| Class / Patent application number | Description | Number of patent applications / Date published |
|---|
| 164048000 | Direct application of electrical or wave energy to work | 77 |
| 20110048665 | CORROSION RESISTANCE FOR A LEACHING PROCESS - A corrosion resistance system is disclosed that can be used in conjunction with a leaching device for removal of a mold from a cast component. The corrosion resistance system includes a container having a working fluid, such as a caustic fluid. A cast component and mold is placed within the container and a power supply is coupled to the component. During operation of the corrosion resistance system the cast component can be configured as an anode or as a cathode to provide for anodic or cathodic corrosion resistance. In one form the power supply is connected with an electrical conductor to the container and the cast component placed in electrical coupling with the container. An inert gas purge can supply an inert gas to the container. A vacuum pump can be used to remove gas from the container. Furthermore, an oxygen getter can be used in some embodiments. | 03-03-2011 |
| 20120261085 | EXTREMELY LOW CARBON STEEL PLATE EXCELLENT IN SURFACE CHARACTERISTICS, WORKABILITY, AND FORMABILITY AND A METHOD OF PRODUCING EXTREMELY LOW CARBON CAST SLAB - A method of producing an extremely low carbon steel cast slab characterized by casting molten steel obtained by reducing the carbon concentration of the molten steel to 0.005 mass % or less, then adding Cu, Nb, and B to the molten steel, furthermore, and adjusting the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the molten steel to 0.01 mass % to 0.06 mass % and extremely low carbon steel plate comprised of steel containing C: 0.005 mass % or less, acid soluble Al: 0.005 mass % or less, and further Cu, Nb, and B, characterized in that the steel has fine oxides of a diameter of 0.5 μm to 30 μm dispersed in it in an amount of 1000 particles/cm | 10-18-2012 |
| 20130025812 | PLATFORM INTERCONNECTED WITH MID-BODY CORE INTERFACE FOR MOLDING AIRFOIL PLATFORMS - A method of molding a platform opening includes the steps of providing a main body core and a platform core, with the main body core having a portion that forms a portion of the platform. The platform core has at least one side portion that will form a side opening. Molten metal is directed around the cores within a mold and solidifies. The cores are removed, leaving cavities where the cores were within the molten metal, and includes an opening in a side face formed by the side portion of the platform body core. Lost core components are also disclosed and claimed. | 01-31-2013 |
| 20140216677 | METHOD OF PROCESSING A SUBSTRATE - In a method of processing a substrate in accordance with an embodiment, a trench may be formed in the substrate, a stamp device may be disposed at least in the trench; at least one part of the trench that is free from the stamp device may be at least partially filled with trench filling material; and the stamp device may be removed from the trench. | 08-07-2014 |
| 164492000 | To electrically heat work material | 55 |
| 20080295991 | Process for Producing Metal-Containing Castings, and Associated Apparatus - The invention relates to the field of materials sciences and relates to a method such as can be used, for example, for producing molded articles from metallic glasses. The object of the present invention lies in disclosing a method and an apparatus in which a good mold filling during casting is achieved in addition to high cooling rates. The object is attained by a method in which a metal-containing melt is introduced into an electrically conducting casting mold, the metal-containing melt and the mold being connected in an electrically conducting manner to the outputs of the same voltage source during the introduction into a casting mold, so that a preset current flows through the boundary interface between the melt and the mold. The object is furthermore attained through an apparatus in which there is an electrically conducting connection to a voltage source between a metal-containing melt and an electrically conducting mold for the melt. | 12-04-2008 |
| 20090165988 | TURBINE AIRFOIL CASTING METHOD - A method for making a turbine airfoil includes: (a) providing a mold having: (i) a core; (ii) an outer shell surrounding the core such that the core and the outer shell cooperatively define a cavity in the shape of an airfoil having at least one outer wall; and (iii) a core support extending from the core to the outer shell through a portion of the cavity that defines the at least one sidewall; (b) introducing molten metal alloy into the cavity and surrounding the core support; (c) solidifying the alloy to form an airfoil casting having at least one outer wall which has at least one core support opening passing therethrough; (d) removing the mold so as to expose the airfoil; and (e) sealing the at least one core support opening in the airfoil with a metal alloy metallurgically bonded to the at least one outer wall. | 07-02-2009 |
| 20100044003 | INSERT MOLDING - A method and apparatus involve positioning an insert within a cavity of a mold, heating an insert wall within the cavity of the mold, and casting a molten metal into the cavity adjacent the insert. A surface of the insert absorbs heat from the molten metal to melt and fuse to the molten metal. | 02-25-2010 |
| 20100200189 | METHOD OF FABRICATING TURBINE AIRFOILS AND TIP STRUCTURES THEREFOR - A method for making a turbine airfoil includes providing a mold core and an outer shell which cooperatively define a cavity in the shape of a hollow airfoil having an outer wall, a root, and a tip. A tip portion of the core extends completely through the portion of the cavity defining the tip of the airfoil. The core is restrained to prevent movement between the core and outer shell. Molten metal is introduced into the cavity and solidified to form an airfoil having at least one outer wall which defines an open tip and a hollow interior. A metallic tip cap is formed on the outer wall which substantially closes off the open tip. The tip cap may be formed by packing the airfoil with metallic powder; and laser sintering the exposed powder so as to form a tip cap which is metallurgically bonded to the outer wall. | 08-12-2010 |
| 20120037332 | USE OF ALUMINUM-ZIRCONIUM-TITANIUM-CARBON INTERMEDIATE ALLOY IN WROUGHT PROCESSING OF MAGNESIUM AND MAGNESIUM ALLOYS - The present invention relates to the field of magnesium and magnesium alloy processing, and discloses the use of aluminum-zirconium-titanium-carbon (Al—Zr—Ti—C) intermediate alloy in wrought processing of magnesium and magnesium alloys, wherein the aluminum-zirconium-titanium-carbon intermediate alloy has a chemical composition of: 0.01% to 10% Zr, 0.01% to 10% Ti, 0.01% to 0.3% C, and Al in balance, based on weight percentage; the wrought processing is plastic molding; and the use is to refine the grains of magnesium or magnesium alloys. The present invention further discloses the method for using the aluminum-zirconium-titanium-carbon (Al—Zr—Ti—C) intermediate alloy in casting and rolling magnesium and magnesium alloys. The present invention provides an aluminum-zirconium-titanium-carbon (Al—Zr—Ti—C) intermediate alloy and the use thereof in the plastic wrought processing of magnesium or magnesium alloys as a grain refiner. The aluminum-zirconium-titanium-carbon intermediate alloy has the advantages of great ability in nucleation and good grain refining effect, and achieves the continuous and large-scale production of wrought magnesium and magnesium alloy materials. | 02-16-2012 |
| 20120043050 | USE OF ALUMINUM-ZIRCONIUM-CARBON INTERMEDIATE ALLOY IN WROUGHT PROCESSING OF MAGNESIUM AND MAGNESIUM ALLOYS - The present invention relates to the field of magnesium and magnesium alloy processing, and discloses a use of aluminum-zirconium-carbon (Al—Zr—C) intermediate alloy in wrought processing of magnesium and magnesium alloys, wherein the aluminum-zirconium-carbon intermediate alloy has a chemical composition of: 0.01% to 10% Zr, 0.01% to 0.3% C, and Al in balance, based on weight percentage; the wrought processing is plastic molding; and the use is to refine the grains of magnesium or magnesium alloys. The present invention further discloses the method for using the aluminum-zirconium-carbon (Al—Zr—C) intermediate alloy in casting and rolling magnesium and magnesium alloys. The present invention provides an aluminum-zirconium-carbon (Al—Zr—C) intermediate alloy and the use thereof in the plastic wrought processing of magnesium or magnesium alloys as a grain refiner. The aluminum-zirconium-carbon intermediate alloy has the advantages of great ability in nucleation and good grain refining effect, and achieves the continuous and large-scale production of wrought magnesium and magnesium alloy materials. | 02-23-2012 |
| 20120090805 | SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR A THERMISTOR FURNACE - Systems, apparatus, methods, and articles of manufacture that provide for a thermistor furnace, such as for melting, casting, and/or smelting loads (e.g., precious metals, other metals such as titanium, and/or thermoset plastics), are provided. In some embodiments, the thermistor furnace may comprise a vacuum spin casting apparatus capable of utilizing various types and configurations of molds, such as graphite and/or plaster molds. | 04-19-2012 |
| 20120138258 | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING AN ENGINE COMPONENT - A method for manufacturing an engine component includes forming the component by deposition of powder, which is melted by a heat source, in subsequent Layers to form the component into a desired shape, the component having an outer surface, and re-melting at least part of the outer surface. | 06-07-2012 |
| 20120160443 | GAS TURBINE ENGINE COMPONENT MATERIAL ADDITION PROCESS - A material addition process is described that includes coupling a plate to a gas turbine engine component and adding material to the plate. In one embodiment the gas turbine engine component can be processed by removing a portion that is damaged, such as a portion that includes a crack. A material can be deposited on the plate and built up in layers to replace the removed portion. The material can be layered upon the plate such that its thickness through the layers is smaller than a reach of the layers in a direction of the layer. The plate can be removed in whole or in part after a material has been added. In one form the material can be added by direct laser deposition. In one embodiment a metal powder is fused using a laser. Excess buildup can be removed to reveal a net shape article. | 06-28-2012 |
| 20130228302 | PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ARTICLES MADE OF A GAMMA-PRIME PRECIPITATION-STRENGTHENED NICKEL-BASE SUPERALLOY BY SELECTIVE LASER MELTING (SLM) - A process for producing a crack-free and dense three-dimensional article of a gamma-prime precipitation-strengthened nickel-base superalloy, with more than 6 wt. % of [2 Al (wt. %)+Ti (wt. %)], which involves: (a) preparing a powder layer of a gamma-prime precipitation-strengthened nickel-based alloy material, with uniform thickness on a SLM apparatus substrate plate, or on a previously processed powder layer; (b) melting the prepared powder layer by scanning with a focused laser beam an article cross section area according to a three-dimensional sliced model with calculated cross sections, stored in the SLM control unit; (c) lowering the substrate plate by one layer thickness; and (d) repeating (a) to (c) until reaching a final cross section according to the three-dimensional sliced model, wherein, for (b), the laser power, focus diameter of the focal spot, and scan speed of the focused laser beam are adjusted to obtain heat dissipation welding. | 09-05-2013 |
| 20130233507 | DIECASTING DIE AND DIECASTING METHOD - The invention relates to a diecasting die ( | 09-12-2013 |
| 20130312928 | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THIN-WALLED STRUCTURES IN LAYERS - The invention concerns a method for manufacturing at least one thin-walled structure ( | 11-28-2013 |
| 20160001358 | METHODS OF FORMING A LAYER OF CLADDING MATERIAL ON A COMPONENT, AND A RELATED SYSTEM - A method of forming a layer of cladding material on a component includes performing a metal deposition process to deposit cladding material onto a surface of the component and onto a mold member. A metallurgical bond is formed between the cladding material and the component, but not between the cladding material and the mold member. The mold member may be removed after the metal deposition process, and the layer of cladding material can be processed to modify its shape. | 01-07-2016 |
| 20160045952 | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING HOLLOW INGOT FOR RETAINING RING OF LARGE GENERATOR BY ELECTROSLAG REMELTING - A method for manufacturing hollow ingot for retaining ring of large generator by electroslag remelting, comprising the following steps: (1) preparing consumable electrode assemblies; (2) melting slag into molten slag; (3) inserting one consumable electrode assembly into an electroslag remelting hollow ingot mold; (4) switching on two transformers; (5) pouring the molten slag into the electroslag remelting hollow ingot mold; (6) forming a current circuit among a stub, the consumable electrode assembly and a water-cooled bottom plate; (7) forming a current circuit among the upper segment, the water-cooled bottom plate and the transformer; (8) regulating the output current and voltage of the two transformers; (9) starting a withdrawing device to withdraw; (10) exchanging the consumable electrode assembly; (11) inserting a subsequent consumable electrode assembly into the molten slag, and repeating steps (8) to (10) until withdrawing is completed. | 02-18-2016 |
| 164493000 | By electrical induction | 33 |
| 20080251233 | INTEGRATED PROCESS CONTROL SYSTEM FOR ELECTRIC INDUCTION METAL MELTING FURNACES - An integrated process control installation is provided for electric induction metal melting furnaces with variable furnace states. The integrated process control installation can include supporting charge delivery and slag removal installations, and furnace process operations for process control of melting metal in the furnaces. The variable furnace states, supporting installations, and furnace process operations are controlled by a supporting processing installation, while a robotic apparatus performs the furnace process operations. | 10-16-2008 |
| 20090038772 | INDUCTION MELTING APPARATUS EMPLOYING HALIDE TYPE CRUCIBLE, PROCESS FOR PRODUCING THE CRUCIBLE, METHOD OF INDUCTION MELTING, AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING INGOT OF ULTRAHIGH-PURITY FE-, NI-, OR CO-BASED ALLOY MATERIAL - There is provided an induction-melting apparatus capable of exhibiting high refining performance without inflicting damage to a crucible even if a halide-compound base refining flux is used upon induction-melting of an ultrahigh-purity high melting-point metal, having a melting point reaching 1500° C., and a method for induction-melting using the same. There is also provided a melting method for enabling production of ultrahigh-purity Fe-base, Ni-base, and Co-base alloying materials, each having an impurity level of (C+O+N+S+P)<100 ppm, and Ca<10 ppm, and in the form of a large ingot. Further, with the induction-melting apparatus, a plurality of tubular segments are disposed so as to be cylindrical in shape, a gap in a range of 1.5 to 15 mm in distance is provided between the respective tubular segments adjacent to each other, and a layer composed of any substance selected from the group consisting of single chemical elements of halides of metal elements of the specific of the Periodic Table of the Elements, or from mixtures of the halides, oxides, and carbides, or nitrides of the metal elements is formed in each of the gaps, and on an inner peripheral surface of a peripheral body part of a crucible. There is also provided method for induction-melting an Fe-base alloy, and so forth, using a halide-base flux while forcibly cooling the crucible. A refining flux composed of any selected from the group consisting of metal elements of the Groups IA, IIA, or IIIA of the Periodic Table of the Elements, oxides thereof, halides thereof, halide single elements or halides selected from the group of halides, or mixtures of the metal elements, and the oxides thereof is added to be thereby turned into a molten state, primary melting is executed by holding a state of a molten metal being in contact with the refining flux before tapping, the molten metal is caused to undergo solidification inside a mold, thereby producing a primary ingot and subsequently secondary melting is executed by an electron-beam melting method whereby while the primary ingot is sequentially melted in a water-cooled copper mold at a low pressure, the molten metal as-solidified state is pulled out from an outlet side of the water-cooled copper mold, thereby forming an ingot product. | 02-12-2009 |
| 20100000706 | Method for production of turbine blades by centrifugal casting - The invention concerns a method for production of a turbine blades by centrifugal casting, the turbine blade having a leading edge portion with a first thickness and a flowing-off edge portion with a second thickness being smaller than the first thickness, comprising the following steps:
| 01-07-2010 |
| 20100012288 | Casting Devices and Methods - A casting device includes a covered crucible having a top opening and a bottom orifice, a lid covering the top opening, a stopper rod sealing the bottom orifice, and a reusable mold having at least one chamber, a top end of the chamber being open to and positioned below the bottom orifice and a vacuum tap into the chamber being below the top end of the chamber. A casting method includes charging a crucible with a solid material and covering the crucible, heating the crucible, melting the material, evacuating a chamber of a mold to less than 1 atm absolute through a vacuum tap into the chamber, draining the melted material into the evacuated chamber, solidifying the material in the chamber, and removing the solidified material from the chamber without damaging the chamber. | 01-21-2010 |
| 20100212856 | Method and Device for Producing a Metal Strip by Continuous Casting and Rolling - The invention relates to a method for producing a metal strip ( | 08-26-2010 |
| 20110036535 | METHOD OF MITIGATING AGAINST THERMAL CONTRACTION INDUCED CRACKING DURING CASTING OF A SUPER NI ALLOY - A method of mitigating against thermal contraction induced cracking during casting of a super Ni alloy, the method comprising: pouring liquid alloy into a mould such that liquid alloy is present in a feeder of said mould; and inducing an electrical current in alloy in said feeder to reduce a rate of cooling of alloy in said feeder. | 02-17-2011 |
| 20110094705 | METHODS FOR CENTRIFUGALLY CASTING HIGHLY REACTIVE TITANIUM METALS - Methods for centrifugally casting a highly reactive titanium metal involving providing a cold wall induction crucible having a plurality of induction coils and a removable bottom plate, using a power source to heat a titanium metal charge in the induction crucible to obtain a molten metal, preheating a secondary crucible and placing the preheated secondary crucible into a centrifugal casting machine, positioning the centrifugal casting machine having the secondary crucible beneath the induction crucible, withdrawing the bottom plate of the induction crucible and turning off the power source to the induction crucible to allow the molten metal to fall from the induction crucible into the secondary crucible, and accelerating the secondary crucible to centrifugally force the molten metal into a casting mold to produce a cast component. | 04-28-2011 |
| 20120018115 | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A 3-DIMENSIONAL COMPONENT BY SELECTIVE LASER MELTING (SLM) - A process produces a 3-dimensional component ( | 01-26-2012 |
| 20120145353 | METHOD FOR PRODUCING ALLOY INGOT - Disclosed is a method for producing alloy ingot including: a step of: charging alloy starting material into a cold crucible in a cold-crucible induction melter, and forming melt pool of the alloy starting material by induction heating in inert gas atmosphere; a step of continuing the induction heating and adding first refining agent to the melt pool, and then reducing the content of at least phosphorus from among impurity elements present in the melt pool; and a step of forming alloy ingot by solidifying the melt, the phosphorus content of which has been reduced. The first refining agent is mixture of metallic Ca and flux, where the flux contains CaF | 06-14-2012 |
| 20120279678 | Systems and Methods for Forming and Processing Alloy Ingots - Processes and methods related to producing, processing, and hot working alloy ingots are disclosed. An alloy ingot is formed including an inner ingot core and an outer layer metallurgically bonded to the inner ingot core. The processes and methods are characterized by a reduction in the incidence of surface cracking of the alloy ingot during hot working. | 11-08-2012 |
| 20130160967 | CASTING METHODS FOR MAKING ARTICLES HAVING A FINE EQUIAXED GRAIN STRUCTURE - Methods for casting a metallic material to form a component are described. The component can be a superalloy-containing turbine part, for example. The general method includes the step of pouring the metallic material, in molten form, into an investment mold; and then rapidly immersing the entire investment mold into a bath that contains a low-melting liquid coolant metal, so as to achieve substantially uniform, multi-directional heat transfer out of the molten material. The molten material that solidifies to form the component is characterized by a fine-grained, equiaxed grain structure. Related embodiments include the use of two ingots that constitute the superalloy material. One ingot includes the oxygen-reactive elements, and is prepared by a vacuum-melting technique. The other ingot includes the remainder of the elements, and can be prepared by a number of techniques, such as air-melting processes. | 06-27-2013 |
| 20130277007 | SINGLE PIECE CASTING OF REACTIVE ALLOYS - A method of vacuum induction melting a charge of material includes preheating a mold; inserting the charge into the mold; placing the mold into a chamber; reducing an operating pressure within the chamber; induction melting the charge within the mold; allowing material of the charge to fill a cavity defined within the mold; applying electromagnetic pressure to the charge within the mold; and applying an electromagnetic field to material of the charge positioned within the cavity defined within the mold. | 10-24-2013 |
| 20140041825 | MACHINE FOR FORMING METAL BARS - There is provided a machine for forming metal bars particularly suitable for melting and the subsequent continuous solidification of precious metal such as gold, silver, precious alloys, as well as other pure metals or different alloys, in the form of powder, grits or swarf of various sizes, for producing ingots having weights varying from 50 g to 50 kg. The machine having six operating stations arranged in succession. | 02-13-2014 |
| 20140054002 | ENERGY-SAVING STEEL PRODUCTION APPARATUS AND METHOD THEREOF - The present invention relates to a energy-saving steel production apparatus, including an hot-rolling production line and a continuous casting equipment ( | 02-27-2014 |
| 20140083645 | COLD CHAMBER DIE CASTING WITH MELT CRUCIBLE UNDER VACUUM ENVIRONMENT - Exemplary embodiments described herein relate to methods and systems for casting metal alloys into articles such as BMG articles. In one embodiment, processes involved for storing, pre-treating, alloying, melting, injecting, molding, etc. can be combined as desired and conducted in different chambers. During these processes, each chamber can be independently, separately controlled to have desired chamber environment, e.g., under vacuum, in an inert gas environment, or open to the surrounding environment. Due to the flexible, independent control of each chamber, the casting cycle time can be reduced and the production throughput can be increased. Contaminations of the molten materials and thus the final products are reduced or eliminated. | 03-27-2014 |
| 20140083646 | COUNTER-GRAVITY CASTING OF HOLLOW SHAPES - The embodiments described herein relate to methods and apparatus for counter-gravity formation of BMG-containing hollow parts. In one embodiment, the BMG-containing hollow parts may be formed by first feeding a molten metal alloy in a counter-gravity direction into a mold cavity to deposit the molten metal alloy on a surface of the mold cavity and then solidifying the deposited molten metal alloy. | 03-27-2014 |
| 20140090799 | MELT-CONTAINMENT PLUNGER TIP FOR HORIZONTAL METAL DIE CASTING - Various embodiments provide apparatus and methods for injection molding. In one embodiment, a constraining plunger may be configured in-line with an injection plunger to transfer a molten material from a melt zone and into a mold. The constraining and injection plungers are configured to constrain the molten material there-between while moving. The constrained molten material can be controlled to have an optimum surface area to volume ratio to provide minimized heat loss during the injection molding process. The system can be configured in a longitudinal direction (e.g., horizontally) for movement between the melt zone and mold along a longitudinal axis. A molded bulk amorphous object can be ejected from the mold. | 04-03-2014 |
| 20140102661 | INLINE MELT CONTROL VIA RF POWER - Various embodiments provide apparatus and methods for melting materials and for containing the molten materials within melt zone during melting. Exemplary apparatus may include a vessel configured to receive a material for melting therein; a load induction coil positioned adjacent to the vessel to melt the material therein; and a containment induction coil positioned in line with the load induction coil. The material in the vessel can be heated by operating the load induction coil at a first RF frequency to form a molten material. The containment induction coil can be operated at a second RF frequency to contain the molten material within the load induction coil. Once the desired temperature is achieved and maintained for the molten material, operation of the containment induction coil can be stopped and the molten material can be ejected from the vessel into a mold through an ejection path. | 04-17-2014 |
| 20140182807 | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING TITANIUM INGOT - The present invention is a method for manufacturing a titanium ingot ( | 07-03-2014 |
| 20140246165 | SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR FORMING AND PROCESSING ALLOY INGOTS - Processes and methods related to producing, processing, and hot working alloy ingots are disclosed. An alloy ingot is formed including an inner ingot core and an outer layer metallurgically bonded to the inner ingot core. The processes and methods are characterized by a reduction in the incidence of surface cracking of the alloy ingot during hot working. | 09-04-2014 |
| 20140251572 | Vacuum or air casting using induction hot topping - A method and apparatus for vacuum or air casting a molten superalloy, or other metal or alloy, containing an oxygen-reactive alloying element to form a cast part involves introducing the molten metallic material (melt) into a preheated mold having a melt reservoir, such as for example a mold pour cup, and gating for feeding the melt to one or more mold cavities. An induction coil disposed locally adjacent to the mold pour cup is energized in a manner to locally heat excess melt left in the melt reservoir to maintain it molten as the melt solidifies under vacuum or in air in the mold cavity to avoid shrinkage defects in the cast part. | 09-11-2014 |
| 20140290901 | INGOT LOADING MECHANISM FOR INJECTION MOLDING MACHINE - Disclosed is an apparatus for loading one or more alloy ingots into a molding machine. The apparatus includes a holder configured to hold a plurality of the alloy ingots and dispense one or more of the alloy ingots into a melt zone of the molding machine through an opening in a mold of the machine. The holder is moved in a perpendicular direction with respect to an axis along a center of the opening in the mold between a first position in line with the opening in the mold to dispense one or more of the alloy ingots and a second position away from the opening in the mold. The apparatus can carry ingots of amorphous alloy material so that when the machine melts and molds the material, it forms a bulk amorphous alloy containing part. | 10-02-2014 |
| 20140318730 | COLD CHAMBER DIE CASTING OF AMORPHOUS ALLOYS USING COLD CRUCIBLE INDUCTION MELTING TECHNIQUES - Various embodiments provide systems and methods for casting amorphous alloys. Exemplary casting system may include an insertable and rotatable vessel configured in a non-movable induction heating structure for melting amorphous alloys to form molten materials in the vessel. While the molten materials remain heated, the vessel may be rotated to pour the molten materials into a casting device for casting them into articles. | 10-30-2014 |
| 20140332176 | INLINE MELT CONTROL VIA RF POWER - Various embodiments provide apparatus and methods for melting materials and for containing the molten materials within melt zone during melting. Exemplary apparatus may include a vessel configured to receive a material for melting therein; a load induction coil positioned adjacent to the vessel to melt the material therein; and a containment induction coil positioned in line with the load induction coil. The material in the vessel can be heated by operating the load induction coil at a first RF frequency to form a molten material. The containment induction coil can be operated at a second RF frequency to contain the molten material within the load induction coil. Once the desired temperature is achieved and maintained for the molten material, operation of the containment induction coil can be stopped and the molten material can be ejected from the vessel into a mold through an ejection path. | 11-13-2014 |
| 20140360695 | MELT-CONTAINMENT PLUNGER TIP FOR HORIZONTAL METAL DIE CASTING - Various embodiments provide apparatus and methods for injection molding. In one embodiment, a constraining plunger may be configured in-line with an injection plunger to transfer a molten material from a melt zone and into a mold. The constraining and injection plungers are configured to constrain the molten material there-between while moving. The constrained molten material can be controlled to have an optimum surface area to volume ratio to provide minimized heat loss during the injection molding process. The system can be configured in a longitudinal direction (e.g., horizontally) for movement between the melt zone and mold along a longitudinal axis. A molded bulk amorphous object can be ejected from the mold. | 12-11-2014 |
| 20150013932 | UNEVENLY SPACED INDUCTION COIL FOR MOLTEN ALLOY CONTAINMENT - Various embodiments provide an apparatus and methods for containing the molten materials within a melt zone during melting. The apparatus may include a vessel configured to receive a material for melting therein and an induction coil with unevenly spaced turns along its length. Induction coil can have a series of turns acting as a first (e.g., load) induction coil and a series of turns acting as a second (e.g., containment) induction coil. The material in the vessel can be heated and contained by the separated turns of the induction coil. A plunger can also assist in containing material during melting. Once the desired temperature is achieved and maintained for the molten material, operation of the induction coil can be stopped and the molten material can be ejected from the vessel into a mold using the plunger. | 01-15-2015 |
| 20150013933 | SLOTTED SHOT SLEEVE FOR INDUCTION MELTING OF MATERIAL - Disclosed are embodiments of a vessel configured to contain a secondary magnetic induction field therein for melting materials, and methods of use thereof. The vessel can be used in an injection molding apparatus having an induction coil positioned along a horizontal axis and adjacent to the vessel. The vessel can have a tubular body configured to substantially surround and receive a plunger tip. At least one longitudinal slot extends through the thickness of the body to allow and/or direct eddy currents into the vessel during application of an RF induction field from the coil. The body also includes temperature regulating lines configured to flow a liquid within. The temperature regulating lines can be provided to run longitudinally within the wall(s) of the body between its inner bore and outer surface(s). A flange may be provided at one end of the body to secure the body within an injection molding apparatus. | 01-15-2015 |
| 20150090421 | COLD CHAMBER DIE CASTING WITH MELT CRUCIBLE UNDER VACUUM ENVIRONMENT - Exemplary embodiments described herein related to methods and systems for casting metal alloys into articles such as BMG articles. In one embodiment, processes involved for storing, pre-treating, alloying, melting, injecting, molding, etc. can be combined as desired and conducted in different chambers. During these processes, each chamber can be independently, separately controlled to have desired chamber environment, e.g., under vacuum, in an inert gas environment, or open to the surrounding environment. Due to the flexible, independent control of each chamber, the casting cycle time can be reduced and the production throughput can be increased. Contaminations of the molten materials and thus the final products are reduced or eliminated. | 04-02-2015 |
| 20150144292 | CONTAINMENT GATE FOR INLINE TEMPERATURE CONTROL MELTING - Disclosed is an apparatus comprising at least one gate and a vessel, the gate being configured to move between a first position to restrict entry into an ejection path of the vessel and contain a material in a meltable form within the vessel during melting of the material, and a second position to allow movement of the material in a molten form through the ejection path. The gate can move linearly or rotate between its first and second positions, for example. The apparatus is configured to melt the material and the at least one gate is configured to allow the apparatus to be maintained under vacuum during the melting of the material. Melting can be performed using an induction source. The apparatus may also include a mold configured to receive molten material and for molding a molded part, such as a bulk amorphous alloy part. | 05-28-2015 |
| 20150298206 | INJECTION MOLDING AND CASTING OF MATERIALS USING A VERTICAL INJECTION MOLDING SYSTEM - An injection molding system and methods for improving performance of the same. The system includes a plunger rod and a melt zone that are provided in-line and on a vertical axis. The plunger rod is moved in a vertical direction through the melt zone to move molten material into a mold. The injection molding system can perform the melting and molding processes under a vacuum. Skull formation in molten material is reduced by providing an RF transparent sleeve in the melt zone and/or a skull trapping portion adjacent an inlet of the mold. It can also be controlled based on the melting unit. Vacuum evacuation can be reduced during part ejection by using a plunger seal, so that evacuation time between cycles is reduced. | 10-22-2015 |
| 20150298207 | INDUCTIVE COIL DESIGNS FOR THE MELTING AND MOVEMENT OF AMORPHOUS METALS - An apparatus with a vessel ( | 10-22-2015 |
| 20160121394 | DUAL VACUUM INDUCTION MELTING & CASTING - A furnace system for melting and casting metals, alloys, and superalloys and a related method. A melt chamber of the furnace system is configured and arranged to include at least two melt boxes, thereby increasing the volume of alloy charge that can be rendered molten during a single furnace heating cycle. Accordingly, a number of ceramic casting molds equal to the number of melt boxes can be used to form castings following a single furnace heating cycle. The ceramic casting molds can be pre-heated in an external oven before being introduced to the mold or loading chamber of the furnace system. The throughput of the furnace system is increased by the ability to pour more than one casting per alloy charge melting cycle. | 05-05-2016 |
| 20160136725 | METHOD FOR INDUCTION STIRRED, ULTRASONICALLY MODIFIED INVESTMENT CASTINGS - A method for making an equiaxed investment casting. The method utilizes an ultrasonic generator to send an ultrasonic pulse into molten metal in an investment casting mold. The investment casting mold is positioned within a working zone of furnace having low output induction coils for generating a convection current in molten metal. The ultrasonic pulse separates dendrites growing from the face of the mold inward into the molten metal. Instead, equiaxed grains can nucleate within the molten metal. In addition, the ultrasonic pulse and the low output induction coils circulate the molten metal as solute is rejected from solidifying equiaxed grains. The mixing reduces the effects of segregation in the solidifying alloy and assists in nucleating equiaxed grains. | 05-19-2016 |
| 164494000 | By electron beam | 5 |
| 20110308760 | APPARATUS FOR PRODUCTION OF METALLIC SLAB USING ELECTRON BEAM, AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF METALLIC SLAB USING THE APPARATUS - An apparatus and method allows the width of high-melting temperature reactive metallic slabs produced in an electron beam melting furnace to be easily changed. The apparatus for production of the metallic slabs by the electron beam melting has a metal melting part and a metal extraction part mutually separated by an air tight valve; a metal melting part has a melting chamber, electron gun, hearth, a mold of variable wall distance, and an air tight valve; and the metal extraction part has a slab chamber, an extraction base, an extracting shaft, and an drive unit for extracting the metal slab. The method for production of the metallic slab using this apparatus has a step of pulling a previous metallic slab produced in the rectangular mold out of the rectangular mold, a step of moving the short mold wall(s) of the rectangular mold to change the width of the rectangular mold, and a step of producing a subsequent metallic slab. | 12-22-2011 |
| 20120255701 | SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR CASTING METALLIC MATERIALS - Certain embodiments of a melting and casting apparatus comprising includes a melting hearth; a refining hearth fluidly communicating with the melting hearth; a receiving receptacle fluidly communicating with the refining hearth, the receiving receptacle including a first outflow region defining a first molten material pathway, and a second outflow region defining a second molten material pathway; and at least one melting power source oriented to direct energy toward the receiving receptacle and regulate a direction of flow of molten material along the first molten material pathway and the second molten material pathway. Methods for casting a metallic material also are disclosed. | 10-11-2012 |
| 20130112366 | PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING A METAL PART BY SELECTIVELY MELTING A POWDER - A method of fabricating a metal part by selectively melting a powder, the method including: building up layer by layer on a plate and simultaneously with the part, at least one holder and support element for the part, the element being spaced apart and distinct from the part and being separated therefrom by a gap filled with non-melted powder; after the part has been made completely, removing at least some of the powder remaining in the gap between the part and the element, for example by suction, blowing, or vibration; and separating the part from the plate. | 05-09-2013 |
| 20130199748 | FABRICATION OF HYBRID SOLID-POROUS MEDICAL IMPLANTABLE DEVICES WITH ELECTRON BEAM MELTING TECHNOLOGY - Systems and methods for fabrication of implantable medical devices using an Electron Beam Melting (EBM) manufacturing process are provided. According to one embodiment, an EBM manufacturing system is caused to perform a fabrication process that results in an implantable medical device of unitary construction having a solid volume and a porous volume. A layer of metal powder is spread across a build platform of the EBM manufacturing system. Portions of the layer of metal powder are selectively heated in accordance each portion's association with the solid volume or the porous volume by scanning the layer of metal powder with an electron beam of the EBM manufacturing system and adjusting a power of the electron beam and a speed of said scanning The build platform is lowered based on a predetermined layer thickness and the process of continues on a layer-by-layer basis until the implantable medical device is completed. | 08-08-2013 |
| 20140262124 | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A METAL PART FOR AN AIRCRAFT TURBO-ENGINE - A method for producing a metal part, the part including, in particular, a first set of elements having a small thickness, and a second set of elements having a large thickness, the method including: forming a peripheral portion of the elements of the second set of elements by selectively melting a powder by scanning the surface of the powder layer with a laser beam or with an electron beam; using the peripheral portion of the elements of the second set of elements as a mould by carrying out an operation of filling an inner area defined by the peripheral portion with liquid metal; cooling the metal part to solidify the inner area defined by the peripheral portion and filled with metal. | 09-18-2014 |
| 164495000 | By arc discharge | 3 |
| 20120298325 | Flexible minimum energy utilization electric arc furnace system and processes for making steel products - A combined arc furnace, ladle metallurgical furnace and vacuum degassing system having the flexibility to produce at least non-vacuum arc remelt, vacuum arc remelt, vacuum oxygen decarburized non-vacuum arc remelt, and vacuum oxygen decarburized vacuum arc remelt steels from one off to continuous casting end uses in steady state or randomized order which utilizes only a minimum of energy attributable to preheating hot metal contacting components of the system followed by heat loss reduction of the components and use of a carryover heel in the arc furnace, in which the throughput of the system is limited solely by the melting capacity of the arc furnace. | 11-29-2012 |
| 20150107797 | Flexible minimum energy utilization electric arc furnace system and processes for making steel products - In an electric arc furnace system for making steel, a method and structure (1) for eliminating teeming hang-ups and ensuring temperature homogeneity in a ladle which teems into an ingot mold by gas purging at all possible steps under both atmospheric and vacuum conditions, and (2) for preventing non-metallic inclusions from appearing in the final product by deflecting the granular material in the teeming ladle well block away from the ingot mold by a heat resistant but combustible deflector just prior to entry of the teeming stream into the ingot mold. | 04-23-2015 |
| 20160052052 | METHOD FOR PRODUCING ALLUMINUM ALLOY - A method for producing an aluminum alloy, comprises: separately preparing an aluminum or aluminum alloy matrix and an aluminum nitride-aluminum composite; melting the matrix, and adding the aluminum nitride-aluminum composite to the molten matrix to prepare a melt; and casting the melt. | 02-25-2016 |
| 164498000 | Utilizing magnetic energy | 15 |
| 20090032211 | METHOD FOR SECURING AN INSERT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF A DAMPED PART - One embodiment of the invention includes a method including providing an insert, wherein at least a portion of the insert is attracted to a magnet; providing a mold including a first mold portion, a second mold portion, and a magnet having at least a portion thereof in or adjacent to at least one of the first mold portion or the second mold portion; positioning the insert in one of the mold portions such that the at least one magnet at least assists in holding the insert in place; and closing the mold and casting a molten material into the mold and around or adjacent to at least a portion of the insert and solidifying the material. | 02-05-2009 |
| 20090165989 | Casting method and apparatus - This invention is concerned with the productions of unidirectionally solidified castings and remelting-processed ingots such as ESR or VAR, which has paid special attention to the liquid flow phenomena within solid-liquid coexisting phase (mushy phase) during solidification, and made it clear for the first time that by applying high static magnetic field onto the whole mushy phase, the extremely slow interdendritic liquid flow responsible for the formation of macrosegregation can be suppressed, and thereby that the macrosegregation such as freckles can completely be eliminated. Thus, this invention provides with a novel casting technology for producing high quality castings and ingots without macrosegregation. | 07-02-2009 |
| 20090242164 | Method for producing sintered magnet - A method for producing a sintered magnet comprising steps of; wet-pulverizing a magnetic powder under the presence of a surface active agent, drying said wet-pulverized magnetic powder | 10-01-2009 |
| 20100084110 | HIGH PERFORMANCE BRAKE ROTOR - A method of forming a brake rotor includes forming a plurality of metal insert portions. Each insert portion includes an inner side and an outer side with a plurality of attachment members coupled to the inner side. The method also includes positioning the plurality of insert portions into a mold such that the inner side of one of the plurality of insert portions faces the inner side of another one of the insert portions. The method also includes introducing a molten aluminum into the mold such that the molten aluminum contacts the inner side of each insert portion. The method further includes forming a mechanical bond between the aluminum and at least a portion of at least one of the inserts. | 04-08-2010 |
| 20130118704 | ELECTROMAGNETICALLY STIRRED SAND CASTINGS - A casting system, mold, and method are disclosed for electromagnetically stirring sand castings. In an embodiment, the casting mold includes a mold body having a cavity therein, and a passageway fluidly connecting the cavity with an exterior of the mold body. The passageway allows for introduction of a molten metal into the cavity. The mold body further includes at least one induction coil embedded in a cope of the mold body; and at least one induction coil embedded in a drag of the mold body. The induction coils are configured to generate an electromagnetic field for stirring a molten metal casting while it solidifies inside the mold. | 05-16-2013 |
| 20160074934 | ANISOTROPICALLY ALIGNED CARBON NANOTUBES IN A CARBON NANOTUBE METAL MATRIX COMPOSITE - A method is provided for fabricating a carbon nanotube metal matrix composite. The method may include forming a molten mixture by combining carbon nanotubes with a molten solution. The carbon nanotubes combined with the molten solution may be dispersed therein. The method may also include transferring the molten mixture to a mold and applying a magnetic field to the molten mixture in the mold to substantially align at least a portion of the carbon nanotubes with one another. The method may further include solidifying the molten mixture in the mold to fabricate the carbon nanotube metal matrix composite, where at least a portion of the carbon nanotubes may be substantially aligned in the carbon nanotube metal matrix composite. | 03-17-2016 |
| 164499000 | For stirring molten metal | 8 |
| 20090242165 | Modulated electromagnetic stirring of metals at advanced stage of solidification - A method and apparatus for electromagnetic stirring of molten metals at an advanced stage of solidification, as may be used in continuous casting of steel billets and blooms, are disclosed. At least first and second stirrers are provided for generating first and second rotating magnetic fields of a differing frequency about an axis of solidifying molten metal. The stirrers are arranged about the molten metal in sufficiently close proximity to each other so that their respective magnetic fields superpose to produce a modulated magnetic field. The magnetic fields of the respective stirrers may either have common or opposing rotational directions. The modulated stirring produced by the magnetic fields results in oscillating primary and secondary flows and hence turbulence within the melt bulk in the region wherein temperature of the melt on its central axis is below the liquidus level and at least 10% of substantially solidified material is formed. Turbulent flow created by this stirring method disrupts formation of crystalline structures in the melt bulk and mixes solute enriched melt of the central region with the bulk volume which subsequently results in improvements of the solidification structure and overall internal quality of the cast products. | 10-01-2009 |
| 20090321036 | High vacuum suction casting method and apparatus - A casting method and apparatus are provided capable of producing high-quality castings having extremely few defects attributable to entrainment of gas, oxide film and the like both economically and while conserving energy. Namely, a sealing plate having a seal, an opening and a pressure reduction vent is arranged between a gate of a die cavity and a feeding tube, and the die cavity is depressurized by sealing the gate. Next, the inside of the feeding tube is depressurized through the pressure reduction vent provided in the lower surface of the sealing plate to suck a molten metal, the opening of the sealing plate is moved to between the gate and the feeding tube when the molten metal has entered the pressure reduction vent, and the molten metal is filled into the die cavity due to the pressure difference between the die cavity and the molten metal in the feeding tube. A consumable seal made of a material similar to the molten metal can also be used for the gate seal. Once the molten metal has filled the die cavity, the sealing plate is immediately moved to close the gate, and the molten metal is made to drop down into a holding furnace by allowing external gas pressure to act on the surface of the molten metal in the feeding tube through an external gas ventilation port. Moreover, unsolidified molten metal in the die cavity may be pressurized as necessary. | 12-31-2009 |
| 20100163207 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE ELECTROMAGNETIC STIRRING OF ELECTRICALLY CONDUCTIVE FLUIDS - The invention relates to a method and a device for the electromagnetic stirring of electrically conductive fluids by using a magnetic field RMF rotating in the horizontal plane, and a magnetic field WMF traveling in a vertical direction thereto. The object consists in avoiding asymmetric flow structures in containers filled with melts, in particular at the beginning and during the course of the solidification. Moreover, the aim is to achieve an effective mixing of the fluid and/or a controlled solidification of metallic alloys by avoiding the formation of separation zones in the solidification structure. The solution consists in the fact that both the rotating magnetic field RMF and the traveling magnetic field WMF are switched on discontinuously in the form of temporally restricted and adjustable periods and alternately in time one after another via associated induction coils. | 07-01-2010 |
| 20100282432 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR EQUALIZING THE SOLIDIFICATION PROCESS OF A MOLTEN METAL PARTICULARLY PRODUCED DURING STRAND OR STRIP CASTING - The invention relates to a method of equalizing a solidification process of molten metal produced, in particular, during strand or strip casting, wherein the molten metal ( | 11-11-2010 |
| 20110214837 | Electromagnetic stirrer coil - The present invention provides a previously unattainable compact and high thrust electromagnetic stirrer coil, that is, an electromagnetic stirrer coil for stirring molten steel in a mold by electromagnetic force, in which electromagnetic stirrer coil a space factor of the yoke sectional area (-) with respect to an inside area in a vertical cross-section of said electromagnetic stirrer coil is 0.5 to 0.9 and a yoke width B is 100 mm to 300 mm. Preferably, a magnetomotive force F of said electromagnetic stirrer coil divided by the yoke width B, that is, a value of F/B, is 800 kAT/m or more. | 09-08-2011 |
| 20110247778 | METHOD OF SYNTHESIZING METAL -BASED COMPOSITE MATERIAL BY MELT REACTION IN COUPLING MAGNETIC FIELD AND ULTRASONIC FIELD - A method of synthesizing metal matrix composite material by melt reaction in coupling magnetic field and ultrasonic field comprises: adjusting metal-base melt to the onset reaction temperature after refining, then adding reactants which generate reinforced particles by in-situ synthesis reaction with melt, keeping the reacted melt stand until it is cooled to casting temperature after the reaction, and then casting. Magnetic field and high-energy ultrasonic field are exerted simultaneously during the reaction. The magnetic field can be high-power pulse magnetic filed, high-frequency oscillating magnetic field or low-frequency alternating magnetic field. The metal matrix composite material produced by the above-mentioned method exhibits that reinforced particles are much finer, more uniformly distributed, and fit with metal matrix better. | 10-13-2011 |
| 20120037333 | METHOD FOR PREPARING ALUMINUM-ZIRCONIUM-TITANIUM-CARBON INTERMEDIATE ALLOY - The present invention discloses a method for producing an aluminum-zirconium-titanium-carbon (Al—Zr—Ti—C) intermediate alloy; the Al—Zr—Ti—C intermediate alloy comprises 0.01% to 10% Zr, 0.01% to 10% Ti, 0.01% to 0.3% C, and Al in balance; the producing method comprising the steps of: preparing commercially pure aluminum, zirconium, titanium, and graphite material according to the weight percentages of the aluminum-zirconium-titanium-carbon intermediate alloy; the graphite powder is subjected to the following treatments: being added to the aqueous solution of KF, NaF, K | 02-16-2012 |
| 20140202653 | METHOD FOR PURIFYING HIGH-PURITY ALUMINIUM BY DIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION AND SMELTING FURNACE THEREFOR - Provided is a method for preparing high-purity aluminum by directional solidification, comprising the steps of: providing 4N to 5N aluminum as raw material, heating the same to a temperature of 670° C. to 730° C., maintaining the temperature for 7 minutes to 80 minutes, cooling the bottom of chamber ( | 07-24-2014 |
| 164500000 | In transporting molten metal | 1 |
| 20140238633 | CASTING DEVICE AND CASTING METHOD - A method for manufacturing a cast component with a casting device includes providing a casting device. The casting device comprises a filling chamber, a mold cavity comprising a hollow space, runners comprising at least one of a different length and a different cross-section, and a plunger arranged in the filling chamber. The metal melt is provided in a fluid state in the filling chamber. The metal melt is advanced via the runners from the filling chamber to the mold cavity by advancing the plunger in the filling chamber. Electromagnetic fields are provided. A flow velocity of melt currents in the respective runners is increased or decreased via the electromagnetic fields so that a melt front in each of the runners reaches the mold cavity when the filling chamber has been completely filled by the plunger. | 08-28-2014 |
| 164501000 | Utilizing sonic or supersonic wave energy | 3 |
| 20090126897 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SEMI-SOLID MATERIAL PROCESSING - A method of forming a material includes the steps of: vibrating a molten material at an ultrasonic frequency while cooling the material to a semi-solid state to form non-dendritic grains therein; forming the semi-solid material into a desired shape; and cooling the material to a solid state. The method makes semi-solid castings directly from molten materials (usually a metal), produces grain size usually in the range of smaller than 50 μm, and can be easily retrofitted into existing conventional forming machine. | 05-21-2009 |
| 20090242166 | Method for making castings by directed solidification from a selected point of melt toward casting periphery - The invention is related to the foundry practice. According to this invention, the method for making castings by directed solidification from a selected point of the melt toward the periphery of the casting comprises forming a casting in a mold having thermodynamic characteristics that allow uniform volume cooling of the melt to be effected to a temperature at which natural solidification processes are completed. To improve the structural isotropy of the casting formed, the cooling is effected at a rate not exceeding 0.5° C./sec. The casting is formed in a nonuniform field of force. The nonuniform field of force is set up by ultrasonic waves focused on a selected point of the melt to form therein a localized elevated pressure zone and to direct the solidification front from the zone toward the periphery of the casting. The nonuniform field of force is sustained in the mold until the cooling casting reaches a temperature at which the natural melt solidification processes are completed as the melt cools. Before the melt is poured into the mold, it is overheated to a level that, together with the thermodynamic characteristics of the mold allowing the melt therein to be cooled at a rate not exceeding 0.5 K/sec, sustains the liquid phase of the melt for a time sufficient for directed melt solidification to be effected from the selected point of the melt toward the periphery of the casting before the commencement of natural melt solidification processes as the melt cools. Subsequently, as the temperature at which natural solidification processes are completed is reached, the nonuniform field of force is removed, and casting cooling may continue at any reasonable rate. | 10-01-2009 |
| 20090321037 | MOLD ASSEMBLY APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR MOLDING METAL ARTICLES - Apparatus assemblies and methods for melting and injection molding an article from a meltable metal that is sensitive to heating by radio frequency (RF) induction. An exemplary apparatus includes a mold including a cavity having a shape of an article to be molded, a delivery chute including a channel for delivering a solid metal billet from a proximal end of the delivery chute to a distal end which is adjacent to the mold, and an RF induction heating coil that surrounds the cavity of the mold and the distal end of the delivery chute. Advantageously, the portion of the mold defining the cavity and at least the distal end of the delivery chute (i.e., those portions surrounded by the RF coil) are formed of materials that are substantially insensitive to heating by RF induction so that the metal billet is melted and molded at approximately the same time. | 12-31-2009 |
