Class / Patent application number | Description | Number of patent applications / Date published |
148541000 | Continuous casting | 44 |
20080216925 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING SCALE-FREE SHEET METAL - A method and apparatus for strip casting sheet metal and then conditioning the surfaces of the sheet metal strip to remove iron oxide scale employs first brushing the surfaces with stainless steel brushes to remove the scale without requiring pickle and oil, and then brushing the surfaces with aluminum oxide brushes to further clean and smooth the surfaces of the cast metal strip. | 09-11-2008 |
20090101245 | Method for Surface Cooling Steel Slabs to Prevent Surface Cracking, and Steel Slabs Made by That Method - A method is provided for the continuous casting, cutting, and continued heat treatment of steel slabs, particularly those having cracking-prone alloy formulations, without requiring the use of water spray quench cooling equipment. | 04-23-2009 |
20090199935 | Method of production of high flux density grain-oriented silicon steel sheet - The present invention is a method of using a continuous casting-continuous hot rolling facility to cast a medium thickness bar, making the bar reach a final hot rolling inlet while a temperature over 1200° C. for holding the solid-solute state of AlN is maintained, hot rolling the bar, and rapidly cooling it to make fine AlN precipitate and thereby efficiently an inexpensively produce high flux density grain-oriented silicon steel sheet without any high temperature heating of the bar. | 08-13-2009 |
20100000636 | DUPLEX STAINLESS STEEL - The invention relates to a duplex stainless steel composition, the composition of which consists of, in % by weight:
| 01-07-2010 |
20100236670 | HEAVY WALL SEAMLESS STEEL PIPE FOR LINE PIPE AND A MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF - A method of manufacturing a heavy wall seamless steel pipe for line pipe with a high strength and increased toughness, which is characterized by cooling rate, heating condition for piercing, and heat treating after pipe making,
| 09-23-2010 |
20110073220 | CONTINUOUS PRESS HARDENING PROCESS AND APPARATUS THEREFOR - The present invention relates to a method of continuous hardening press and an apparatus thereof. The process of continuous press hardening, includes: slab casting that makes a slab by continuous-casting molten steel refined by an electric furnace or a blast furnace, and then reheats and hot-rolls the slab into a hot-rolled steel sheet; blanking that conveys the hot-rolled steel sheet to a blank through a sealed oven and blanks the hot-rolled steel sheet, after the slab casting; and press hardening that conveys the hot-rolled steel sheet to a press die and presses the hot-rolled steel sheet, after the blanking. According to the embodiments of the present invention, since a high-temperature steel sheet formed by hot rolling is directly put into press hardening, reheating is not required such that the entire process is simplified and reduction of manufacturing cost can be expected. | 03-31-2011 |
20110108168 | HIGH-STRENGTH STEEL SHEET FOR CAN AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SAME - A steel sheet for a can has a yield strength of 450 MPa or more, and the occurrence of cracking at a slab corner being prevented in a continuous casting process. The steel sheet contains 0.03%-0.10% C, 0.01%-0.5% Si, 0.001%-0.100% P, 0.001%-0.020% S, 0.01%-0.10% Al, 0.005%-0.012% N, and the balance being Fe and incidental impurities, in which when Mnf=Mn [% by mass]−1.71×S [% by mass], Mnf is in the range of 0.3 to 0.6. The steel sheet has microstructures that do not contain a pearlite microstructure. | 05-12-2011 |
20110120598 | High-strength steel sheets with excellent resistance to delayed fracture after forming, method for manufacturing the same, and high-strength automotive part manufactured of the same - Steel sheets containing residual austenite of not more than 7 vol. %, crystallized and/or precipitated compounds with particle diameters of 0.01 to 5.0 μm of 100 to 100000 particle/mm | 05-26-2011 |
20110132503 | METHOD FOR REDUCING EDGE SERRATION DEFECTS IN THIN SLAB - Disclosed herein is a method for reducing edge serration defects in a thin slab, including: reheating a thin slab having an alloy composition including carbon (C), niobium (Nb), aluminum (Al), iron (Fe) and inevitable impurities to uniformalize the thin slab into an austenite structure; controlling precipitates that occur in the reheated thin slab by controlling an temperature of the thin slab discharged from a heat-treatment furnace at a temperature at which niobium carbide (NbC) start to precipitate; and hot-rolling the thin slab. The method is advantageous in that the temperature of a thin slab discharged from a heat-treatment furnace is controlled, so that the edge serration defects in the thin slab can be reduced, thereby improving the productivity of the thin slab. | 06-09-2011 |
20110180187 | METHOD FOR PRODUCING GRAIN-ORIENTED SILICON STEEL CONTAINING COPPER - A method of manufacturing oriented Si steel containing Cu with high electric-magnetic property comprises: hot rolling slab; after first cold rolling, heating it to 800° C. or higher temperature and performing intermediate decarburization annealing in a protective atmosphere with P | 07-28-2011 |
20110272066 | MANUFACTURING METHOD OF STEEL SHEET FOR CANS - A method provides a slab by continuous casting of a steel having a component composition of, in mass %, C: 0.005% or less, Mn: 0.05 to 0.5%, Al: 0.01 to 0.10%, N: 0.0010 to 0.0070%, B: 0.15×N to 0.75×N (0.15 to 0.75 in terms of B/N), and one or both of Nb: 4×C to 20×C (4 to 20 in terms of Nb/C) and Ti: 2×C to 10×C (2 to 10 in terms of Ti/C), and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurity elements; rough rolling the slab; finish rolling the rough-rolled slab wherein 5% or more and less than 50% of the total amount of rolling reduction in the finish rolling is hot-rolled at a temperature lower than the Ar | 11-10-2011 |
20110297280 | FERRITIC SPHEROIDAL GRAPHITE CAST IRON - Ferritic spheroidal graphite cast iron includes: 3.1 to 3.5 percent by mass of carbon; 4.1 to 4.5 percent by mass of silicon; 0.8 percent by mass or below of manganese; 0.1 to 0.6 percent by mass of molybdenum; 0.1 to 1.0 percent by mass of chromium; 0.03 to 0.1 percent by mass of phosphorus; 0.03 percent by mass or below of sulfur; 0.02 to 0.15 percent by mass of magnesium; and iron. | 12-08-2011 |
20120031532 | Steel plate for line pipe excellent in strength and ductility and method of production of same - The present invention provides steel plate for line pipe excellent in strength and ductility and a method of production of the same. The steel plate has a steel composition containing, by mass %,
| 02-09-2012 |
20130118650 | FERRITIC-AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL EXCELLENT IN CORROSION RESISTANCE AND WORKABILITY AND METHOD OF PRODUCTION OF SAME - The present invention relates to ferritic-austenitic stainless steel oriented to have low Ni which is excellent in corrosion resistance, particularly in corrosion resistance in a neutral chloride environment, and has high “uniform elongation”—a factor governing workability—and a method of production for the same. | 05-16-2013 |
20130167983 | SUPER BAINITE STEEL AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING IT - The invention relates to a super bainite steel consisting of the following elements in weight %: C: 0.4-1.1 Mn: 0.4-2.1 Si: 0.15-1.2 Al: 0.0-2.0 Cr: 0.0-1.4 Ni: 0.0-2.5 Mo: 0.0-0.6 V: 0.0-0.3 Co: 0.0-3.0 P: <0.025 S: <0.025 the balance being iron and unavoidable impurities. The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing such a super bainite steel. | 07-04-2013 |
20140007990 | STEEL SHEET FOR AEROSOL CAN BOTTOM HAVING HIGH PRESSURE RESISTANCE AND EXCELLENT WORKABILITY AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME - A steel sheet containing C: 0.02% or more and 0.10% or less, Si: 0.01% or more and 0.5% or less, P: 0.001% or more and 0.100% or less, S: 0.001% or more and 0.020% or less, N: 0.007% or more and 0.025% or less, Al: 0.01% or more and {−4.2×N (%)+0.11} % or less, Mnf: 0.10% or more and less than 0.30% where Mnf is defined by equation Mnf=Mn−1.71×S, and the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities, in which the steel sheet has a thickness of 0.35 (mm) or less, the product of the lower yield point (N/mm | 01-09-2014 |
20140014238 | HIGH STRENGTH THIN CAST STRIP PRODUCT AND METHOD FOR MAKING THE SAME - A steel product or thin steel cast strip including, by weight, less than 0.25% carbon, between 0.20 and 2.0% manganese, between 0.05 and 0.50% silicon, less than 0.01% aluminum, niobium between 0.01% and 0.20%, and vanadium between 0.01% and 0.20%. The steel product may have a tensile strength of between 550 and 600 MPa after age hardening at a peak temperature of between 700 and 750° C. | 01-16-2014 |
20140116578 | HIGH-STRENGTH HIGH-TOUGHNESS STEEL PLATE WITH YIELD STRENGTH OF 700MPA AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME - The present invention relates to a high-strength high-toughness steel plate and a method of manufacturing the steel plate. The steel plate contains the following chemical compositions, by weight, C: 0.03-0.06%, Si≦0.30%, Mn: 1.0-1.5%, P≦0.020%, S≦0.010%, Al: 0.02-0.05%, Ti: 0.005-0.025%, N≦0.006%, Ca≦0.005%, and more than one of Cr≦0.75%, Ni≦0.40%, Mo≦0.30%, other compositions being Ferrum and unavoidable impurities.The finished steel plate, with a thickness of 6-25 mm, has a yield strength of ≧700 MPa, an elongation A50 of ≧18%, Akv at −60° C. of ≧150 J and good cool bending property. | 05-01-2014 |
20140144556 | STEEL PLATE WITH LOW YIELD-TENSILE RATIO AND HIGH TOUGHNESS AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME - A steel plate with a low yield ratio and high toughness. The steel plate comprises components of, by weight: C (0.05-0.08%), Si (0.15-0.30%), Mn (1.55-1.85%), P (less than or equal to 0.015%), S (less than or equal to 0.005%), Al (0.015-0.04%), Nb (0.015-0.025%), Ti (0.01-0.02%), Cr (0.20-0.40%), Mo (0.18-0.30%), N (less than or equal to 0.006%), O (less than or equal to 0.004%), Ca (0.0015-0.0050%), and Ni (less than or equal to 0.40%), a ratio of Ca to S being greater than or equal to 1.5, and the residual being Fe and inevitable impurities. | 05-29-2014 |
20140246128 | HOT-ROLLED STEEL SHEET AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME - Provided is a hot-rolled steel sheet that has a chemical composition including, by mass %: C: 0.060% to 0.150%; Si: 0.15% to 0.70%; Mn: 1.00% to 1.90%; P: 0.10% or less; S: 0.010% or less; Al: 0.01% to 0.10%; N: 0.010% or less; Nb: 0.010% to 0.100%; and the balance including Fe and incidental impurities. The hot-rolled steel sheet has a microstructure containing ferrite of 18 μm or less in average grain size by a volume fraction of at least 75% and pearlite of at least 2 μm in average grain size by a volume fraction of at least 5%, the balance being low-temperature-induced phases, the pearlite having a mean free path of at least 5.0 μm. | 09-04-2014 |
20140261905 | METHOD OF THIN STRIP CASTING - A method for making alloy strip by continuous casting with tensile strength of at least 900 MPa and total elongation of at least 30%, strip with tensile strength of at least 1200 MPa and total elongation of at least 20%, or strip with tensile strength of at least 1500 MPa and total elongation of at least 15%. Molten metal is introduced forming a casting pool supported on the casting rolls and counter-rotating the A heat flux is provided with a peak heat flux >20 Mw/m2. The strip is cooled at 1000-3000 K/sec. A roll biasing force >40 kN/meter of casting roll length is applied to form thin metal strip. The strip is then conveyed through a first enclosure with an atmosphere having an oxygen content of <5%. The cast strip is rolled through a rolling mill and reduced and modification of the microstructure is initiated. | 09-18-2014 |
20140283957 | IRON-BASED AMORPHOUS ALLOY BROAD RIBBON AND ITS MANUFACTURING METHOD - The invention belongs to the technical field of rapid solidification of amorphous alloy and concretely relates to an iron-based amorphous alloy broad ribbon, wherein the width is 220-1000 mm, the thickness is 0.02-0.03 mm, the transversal thickness deviation is smaller than +/−0.002 mm, the lamination factor is larger than 0.84, the saturation magnetic-flux density is larger than 1.5 T, the iron loss is smaller than 0.20 W/kg under the conditions that the frequency is 50 Hz and the maximum magnetic-flux density is 1.3 T, and the exciting power is smaller than 0.50 VA/kg. The invention also relates to a manufacturing method of the broad ribbon, and a single-roll quenching method is adopted, wherein the width of a nozzle slot is 0.4-0.7 mm, the transversal width deviation of the nozzle slot is smaller than +/−0.05 mm, the transversal flatness deviation of a cooling roll ( | 09-25-2014 |
20140373981 | Manufacturing Method for Strip Casting 700 MPa-Grade High Strength Atmospheric Corrosion-Resistant Steel - A manufacturing method for strip casting 700 MPa-grade high strength atmospheric corrosion-resistant steel, comprising the following steps: 1) smelting, where the chemical composition of a molten steel in terms of weight percentage is that C is between 0.03-0.1%, Si≦0.4%, Mn is between 0.75-2.0%, P is between 0.07-0.22%, S≦0.01%, N≦0.012%, Cu is between 0.25-0.8%, Cr is between 0.3-0.8%, and Ni is between 0.12-0.4%, additionally, also comprised is at least one micro-alloying element among Nb, V, Ti, and Mo, where Nb is between 0.01-0.1%, V is between 0.01-0.1%, Ti is between 0.01-0.1%, and Mo is between 0.1-0.5%, and where the remainder is Fe and unavoidable impurities; 2) strip casting, where a 1-5 mm-thick cast strip is casted directly; 3) cooling the cast strip, where the cooling rate is greater than 20° C./s; 4) online hot rolling the cast strip, where the hot rolling temperature is between 1050-1250° C., where the reduction rate is between 20-50%, and where the deformation rate is >20s | 12-25-2014 |
20150007913 | Manufacturing Method for Strip Casting 550 MPa-Grade High Strength Atmospheric Corrosion-Resistant Steel Strip - A manufacturing method for strip casting 550 MPa-grade high strength atmospheric corrosion-resistant steel strip, comprising the following steps: 1) smelting, where the chemical composition of a molten steel is that: C is between 0.03-0.08%, Si≦0.4%, Mn is between 0.6-1.5%, P is between 0.07-0.22%, S≦0.01%, N≦0.012%, Cu is between 0.25-0.8%, Cr is between 0.3-0.8%, and Ni is between 0.12-0.4%, additionally, also comprised is at least one micro-alloying element among Nb, V, Ti, and Mo, where Nb is between 0.01-0.08%, V is between 0.01-0.08%, Ti is between 0.01-0.08%, and Mo is between 0.1-0.4%, and where the remainder is Fe and unavoidable impurities; 2) strip casting, where a 1-5 mm-thick cast strip is casted directly; 3) cooling the strip, where the cooling rate is greater than 20° C./s; 4) online hot rolling the cast strip, where the hot rolling temperature is between 1050-1250° C., where the reduction rate is between 20-50%, and where the deformation rate is >20s | 01-08-2015 |
20150013853 | HOT-ROLLED STEEL SHEET FOR GENERATOR RIM AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME - A hot-rolled steel sheet for a generator rim contains a structure containing a ferrite phase with an areal ratio of 95% or more in which precipitates containing Ti and V whose average grain diameter is less than 10 nm are precipitated in crystal grains of the ferrite phase. The ferrite phase has an average crystal grain diameter within the range of 2 μm or more and less than 10 μm. The hot-rolled steel sheet for a generator rim has strength with a yield strength YS in a rolling direction of 700 MPa or more and electromagnetic properties with a magnetic flux density B | 01-15-2015 |
20150027597 | HIGH STRENGTH BAKE-HARDENABLE LOW DENSITY STEEL AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAID STEEL - This invention relates to a high strength bake-hardenable low density steel and to a method for producing said the steel. | 01-29-2015 |
20150354041 | HIGHLY CORROSION-RESISTANT, HIGH STRENGTH, A1-CONTAINING WEATHERING STEEL PLATE AND PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING SAME - The invention provides a highly corrosion-resistant, high strength, Al-containing weathering steel plate, wherein the chemical composition comprises in weight percentages (wt %) of: C: 0.02-0.07%, Si: 0.2-1.0%, Mn: 0.2-2.2%, P≦0.01%, S≦0.006%, Cu: 0.2-0.5%, Cr: 0.5-3.5%, Ni: 0.2-1.2%, Al: 0.4-4.0%, N≦0.005%; selectively added one or more of Nb: 0.01-0.06%, Ti: 0.01-0.10%, V: 0.02-0.10%; the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities, wherein Al/Cr is 0.5-8.0. The steel plate has a yield strength of 350-500 MPa, an elongation of 20% or more, a relative corrosion rate of 27% or less and a good impact toughness and a low yield ratio. The present application also provides a method for manufacturing the weathering steel plate. | 12-10-2015 |
20150360282 | MODULAR MICRO MILL AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A STEEL LONG PRODUCT - A modular micro mill for manufacturing steel long product from scrap metal using an induction melting furnace is disclosed. Scrap or pre-refined metal is delivered and melted in the induction melting furnace, the melted steel then being transferred by a preheated tundish to a casting station for producing billets. From the caster the billets are transferred directly to a billet staging station and stored in queue for delivering to main conveyor leading directly to the rolling mill without being cooled to ambient. The bars produced by the rolling mill are then quenched to impart desired metallurgical properties within the finished product. A control system runs the operation of the production line of the modular micro mill, the control system specifically adapting production rates, conveyor speeds, temperatures, etc. of components upstream within the production line based on the specific requirements and/or dimensions of the finished product exiting the production line. | 12-17-2015 |
20150368765 | Nano-Pearlite Rail and Process for Manufacturing Same - A nano-pearlite rail, which is a steel rail having an internal microstructure of 100% pearlite with an average interlamellar spacing of pearlite of 55-70 nm, and containing 0.83 to 0.93 of C, 0.05 to 0.10 of Mn, a certain content of Al and Si, 1.0 to 1.5 of Cr, 0.1 to 0.3 of Co, 0.35 to 0.55 of Zr, 0.02 to 0.06 of Mg, 0.01 to 0.05 of Cu, less than 0.025 of S, less than 0.025 of P, and the balance Fe, wherein the content of Al is 8 to 12 times the content of Mn and the collective content of Al and Si is 1.5 (in wt. %). A process for manufacturing the nano-pearlite rail mainly comprises subjecting a molten steel to refining and continuous casting and roiling to form a rail, in combination with controlled cooling of the rail after rolling, and stress relieving and tempering treatment. The manufacturing process of the present invention is simple, and easy to be operated in a large scale. The rail thus obtained has a tensile strength of no less than 1300 MPa, a yield strength of no less than 1000 MPa, a hardness of HRC 44-47, and an elongation of no less than 10%, as well as excellent wear resistance and fatigue resistance, and is particularly suitable for applications in heavy-haul railways, especially for the railway segments having a sharp turn, and for a wing rail in bainite steel combined frog. | 12-24-2015 |
20160010192 | THICK, TOUGH, HIGH TENSILE STRENGTH STEEL PLATE AND PRODUCTION METHOD THEREFOR | 01-14-2016 |
20160097111 | STEEL PLATE RESISTANT TO ZINC-INDUCED CRACK AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREFOR - The invention discloses a steel plate resistant to zinc-induced crack and a manufacturing method therefor. A low-alloy steel subjected to low C-ultra low Si-high Mn-low Al—(Ti+Nb) microalloying treatment is taken as a basis; the Al content in the steel is appropriately reduced; the conditions are controlled so that Mn/C≧15, [(% Mn)+0.75(% Mo)]×(% C)≦0.16, Nb/Ti≧1.8 and Ti/N is between 1.50 and 3.40, CEZ≦0.44% and the B content is ≦2 ppm, Ni/Cu≧1.50; a Ca treatment is performed and the Ca/S ratio is controlled between 1.0 and 3.0, with (% Ca)×(% S) | 04-07-2016 |
20160138125 | ABRASION-RESISTANT STEEL MATERIAL EXCELLENT IN FATIGUE CHARACTERISTICS AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SAME - An abrasion-resistant steel material excellent in fatigue characteristics having a composition (in mass %) comprising 0.30 to 0.90% of C, 0.05 to 1.00% of Si, 0.10 to 1.50% of Mn, 0.003 to 0.030% of P, 0.001 to 0.020% of S, from 0.10 to 0.70% of Nb, and containing depending on necessity one or more of 1.50% or less of Cr, 0.50% or less of Mo, 0.50% or less of V, 2.00% or less of Ni, 0.10% or less of Ti, and 0.0050% or less of B, the balance Fe and unavoidable impurities, a metallic structure after a temper heat treatment having a Nb-containing carbide dispersed therein, the Nb-containing carbide particles having a particle diameter of 1.0 mm or more that is controlled to 200 particles per mm | 05-19-2016 |
20160145708 | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A FLAT PRODUCT FROM AN IRON-BASED SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY - Methods for producing a flat product from an iron-based shape memory alloy may involve casting a melt comprised of iron, alloying elements, and impurities into a strip having a thickness of 1-30 mm and cooling the melt as the strip is formed. A twin-roll caster may be employed to help cool and form the melt into the strip. The resultant flat product is highly resistant to bending and is robust under pressure and torsion. | 05-26-2016 |
20160145725 | High Ductility Steel Alloys with Mixed Microconstituent Structure - This disclosure deals with steel alloys containing mixed microconstituent structure that has the ability to provide ductility at tensile strength levels at or above 900 MPa. More specifically, the alloys contain Fe, B, Si and Mn and indicate tensile strengths of 900 MPa to 1820 MPa and elongations of 2.5% to 76.0%. | 05-26-2016 |
20160177411 | HOT ROLLED LIGHT-GAUGE MARTENSITIC STEEL SHEET AND METHOD FOR MAKING THE SAME | 06-23-2016 |
20160177415 | TWIN-ROLL STRIP CASTER, METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THIN DUPLEX STAINLESS STEEL SHEET USING THE SAME AND THIN DUPLEX STAINLESS STEEL SHEET | 06-23-2016 |
20160186287 | METHOD FOR PRODUCING STRIPS MADE OF STEEL, IN PARTICULAR FOR PRODUCING CUTTING AND MACHINING TOOLS HAVING IMPROVED SERVICE LIFE - In a method for producing strips made of steel, in particular for producing cutting and machining tools having improved service life, a preliminary strip is produced from a melt of a hardenable steel in a casting process and then rolled out into a hot-rolled strip and then, if necessary, annealed and cold rolled. The preliminary strip is produced in a horizontal strip casting system, wherein the melt is discharged from a feed vessel onto a cooled conveyor belt circulating over two deflecting rollers and is cast, with a killed flow and without bending, into a preliminary strip in the range between 6 and 40 mm, then rolled into hot-rolled strip having a degree of deformation of at least 50%, wherein the cooling rate on the top side and the bottom side of the preliminary strip is set differently for the purpose of residual solidification outside of the centre of the strip. | 06-30-2016 |
20160194729 | HIGH-STRENGTH AND HIGHLY FATIGUE-RESISTANT STEEL RAIL AND PRODUCTION METHOD THEREOF | 07-07-2016 |
20160201171 | Cu-Sn COEXISTING STEEL AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME | 07-14-2016 |
20170233846 | Delayed Cracking Prevention During Drawing of High Strength Steel | 08-17-2017 |
20170234371 | CLUTCH PLATE FOR MULTIPLATE WET CLUTCH AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME | 08-17-2017 |
20190144962 | METHOD FOR PREPARING OXIDE DISPERSION STRENGTHENING F/M STEEL USING SMELTING AND CASTING PROCESS | 05-16-2019 |
20190144965 | LIGHTWEIGHT STEEL AND STEEL SHEET WITH ENHANCED ELASTIC MODULUS, AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF | 05-16-2019 |
20190144967 | THIN DUPLEX STAINLESS STEEL SHEET | 05-16-2019 |