oxidative stress, i.e. the thioredoxin (Trx) thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) system and glutathione. Herein, we present drug strategies capable of exerting action B) by blocking either of the two machineries.01-22-2015
20150328188Combination Therapies for the Treatment of Proliferative Disorders - Provided is a pharmaceutical composition comprising a combination of an Hsp90 inhibitor and at least one anti-cancer therapeutic. Also provided are methods for treating a proliferative disorder, disease or condition in a subject in need thereof, using a pharmaceutical composition described herein.11-19-2015
20160015743METHODS FOR TREATING CANCER - Disclosed herein are methods for treating cancer, such as a cyclin D1-overexpressing cancer, including administering to a subject in need of such treatment a composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of an agent that mediates downregulation of cyclin D1 and/or increases sumoylation of cyclin D1.01-21-2016
20160089354Substituted Phenyl Aziridine Precursor Analogs for Inhibiting Androgen-Independent Cancer Cell Growth - Disclosed are methods and pharmaceutical compositions for modulating one or more steroidal receptor activities. The methods typically utilize and the pharmaceutical compositions typically include one or more substituted phenyl aziridine precursors, their respective aziridines, analogs thereof, derivatives thereof, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof such as CpdA. The methods and compositions may be used for treating diseases, disorders, and conditions associated with glucocorticoid receptor activity, androgen receptor activity, or both, such as cancers, acne vulgaris, and alopecia.03-31-2016
20160193233DENDROGENIN A AND ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS FOR THE TREATMENT OF CHEMOSENSITIVE OR CHEMORESISTANT TUMORS07-07-2016
20160199411PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING SODIUM META ARSENITE FOR TREATMENT OF MULTIPLE MYELOMA07-14-2016
20160250175COMBINED APPLICATION OF ISOTHIOCYANATE COMPOUND AND ANTI-CANCER MEDICINE09-01-2016
424624000 Sodium compound of arsenic 4
20090011047PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING OF ARSENOUS ACID, ITS SODIUM SALT AND ITS DERIVATIVES INTENDED FOR THE TREATMENT OR UROGENITAL CANCER AND ITS METASTASIS - The present application relates to pharmaceutical compositions and methods for treatment of urogenital diseases and bone metastasis in a human, which pharmaceutical composition contains an effective amount of arsenous acid alkaline or earth alkaline metal salt and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable adjuvant. According to the present invention, the alkaline arsenous acid metal salt is sodium meta-arsenita (AsO01-08-2009
20110091574TREATMENT OF ADENOCARCINOMA EXPRESSING LKB1 WITH MTOR INHIBITOR IN COMBINATION WITH COX2 INHIBITOR - Methods of treating adenocarcinoma cells such as NSCLC cells are disclosed that depend upon the level of functionally active LKB1 expressed in the cancer cells being treated. In one embodiment, the cancer cells express functionally active LKB1 and the method comprises contacting those cells with a LKB1-stimulating amount of a COX-2-specific inhibitor in combination with an inhibiting amount of a specific inhibitor of mTOR. In another embodiment, the cancer cells express about 25 percent or less of the normal, functional LKB1 expressed by non-transformed cells of the same type are contacted with a growth inhibiting amount of an agent that inhibits cellular metabolism and induces energetic stress.04-21-2011
20120121724FILM COMPRISING THERAPEUTIC AGENTS - The present invention is related to the composition and methods of manufacture of orally-dissolvable, edible films as a vehicle for the non-invasive administration of nitroglycerin, as well as other therapeutic agents either with or without nitroglycerin, through the mucosal tissues of the oral cavity. The films include a water soluble film-forming polymer such as pullulan. Methods for producing the films are also disclosed.05-17-2012
20120195974CONTROLLING MEALYBUGS - The invention disclosed in this document concerns controlling mealybugs.08-02-2012
424629000 With added organic compound 1
20120070511MITOCHONDRIAL INHIBITORS AND USES THEREOF - Compositions which modulate mitochondrial functions treat diseases associated with cells that are hyperactively using their endoplasmic reticulum. Screening assays identify agents which modulate mitochondrial functions.03-22-2012

Patent applications in all subclasses Arsenic

Website © 2025 Advameg, Inc.