| Class / Patent application number | Description | Number of patent applications / Date published |
|---|
| 313631000 | Having particular electrode structure | 58 |
| 20080203918 | Arc tube and projector - An arc tube includes: a tube spherical portion containing a pair of electrodes each of which has a shaft portion and a coil winding portion formed by winding coil around the shaft portion; and a pair of seal portions extending from both sides of the tube spherical portion. The coil winding portion of at least one of the electrodes has a coil portion formed by winding the coil at least once around the shaft portion in the longitudinal direction of the shaft portion, a tip disposed on the tip side of the coil portion, and a base disposed on the base side of the coil portion. The coil of the base positioned on the surface side of the electrode is melt-treated. The coil forming the base is not melted to be combined with the shaft portion. | 08-28-2008 |
| 20080218082 | Spark-Discharge Gap - A spark gap ( | 09-11-2008 |
| 20080224615 | Metal Halide Lamp and Lighting Device Using This - The arc tube | 09-18-2008 |
| 20080231191 | Electrode For a High Intensity Discharge Lamp - The invention relates to an electrode for a high intensity discharge lamp, at least consisting of an electrode head ( | 09-25-2008 |
| 20080252216 | Discharge Lamp and Electrode for Use in the Same - It is possible to enhance the luminance of a cold-cathode type discharge lamp and to contribute to a prolongation of service life thereof. A discharge lamp | 10-16-2008 |
| 20090015163 | Method for producing an electrode and gas discharge lamp having an electrode of this type - The invention relates to a gas discharge lamp having at least one electrode and to a method for producing an electrode. According to the invention, the structure of a section ( | 01-15-2009 |
| 20090026956 | COILED COIL ELECTRODE DESIGN FOR HIGH PRESSURE SODIUM LAMPS - A high pressure sodium discharge lamp includes an arc tube which encloses a discharge sustaining fill which comprises sodium. Electrodes extend into the fill for generating an arc discharge in the fill during operation of the lamp. At least one of the electrodes includes a coiled coil which supports an emitter material thereon. | 01-29-2009 |
| 20090102382 | High-pressure discharge lamp - A high-pressure discharge lamp which has a nominal output of less than 50 watt and is provided with a discharge vessel ( | 04-23-2009 |
| 20090121634 | Electrode for a Discharge Lamp and a Method for Producing Such an Electrode - The invention relates to an electrode for a discharge lamp (I) with a cylindrical shaft ( | 05-14-2009 |
| 20090121635 | Fused joint structure in a lamp tube and forming method therefor - A fused joint structure comprises a metallic foil; and a conductive member made of high melting point metal, wherein a concave portion is formed in the metallic foil and the conductive member on an area where the metallic foil is put together on a surface of the conductive member, and wherein a circumferential edge of the concave portion is covered with the conductive member. | 05-14-2009 |
| 20090134798 | DISCHARGE LAMP, ELECTRODE, AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING AN ELECTRODE PORTION OF A DISCHARGE LAMP - The invention relates to a discharge lamp comprising a sealed transparent bulb accommodating two electrodes, wherein at least one of said electrodes has at least a porous portion comprising first particles with a first mean particle site (μ | 05-28-2009 |
| 20090134799 | DISCHARGE LAMP, ELECTRODE, AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A COMPONENT OF A DISCHARGE LAMP - The invention relates to a discharge lamp comprising a sealed bulb that accommodates two electrodes ( | 05-28-2009 |
| 20090134800 | Electrode System for a Lamp - An electrode system for lamp engineering has at least one electrode holding rod and an electrode head, which are connected to one another by a soldering filler in a soldering process, the soldering filler being a sintered shaped part consisting of an essentially eutectic alloy. | 05-28-2009 |
| 20090140654 | Extra-high pressure discharge lamp - An extra-high pressure discharge lamp, comprises an optical transparent light emitting section, sealing sections connected to the light emitting section, a pair of electrodes which face each other in the light emitting section, wherein one of the electrodes having a thick portion, a thin portion and an intermediate portion which is formed between the thick portion and the thin portion, wherein 0.15 mg/mm | 06-04-2009 |
| 20090160340 | DIELECTRIC BARRIER DISCHARGE LAMP LIGHTING DEVICE - A dielectric barrier discharge lamp | 06-25-2009 |
| 20090184643 | ELECTRODE UNIT IN HIGH PRESSURE DISCHARGE LAMP - A combined cermet rod and electrode unit for use in a high pressure discharge lamp comprising a cermet rod for connection at its distal end to an electrode tip of the high pressure discharge lamp, and a current supply electrode for forming an electrical connection with the cermet rod. The current supply electrode is formed with a hollow tubular section which is positioned around a proximal end of the cermet rod in physical and electrical contact therewith. | 07-23-2009 |
| 20090195158 | Short arc type high-pressure discharge lamp - In a light emission portion of a short arc type high pressure discharge, a pair of electrodes, each of which has a block portion at a tip thereof, is provided, wherein a pseudo coil area made up of ring-like portions is formed in part of the block portion, and an unprocessed area whose diameter is approximately the same as that of the pseudo coil area is formed in a back side of the pseudo coil area. | 08-06-2009 |
| 20090236988 | ELECTRODE FOR DISCHARGE LAMP AND DISCHARGE LAMP - It is possible to obtain electrodes | 09-24-2009 |
| 20100039035 | Electrode for a Discharge Lamp - An electrode for a discharge lamp (I) with a core ( | 02-18-2010 |
| 20100045183 | LAMP COMPRISING A CONDUCTOR EMBEDDED IN THE QUARTZ GLASS ENVELOPE OF THE LAMP - A lamp comprising an envelope ( | 02-25-2010 |
| 20100045184 | METAL HALIDE LAMP - A metal halide lamp is comprised of an airtight tube ( | 02-25-2010 |
| 20100134004 | HOT-CATHODE FLUORESCENT LAMP - The present invention provides a hot cathode discharge lamp comprising an electrode that has a filament coil, a first and a second connection-reinforcing members ( | 06-03-2010 |
| 20100156293 | Short arc type discharge lamp - A short arc type discharge lamp has a pair of electrodes, at least one of which has an electrode body and an axis part. A taper part is formed at a base side of the electrode body. Plural holes extending in an axis direction of the electrode in line are formed at the taper part. | 06-24-2010 |
| 20100171422 | HIGH INTENSITY DISCHARGE LAMP - A high intensity discharge lamp comprising a discharge vessel having a wall enclosing a discharge space, an ionizable material contained in said space, and at least two electrodes each having an embedded portion and an electrode shaft extending from the wall of the discharge vessel and ending with a tip of the electrode, the electrodes being arranged in said space for establishment of an electric arc between said tips. Each of the electrode shafts of the electrodes comprises a thickened portion arranged between the embedded portion and the tip of the electrode, a first shaft section extending between the embedded portion and the thickened portion, the first shaft section having a first length and a first shaft diameter, and a second shaft section extending between the thickened portion and the tip of the electrode, the second shaft section having a second length and a second shaft diameter. The thickened portion has a greater overall diameter than any of the first and second shaft diameters thereby having a higher specific surface than the specific surface of the first shaft section and the specific surface of the second shaft section, respectively, and being arranged to limit the temperature of the electrode shaft at the inner wall by heat dissipation. The thickened portion has a minimum distance from the inner wall of at least 50% of the first shaft diameter, the length of the second shaft section is at least 100% of the second shaft diameter, and the first length is at most equal to the second length. | 07-08-2010 |
| 20100219753 | STABILIZED EMISSIVE STRUCTURES AND METHODS OF MAKING - An emitter is disclosed. The emitter includes a a base layer comprising an array of nanocavities on an emission surface of the base layer, wherein facets of the nanocavities are substantially along equivalent crystallographic planes of one or more families of planes having substantially equal surface energies, wherein the equivalent crystallographic planes have surface energies equal to or lower than a surface energy of the crystallographic plane of the emission surface. Methods of making such emitters and radiation sources including such emitters are also disclosed. | 09-02-2010 |
| 20100244688 | DIELECTRIC BARRIER DISCHARGE LAMP - It is provided a dielectric barrier discharge lamp ( | 09-30-2010 |
| 20100308723 | ELECTRODE FOR A HIGH-PRESSURE DISCHARGE LAMP, AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF - An electrode for a high-pressure discharge lamp, cut out in one piece from a rod or pin is provided. The electrode may include an electrode head as first segment; and a shaft as second segment, wherein the electrode has an asymmetrical shape which has been produced by means of a sublimation laser. | 12-09-2010 |
| 20110037385 | ELECTRODE FOR ULTRA-HIGH PRESSURE MERCURY LAMP AND ULTRA-HIGH PRESSURE MERCURY LAMP - Disclosed is a tungsten electrode for ultra-high pressure mercury lamps comprising an electrode rod, a first coil wound around the front end side of the electrode, and a second coil wound around the electrode rod starting from the end of the first coil. The tungsten wire of the first coil is smaller in diameter than the tungsten wire of the second coil. | 02-17-2011 |
| 20110043110 | High pressure discharge lamp - A high pressure discharge lamp comprises a pair of electrodes that face each other in an electric discharge container, wherein an electrode axis of each electrode is buried in a sealing portion, each electrode axis is joined to a metallic foil, two or more grooves are formed in an axis direction on a portion of the electrode axis, which corresponds to the sealing portion, an upper shoulder portion of each groove is formed in a shape of a curved surface, a diameter of the electrode axis is 0.3 mm to 1 mm, and a curvature radius of the curved surface upper shoulder portion is 5 μm-50 μm. | 02-24-2011 |
| 20110121724 | FILAMENT FOR FLUORESCENT LAMP - The present invention relates to a filament for a fluorescent lamp, having a structure that can increase an amount of emitter applied thereto, and having optimized cold resistance (Rc) and a heat resistance (Rh) which capable of recognizing appropriate temperature thereof by which evaporation or scattering of the emitter can be decreased and maintaining a temperature thereof within an appropriate range, thereby reducing a loss rate of the emitter applied to the filament to increase the lifespan of the fluorescent lamp. The filament includes an inner coil wound in a spiral shape in one direction, a core wire wound in a spiral shape to surround the inner coil in a longitudinal direction of the inner coil, and an outer coil wound in a spiral shape to surround the core wire and surrounding the inner coil together with the core wire and characterized in that a ratio (Rh/Rc) between a heat resistance Rh and a cold resistance Rc of the filament is 4.8 to 6.2. | 05-26-2011 |
| 20110121725 | ELECTRODE FOR HIGH PRESSURE DISCHARGE LAMP, HIGH PRESSURE DISCHARGE LAMP, AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING ELECTRODE FOR HIGH PRESSURE DISCHARGE LAMPTECHNICAL FIELD - Provided is an electrode for a high pressure discharge lamp, which prevents spring-back of an electrode coil, and which has high productivity and high accuracy in positioning the coil. The electrode for the high pressure discharge lamp includes: an electrode core bar ( | 05-26-2011 |
| 20110133641 | ELECTRODE DEVICE FOR GAS DISCHARGE SOURCES AND METHOD OF OPERATING A GAS DISCHARGE SOURCE HAVING THIS ELECTRODE DEVICE - The present invention relates to an electrode device for gas discharge sources, a gas discharge source comprising such an electrode device and to a method of operating the gas discharge source. The electrode device comprises an electrode wheel ( | 06-09-2011 |
| 20110140601 | ELECTRODE STRUCTURES FOR DISCHARGE LAMPS - An electrode structure configured to operate in a discharge lamp and a method to make such an electrode structure are described. The electrode structure includes an electrode head portion comprising a plurality of raised features arranged in a configuration such that an average pitch of the plurality of raised features is at least 105%. The method includes providing an electrode configured to operate in the discharge lamp and forming raised features on an electrode head portion of the electrode at an average pitch of at least 105%. | 06-16-2011 |
| 20110273088 | SURGE ABSORBER | 11-10-2011 |
| 20110291556 | GAS DISCHARGE LAMP - A gas discharge lamp includes a lamp tube, two electrodes and an electron emitter. The lamp tube has a hermetic discharge chamber filled with a rare gas and two sealing neck portions. Each of the sealing neck portions has a metallic foil disposed therein. Each of the two electrodes includes an emitting part and a connecting part. The connecting part is connected to a metallic wire via the metallic foil. The metallic wire extends out of the sealing neck portion to form a circuit contact. The electron emitter is made of a conductive material and electrically connected to one of the electrodes. A portion of the electron emitter disposed in the hermetic discharge chamber, and a diameter of an end of the electron emitter in the hermetic discharge chamber is less than an outer diameter of the connecting part. | 12-01-2011 |
| 20120146497 | HIGH-PRESSURE DISCHARGE LAMP - In various embodiments, a high pressure discharge lamp may comprise a ceramic elongate discharge vessel with an axis and with a central middle part and two tapering ends, wherein the ends are closed by seals containing electrode systems, and wherein a filling comprising metal halides is situated in the discharge vessel, in which the lamp further comprises a fin-like structure including at least three fins located on at least one tapering end, the structure comprising an attachment having a leading root directly on the discharge vessel and having a trailing root from which an undercut extends in the direction of the seal, wherein the axial length of the attachment is chosen and wherein the axial length of the undercut is at least 30% of the length of the attachment. | 06-14-2012 |
| 20120146498 | HIGH-INTENSITY DISCHARGE LAMP - A lamp having: an arc tube ( | 06-14-2012 |
| 20120153819 | ELECTRODE, MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREFOR, AND HIGH PRESSURE DISCHARGE LAMP - In an electrode having a structure in which a coil is wound around an electrode rod, an ignition performance is ensured while preventing abnormal discharge and sputtering, an appropriate electrode temperature is obtained during drive, and having this operation maintained even if the lamp is repeatedly turned on and off. A discharge lamp electrode ( | 06-21-2012 |
| 20120169225 | ELECTRODE FOR DISCHARGE LAMP, METHOD OF MANUFACTURING ELECTRODE FOR DISCHARGE LAMP, AND DISCHARGE LAMP - An electrode for a discharge lamp is provided with a mayenite compound in at least a part of the electrode that emits secondary electrons, and the mayenite compound is fired in a vacuum atmosphere with an oxygen partial pressure of 10 | 07-05-2012 |
| 20130093319 | HIGH INTENSITY DISCHARGE LAMP WITH CROWN AND FOIL IGNITION AID - A high intensity discharge lamp includes an electrically insulating arc tube including a central portion with an interior discharge region and two legs each extending from an end of the central portion. The central portion is a larger size than the legs. Electrical conductors extend through each of the legs and are spaced apart from each other in the discharge region. A light transmitting envelope encloses the arc tube. A frame member is electrically attached to one of the conductors. An ignition aid includes an electrically conductive foil disposed around one of the legs and in electrical contact with the frame member. An electrically conductive crown disposed in electrical contact with the foil is located on or near the central portion. | 04-18-2013 |
| 20130119859 | GAS DISCHARGE LAMP AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF - A gas discharge lamp including a crystal tube, a connecting portion and a metal electrode rod is provided. The crystal tube includes at least one terminal portion and an axial segment. The terminal portion is located at an end of the axial segment. The connecting portion is constituted by N glass ring bands. The glass ring bands are connected to the terminal portion along the axial line in sequence. The first glass ring band connected to the terminal portion has a first coefficient of thermal expansion. The metal electrode rod is embedded in the terminal portion, and an end of the metal electrode rod away from the terminal portion is connected to the N | 05-16-2013 |
| 20130249391 | SPARK GAP SWITCH FOR HIGH POWER ULTRA-WIDEBAND ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE RADIATION FOR STABILIZED DISCHARGE - A spark gap switch for high power ultra-wideband electromagnetic wave radiation is provided. The spark gap switch includes a casing, electrodes, brackets and an electrode protrusion. Openings are formed in respective opposite ends of the casing. The electrodes are installed in the casing at positions spaced apart from each other in such a way that the electrodes face each other and are disposed inside the openings. The brackets are installed in the respective openings of the casing. The brackets fasten rear ends of the corresponding electrodes to the casing. The electrode protrusion is provided on a central portion of at least either of the electrodes to induce stabilized discharge. The maximum diameter of the electrodes is smaller than the inner diameter of the casing so that the circumferential outer surfaces of the electrodes do not make contact with the circumferential inner surface of the casing. | 09-26-2013 |
| 20140125223 | ELECTRODE, AND HIGH-PRESSURE DISCHARGE LAMP COMPRISING SAID ELECTRODE - An electrode ( | 05-08-2014 |
| 20140159570 | DISCHARGE TUBE AND LIGHT-EMITTING APPARATUS PROVIDED WITH DISCHARGE TUBE - A discharge tube of the present invention includes a glass bulb in which noble gas is enclosed, a pair of electrodes protruding from both ends of the glass bulb in the longitudinal direction of the glass bulb, and a connector connected to each of the electrodes. Each of the electrodes includes at least an axis section and a large-diameter section with a step section and a circumferential face. The step section has a first latching section for latching onto the connector. The circumferential face has a contact section with which the connector comes in contact. The connector includes a connector body into which the electrode is inserted, a second latching section for latching onto the first latching section of the electrode, and a connecting section connected to the contact section of the electrode. This achieves a discharge tube with high connection reliability and high heat radiation efficiency, and a light-emitting apparatus provided with this discharge tube. | 06-12-2014 |
| 20140232260 | DISCHARGE LAMP - The invention describes a discharge lamp ( | 08-21-2014 |
| 20140239804 | DEVICES AND METHODS RELATED TO FLAT GAS DISCHARGE TUBES - Disclosed are devices and methods related to flat gas discharge tubes (GDTs). In some embodiments, a plurality of GDTs can be fabricated from an insulator plate having a first side and a second side, with the insulator plate defining a plurality of openings. Each opening can be covered by first and second electrodes on the first and second sides of the insulator plate to thereby define an enclosed gas volume configured for GDT operation. Various examples related to such GDTs, including electrode configurations, opening configurations, pre-ionization features, grouping of a GDT with another GDT or device, and packaging configurations, are disclosed. | 08-28-2014 |
| 20160044774 | LIGHT SOURCE WITH LASER PUMPING AND METHOD FOR GENERATING RADIATION - Invention provides extending the functional possibilities of a light source with laser pumping due to increasing its spatial and energy stability, brightness and the reliability under long-term operation whilst ensuring compactness of the device. The result is achieved due to the fact that a focused laser beam is directed into a region of radiating plasma from the bottom upwards: from the lower wall of a chamber to an upper wall of the chamber which is opposite said lower wall, and the region of radiating plasma is arranged close to the upper wall of the chamber. In embodiments of the invention, the focused laser beam is directed along a vertical axis of symmetry of the walls of the chamber, the region of radiating plasma is produced at an optimally small distance away from the upper wall of the chamber and predetermined radiation power is maintained via an automated control system. | 02-11-2016 |
| 313632000 | Cathode or anode | 11 |
| 20100045185 | CATHODE FOR DISCHARGE LAMP AND DISCHARGE LAMP USING THE SAME - A cathode for a discharge lamp contains emitter material, wherein a carbide layer is formed on an outer surface of the cathode, the carbide layer is formed on an area extending from a tip portion of the cathode, and two or more grooves extending toward the tip portion of the cathode are formed on the area where the carbide layer is formed. | 02-25-2010 |
| 20100156294 | DISCHARGE LAMP HAVING A CATHODE WITH CARBON SOLID-SOLVED IN A TUNGSTEN METAL SUBSTRATE OF THE CATHODE - A discharge lamp having a cathode containing lanthanum oxide (La | 06-24-2010 |
| 20100244689 | SHORT ARC TYPE DISCHARGE LAMP - For stably supplying an electron emitting substance and preventing illuminance fluctuations, a cathode is provided made from a tungsten material containing an electron emitting substance and having a taper part a diameter of which becomes smaller towards a tip end, a tip end face formed at the tip end side of said taper part, and a fine hole extending from said tip end face in an interior of said cathode, wherein said fine hole is formed at said tip end face such that it extends over at least two tungsten crystal grains. The invention also relates to a short arc type discharge lamp comprising said cathode. | 09-30-2010 |
| 20120001541 | SHORT ARC TYPE DISCHARGE LAMP - A short arc type discharge lamp wherein a cathode and an anode are arranged opposite to each other in an interior of a light emitting tube and said cathode comprises a main part made from tungsten and a tip end part made from thoriated tungsten, wherein thorium oxide particles having been peripherally coated with thorium are contained in the tip end part of said cathode. | 01-05-2012 |
| 20120081002 | SHORT ARC TYPE DISCHARGE LAMP - A short arc type discharge lamp wherein a cathode and an anode are arranged opposite to each other in an interior of a light emitting tube and said cathode consists of a main body part with tungsten as the main constituent and an emitter part comprised of thoriated tungsten, wherein an oxygen content of the main body part of said cathode is lower than that of the emitter part, and band-shaped tungsten carbide is formed at the tip end face of the emitter part of said cathode. | 04-05-2012 |
| 20120319579 | Atmospheric Plasma Apparatus and Manufacturing Method Thereof - An atmospheric plasma apparatus and a method for manufacturing the same are disclosed. The atmospheric plasma apparatus includes an anode, a cathode, and an insulation medium disposed between the anode and the cathode. An ionizable gas is filled between the anode and the cathode. The cathode includes a plurality of plasma generating and removing units, each of which includes a plasma generating region and a plasma removing region. The plasma generating regions and the plasma removing regions are distributed uniformly and equal to each other in area. Any two plasma removing regions among every three plasma removing regions which are adjacent to each other have a same center-to-center distance. In this way, erosion caused by the plasma to the cathode and the insulation medium may be reduced to prolong the service life of the atmospheric plasma apparatus, and uniformity of cleaning of a substrate surface may be improved. | 12-20-2012 |
| 20130043787 | SHORT ARC TYPE DISCHARGE LAMP - A short arc type discharge lamp that includes a body member a light permeable member a pair of an anode and a cathode. The pair of the anode and cathode is arranged with a gap at a focal position of the reflective face. The cathode has a cathode tip portion that is approximately conic and a cathode rod portion. The anode has an anode tip portion that has a tapering portion and a flat tip end portion. Further, an outer diameter of the tip of the anode flat tip end portion is smaller than the outer diameter of the cathode rod portion, and an outer diameter of a back end of the anode tip portion is larger than that of the cathode rod portion. | 02-21-2013 |
| 20130214678 | FLASHTUBE AND STROBE APPARATUS - A flashtube of the present invention includes a glass tube, an anode-side electrode disposed at one end of the glass tube, and a cathode-side electrode disposed at the other end of the glass tube. The glass tube includes a first glass tube, and second glass tubes coupled to respective ends of the first glass tube via stage joint glass tubes. Each of the stage joint glass tube has a thermal expansion coefficient between the thermal expansion coefficient of the first glass tube and that of each of the second glass tube. A ratio of the outer diameter of the anode-side electrode to the inner diameter of the glass tube is 43.5% or higher. | 08-22-2013 |
| 20130313970 | SHORT ARC DISCHARGE LAMP - Disclosed herein is a short arc discharge lamp which has a cathode electrode structure formed by solid-phase bonding a tip part made of thoriated tungsten to a body part made of tungsten. According to the present invention, the bonding strength between the body part and the tip part is increased to the same level as the mechanical strength of tungsten, thus preventing a breakage from being caused on a junction interface. For this, on a section of the cathode electrode taken along a line perpendicular to the junction interface, in an arbitrary portion of 500 μm or more in length along the junction interface, when a length of the arbitrary portion along the junction interface is set to L | 11-28-2013 |
| 20130320845 | SHORT ARC DISCHARGE LAMP - Disclosed herein is a short arc discharge lamp which has a cathode electrode structure formed by solid-phase bonding a tip part made of thoriated tungsten to a body part made of tungsten. In the present invention, thorium can be reliably diffused onto the surface of the cathode electrode over a long period of time without stagnation of reduction of thorium oxide in the tip part. Therefore, satisfactory emission characteristics can be provided, whereby the arc stability is more reliable. The cathode electrode of the present invention is characterized in that potassium concentration of the body part is higher than potassium concentration of the tip part. | 12-05-2013 |
| 20140320002 | SHORT ARC DISCHARGE LAMP - A cathode for a discharge lamp in which an electron emitting section containing an easily electron emitting material at its end is provided that has simplified yet non-breakable structure and can reduce the manufacturing cost. A short arc discharge lamp includes an arc tube in which a cathode and an anode face each other and a xenon gas is enclosed. The cathode has an electron emitting section made from tungsten to which thorium is added as an easily electron emitting substance. The cathode also has an electrode body section made from tungsten to which no thorium is added. The electrode body section has a recess at a front end side. The electron emitting section has a circular truncated conical shape, a rear end side of the electron emitting section is received in the recess, and a front end side portion protrudes from the recess. | 10-30-2014 |
