| Class / Patent application number | Description | Number of patent applications / Date published |
|---|
| 048197000 |
Fuel mixtures
| 36 |
| 048210000 |
Coal
| 26 |
| 048198100 |
Manufacture from methane (natural gas)
| 14 |
| 048209000 |
Wood
| 12 |
| 048202000 |
Coal and water
| 8 |
| 048211000 |
Oil | 5 |
| 20150013225 | CATALYST AND PROCESS FOR THERMO-NEUTRAL REFORMING OF LIQUID HYDROCARBONS - The invention relates to a four-component catalyst and a seven-component catalyst and refractory supports for use in the thermoneutral reforming of petroleum-based liquid hydrocarbon fuels. | 01-15-2015 |
| 20100095591 | EMISSIONS CONTROL SYSTEM AND METHOD - A system includes a fuel converter comprising a catalyst composition, and the catalyst composition can convert fuel into a hydrocarbon reductant stream; a separation system that separates the hydrocarbon reductant stream into a first reductant sub-stream that comprises short chain hydrocarbon molecules, and a second reductant sub-stream that comprises long chain hydrocarbon molecules; a selective catalytic reduction catalyst reactor in fluid communication with the fuel converter, and the catalyst reactor has an inner surface that defines a first zone and a second zone, and the first zone is configured to receive the second reductant sub-stream, and the second zone is configured to receive the first reductant sub-stream; and an exhaust stream that flows into the first zone contacts the second reductant sub-stream before flowing into the second zone and contacting the first reductant sub-stream. | 04-22-2010 |
| 20100313475 | PROCESS FOR PLANT FOR REFINING RAW MATERIALS CONTAINING ORGANIC CONSTITUENTS - A process for refining raw materials containing oil and/or bitumen includes supplying the raw materials to a reactor. The reactor is operated under a pressure of from 0.001 to 1 bar and at a reactor temperature of from 300 to 1000° C. so as to volatize fuel gases and obtain solids and non-evaporated fractions of heavy hydrocarbons. The solids and non-evaporated fractions of heavy hydrocarbons are introduced into a furnace. The non-evaporated fractions of heavy hydrocarbons are burned in the furnace at a furnace temperature of from 600 to 1500° C. so as to obtain hot solids in the furnace. The hot solids are recirculated from the furnace into the reactor. An oxidizing atmosphere of the furnace is separated from an atmosphere of the reactor by a sealing device. | 12-16-2010 |
| 20130067815 | GASIFICATION OF HEAVY RESIDUE WITH SOLID CATALYST FROM SLURRY HYDROCRACKING PROCESS - A cost-effective solution for the disposal of heavy residue bottoms recovered from a slurry hydrocracking process that include solid heterogeneous catalyst particles is provided by their introduction into a membrane wall gasification reactor in the form of a flowable slurry to produce a synthesis gas and, optionally, subjecting the synthesis gas to a water-gas shift reaction to produce a more hydrogen-rich product stream. Process steam and electricity are produced by recovering the sensible heat values from the hot synthesis gas. | 03-21-2013 |
| 20160017247 | Gas Production from an Oil Feedstock - A system for producing a gas includes a pressure vessel containing in its interior a feedstock that is oil-based and at least one set of electrodes in which an electric arc is formed between the electrodes. The system includes a mechanism for exposing the feedstock to a plasma of the electric arc thereby converting at least some of the feedstock into a gas. The gas comprises from 50-60% hydrogen, from 9-16% ethane, from 8-12% carbon monoxide, from 5-12% ethylene, from 3-8% methane, from 2-3% other trace gases, and from 1-2% carbon dioxide (all % Vol/Vol). | 01-21-2016 |
| 048201000 |
Coal and oil | 5 |
| 20080256860 | GASIFICATION REACTOR - The invention is directed to a gasification reactor comprising a pressure shell, a reaction zone partly bounded by a vertically oriented tubular membrane wall, said wall being provided with one or more openings and wherein attached to the wall and above the opening a slag deflector is present. The invention is also directed to a process to prepare a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide by gasification of a solid or liquid feedstock comprising between 15 and 50 wt % ash in a gasification reactor, wherein the feedstock and an oxygen containing gas and an optional moderator gas are provided to a burner as provided in an opening of the reactor and wherein the gasification in the reaction zone is carried out at a temperature in the range from 1200 to 1800° C. and at a pressure in the range from between 30 and 100 bar. | 10-23-2008 |
| 20090038224 | PRODUCTION METHOD FOR CIVIL MIXED FUEL GAS CONSISTING OF LIGHT HYDROCARBONS MIXED WITH AIR AND COAL - A production method for civil mixed fuel gas with light hydrocarbons mixed with air and coal gas, which is characterized in that the preparation method of the said civil mixed fuel gas is as follows: a. filtering liquid light hydrocarbons, and pressuring; b. heating and gasifying the light hydrocarbons in the heating gasifier; c. mixing gasified hydrocarbons with air or pressured air in a mixing chamber to form a mixture of light hydrocarbons and air; d. storing the mixture in a middle gas-storing tank after measured by oxygen meter; e. mixing coal gas and light hydrocarbons mixed with air in a gas-mixing chamber to form mixed fuel gas; f. storing the mixed fuel gas in a gas-storing tank after measured by oxygen meter; g. transmitting and distributing the mixed fuel gas to user terminal in a low or middle and low pressure two grade form. The present invention makes use of the liquid hydrocarbons with boiling range below 80 deg. C. which is mixed with air in proportional after gasified, and the mixture is further mixed with various coal gas in proportional. This invention can increase the heat value of the fuel gas and enlarge the capacity, and reduce the volume content of carbon monoxide. The mixed fuel gas reaches the national combustion need of manual coal gas. | 02-12-2009 |
| 20090100754 | METHOD OF REMOVING CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS FROM IN-SITU RECOVERY OF BITUMEN AND HEAVY OIL - The present invention, in one configuration, is directed to producing a methane-containing gas from a hydrocarbon fuel energy source extracted from an in-situ recovery operation, such as a SAGD or HAGD operation, and subsequently converting at least a portion of the gas into steam, electrical power and diluents for subsequent use in the aforementioned in-situ recovery operation while emitting only controlled amounts of carbon dioxide into the environment. | 04-23-2009 |
| 20130014441 | UPGRADING COAL AND OTHER CARBONACEOUS FUELS USING A LEAN FUEL GAS STREAM FROM A PYROLYSIS STEPAANM Coolidge; Dennis W.AACI Palm CoastAAST FLAACO USAAGP Coolidge; Dennis W. Palm Coast FL USAANM Horne; Deane A.AACI ToledoAAST OHAACO USAAGP Horne; Deane A. Toledo OH USAANM Smith; Ronn G.AACI SheridanAAST WYAACO USAAGP Smith; Ronn G. Sheridan WY USAANM White; Leslie C.AACI BoiseAAST IDAACO USAAGP White; Leslie C. Boise ID US - A method and apparatus for upgrading coal and other carbonaceous fuels includes subjecting the carbonaceous fuel to a pyrolyzing process, thereby forming upgraded carbonaceous fuel and a flow of lean fuel gases. Auxiliary fuel is combusted in an auxiliary fuel combustor to produce auxiliary fuel combustion gases, and the lean fuel gases are heated with the auxiliary fuel combustion gases. The heated lean fuel gases are combusted in a lean fuel combustor, thereby producing a gas stream of products of combustion, and at least a portion of the gas stream of products of combustion are to directed to the pyrolyzer. | 01-17-2013 |
| 20130312329 | Combination Ceramic Filter and Filter Cleaning System System for Removing or Converting Undesirable Species from a Biomass Gasfifier Product Gas Stream and Method of Using the Same - A system and method for removing particulates and carbonaceous contaminates and tars from a continuous gas stream, such as a biomass gasifier syngas stream, generated from a combustible source is disclosed. The system and method may include a mechanical filter assembly having an intake to receive the gas stream, an outlet to exhaust the gas stream, and a ceramic fiber filtration media interposing the intake and outlet to remove particle contaminates and tars from the gas stream. A means for regenerating the mechanical filter assembly using an auxiliary heat source communicably coupled to the mechanical filter assembly is also provided and an air-backpulse to remove inorganic ash. | 11-28-2013 |
| 048204000 |
Water | 5 |
| 20090158662 | SYSTEM AND METHOD OF INCREASING SYNTHESIS GAS YIELD IN A FLUID CATALYTIC CRACKING UNIT - Systems and methods of reducing refinery carbon dioxide emissions by improving the overall synthesis gas yield in a fluid catalytic cracking unit having a reactor and a regenerator are discussed. In one example, a method comprises introducing spent catalyst and a feed gas comprising oxygen to the regenerator at gasification conditions. The method further comprises heating the spent catalyst to burn coke therefrom to produce a synthesis gas. The method further comprises combining the synthesis gas with a dry gas comprising hydrogen, creating the overall synthesis gas and thereby increasing the yield of the overall synthesis gas produced in the FCC unit. | 06-25-2009 |
| 20130118077 | STEAM/CARBON RATIO DETECTION AND CONTROL - Steam is provided to the primary inlet ( | 05-16-2013 |
| 20130118078 | METHOD FOR IMPROVING CATALYST FUNCTION IN AUTO-THERMAL AND PARTIAL OXIDATION REFORMER-BASED PROCESSORS - The invention provides a method for reforming fuel, the method comprising contacting the fuel to an oxidation catalyst so as to partially oxidize the fuel and generate heat; warming incoming fuel with the heat while simultaneously warming a reforming catalyst with the heat; and reacting the partially oxidized fuel with steam using the reforming catalyst. | 05-16-2013 |
| 20100269411 | GASIFICATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS USING PULSED OXYGEN - A process for the gasification of carbonaceous materials for the product of syngas. Pulsed oxygen is used to maintain the temperature of the gasification zones and to avoid hot spots in the gasification reactor. | 10-28-2010 |
| 20120079768 | CATALYST FOR REFORMING TAR USED IN THE STEAM GASIFICATION OF BIOMASS - A catalyst includes an olivine substrate on which an iron compound layer is deposited, produced by impregnating the olivine substrate with a solution including an iron salt, and then heat-treating. The catalyst is useful for steam-reforming tar, in particular in gaseous media from the steam gasification of biomass. Further, the catalyst can be used alone for catalyzing the steam gasification of organic compounds from biomass while limiting the amount of tar produced in the synthesized gases. | 04-05-2012 |
| 048203000 |
Producer | 2 |
| 20090293360 | HIGH TEMPERATURE REFORMER - A method of gasifying organic materials (carbonaceous compounds) such as coal and fossil fuel and their mixtures including gasifying wastes into syngas, and an apparatus thereof. The apparatus is suitable to gasify carbonaceous wastes without secondary pollutants formed from oxidation. Further, the apparatus can be used in a system to drive a fuel cell. | 12-03-2009 |
| 20100024300 | METHOD FOR LOW-SEVERITY GASIFICATION OF HEAVY PETROLEUM RESIDUES - A method for co-producing a sulfur-containing raw synthetic gas and an essentially desulfurized solid residue from a sulfur-containing heavy petroleum residue feedstock, comprising feeding a bubbling fluidized-bed gasification reactor with the feedstock, and converting the feedstock to a raw synthetic gas by a partial oxidation reaction in the presence of water at a temperature at or below about 1000° C. and a pressure at or below about 10 atm, thereby also producing an essentially desulfurized solid residue, while the sulfur components are essentially comprised in the raw synthetic gas; and separately recovering the essentially desulfurized solid residue and the sulfur-containing raw synthetic gas. | 02-04-2010 |
| 048214000 |
Oil and steam injected | 1 |
| 20090165384 | Continuous Process for Converting Carbonaceous Feedstock into Gaseous Products - Continuous processes for converting a carbonaceous feedstock into a plurality of gaseous products are described. The continuous processes include, among other steps, recovering a substantial portion of alkali metal from the solid char that results from the gasification of a carbonaceous feedstock. The alkali metal is recovered as an alkali metal carbonate. A gasification catalyst for a subsequent gasification step may comprise the recovered alkali metal carbonate and a makeup amount of alkali metal hydroxide. | 07-02-2009 |
| 20090165384 | Continuous Process for Converting Carbonaceous Feedstock into Gaseous Products - Continuous processes for converting a carbonaceous feedstock into a plurality of gaseous products are described. The continuous processes include, among other steps, recovering a substantial portion of alkali metal from the solid char that results from the gasification of a carbonaceous feedstock. The alkali metal is recovered as an alkali metal carbonate. A gasification catalyst for a subsequent gasification step may comprise the recovered alkali metal carbonate and a makeup amount of alkali metal hydroxide. | 07-02-2009 |
| 048219000 |
Carbureting | 1 |
| 20100071263 | FUEL REFORMING PROCESS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES - A fuel reforming system, process, and device including a catalytic chamber and a heating chamber. The catalytic chamber, further including a fluid fuel intake and a gaseous fluid exit port and at least one heat exchanger for distributing heat between the heating chamber and the catalytic chamber. The catalytic chamber further including a screen member having a surface, wherein the member includes a catalytic deposit made from a combination of platinum and rhodium alloy. A catalytic conversion of converting liquid fuel to gaseous fuel occurs within the catalytic chamber. Fuel exits the fuel reforming device through a gaseous fluid exit port. | 03-25-2010 |
| Entries |
| Document | Title | Date |
|---|
| 20080209808 | Micro component liquid hydrocarbon steam reformer system and cycle for producing hydrogen gas - A micro component steam reformer system for producing hydrogen-enriched gas to power a fuel cell adapted for scalable power requirements wherein fluid flow is configured in a circuit whereby, in serially interconnected fluid flow modules, a vaporized hydrocarbon is mixed with fuel cell off gas having a hydrogen component and combusted to heat vaporizers and a steam reformer, vaporized hydrocarbons and water vapor are introduced as a feed stock into the steam reformer to produce a syn-gas, which is cooled and purified, and the resulting principally hydrogen gas is introduced into a hydrogen fuel cell having an interconnection within the circuit in which off gas from the fuel cell is processed to provide hydrogen and water for use in the system cycle. | 09-04-2008 |
| 20080236043 | Method for Producing and Preparing Fast Pyrolysis Products from Biomass for an Entrained-Flow Pressure Gasification - A method is provided for producing and preparing fast pyrolysis products from a biomass for entrained-flow pressure gasification that includes: heating of the biomass under exclusion of oxygen in a pyrolysis reactor, a temperature of between 400 to 600° C. being established for one to 50 seconds, such that the biomass reacts to form porous pyrolysis coke, pyrolysis condensate and pyrolysis gas; and drawing off the pyrolysis gas; condensing vaporous constituents of the pyrolysis condensate in a plurality of condensation stages so as to: condense, in a first condensation stage, at temperatures above the dew point of water, a low-temperature carbonization tar from the vaporous constituents; and condense and separate at temperatures between 0° C. and the dew point of water, in at least one subsequent condensation stage, an aqueous solution of oxygen-containing organic compounds. | 10-02-2008 |
| 20080289255 | Apparatus and Method for Producing Hydrogen - An apparatus and method for producing hydrogen. The apparatus includes a fuel processor, a purification unit and a system controller. The controller determines a calculated flow of reformate from the fuel processor and operates the purification unit based on the calculated flow. The calculated flow is derived from a process model of the fuel processor and known feed(s) to the fuel processor. The calculated flow of reformate is used to control the flow of reformate to adsorbent beds within the purification unit and can be used to control other materials flows within the apparatus. Means for reducing fluctuations in the pressure and/or flow rate of reformate flowing from the fuel processor to the purification unit are also disclosed. The purity of the hydrogen produced can be maintained by adjusting the operation of the purification unit in response to changes in reformate composition, pressure and/or flow rate. | 11-27-2008 |
| 20080295405 | Method for controlling syngas production in a system with multiple feed materials - Two or more feed materials that possess differing syngas generation potentials are mixed in a mixer and fed as a composite feed stream into a gasifier to produce syngas. By controlling the feed rate of the mixture into the gasifier as well as the feed rates of one or more of the individual feed materials into the mixer, the syngas is produced at a target production rate, with target energy content (BTU). Potential feed materials include, but are not limited to, construction and demolition (C&D) debris, municipal solid waste (MSW), other sewage-related solids, waste tires, and other substances that contain varying levels of organic compounds capable of producing a syngas. | 12-04-2008 |
| 20080313962 | Metal Passivation - A method for passivating low-alloy steel surfaces in apparatus operating in the temperature range 350 to 580° C. and exposed to a carbon monoxide containing gas mixture comprises adding a passivating compound containing at least one phosphorus (P) atom to the gas mixture. The gas mixture is preferably a reformed gas and also described is a process for producing a synthesis gas wherein, prior to cooling a reformed gas mixture to a temperature between 350 and 580° C. in apparatus having low-alloy steel surfaces downstream of one or more reforming steps, a passivating compound containing at least one phosphorus (P) atom is combined with the gas mixture. | 12-25-2008 |
| 20090013602 | HOT SOLIDS GASIFIER WITH CO2 REMOVAL AND HYDROGEN PRODUCTION - A gasifier | 01-15-2009 |
| 20090119993 | PARALLEL PATH, DOWNDRAFT GASIFIER APPARATUS AND METHOD - A method for using a downdraft gasifier comprising a housing and a refractory stack contained within the housing. The refractory stack may comprise various sections. Apertures in the sections may be aligned to form multiple columnar cavities. Each columnar cavity may comprise an individual oxidation zone. The method of use may include the steps of placing a feedstock into an upper portion of the refractory stack, measuring the temperature of each columnar cavity, and adjusting the flow of oxygen to a particular columnar cavity to maintain the temperature of the particular columnar cavity within a particular range. | 05-14-2009 |
| 20090183431 | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A PURIFIED SYNTHESIS GAS STREAM - A process for producing a purified synthesis gas stream from a carbonaceous feedstock, the process comprising the steps of
| 07-23-2009 |
| 20090199476 | Process for modifying fuel solids - The invention provides a process for comminuting coal or other fuel solids in a shear field, and for optionally coating the solids with catalysts for combustion, liquefaction, and or gasification during the milling process. The process further provides for control of water content in the solids may be controlled before, during and after the milling in order to obtain micronized solids with fine hydration layers. The output fuel solids from the process can burn at low temperatures, avoiding emissions of nitrogen oxides, and they also have improved properties for surfactant-free suspension in either water or oil media, as well as for liquefaction and gasification. | 08-13-2009 |
| 20090217589 | Carbonaceous Fines Recycle - Processes are provided for capturing and recycling carbonaceous fines generated during a gasification process. In particular, the recycled fines are processed into a particulate composition which is useable as a carbonaceous feedstock and is conversion into a gas stream comprising methane. | 09-03-2009 |
| 20090255182 | GASIFICATION PROCESS AND PRODUCER GAS - A gasification process for making producer gas is disclosed. A consistent quality of raw carbon source material is supplied for gasification. The impurity content of the raw carbon source material to is adjusted to within an acceptable consistent range of impurity content. The raw carbon source material is heated in a non-oxidizing environment to adjust the tar content and to remove volatile hydrocarbon constituents and to produce a devolatilize carbon source material. The devolatilized carbon source material is gasified by heating the carbon source material to a gasification temperature in a gasification generator, supplying steam, and supplying enhanced oxygen content air to react with the devolatilized carbon source material and to thereby form consistent, high energy value, low impurity producer gas. | 10-15-2009 |
| 20090282739 | PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF SYNTHESIS GAS FROM BLACK LIQUOR - A process for the adjustment of the composition of a synthesis gas produced in a high temperature black liquor gasifier. The process includes the steps of (a) generating a gasifier effluent stream from black liquor in the gasifier by a blast and optionally an atomising stream; (b) optionally quenching the gasifier effluent stream with a gas stream to form a gas quenched effluent stream; (c) quenching the gasifier effluent of step (a) or the gas quenched effluent gas stream of step (b) with a water stream to form a raw synthesis gas; (d) further cooling and cleaning and separating the raw synthesis gas to form a purified unprocessed synthesis gas with an appropriate H | 11-19-2009 |
| 20090307975 | METHOD FOR REPROCESSING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS FROM FOSSIL FUELS - The present invention relates to a method for reprocessing of the combustion products, carbon dioxide and water, to generate renewable synthetic fuels and motor fuels by means of electrical energy, involving, according to the invention, mixing hydrogen, produced from water, preferably water vapor, by electrolysis, and carbon dioxide up to a molar ratio of 1 to 3.5 to obtain a carbon dioxide-hydrogen mixture, pre-heating said mixture in a high temperature recuperator and then heating it to 800 to 5,000° C. in an electrically-heated device or an electrical plasma generator, utilizing the crude synthesis gas thus formed recuperatively to pre-heat the carbon dioxide-hydrogen mixture, then directly cooling while the reaction water separates, and feeding the carbon monoxide-carbon dioxide-hydrogen mixture existing at this stage to a Fischer-Tropsch or methanol synthesis and converting it therein to the products, hydrocarbons and/or methanol, which are cooled while the water separates, and are condensed if necessary. | 12-17-2009 |
| 20100000155 | CHROMIUM-FREE WATER GAS SHIFT CATALYST - Catalyst for use in the high temperature shift reaction comprising in its active form a mixture of zinc alumina spinel and zinc oxide in combination with an alkali metal selected from the group consisting of Na, K, Rb, Cs and mixtures thereof. | 01-07-2010 |
| 20100024299 | Energy contained waste to energy process and system - An energy contained waste to energy process and system includes a waste treatment unit having a treatment chamber and including a pressurizing presser movably supported in the treatment chamber for pressing the energy contained waste in the treatment chamber until the air within the energy contained waste is squeezed out. A waste to energy conversion unit includes a conversion housing having a reaction chamber for receiving the energy contained waste from the treatment chamber, and a pyrolysis processor for pyrolysis processing the energy contained waste in the reaction chamber to decompose the energy contained waste into a fuel gas and powdered residue. An energy collection unit is communicated with the waste to energy conversion unit to collect the fuel gas and the powdered residue as an energy source for recycling use. | 02-04-2010 |
| 20100083574 | Modification of rheological properties of coal for slurry feed gasification - The feeding of coal slurries into a gasifier for the production of synthesis gas is improved by modifying the rheological properties of the coal particles so that conventional liquid transfer equipment can be used in the feed transfer process to the gasifier. The coal particle surface modification is accomplished by adsorbing asphaltenes derived from petroleum onto the surfaces of coal particles prior to and/or during contact with the slurry liquid. The coal particles with their surfaces thus modified exhibit lower particle-particle interaction in the liquid slurries to form a shear independent Newtonian fluid or a weakly shear thickening pseudoplastic fluid. The rheological properties of the slurries permit them to be transported reliably into a pressurized, entrained feed gasifier vessel using convention slurry pumps with a low potential expenditure of energy. | 04-08-2010 |
| 20100088958 | MIXING AND FEEDING AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF ALKALI METAL SALT AND PARTICLES OF SULFUR-CONTAINING CARBONACEOUS FUEL FOR GASIFICATION - A process of producing a combustible gas from a solid sulfur-containing carbonaceous fuel is provided. In the process, an aqueous solution is provided. A solute of the solution is a carbonate salt of an alkali metal. Particles of the fuel and the aqueous solution are mixed ( | 04-15-2010 |
| 20100223849 | METHOD OF CATALYTIC REACTION - A method of combusting a catalyzed hydrocarbon fuel comprising providing a first fluid and a second fluid, at least one of said fluids comprising a mixture of a hydrocarbon fuel with an air stream, passing the first fluid into one or more catalytic tubes of a catalytic reactor, and passing the second fluid adjacent the catalytic tubes in a chamber of a catalytic reactor. A varying tube cross section to modify the flow of one of the fluids is provided for at least a portion of the tube. The flow of the first fluid leaving the catalytic tubes is mixed with the second fluid and combusted. | 09-09-2010 |
| 20100251616 | SEQUENCING RETORT LIQUID PHASE TORREFICATION PROCESSING APPARATUS AND METHOD - A method and related apparatus for torrefaction of associated biomass which includes providing an enclosed chamber having a body and a door having an open position allowing passage into and out of the enclosed chamber and a closed position in which the door is disposed in sealing engagement with the body, providing the enclosed chamber with walls capable of sustaining both a negative pressure and a positive pressure within the enclosed chamber; moving the door to an open position; depositing a liquid heat transfer fluid within the enclosed chamber at a temperature sufficient to achieve torrefication of the biomass and a first quantity of biomass material in the enclosed chamber that is substantially totally immersed in the liquid heat transfer fluid whereby heat transfer occurs between the liquid heat transfer fluid and the biomass immersed therein; moving the door to a closed position in sealing engagement with the body; and allowing the pressure within the enclosed chamber to rise to a pressure above the vapor pressure of the heat transfer fluid as a result of the expansion of liquids and gases entrained within the biomass. | 10-07-2010 |
| 20110005135 | GASIFIER AND GASIFICATION METHODS USING THEREOF - This invention is related to a gasifier and gasification methods realized in said gasifier to provide modular solutions at geographical areas where the access is difficult by processing the refuse-derived-fuel (RDF) obtained from waste including hazardous, industrial and municipal waste in an environmentally sound manner. Switching between the updraft and downdraft gasification modes in said gasifier is possible without the interruption of the system. Therefore energy, labor and time saving is realized via the invented gasifier and the gasification method. | 01-13-2011 |
| 20110107670 | GASIFICATION OF COMBUSTIBLE ORGANIC MATERIALS - The invention relates to a process for manufacturing a combustible gas having a lower heating value of at least 1 MJ/Nm | 05-12-2011 |
| 20110113688 | REFORMING APPARATUS - A reforming apparatus includes: an evaporation part that heats reforming water to generate steam; a reforming part having a reforming catalyst that is supplied with a mixture of the steam generated by the evaporation part and reforming fuel and generates reforming gas; a mixing part that is disposed on the lower side of the reforming part in the gravity direction and mixes the reforming fuel with the steam; a reforming fuel supply pipe having a desulfurizer for removing a sulfur content of the reforming fuel; and a reforming fuel connecting pipe connected at one end to the reforming fuel supply pipe and opened at the other end to the mixing part. A connecting part between the reforming fuel supply pipe and the reforming fuel connecting pipe is disposed above the mixing part in the gravity direction. | 05-19-2011 |
| 20110120012 | MINIMAL SOUR GAS EMISSION FOR AN INTEGRATED GASIFICATION COMBINED CYCLE COMPLEX - Disclosed is a process to start-up, operate, and shut down a gasifier and an integrated gasification combined cycle complex with minimal sour gas emissions while additionally reducing the release of contaminants such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, and nitrogen oxides. The process is accomplished by starting up with a sulfur free feedstock and by scrubbing any ventable sour gases free of sulfur contaminants prior to release of any such gases to the atmosphere. | 05-26-2011 |
| 20110154737 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ACCUMULATING, STORING, AND RELEASING THERMAL ENERGY AND HUMIDITY - A method and apparatus for supplying heat and humidity to gas filled spaces by the addition of water to a dehydrated material that releases heat upon exposure to water, exposing the hydrated material to dry contacting gas which results in loss of water from the hydrated material to the contacting gas, the contacting gas being heated and humidified by such exposure, and subsequent dispersal of the added heat and humidity to the gas filled space. This sequence also results in regeneration of the dehydrated material so that these steps may be repeated. By limiting the amount of water addition to the dehydrated material within a cycle of the process, less time and/or energy is required to regenerate the dehydrated material and finer control of resultant living space humidity may be possible. | 06-30-2011 |
| 20110173887 | Tyer carburetion process - A means for improving prior art combined cycle combustor and/or gasifiers and/or plural thermodynamic cycle gasification systems by introducing and utilizing an auger for the continuous feeding, agitation, tumbling, advancement and discharge of heterogeneous carbonaceous fuel. In addition to the aforementioned improvement, I have included provisions for Fontana's water gas shift reaction utilizing refractory embedded down-tubes that convey steam and oxygen into and through the chambers fluidized bed. | 07-21-2011 |
| 20110179715 | FUEL REFORMING PROCESS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES - A fuel reforming system, process, and device including a catalytic chamber and a heating chamber. The catalytic chamber, further including a fluid fuel intake and a gaseous fluid exit port and at least one heat exchanger for distributing heat between the heating chamber and the catalytic chamber. The catalytic chamber further including a screen member having a surface, wherein the member includes a catalytic deposit made from a combination of platinum and rhodium alloy. A catalytic conversion of converting liquid fuel to gaseous fuel occurs within the catalytic chamber. Fuel exits the fuel reforming device through a gaseous fluid exit port. In the process of phase change from liquid to gaseous phase, there is no change of chemical composition and C8H18 remains stable throughout, except for an increase in Enthalpy (heat content) per mol. | 07-28-2011 |
| 20110179716 | INDUSTRIAL PLANT MANUFACTURING ITS OWN FUEL - The invention relates to a plant comprising an industrial manufacturing unit having a burner that burns a combustible fluid, the unit generating combustion flue gases containing CO | 07-28-2011 |
| 20110185634 | Device and Method for the Electrothermal-Chemical Gasification of Biomass - A device for extracting fuels from biomass while adding electrical energy, comprising a gasifier for gasifying the biomass while adding electrical energy to a gas mixture, a reformer for reforming the gas mixture obtained from the gasification, a gas scrubber for scrubbing the reformed gas mixture, a catalyst for carrying out a catalytic reaction for obtaining a reaction mixture from the scrubbed gas mixture, and a separator for separating the fuel from the reaction mixture, the device further comprising devices for supplying hydrogen for hydrogenating the biomass or the gas mixture obtained from gasification and representing a closed system having a uniform internal pressure in an operating state. | 08-04-2011 |
| 20110239543 | APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR CONVERTING GAS INTO FUEL - The present invention is related to an apparatus and a method for converting gas into fuel. The apparatus for converting gas into fuel in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention can include: a first gas processing unit discharging first fuel gas by removing hydrogen sulfide in the raw gas by spraying a solution; a second gas processing unit discharging second fuel gas by removing moisture in the first fuel gas; a third gas processing unit discharging third fuel gas by removing hydrogen sulfide remaining in the second fuel gas; and a solution reservoir supplied with the solution from at least one of the second gas processing unit and the third gas processing unit and storing the solution. | 10-06-2011 |
| 20110283618 | SUPPLYING BIOREACTOR GASEOUS EFFLUENT TO COMBUSTION PROCESS - There is provided a process of growing a phototrophic biomass in a reaction zone. The reaction zone includes an operative reaction mixture. The operative reaction mixture includes the phototrophic biomass disposed in an aqueous medium. Gaseous exhaust material is produced with a gaseous exhaust material producing process, wherein the gaseous exhaust material includes carbon dioxide. Reaction zone feed material is supplied to the reaction zone of a photobioreactor such that any carbon dioxide of the reaction zone feed material is received by the phototrophic biomass so as to provide a carbon dioxide-enriched phototrophic biomass in the aqueous medium. A discharge of the gaseous exhaust material from the gaseous exhaust material producing process is supplied to the reaction zone feed material and defines a gaseous exhaust material reaction zone supply. The carbon dioxide-enriched phototrophic biomass disposed in the aqueous medium is exposed to photosynthetically active light radiation so as to effect photosynthesis. A reaction zone gaseous effluent being discharged from the reaction zone is recovered. The recovered reaction zone gaseous effluent is contacted with combustible material in a combustion zone to effect combustion of the combustible material. | 11-24-2011 |
| 20110289845 | METHOD FOR CONTROLLING SYNGAS PRODUCTION IN A SYSTEM WITH MULTIPLE FEED MATERIALS USING A MOLTEN METAL BATH - Processes and apparatus for treating organic and inorganic materials in a metal bath contained in a high temperature reactor to produce synthesis gas are provided. Two or more feed materials that possess differing syngas generation potentials are mixed in a mixer and fed as a composite feed stream into a gasifier to produce syngas. The feed materials are prepared and analyzed for heat value prior to injection and the composition of materials in and exiting the reactor are monitored. By controlling the feed rate of the mixture into the gasifier as well as the feed rates of one or more of the individual feed materials into the mixer, the syngas is produced at a target production rate, with target energy content (BTU). Based upon the results of the analysis and monitoring, oxygen, steam, and/or other feed materials are also injected into the reactor, to control processing and synthesis gas quality. Potential feed materials include, but are not limited to, construction and demolition (C&D) debris, municipal solid waste (MSW), other sewage-related solids, waste tires, and other substances that contain varying levels of organic compounds capable of producing a syngas. | 12-01-2011 |
| 20110314735 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING A FUEL CONTAINING CARBON - The invention relates to a method for producing a fuel ( | 12-29-2011 |
| 20120017511 | PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN WITH INTERMEDIATE-PRESSURE PURGING - This invention relates to a process for the production of hydrogen from a hydrocarbon feedstock and water vapor comprising:
| 01-26-2012 |
| 20120023823 | Method for Gasification and A Gasifier - Disclosed is a cyclonic gasifier and cyclonic gasification method. The cyclonic gasifier and cyclonic gasification method involve a chamber having a first portion proximal to a first end and a second portion proximal to a second end, introducing a first fuel to the first portion of the chamber, introducing a second fuel to the chamber; and introducing a first oxidant to accelerate the velocity of the first fuel and swirl the first fuel from the first portion toward the second portion. | 02-02-2012 |
| 20120036777 | SANDWICH GASIFICATION PROCESS FOR HIGH-EFFICIENCY CONVERSION OF CARBONACEOUS FUELS TO CLEAN SYNGAS WITH ZERO RESIDUAL CARBON DISCHARGE - The present invention discloses a gasifier and/or a gasification process that provides a long, uniform temperature zone in the gasifier, regardless of the particle size, chemical composition, and moisture content of the fuel by sandwiching a reduction zones between two oxidation zones. The gasifier and/or gasification process has a char that is more energy-dense and almost devoid of moisture that affords for an additional (or char) oxidation zone with a temperature that is higher than a first oxidation zone which is closer to a evaporation and devolatilization zone. As such, the additional (or char) oxidation zone contributes to augmenting the reduction zone temperature, thereby providing a favorable dual impact in improving syngas composition and near-complete conversion of the tar. | 02-16-2012 |
| 20120055090 | SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR OXIDATION OF SYNTHESIS GAS TAR - The various embodiments of the present invention relate generally to the process of gasification and the production of synthesis gas. More particularly, the various embodiments of the present disclosure relate to the process of biomass gasification and the reduction or elimination of tars from the hydrocarbon-rich product gas derived from biomass gasification. The present invention comprises systems and methods for the reduction of tar from a synthesis gas derived from biomass gasification. | 03-08-2012 |
| 20120079767 | FUEL FROM SEPARATE HYDROGEN AND CARBON MONOXIDE FEEDS - A process and system for producing synthesis gas (syngas) by combining hydrogen and carbon monoxide from separate sources while controlling the mole ratio (H2/CO) of the syngas product. Hydrogen is produced by splitting water. Carbon monoxide is produced by reacting carbon dioxide (CO2), which has been captured from the exhaust of stationary combustion engines, with hydrogen via the Reverse Water Gas Shift. Hydrocarbon fuels are produced from this syngas via the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. | 04-05-2012 |
| 20120096770 | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A PURIFIED SYNTHESIS GAS STREAM - A process for producing a purified synthesis gas stream from a feed synthesis gas stream comprising besides the main constituents carbon monoxide and hydrogen also hydrogen sulphide,HCN and/or COS, the process comprising the steps of: (a) removing HCN and/or COS by contacting the feed synthesis gas stream with a water gas shift catalyst in a shift reactor in the presence of steam/water to react at least part of the carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide, and to obtain a synthesis gas stream depleted in HCN and/or in COS; (b) removing hydrogen sulphide in the synthesis gas stream depleted in HCN and/or in COS by contacting this gas stream in a H | 04-26-2012 |
| 20120117879 | METHOD FOR UTILIZING DISTILLATION FRACTIONS OBTAINED FROM DISTILLATION OF TALL OIL IN BTL OR CELLULOSE FACTORY - The invention relates to a method for utilizing distillation fractions obtained from distillation of tall oil in a BtL plant. The essential feature of the method allows utilization of tall oil obtained from cellulose plants that is processed into different fractions and passed to different points of the BtL process for producing biofuels and utilizing the same in the gasification step and/or energy generation for the BtL process. | 05-17-2012 |
| 20120137583 | METHOD FOR SUPPLYING AN ENTRAINED-FLOW GASIFICATION REACTOR WITH CARBONACEOUS FUELS - With a method for supplying an entrained-flow gasification reactor with carbonaceous fuel for the production of a gas that contains CO and H | 06-07-2012 |
| 20120144741 | Method Of Operating A Fuel Processor - In situations where the demand for syngas is prolonged, a fuel processor is operated continuously to provide a syngas stream for a prolonged period. The equivalence ratio of reactants supplied to the fuel processor is controlled so that a high fuel-conversion efficiency to hydrogen and carbon monoxide is obtained at temperatures correspondent to carbon production balance, where carbon is formed and gasified at approximately the same rate in the fuel processor. | 06-14-2012 |
| 20120144742 | PARALLEL PATH, DOWNDRAFT GASIFIER APPARATUS AND METHOD - A method for using a downdraft gasifier comprising a housing and a refractory stack contained within the housing. The refractory stack may comprise various sections. Apertures in the sections may be aligned to form multiple columnar cavities. Each columnar cavity may comprise an individual oxidation zone. The method of use may include the steps of placing a feedstock into an upper portion of the refractory stack, measuring the temperature of each columnar cavity, and adjusting the flow of oxygen to a particular columnar cavity to maintain the temperature of the particular columnar cavity within a particular range. | 06-14-2012 |
| 20120167466 | SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR MAINTAINING SULFUR CONCENTRATION IN A SYNGAS TO REDUCE METAL DUSTING IN DOWNSTREAM COMPONENTS - Systems and methods for maintaining a sulfur concentration in a syngas are provided. The method can include combining sulfur and a carbonaceous material to produce a sulfur containing carbonaceous feed. The method can also include gasifying at least a portion of the sulfur containing carbonaceous feed to produce a syngas and detecting a sulfur concentration in the syngas. The method can further include adjusting an amount of the sulfur combined with the carbonaceous material based on the detected sulfur concentration. | 07-05-2012 |
| 20120167467 | METHOD FOR GASIFYING SOLID FUEL WITH UNIFIED GAS PURIFICATION AND GASIFIER USING SAID METHOD - A gasification process is divided into three processes: a gasification furnace for carrying out gasification process by pyrolysis and gasification (pyrolysis gasification phase, first process), a combustion furnace for burning char to obtain calcined active chemical (char combustion phase, second process) and a gas purification furnace for purifying gasified gas (gasified gas purification phase, third process). Through heat transmission by the fluid heat medium and chemical reactions in respective phases by the chemical, the gasification furnace is independently controlled to a low or medium temperature (773-1073 K) which is required for gasification and which enables absorption of CO | 07-05-2012 |
| 20130036670 | LIQUID FUEL FOR ISOLATING WASTE MATERIAL AND STORING ENERGY - Techniques, systems, apparatus, and materials are disclosed for generating multi-purpose liquid fuel for isolating contaminants and storing energy. In one aspect, a method of producing a liquid fuel includes forming a gaseous fuel (e.g., by dissociating biomass waste using waste heat recovered from an external heat source). Carbon dioxide emitted from an industrial process can be harvested and reacted with the gaseous fuel to generate the liquid fuel. A hazardous contaminant can be dissolved in the liquid fuel, with the liquid fuel operating as a solvent or continuous phase for a solution or colloid that isolates the hazardous contaminant from the environment. The hazardous contaminant can include at least one of a carbon donor and a hydrogen donor. | 02-14-2013 |
| 20130192139 | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR HEATING A GASIFIER - A system includes a gasifier configured to gasify a gasification fuel during a gasification mode. The system also includes a first injector configured to inject a heat control fuel and an oxygen enriched air into the gasifier for combustion during a heat control mode. The heat control fuel is the same or different from the gasification fuel, and the oxygen enriched air includes air enriched with additional oxygen. | 08-01-2013 |
| 20130199091 | PROCESS AND SYSTEM FOR CONVERTING WASTE MATERIAL TO FUEL OR SYNTHETIC GAS FEEDSTOCK - A waste processing system and method is described. The waste processing system may be used to treat any type of waste material that may be decomposed upon the application of energy, wherein recyclable metal and/or a gaseous end product is/are generated which may have commercial or industrial applications. The waste material may be reduced in size and passed to a purge vessel where the oxygen content of the waste material is reduced. The waste material is then heated in a heat exchanger which may be linearly elongated and passed to a conversion chamber where it is treated with H—H—O gas torches. A final gaseous end product is generated which may be used as a fuel source. | 08-08-2013 |
| 20130199092 | PROCESS AND SYSTEM FOR CONVERTING WASTE MATERIAL TO FUEL OR SYNTHETIC GAS FEEDSTOCK - A waste processing system and method is described. The waste processing system may be used to treat any type of waste material that may be decomposed upon the application of energy, wherein recyclable metal and/or a gaseous end product is/are generated which may have commercial or industrial applications. The waste material may be reduced in size and passed to a purge vessel where the oxygen content of the waste material is reduced. The waste material is then heated in a heat exchanger which may be linearly elongated and passed to a conversion chamber where it is treated with H-H-O gas torches. A final gaseous end product is generated which may be used as a fuel source. | 08-08-2013 |
| 20130232876 | GRADUAL OXIDATION WITH HEAT TRANSFER - Described herein are embodiments of systems and methods for oxidizing gases. In some embodiments, a reaction chamber is configured to receive a fuel gas and maintain the gas at a temperature within the reaction chamber that is above an autoignition temperature of the gas. The reaction chamber may also be configured to maintain a reaction temperature within the reaction chamber below a flameout temperature. In some embodiments, heat and product gases from the oxidation process can be used, for example, to drive a turbine, reciprocating engine, and injected back into the reaction chamber. | 09-12-2013 |
| 20140026484 | METHODS TO FACILITATE SUBSTITUTE NATURAL GAS PRODUCTION - A method of producing substitute natural gas (SNG) includes providing a gasification reactor having a cavity defined at least partially by a first wall. The reactor also includes a first passage defined at least partially by at least a portion of the first wall and a second wall, wherein the first passage is in heat transfer communication with the first wall. The reactor further includes a second passage defined at least partially by at least a portion of the second wall and a third wall. The method also includes coupling the cavity in flow communication with the first and second passages. The method further includes producing a first synthetic gas (syngas) stream within the cavity. The method also includes channeling at least a portion of the first syngas stream to the first and second passages. | 01-30-2014 |
| 20140157668 | METHOD FOR OPERATING A GASIFIER - A method for operating a gasifier includes detecting a corrosive compound between a combustion chamber defined within the gasifier and an inner wall of a pressure vessel that at least partially surrounds the combustion chamber via a corrosion sensor and increasing the temperature of the inner wall of the pressure vessel to a temperature that is greater than a dew point of the corrosive compound via a heater that at least partially surrounds the pressure vessel. The method may also include adjusting a flow of at least one of a fuel, an oxidant and a diluent to the gasifier in response to the detection of the corrosive compound so as to modify the dew point of the corrosive compound. | 06-12-2014 |
| 20140352214 | Gasifier Having a Slag Breaker and Method of Operating the Same - A gasifier comprises an internal chamber, a slag collection region, a slag passageway, a slag breaker, and an actuator. The internal chamber comprises a main combustion region that is configured and adapted to gasify fuel. The slag collection region is located beneath the main combustion region. The slag passageway operatively connects the main combustion region to the slag collection region. The slag breaker comprises a face that is movable relative to the internal chamber. The face is configured and adapted to move within the slag passageway in a manner such that the face contacts and mechanically breaks solidified slag into chunks of solidified slag that then fall into the slag collection region. The actuator is connected to the slag breaker and is configured and adapted to move the face of the slag breaker. | 12-04-2014 |
| 20140366447 | FLUIDIZED-BED GASIFICATION METHOD AND FACILITY THEREFOR - Provided are a fluidized-bed combustion furnace | 12-18-2014 |
| 20190144770 | SLAG DISCHARGE SYSTEM, GASIFIER PROVIDED WITH SAME, AND METHOD FOR OPERATING SLAG DISCHARGE SYSTEM | 05-16-2019 |
| 20220135892 | SANDWICH GASIFICATION PROCESS FOR HIGH-EFFICIENCY CONVERSION OF CARBONACEOUS FUELS TO CLEAN SYNGAS WITH ZERO RESIDUAL CARBON DISCHARGE - The present invention discloses a gasifier and/or a gasification process that provides a long, uniform temperature zone in the gasifier, regardless of the particle size, chemical composition, and moisture content of the fuel by sandwiching a reduction zones between two oxidation zones. The gasifier and/or gasification process has a char that is more energy-dense and almost devoid of moisture that affords for an additional (or char) oxidation zone with a temperature that is higher than a first oxidation zone which is closer to an evaporation and devolatilization zone. As such, the additional (or char) oxidation zone contributes to augmenting the reduction zone temperature, thereby providing a favorable dual impact in improving syngas composition and near-complete conversion of the tar. | 05-05-2022 |
| 20080196307 | Procedure for gasification of glycerine - Procedure for the use of glycerine as biomass, for the production of energy by means of a spray gasification process, based on the use of a mixture of oxygen, vapour and atmospheric air as gasifying agents, which are introduced into a Gasification Chamber at temperatures above 900° C., so that the gas produced is transferred to a Reformer wherein, also at temperatures above 900° C., the different partial oxidation/thermal cracking reactions in the presence of metal oxides are completed and, subsequently, hot cycloned to retain ashes greater than 5 microns in size, whereupon the gas is sharply cooled using a basket-type Evaporator. | 08-21-2008 |
| 20080229662 | METHOD FOR VAPORISING AND REFORMING LIQUID FUELS - The invention relates to a method for vaporising and reforming liquid fuels, in particular the catalytic and non-catalytic partial oxidation and the autothermal reforming of liquid fuels with the addition of air- or air-vapour mixtures or air-water mixtures. The invention thereby solves the problems of the mixture formation, soot formation and conversion into low hydrocarbons and hydrogen in conjunction with reforming methods known from the state of the art. | 09-25-2008 |
| 20080236042 | Rural municipal waste-to-energy system and methods - A rural municipal waste-to-energy system and method converting waste to fuel gas through anaerobic digestion (AD) and pyrolysis/gasification. Fuel gases derived during the processes are combined and used to generate electricity. The amount of MSW normally collected by a municipality may be inadequate in volume to produce enough fuel gas with which to generate electricity sufficient to serve the entire community. It may be necessary, therefore, for additional wastes from the surrounding area to be included. The municipality must have its own public electric utility to be able to charge rates necessary for profitability. | 10-02-2008 |
| 20080244975 | Reforming apparatus and method - A multiple adiabatic bed reforming apparatus and process are disclosed in which stage-wise combustion, in combination with multiple reforming chambers with catalyst, utilize co-flow and cross-flow under laminar flow conditions, to provide a reformer suitable for smaller production situations as well as large scale production. A passive stage by stage fuel distribution network suitable for low pressure fuel is incorporated and the resistances in successive fuel distribution lines control the amount of fuel delivered to each combustion stage. The fuel distribution system allows relatively constant fuel and air flow during turn up or turn down conditions. High efficiency is achieved by capturing heat from reforming syngas product to preheat gases before entering the reformer. Conditions that would produce unwanted coking or metal dusting are also eliminated or localized to locations within the apparatus outside the heat exchangers, but which locations can be cost effectively protected. Also, a chemical reactor is disclosed and which has a core composed of a stack of metal plates that are diffusion bonded in face-to-face relationship. A plurality of reaction zones are located within the core, as are a plurality of catalyst receiving zones, and both the reaction zones and the catalyst receiving zones are defined by respective aligned apertures in the plates. First and second channel arrangements are provided in the plates for transporting first and second reactants to reaction zones. Portions of the first channel arrangement that interconnect the reaction zones are formed as heat exchange channels. A third channel arrangement is provided in the plates for transporting a third reactant to catalyst receiving zones. Portions of the third channel arrangement are formed as heat exchange channels in proximity to the heat exchange channels of the first channel arrangement. | 10-09-2008 |
| 20080250714 | Method of and an Apparatus For Gasifying Carbonaceous Material - A method of and an apparatus for gasifying carbonaceous material, the apparatus including a gasification reactor, to which oxygen-containing primary gas and secondary gasification gas are introduced, whereby a portion of the material to be gasified is gasified to product gas, residual carbon contained in the fly ash extracted from the product gas is combusted in a cyclone combustor, and the exhaust gas from the cyclone combustor is guided to above the bottom level of the gasification reactor to act as secondary gasification gas. | 10-16-2008 |
| 20080250715 | Process and apparatus for carbon capture and elimination of multi-pollutants in fuel gas from hydrocarbon fuel sources and recovery of multiple by-products - A multiple stage apparatus and process using aerodynamic reactors and aero-coalescers in sequence for the selective capture and removal of purified carbon dioxide gas, the sequential capture and removal of mercury, metal and particulate aerosols by a recycling chemical generation-regeneration system using alkali metal chloride solution following multiple oxidations of mercury vapor, and nitric oxide in sequence, selective capture and removal of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide by two stage absorption by a recycling chemical generation-regeneration system using alkali metal hydroxide-carbonate-bicarbonate solution together with sequential oxidation to alkali metal sulfate and alkali metal nitrate compounds through evaporation and crystallization. Carbon dioxide capture and recovery is achieved in sequence by selective thermal decarbonation from an alkaline liquid followed by recovery as a purified gas stream. | 10-16-2008 |
| 20080271377 | Combination Metal-Based and Hydride-Based Hydrogen Sources and Processes for Producing Hydrogen - A metal based hydrogen source contains metal such as Al, Zn, Mg that can react with water to produce hydrogen gas, borohydride such as sodium borohydride, potassium borohydride etc, and hydroxides such as NaOH and KOH etc. The hydrogen generation follows the following processes: First, metal aluminum reacts with water and hydroxide to produce hydrogen gas an heat, at the same time, hydroxide, the stabilizer of sodium borohydride, is consumed; As sodium borohydride is de-stabilized by the consuming of sodium hydroxide, hydrogen gas is produced through hydrolysis reaction of borohydride. The hydrolysis reaction can be accelerated by utilizing the heat that comes from aluminum's reaction with water. At the same time, hydroxides are partly or completely eliminated from the byproduct. The hydrogen gas produced may be used for any purpose. | 11-06-2008 |
| 20090013601 | MODULAR AND DISTRIBUTED METHODS AND SYSTEMS TO CONVERT BIOMASS TO SYNGAS - The present invention provides modular and distributed methods and systems to convert biomass feedstocks into synthesis gas (syngas). The syngas can then be turned into liquid chemicals and fuels such as ethanol. The modular units of the invention bring the conversion process to the biomass source, thereby minimizing feedstock transportation costs. The modules are capable of being connected to, and/or disconnected from, each other to easily adjust the overall feedstock capacity. The present invention also provides methods and systems to determine an optimal number and distribution of modular conversion units spatially located within a region of land. The disclosed methods and systems are flexible, efficient, scalable, and are capable of being cost-effective at any commercial scale of operation. | 01-15-2009 |
| 20090077891 | METHOD FOR PRODUCING FUEL GAS - A method for producing a synthesis gas from a widely varying feedstock of waste and natural fuels including providing a reaction chamber having a bottom coupled to an induction furnace, introducing a carbonaceous fuel into a molten metal contained within the reaction chamber, continuously or intermittently supplying heat and molten metal to the reaction chamber from the induction furnace and collecting a fuel gas generated within the reaction chamber. | 03-26-2009 |
| 20090126275 | Process for the Conversion of Synthesis Gas to Oxygenates - The present invention relates to an improved process for the conversion of carbon oxide(s) and hydrogen containing feedstocks to oxygen containing hydrocarbon compounds in the presence of a particulate catalyst. | 05-21-2009 |
| 20090165383 | Catalytic Gasification Process with Recovery of Alkali Metal from Char - Processes are described for the extraction and recovery of alkali metal from the char that results from catalytic gasification of a carbonaceous material. Among other steps, the processes of the invention include a hydrothermal leaching step in which a slurry of insoluble particulate comprising insoluble alkali metal compounds is treated with carbon dioxide and steam at elevated temperatures and pressures to effect the conversion of insoluble alkali metal compounds to soluble alkali metal compounds. Further, processes are described for the catalytic gasification of a carbonaceous material where a substantial portion of alkali metal is extracted and recovered from the char that results from the catalytic gasification process. | 07-02-2009 |
| 20090217588 | Co-Feed of Biomass as Source of Makeup Catalysts for Catalytic Coal Gasification - Continuous processes are provided for converting a carbonaceous feedstock comprising biomass containing alkali metal, non-biomass components, and at least one gasification catalyst including an alkali metal recovered from solid char, into a plurality of gaseous products including methane and at least one or more of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and other higher hydrocarbons. | 09-03-2009 |
| 20090260288 | Manufacture of gas from hydrogen-bearing starting materials. - In a process for manufacturing gas from hydrogen-bearing starting materials—such as those also containing carbon, carbonaceous materials, hydrocarbons or other hydrogen-bearing materials—the starting materials are fed into a 3-dimenstional plasma region to produce two output streams: a gas substantially containing hydrogen, and a by-products stream. Apparatus and a method are disclosed for generating gas which is substantially hydrogen gas (but may also contain other gaseous species) from the essentially complete dissociation of the starting materials in a plasma operating under pyrolytic conditions. | 10-22-2009 |
| 20100043291 | PROCESS AND EQUIPMENT FOR PRODUCING SYNTHESIS GAS FROM BIOMASS - A process for producing synthesis gas (S) from biomass, includes drying the biomass and gasifying the biomass. An equipment to carry out the process is also disclosed. The process further includes: subjecting the outgoing gases (CO | 02-25-2010 |
| 20100050521 | METHODS TO FACILITATE COOLING SYNGAS IN A GASIFIER - A method of cooling syngas in a gasifier is provided. The method includes channeling cooling fluid through at least one tube-bundle that includes at least three tubes coupled together within a radiant syngas cooler and extends through a reaction zone of the gasifier, and circulating reactant fluid around the at least one tube-bundle to facilitate transferring heat from the reactant fluid to the cooling fluid. | 03-04-2010 |
| 20100132258 | MECHANICALLY DRIVEN CENTRIFUGAL PYROLYZER - An apparatus for fast pyrolysis of biomass and other solid organic materials including a vertically oriented cylindrical vessel having a solids outlet proximate the bottom thereof, a vapor outlet, a top wall forming at least one opening, and an adjacent heated side wall. Disposed within the cylindrical vessel and extending through the at least one opening in the top wall is a rotor having a rotatable shaft coincident with the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical vessel to which is attached at least one substantially vertically oriented blade having one edge connected directly or indirectly with the rotatable shaft and having an opposite edge spaced apart from the heated side wall, whereby a non-radial, preferably tangential, force is imparted on the feedstock in the cylindrical vessel. Also disclosed is a method for fast pyrolysis of biomass and other solid organic materials. | 06-03-2010 |
| 20100146857 | METHOD OF OPERATING A GASIFIER - A method of operating a gasifier is provided that envisions dividing the gasifier into multiple zones. A high-calorific-value feedstock with an oxidant is injected in the first zone. The gasifier is operated to substantially consume the oxidant within the first gasification zone. The method of operating the gasifier further includes injecting a low-calorific-value, high-oxygen-content feedstock in a second gasification zone. The low-calorific-value, high-oxygen-content feedstock is devolatilized and gasified in second zone. A method of operation provides for a synergistic co-gasification of the high-calorific-value feedstock and the low-calorific-value, high oxidant content feedstock. The method provides for specific control actions that enable operation of multi-fuel, multizone gasifier. | 06-17-2010 |
| 20100154305 | METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR CATALYTIC HYDROTHERMAL GASIFICATION OF BIOMASS - Continuous processing of wet biomass feedstock by catalytic hydrothermal gasification must address catalyst fouling and poisoning. One solution can involve heating the wet biomass with a heating unit to a temperature sufficient for organic constituents in the feedstock to decompose, for precipitates of inorganic wastes to form, for preheating the wet feedstock in preparation for subsequent separation of sulfur contaminants, or combinations thereof. Treatment further includes separating the precipitates out of the wet feedstock, removing sulfur contaminants, or both using a solids separation unit and a sulfur separation unit, respectively. Having removed much of the inorganic wastes and the sulfur that can cause poisoning and fouling, the wet biomass feedstock can be exposed to the heterogeneous catalyst for gasification. | 06-24-2010 |
| 20100162626 | ADIABATIC REACTOR AND A PROCESS AND A SYSTEM FOR PRODUCING A METHANE-RICH GAS IN SUCH ADIABATIC REACTOR - An adiabatic reactor comprising a first inlet and a first outlet defining a first flowpath between the first inlet and the first outlet and a second inlet and a second outlet defining a second flowpath between the second inlet and the second outlet, wherein the first flowpath and the second flowpath are directed in opposite directions; wherein both the first flowpath and the second flowpath comprise a catalyst; and wherein at least part of the first flowpath and at least part of the second flowpath are thermally connected via a wall separating the first flowpath from the second flowpath. | 07-01-2010 |
| 20100162627 | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A METHANE-RICH GAS - A process for producing a methane-rich gas comprising the steps of:
| 07-01-2010 |
| 20110061299 | Catalytic process and system for converting liquid fuels into syngas - The present invention provides a process and apparatus for the gasification of a liquid fuel and includes providing a supply of a liquid fuel, a supply of oxidant, and a supply of liquid water; atomizing the liquid fuel and mixing it with the oxidant and steam; catalytically reacting the fuel-oxidant-steam mixture in a catalyst bed; initiating the catalytic reaction with an ignition source; positioning a heat exchanger in proximity with the catalyst bed so as to convert the liquid water to steam; and feeding the steam into the catalytic reaction, thereby eliminating the need for a liquid fuel vaporizer. A preferred catalyst bed includes an ultra-short-channel-length metal substrate. | 03-17-2011 |
| 20110197511 | PROCESS FOR CONVERTING CARBON-BASED ENERGY CARRIER MATERIAL - A process is disclosed process for converting a solid or highly viscous carbon-based energy carrier material to liquid and gaseous reaction products, said process comprising the steps of: a) contacting the carbon-based energy carrier material with a particulate catalyst material b) converting the carbon-based energy carrier material at a reaction temperature between 200° C. and 450° C., preferably between 250° C. and 350° C., thereby forming reaction products in the vapor phase. In a preferred embodiment the process comprises the additional step of: c) separating the vapor phase reaction products from the particulate catalyst material within 10 seconds after said reaction products are formed. In a further preferred embodiment step c) is followed by: d) quenching the reaction products to a temperature below 200° C. | 08-18-2011 |
| 20120090238 | In-situ coke removal - A process of catalytic partial oxidation of a hydrocarbon fuel, such as diesel, with an oxidant, such as air, to produce a partially-oxidized reaction product, such as a hydrogen-containing fuel gas, with simultaneous in-situ coke removal. The process involves feeding a hydrocarbon fuel and an oxidant to a reactor in a fuel-rich feed ratio; reacting the fuel and oxidant for a fuel-rich cycle-time so as to produce a partially-oxidized reaction product; varying the fuel feed, or the oxidant feed, or both feeds to produce a fuel-lean feed to the reactor; maintaining the fuel-lean feed for a fuel-lean cycle-time sufficient to reduce coke deposits while maintaining a substantially constant yield of partially-oxidized reaction product; and alternating between the fuel-rich and fuel-lean operating cycles. | 04-19-2012 |
| 20120131853 | CARBON CAPTURE SYSTEMS AND METHODS WITH SELECTIVE SULFUR REMOVAL - Disclosed herein are systems and methods for treating carbon dioxide in an environmentally effective manner. Systems and methods include providing a carbon dioxide enriched stream having CO | 05-31-2012 |
| 20120291351 | REFORMING METHANE AND HIGHER HYDROCARBONS IN SYNGAS STREAMS - Oxygen is added to a raw syngas stream that contains hydrogen and CO, one or more light hydrocarbons, and that may also contain tars, produced by gasification of carbonaceous feed material, while imparting heat at a rate greater than 125 BTU per pound of oxygen added, to partially oxidize light hydrocarbons and convert tars if present to lower molecular weight products. | 11-22-2012 |
| 20120291352 | Fluid Cooled Reformer and Method for Cooling a Reformer - The present subject matter discloses a fluid cooled reformer for gas turbine systems and a method for cooling both a fuel reformer and a heated reformate stream produced by such fuel reformer. The fluid cooled reformer may include a pressure vessel and a reactor assembly disposed within the pressure vessel, The reactor assembly may include a reactor and may be configured to receive and reform an oxygen/fuel mixture to produce a heated reformate stream. Additionally, the fluid cooled reformer may include an inlet configured to direct a fluid stream into the pressure vessel. At least a portion of the fluid stream may be used to cool the reactor assembly. A reformate cooling section may be disposed downstream of the reactor of the reactor assembly and may be configured to cool the heated reformate stream. | 11-22-2012 |
| 20130239481 | PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF GASEOUS SYNFUEL - A process is provided for the preparation of a gaseous syn-fuel having a heating value in the same range as natural gas. | 09-19-2013 |
| 20130283691 | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR OBTAINING THE MIXTURE OF OXYGEN AND HYDROGEN BY THE ACTION OF UV RADIATION ON MICRO-CRYSTALS OF ICE WATER - Present invention refers to a device and method for obtaining a mixture of hydrogen Hz and oxygen Oz through the activity of UV radiation on ice microcrystals. The device comprises a source of UV radiation ( | 10-31-2013 |
| 20140041299 | PYROLYSIS WASTE AND BIOMASS TREATMENT - The present invention provides methods and apparatus for treating waste, such as municipal waste via pyrolysis and yielding one or more of heat energy, electrical energy and fuel. In some embodiments, waste feed stock can be municipal waste in black bag form. In some the present invention additionally provides for processing of thousands of tons of municipal waste each day. | 02-13-2014 |
| 20140102002 | GASIFICATION OF BIO-OIL AND ALKALI CONTAINING ENERGY RICH AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS FROM PULP MILLS - Process for gasification of an alkali containing energy rich aqueous solution ( | 04-17-2014 |
| 20140157667 | COMBINED GASIFICATION AND VITRIFICATION SYSTEM - An optimized gasification/vitrification processing system having a gasification unit which converts organic materials to a hydrogen rich gas and ash in communication with a joule heated vitrification unit which converts the ash formed in the gasification unit into glass, and a plasma which converts elemental carbon and products of incomplete combustion formed in the gasification unit into a hydrogen rich gas. | 06-12-2014 |
| 20140259926 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PROCESSING OF CARBON-CONTAINING FEED STOCK INTO GASIFICATION GAS - The invention relates to chemical technology and equipment, in particular to apparatuses of processing of solid household and industrial waste, as well as other carbon-containing feedstock into combustible gasification gas and methods for pyrolysis and downdraft gasification process. | 09-18-2014 |
| 20150052812 | Oxygen-Deficient Thermally Produced Processed Biogas from Beneficiated Organic-Carbon-Containing Feedstock - A processed biogas composition made with an oxygen-deficient thermal sub-system from a processed organic-carbon-containing feedstock made with a beneficiation sub-system is described. Renewable biomass feedstock passed through a beneficiation sub-system to reduce water content to below at least 20 wt % and water-soluble salt reduction of at least 60% from that of unprocessed organic-carbon-containing feedstock on a dry basis. The processed feedstock is introduced into an oxygen-deficient thermal sub-system to result in processed biogas having an energy density of at least 700 BTU/cubic ft (26 MJ/cubic meter), a carbon monoxide concentration of less than 20 vol %, and a carbon dioxide concentration of less than 15 vol %. | 02-26-2015 |
| 20150068123 | SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR UTILIZING ALCOHOL FUELS - Methods, systems, and devices are disclosed for producing, storing and using alcohol fuels. In one aspect of the disclosed technology, a method to provide a fuel for an engine includes mixing an alcohol with water to produce a wet alcohol, adding a fuel constituent in the wet alcohol to form a liquid fuel, the fuel constituent being soluble in the wet alcohol, and converting, in a container having an interior formed of an armored material, the liquid fuel into a gaseous fuel substance using at least one of heat energy or electrical energy to pressurize the liquid fuel, the gaseous fuel substance exhibiting a higher pressure and lower density than that of the liquid fuel. | 03-12-2015 |
| 20160040081 | METHOD AND MEMBRANE MODULE FOR THE ENERGY-EFFICIENT OXYGEN GENERATION DURING BIOMASS GASIFICATION - The invention relates to a method and a membrane module for process-integrated oxygen generation during biomass gasification, wherein the oxygen is generated at high temperature via mixed conducting ceramic membranes. It is the object of the invention to provide a possibility for energy-efficient oxygen generation in biomass gasification for increasing the efficiency of the overall process. According to the invention, the disadvantages of the prior art are remedied in that a membrane module is heated directly by the synthesis gas from the biomass gasification. However, this heating should only meet less than 20%, typically less than 10% and, under optimal conditions, only approximately 5% of the heat requirement of the membrane module. The predominant portion of the heat required to heat the fresh air is taken from the exhaust air of the membrane module through heat exchange. | 02-11-2016 |
| 20160097012 | Energy efficient natural gas additive and its applications - An energy efficient natural gas additive is provided with 10-80 wt % C | 04-07-2016 |
