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| 20080319514 | Techniques for Sensing and Adjusting a Compliance Voltage in an Implantable Stimulator Device - Disclosed herein are methods and circuitry for monitoring and adjusting a compliance voltage in an implantable stimulator devices to an optimal value that is sufficiently high to allow for proper circuit performance (i.e., sufficient current output), but low enough that power is not needlessly wasted via excessive voltage drops across the current output circuitry. The algorithm measures output voltages across the current source and sink circuitry during at least periods of actual stimulation when both the current sources and sinks are operable, and adjusts the compliance voltage so as to reduce these output voltages to within guard band values preferably indicative for operation in transistor saturation. The output voltages can additionally be monitored during periods between stimulation pulses to improve the accuracy of the measurement, and is further beneficial in that such additional measurements are not perceptible to the patient. | 12-25-2008 |
| 20090204174 | Low Power Loss Current Digital-to-Analog Converter Used in an Implantable Pulse Generator - In one embodiment, the present invention provides an implantable stimulation device that includes output current sources and/or sinks configured to provide an output current for a load (i.e., tissue). The output path of the output current source or sink comprises a transistor which operates in a linear mode instead of a saturation mode. Because operation in a linear mode results in smaller drain-to-source voltage drops, power consumption in the output current source or sink (and hence in the implantable stimulator) is reduced, reducing battery or other power source requirements. Operation in the linear mode is facilitated in useful embodiments by a load in an input path (into which a reference current is sent) and a load in the output path (which bears the output current). The loads can be active transistors or passive resistors. A feedback circuit (e.g., an operational amplifier) receives voltages that build up across these loads, and sends a control signal to the gate of the transistor to ensure its linear operation. | 08-13-2009 |
| 20110118797 | Multi-Electrode Implantable Stimulator Device with a Single Current Path Decoupling Capacitor - Disclosed herein are circuits and methods for a multi-electrode implantable stimulator device incorporating one decoupling capacitor in the current path established via at least one cathode electrode and at least one anode electrode. In one embodiment, the decoupling capacitor may be hard-wired to a dedicated anode on the device. The cathodes are selectively activatable via stimulation switches. In another embodiment, any of the electrodes on the devices can be selectively activatable as an anode or cathode. In this embodiment, the decoupling capacitor is placed into the current path via selectable anode and cathode stimulation switches. Regardless of the implementation, the techniques allow for the benefits of capacitive decoupling without the need to associate decoupling capacitors with every electrode on the multi-electrode device, which saves space in the body of the device. Although of particular benefit when applied to microstimulators, the disclosed technique can be used with space-saving benefits in any stimulator device. | 05-19-2011 |
| 20110208269 | Battery Protection and Zero-Volt Battery Recovery System for an Implantable Medical Device - Circuitry useable to protect and reliably charge a rechargeable battery, even from a zero-volt state, is disclosed, and is particularly useful when employed in an implantable medical device. The circuit includes two charging paths, a first path for trickle charging the battery at a relatively low current when the battery voltage is below a threshold, and a second path for charging the battery at relatively higher currents that the battery voltage is above a certain threshold. A passive diode is used in the first trickle-charging path which allows trickle charging even when the battery voltage is too low for reliable gating, while a gateable switch (preferably a PMOS transistor) is used in the second higher-current charging path when the voltage is higher and the switch can therefore be gated more reliably. A second diode between the two paths ensures no leakage to the substrate through the gateable switch during trickle charging. The load couples to the battery through the switch, and preferably through a second switch specifically used for decoupling the load. | 08-25-2011 |
| 20120197354 | Techniques for Sensing and Adjusting a Compliance Voltage in an Implantable Stimulator Device - Disclosed herein are methods and circuitry for monitoring and adjusting a compliance voltage in an implantable stimulator devices to an optimal value that is sufficiently high to allow for proper circuit performance (i.e., sufficient current output), but low enough that power is not needlessly wasted via excessive voltage drops across the current output circuitry. The algorithm measures output voltages across the current source and sink circuitry during at least periods of actual stimulation when both the current sources and sinks are operable, and adjusts the compliance voltage so as to reduce these output voltages to within guard band values preferably indicative for operation in transistor saturation. The output voltages can additionally be monitored during periods between stimulation pulses to improve the accuracy of the measurement, and is further beneficial in that such additional measurements are not perceptible to the patient. | 08-02-2012 |
| 20130023943 | Battery Management for an Implantable Medical Device - Battery management circuitry for an implantable medical device such as an implantable neurostimulator is described. The circuitry has a T-shape with respect to the battery terminal, with charging circuitry coupled between rectifier circuitry and the battery terminal on one side of the T, and load isolation circuitry coupled between the load and the battery terminal on the other side. The load isolation circuitry can comprise two switches wired in parallel. An undervoltage fault condition opens both switches to isolate the battery terminal from the load to prevent further dissipation of the battery. Other fault conditions will open only one the switches leaving the other closed to allow for reduced power to the load to continue implant operations albeit at safer low-power levels. The battery management circuitry can be fixed in a particular location on an integrated circuit which also includes for example the stimulation circuitry for the electrodes. | 01-24-2013 |
| 20130131742 | Multi-Electrode Implantable Stimulator Device with a Single Current Path Decoupling Capacitor - Disclosed herein are circuits and methods for a multi-electrode implantable stimulator device incorporating one decoupling capacitor in the current path established via at least one cathode electrode and at least one anode electrode. In one embodiment, the decoupling capacitor may be hard-wired to a dedicated anode on the device. The cathodes are selectively activatable via stimulation switches. In another embodiment, any of the electrodes on the devices can be selectively activatable as an anode or cathode. In this embodiment, the decoupling capacitor is placed into the current path via selectable anode and cathode stimulation switches. Regardless of the implementation, the techniques allow for the benefits of capacitive decoupling without the need to associate decoupling capacitors with every electrode on the multi-electrode device, which saves space in the body of the device. Although of particular benefit when applied to microstimulators, the disclosed technique can be used with space-saving benefits in any stimulator device. | 05-23-2013 |
| 20140018883 | Techniques for Sensing and Adjusting a Compliance Voltage in an Implantable Stimulator Device - Disclosed herein are methods and circuitry for monitoring and adjusting a compliance voltage in an implantable stimulator devices to an optimal value that is sufficiently high to allow for proper circuit performance (i.e., sufficient current output), but low enough that power is not needlessly wasted via excessive voltage drops across the current output circuitry. The algorithm measures output voltages across the current source and sink circuitry during at least periods of actual stimulation when both the current sources and sinks are operable, and adjusts the compliance voltage so as to reduce these output voltages to within guard band values preferably indicative for operation in transistor saturation. The output voltages can additionally be monitored during periods between stimulation pulses to improve the accuracy of the measurement, and is further beneficial in that such additional measurements are not perceptible to the patient. | 01-16-2014 |
| 20140100643 | Current Output Architecture for an Implantable Stimulator Device - Disclosed herein are current output architectures for implantable stimulator devices. Current source and sink circuitry is divided into a plurality of stages, each of which is capable via an associated switch bank of sourcing or sinking an amount of current to or from any one of the electrodes of the device. The current source circuitry is distinct from the current sink circuitry, and the two share no common circuit nodes prior to connection to the electrodes. In other words, the current source circuitry and the current sink circuitry do not share a common node other than the electrodes. Each stage is preferably formed of a current mirror for receiving a reference current and outputting a scaled version of current to that stage's switch bank. The scalar at each stage can be set by wiring a desired number of output transistors in parallel. | 04-10-2014 |
| 20140249603 | Battery Charger Circuit for Battery Powered Implantable Neurostimulation Systems - An implantable device includes a stimulation electronic circuit, a battery, a receiver configured to receive energy from a source external to the implantable stimulation device, and a battery charger circuit configured to use the energy to charge the battery and power the stimulation electronic circuit, the battery charger circuit including a load switch for connecting/disconnecting the battery, the load switch being controlled by the stimulation electronic circuit. | 09-04-2014 |
| 20140277270 | Low Power Loss Current Digital-to-Analog Converter Used in an Implantable Pulse Generator - An implantable stimulation device that includes output current sources and/or sinks configured to provide an output current for a load (i.e., tissue). The output path of the output current source or sink comprises a transistor which operates in a linear mode instead of a saturation mode. Because operation in a linear mode results in smaller drain-to-source voltage drops, power consumption in the output current source or sink (and hence in the implantable stimulator) is reduced, reducing battery or other power source requirements. Operation in the linear mode is facilitated by a load in an input path and a load in the output path (which bears the output current). The loads can be active transistors or passive resistors. A feedback circuit (e.g., an operational amplifier) receives voltages that build up across these loads, and sends a control signal to the gate of the transistor to ensure its linear operation. | 09-18-2014 |
| 20140324131 | Techniques for Sensing and Adjusting a Compliance Voltage in an Implantable Stimulator Device - Disclosed herein are methods and circuitry for monitoring and adjusting a compliance voltage in an implantable stimulator devices to an optimal value that is sufficiently high to allow for proper circuit performance (i.e., sufficient current output), but low enough that power is not needlessly wasted via excessive voltage drops across the current output circuitry. The algorithm measures output voltages across the current source and sink circuitry during at least periods of actual stimulation when both the current sources and sinks are operable, and adjusts the compliance voltage so as to reduce these output voltages to within guard band values preferably indicative for operation in transistor saturation. The output voltages can additionally be monitored during periods between stimulation pulses to improve the accuracy of the measurement, and is further beneficial in that such additional measurements are not perceptible to the patient. | 10-30-2014 |
| 20150258340 | Multi-Electrode Implantable Stimulator Device with a Single Current Path Decoupling Capacitor - Disclosed herein are circuits and methods for a multi-electrode implantable stimulator device incorporating one decoupling capacitor in the current path established via at least one cathode electrode and at least one anode electrode. In one embodiment, the decoupling capacitor may be hard-wired to a dedicated anode on the device. The cathodes are selectively activatable via stimulation switches. In another embodiment, any of the electrodes on the devices can be selectively activatable as an anode or cathode. In this embodiment, the decoupling capacitor is placed into the current path via selectable anode and cathode stimulation switches. Regardless of the implementation, the techniques allow for the benefits of capacitive decoupling without the need to associate decoupling capacitors with every electrode on the multi-electrode device, which saves space in the body of the device. Although of particular benefit when applied to microstimulators, the disclosed technique can be used with space-saving benefits in any stimulator device. | 09-17-2015 |
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| 20120011231 | METHOD, APPARATUS, AND SYSTEM FOR CONTROLLING EXECUTION OF AN AUTOMATIC PROCESS - The present invention discloses a method for controlling execution of an automatic process. The method includes: receiving a resume command that carries stoppoint information; determining whether the stoppoint information carried in the resume command is the same as information about a current stoppoint of a current automatic process; and resuming the current automatic process from the current stoppoint when the stoppoint information carried in the resume command is the same as the information about the current stoppoint. The present invention also discloses another method for controlling execution of an automatic process, a system, a management apparatus, an automatic apparatus, a computer program product, and a computer readable storage medium, ensuring that the automatic process is executed in accordance with user expectations. | 01-12-2012 |
| 20120278456 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DATA CONFIGURATION - Embodiments of the present invention provide a method and an apparatus for data configuration. The data configuration method includes: before a network element accesses a network, invoking, by a management unit, a first interface between the management unit and a managed unit to request the managed unit to download configuration data of the network element from a position designated by the management unit; and invoking, by the management unit, a second interface between the management unit and the managed unit to request the managed unit to generate a full configuration data file of the network element according to the configuration data. Through the method and the apparatus for data configuration provided in the embodiments of the present invention, automatic download of the configuration data of the network element may be implemented, and human cost of deployment is reduced. | 11-01-2012 |
| 20130007275 | Managed Unit Device, Self-Optimization Method and System - A managed unit executes a self-optimization according to a self-optimization trigger rule. The self-optimization trigger rule relates to a self-optimization capability supported by the managed unit. The self-optimization capability supported by the managed unit includes any one of or any combination of a self-optimization type, a self-optimization trigger condition, a self-optimization objective, and a self-optimization monitoring cycle. | 01-03-2013 |
| 20130339522 | Managed Unit Device, Self-Optimization Method and System - A managed unit executes a self-optimization according to a self-optimization trigger rule. The self-optimization trigger rule relates to a self-optimization capability supported by the managed unit. The self-optimization capability supported by the managed unit includes any one of or any combination of a self-optimization type, a self-optimization trigger condition, a self-optimization objective, and a self-optimization monitoring cycle. | 12-19-2013 |
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| 20090036577 | METHOD OF STABILIZING AQUEOUS CATIONIC POLYMERS - Cationic thermosetting resins and especially resins having azetidinium functional groups, such as polyamidoamine-epichlorohydrin resins, are stabilized against premature gelation by the addition of (1) a low molecular weight, non-aldehyde, non-ionic, water soluble organic stabilizing compound (preferably one that is reactive with the cationic moiety), preferably in combination with (2) a water soluble, inorganic complexing metal salt. | 02-05-2009 |
| 20090165978 | BLENDS OF GLYOXALATED POLYACRYLAMIDES AND PAPER STRENGTHENING AGENTS - Compositions comprising a blend of two or more paper strengthening agents have improved stability compared with previously known paper strengthening agents. One component is a polymeric paper strengthening agent, preferably a wet strengthening agent. The other component is a stabilized polyacrylamide prepared by (1) reacting a first portion of glyoxal with a polyacrylamide having pendant amide groups to form a first reaction mixture comprising polyacrylamide; (2) adding an acid to the first reaction mixture to form a second reaction mixture having a reduced pH and comprising the polyacrylamide; and (3) adding a second portion of glyoxal to the second reaction mixture to form the stabilized polyacrylamide. If desired, an aldehyde scavenger can be included in one or more of step (1), step (2), step (3), or the stabilized polyacrylamide. Such compositions can be used to enhance the strength of paper, particularly the wet strength of paper. | 07-02-2009 |
| 20120080157 | DEGRADING AGENT COMPOSITIONS FOR TEMPORARY WET STRENGTH SYSTEMS IN TISSUE PRODUCTS - A degrading agent composition for use in manufacturing a tissue product generally includes a degrading agent, a degradation inhibiting carrier, and a non-ionic surfactant. The non-ionic surfactant stabilizes the viscosity of the composition as a function of time. The degrading agent composition can be used in combination with a temporary wet strength agent to produce a tissue product exhibiting high initial wet tensile strength and desirable decay properties. Processes for forming the tissue product and pumpable fluids containing the degrading agent composition are also disclosed. | 04-05-2012 |
| 20120271008 | POLYAMIDOAMINE-EPIHALOHYDRIN RESINS, METHOD OF MANUFACTURE, AND USES THEREOF - A novel process for producing a polyamidoamine-epihalohydrin resin composition comprises (a) reacting a polyamidoamine with epihalohydrin to obtain a reaction mixture comprising a polyamidoamine-epihalohydrin resin; (b) adding a first acid to the reaction mixture obtained in step (a) to obtain an acid treatment composition; (c) adding a base to the acid treatment composition in step (b) to obtain a base treatment composition; and (d) adding a second acid to the base treatment composition in step (c) to obtain a polyamidoamine-epihalohydrin resin composition; wherein the polyamidoamine-epihalohydrin resin composition obtained in step (d) has less than about 700 ppm of dihalopropanol (DHP) and 3-halopropanediol (HPD). | 10-25-2012 |
| 20130081771 | PAPER AND METHODS OF MAKING PAPER - Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure include paper, methods of making paper, and the like. | 04-04-2013 |
| 20140158316 | COMPOSITIONS USED IN PAPER AND METHODS OF MAKING PAPER - Compositions that can be used in a paper material, which may include an anionic polymer, a polyamidoamine epihalohydrin resin, and a stabilizer, are disclosed. Methods for adding the compositions to a paper material are also disclosed. | 06-12-2014 |
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| 20110118462 | N-HETEROCYCLIC SUBSTITUENT-CONTAINING ANTIBIOTIC, PREPARATION AND USE THEREOF - The invention relates to N-heterocyclic substituent-containing antibiotics, their preparation, and their use. Disclosed are sodium and potassium salts of 7-(α-((N,N′-diisopropylamidino)thio)acetylamino)-3-(((1,2,5,6-tetrahydro-2-methyl-5,6-dioxo-1,2,4-triazin-3-yl)thio)methyl) cephalosporanic acid as presented by the general structure (I), their preparation, and their use. The antibiotics of the invention can be used to treat diseases caused by Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria such as septicaemia, gastrointestinal tract infection, and urinary tract infection. They have increased half-life in blood and lowered toxicity. They can reduce the frequency of drug use and lower medical treatment costs. They have improved stability and can be stored at ambient temperatures. The method of the invention is simple, and it produces high purity products which can meet the requirements of clinical use. | 05-19-2011 |
| 20140128359 | N-Heterocyclic Substituent-Containing Antibiotic, Preparation and Use Thereof - The invention relates to N-heterocyclic substituent-containing antibiotics, their preparation, and their use. Disclosed are sodium and potassium salts of 7-(α-((N,N′-diisopropylamidino)thio)acetylamino)-3-(((1,2,5,6-tetrahydro-2-methyl-5,6-diox o-1,2,4-triazin-3-yl)thio)methyl) cephalosporanic acid as presented by the general structure (I), their preparation, and their use. The antibiotics of the invention can be used to treat diseases caused by Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria such as septicaemia, gastrointestinal tract infection, and urinary tract infection. They have increased half-life in blood and lowered toxicity. They can reduce the frequency of drug use and lower medical treatment costs. They have improved stability and can be stored at ambient temperatures. The method of the invention is simple, and it produces high purity products which can meet the requirements of clinical use. | 05-08-2014 |
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| 20140320421 | VIRTUAL TOUCHPAD WITH TWO-MODE BUTTONS FOR REMOTE DESKTOP CLIENT - Left- and right-click buttons of a virtual touchpad each have two modes, a “click” mode and an “on/off” mode. In “click” mode, touching a finger to the left- or right-click button triggers a mouse button down event while releasing a finger from the button triggers a mouse button up event. In “on/off” mode, the left- and right-click buttons each have two states, “on” and “off.” If the current state of the left- or right-click button is “off,” then touching the button triggers the mouse button down event, while releasing the button changes the state of the button to “on” but does not trigger any mouse events. Conversely, if the current state of the left- or right-click button is “on,” then touching the button does not trigger any mouse events, but releasing the button thereafter changes the state of the button to “off” and triggers the mouse button up event. | 10-30-2014 |
| 20150215624 | ENHANCED IMAGE ENCODING IN A VIRTUAL DESKTOP INFRASTRUCTURE ENVIRONMENT - A method is provided to perform enhanced image encoding in a virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI) environment that includes a client device having a first graphical user interface (GUI) and a server device having a second GUI associated with the first GUI. One example method may include receiving, from the client device, user interface (UI) events based on which the first GUI is to be updated, and obtaining, by an agent on the server device, UI information relating to a UI element on the second GUI. The method may further include determining, by the agent on the server device, an encoding configuration for an encoder based at least in part on the UI information, encoding image data of the second GUI based on the encoding configuration, and sending encoded image data to the client device to update the first GUI on a screen of the client device. | 07-30-2015 |
| 20150302621 | CONCEALING SENSITIVE INFORMATION ON A DISPLAY - An example method is provided for a computing device, coupled to a first display and a second display, to conceal sensitive information on a display. The method may comprise in response to detecting sensitive information in a desktop shown on the first display, generating a replacement image that conceals the detected sensitive information in the desktop and sending the replacement image to the second display for display. Otherwise, a mirror image of the desktop shown on the first display may be sent to the second display for display. | 10-22-2015 |
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| 20130088302 | VOLTAGE-CONTROLLED OSCILLATOR DEVICE AND METHOD OF CORRECTING VOLTAGE-CONTROLLED OSCILLATOR - The present application discloses a voltage-controlled oscillator device and a method of correcting the voltage-controlled oscillator. The voltage-controlled oscillator device comprises predistortion module, configured to predistort an input voltage to obtain a predistorted voltage; and a voltage-controlled oscillator, configured to generate an output signal with a corresponding oscillation frequency according to the predistorted voltage, wherein the predistortion module corrects a non-linear characteristic of the voltage-controlled oscillator, so that there is a linear relationship between the input voltage and the oscillation frequency of the output signal. The voltage-controlled oscillator device may be applied to a phase-locked circuit in a communication system. | 04-11-2013 |
| 20130125080 | CIRCUIT OPTIMIZATION METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ANALOG CIRCUIT MIGRATION - A circuit optimization apparatus and a circuit optimization method used in analog circuit migration which migrates a source circuit to a target circuit are disclosed. The circuit optimization method comprises: dividing the source circuit into at least one direct current path; determining an adaptation sequence of the at least one direct current path; and optimizing the at least one direct current path in the target circuit one by one in the adaptation sequence. The circuit optimization apparatus and the circuit optimization method improve an optimization efficiency of the analog circuit migration. | 05-16-2013 |
| 20140236563 | INTEGRATED CIRCUIT SIMULATION METHOD AND SYSTEM - Provided is an integrated circuit simulation method. The simulation time points of the entire circuit are divided into a plurality of independent simulation time windows, and according to a logic simulation result, the simulation initial data of the simulation window starting point of each simulation time window is determined, and as an overlapping time region is present at the head-tail connection between adjacent simulation time windows, the circuit simulation calculation of the current simulation time window can be ended at the overlapping time region, so as to implement independent parallel simulation calculation for each simulation time window. Therefore, the time required for the simulation of the entire circuit is approximately the maximum value of the circuit simulation time required for each simulation time window, thereby greatly increasing the efficiency of circuit simulation and effectively shortening the design period of the integrated circuit. | 08-21-2014 |
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| 20090170740 | CLEANING SOLUTION FOR AN AUTOMATIC BIOCHEMICAL ANALYZER - A cleaning solution for automatic biochemical analyzers includes: at least one anionic surfactant, at least one nonionic surfactant, an alkali metal hydroxide, an alkali metal citrate, and a buffering agent stabilizing the pH value above 13.0. In some embodiments, the cleaning solution provides low residual rate of proteins, low residual rate of lipids, desirable within-batch repeatability in clinical testing, low level of cross-contamination, and low level of reactant deposit after cleaning, without affecting test results of the biochemical analyzer. In some embodiments, the cleaning solution has no corrosive effects on the liquid path and reaction cup of the analyzer. The ingredients of the cleaning solution may also be biodegradable. | 07-02-2009 |
| 20110159565 | REAGENTS AND PROCESSES FOR STABILIZING ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE OR CONJUGATES THEREOF - The present disclosure relates to stabilizers for alkaline phosphatase or conjugates thereof, a process for preparing a stabilizer, and a method for stabilizing alkaline phosphatase or conjugates thereof with a stabilizer. The present disclosure also relates to a reagent of alkaline phosphatase or conjugates thereof as well as to a process for preparing the same. In another aspect, the present disclosure relates to a kit comprising the stabilizers disclosed herein and alkaline phosphatase or conjugates thereof. The stabilizer disclosed herein can stabilize alkaline phosphatase or conjugates thereof for a prolonged period of time, extending their shelf-life. | 06-30-2011 |
| 20110224116 | METHODS FOR CLEANING AN AUTOMATIC BIOCHEMICAL ANALYZER - A method of cleaning an automatic biochemical analyzer, wherein the cleaning solution includes: at least one anionic surfactant, at least one nonionic surfactant, an alkali metal hydroxide, an alkali metal citrate, and a buffering agent stabilizing the pH value above 13.0. In some embodiments, the cleaning solution provides low residual rate of proteins, low residual rate of lipids, desirable within-batch repeatability in clinical testing, low level of cross-contamination, and low level of reactant deposit after cleaning, without affecting test results of the biochemical analyzer. In some embodiments, the cleaning solution has no corrosive effects on the liquid path and reaction cup of the analyzer. The ingredients of the cleaning solution may also be biodegradable. | 09-15-2011 |
| 20140285115 | MULTI-CHANNEL DRIVER AND ILLUMINATING DEVICE - A multi-channel driver for driving an illuminating unit includes: a plurality of output channels for coupling with the illuminating unit; a power supply unit for supplying a driving current; a current distributing unit, which includes at least one current distributing circuit, wherein the at least one current distributing circuit includes two output channels respectively, and distributes the driving current provided by the power supply unit to the two output channels; a current detecting unit for detecting the output current output by the output channels, wherein the unit is configured with at least one current detecting circuit for the two output channels, and a control unit, wherein the control unit regulates the driving current according to the output current detected by the at least one current detecting circuit of the current detecting unit, to maintain constant output current in the output channels. | 09-25-2014 |
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| 20110300601 | PROCESSES FOR SYNTHESIZING ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE CONJUGATES - Methods for synthesizing an ALP conjugate are provided. The methods may include activating a carboxyl group of the ALP with a carbodiimide, to generate an active ester; and adding the substance to be conjugated such that a synthetic reaction occurs between the active ester and the substance to be conjugated, to generate an ALP conjugate. | 12-08-2011 |
| 20110300602 | CONJUGATE PREPARATION METHODS AND RELATED KIT - Methods for preparing conjugates including enzyme conjugates and especially alkaline phosphatase (ALP) conjugates, and a kit are provided. The methods include: blocking an amino group on a molecule surface of a first substance to be conjugated containing an amino group and a carboxyl group (for example, an enzyme) with a carboxyl compound; adding a carbodiimide to activate the first substance to be conjugated with the amino group blocked; inactivating or removing the carbodiimide; and adding a second substance containing an amino group (for example, a substance to be labeled). Conjugates (for example, enzyme conjugates) are obtained. | 12-08-2011 |
| 20120003753 | CHEMILUMINESCENT COMPOSITIONS, ENHANCING REAGENTS FOR CHEMILUMINESCENCE AND METHODS FOR THE PREPARATION AND USE THEREOF - A enhancing reagent for enhancing chemiluminescence of 1,2-dioxetane compounds and a method for using the enhancing reagent to enhance chemiluminescence are provided, in which the enhancing reagent contains a multi-alkyl quaternary ammonium salt of Formula I. A chemiluminescent composition with a 1,2-dioxetane compound as a substrate and a kit thereof are further provided, which contain a 1,2-dioxetane compound and a multi-alkyl quaternary ammonium salt of Formula I. | 01-05-2012 |
| 20120015446 | Chemiluminescent Compositions, Enhancing Reagents for Chemiluminescence and Methods for the Preparation and Use Thereof - A enhancing reagent for enhancing chemiluminescence of 1,2-dioxetane compounds and a method for using the enhancing reagent to enhance the chemiluminescence are provided, in which the enhancing reagent contains an alkyl bis-quaternary ammonium salt of Formula I. A chemiluminescent composition with a 1,2-dioxetane compound as a substrate and a kit thereof are further provided, which contain a 1,2-dioxetane compound and an alkyl bis-quaternary ammonium salt of Formula I. | 01-19-2012 |
| 20140103272 | CHEMILUMINESCENT COMPOSITIONS AND ENHANCING REAGENTS FOR CHEMILUMINESCENCE - An enhancing reagent for enhancing chemiluminescence of 1,2-dioxetane compounds and a method for using the enhancing reagent to enhance the chemiluminescence are provided, in which the enhancing reagent contains an alkyl bis-quaternary ammonium salt of Formula I. A chemiluminescent composition with a 1,2-dioxetane compound as a substrate and a kit thereof are further provided, which contain a 1,2-dioxetane compound and an alkyl bis-quaternary ammonium salt of Formula I. | 04-17-2014 |
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| 20100080327 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROL - A method for automatic gain control used in a receiver of a multi-carrier telecommunication system, the method comprising: receiving an input signal digitalized by an A/D converter; determining distribution of the input signal; and controlling gain of a variable gain amplifier as a function of the determined distribution. | 04-01-2010 |
| 20110078533 | SERIAL CONCATENATION OF TRELLISCODED MODULATION AND AN INNER NON-BINARY LDPC CODE - A concatenated coded modulation communication system and method combines Trellis Coded Modulation with non-Gray code constellation mapping, interleaving, and non-binary Low Density Parity Check coded channel modulation with Gray code constellation mapping to improve error performance. | 03-31-2011 |
| 20120134423 | DATA TRANSMISSION USING LOW DENSITY PARITY CHECK CODING AND CONSTELLATION MAPPING - Modern coding and modulation techniques have greatly improved the transmission of signals. A method is described including receiving a stream of data bits, demultiplexing the stream into a first and second substream, encoding the first and second substream using a low density parity check coding process, and mapping the first substream to a first region of a symbol constellation map and the second substream to a second region. Also, an apparatus is described including a demultiplexer that produces a first and second bitstream, a first encoder that encodes the first substream using a low density parity check coding process at a first encoding rate, a second encoder that encodes the second substream at a second rate, and a symbol mapper that maps bits from the first substream to a first region of a symbol constellation map and maps bits from the second substream to a second region. | 05-31-2012 |
| 20120134446 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR RECEIVING DATA - Modem coding and modulation techniques have greatly improved the transmission and reception of signals. A method is described including receiving a signal de-mapping the signal into a first and second substream, decoding the first and second substream using a low density parity check decoding process, and combining the first and second decoded substream into a single data stream. An apparatus is described including a symbol de-mapper that receives a signal de-maps the modulation symbols in the signal into a first and second substream, a first decoder that decodes the first substream using a low density parity check coding process at a first decoding rate, a second decoder that decodes the second substream at a second encoding rate, and a combiner that combines the first substream and the second substream into a single data stream. | 05-31-2012 |
