Venkataramani, US
Arun Venkataramani US
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20090122697 | INFORMATION PLANE FOR DETERMINING PERFORMANCE METRICS OF PATHS BETWEEN ARBITRARY END-HOSTS ON THE INTERNET - Performance metrics between any two arbitrary end-hosts are predicted based upon previous measurements on the Internet between a plurality of geographically dispersed vantage points and clusters of end-hosts. Each cluster comprises end-hosts that are related based upon their IP address prefixes. In response to a central agent that stores the measured data for each of a plurality of predicted paths on the Internet, the vantage points use traceroute software to measure and periodically update performance metrics such as latency, bottleneck capacity, bandwidth, and packet loss rate for links comprising the predicted paths between the vantage points and one (or more) destination points associated with each cluster, and gather such data using distributed application systems. A user or client application can subsequently request predicted performance metrics for communication between specific end-hosts, based upon the previous measurement data. | 05-14-2009 |
Arunkumar Venkataramani, Austin, TX US
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20080313328 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR BACKGROUND REPLICATION OF DATA OBJECTS - In an embodiment, a system and method may manage network resources to provide a near zero-cost background replication of data. Such a system may be inhibited from causing interference with foreground data flows. Such a system may also utilize a large fraction of spare network bandwidth. A system configured to implement such a method may include one or more servers and at least one client in communication via a to network. Additionally the system may include a hint server, a monitor and/or a front-end application between a demand server and the network. | 12-18-2008 |
Gayathri Venkataramani, Masfield, OH US
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20110114239 | HEAVY DUTY TIRE - A pneumatic tire construction is described suitable for severe loading conditions. The tire includes a bead portion further having an apex which extends radially outward of the bead core, and a first turnup pad located adjacent said chafer, and a second turnup pad located adjacent said first turnup pad, wherein the first turnup pad has a G′ less than the G′ of the second turnup pad. Alternatively, the first turnup pad may be located adjacent to the rim flange and the second turnup pad may be located axially inward of the first pad. The second turnup pad is preferably thicker and longer than the first turnup pad. | 05-19-2011 |
Gayathri Venkataramani, Columbus, OH US
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20150343853 | Heavy duty tire - A pneumatic tire construction is described suitable for severe loading conditions. The tire includes a bead portion further having an apex which extends radially outward of the bead core, and a first turn-up pad located adjacent said chafer, and a second turn-up pad located adjacent said first turn-up pad, wherein the first turn-up pad has a G′ less than the G′ of the second turn-up pad. Alternatively, the first turn-up pad may be located adjacent to the rim flange and the second turn-up pad may be located axially inward of the first pad. The second turn-up pad is preferably thicker and longer than the first turn-up pad. | 12-03-2015 |
Gayathri Venkataramani, Copley, OH US
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20120067493 | HEAVY DUTY TIRE - A pneumatic tire construction is described suitable for severe loading conditions. The tire includes a bead portion further having an apex which extends radially outward of the bead core, and a first turn-up pad located adjacent said chafer, and a second turn-up pad located adjacent said first turn-up pad, wherein the first turn-up pad has a G′ less than the G′ of the second turn-up pad. Alternatively, the first turn-up pad may be located adjacent to the rim flange and the second turn-up pad may be located axially inward of the first pad. The second turn-up pad is preferably thicker and longer than the first turn-up pad. | 03-22-2012 |
20120067494 | HEAVY DUTY TIRE - A pneumatic tire construction is described suitable for severe loading conditions. The tire includes a bead portion further having an apex which extends radially outward of the bead core, and a turn-up pad located adjacent said chafer. The turn-up pad has a minimum specified width and a maximum specified width at a Radius R as measured from the bead center. The turn-up pad is formed of a material having a specified G′ and G″. | 03-22-2012 |
Girish Venkataramani, Boston, MA US
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20140157218 | MODEL-BASED RETIMING WITH FUNCTIONAL EQUIVALENCE CONSTRAINTS - A system and method tests for functional equivalence prior to automatically retiming a high-level specification. An Intermediate Representation (IR) includes one or more graphs or trees based on the high-level specification. A functional equivalence (FE) analyzer determines whether one or more components in the graph meet certain value and state conditions and thus is a candidate for retiming. A bounded scheduler then retimes only those components that pass the FE analysis. | 06-05-2014 |
20150178418 | MODEL-BASED RETIMING WITH FUNCTIONAL EQUIVALENCE CONSTRAINTS - A system and method tests for functional equivalence prior to automatically retiming a high-level specification. An Intermediate Representation (IR) includes one or more graphs or trees based on the high-level specification. A functional equivalence (FE) analyzer determines whether one or more components in the graph meet certain value and state conditions and thus is a candidate for retiming. A scheduler can use components that fail FE as a retiming boundary. | 06-25-2015 |
Harish Venkataramani, Belmont, CA US
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20120124153 | Method, System, Graphical User Interface, and Data Structure for Creating Electronic Calendar Entries from Email Messages - A method, system, and data structure for creating electronic calendar entries are disclosed. One aspect of the invention involves a computer data structure that includes an email message with an embedded link. The embedded link contains event information corresponding to multiple parameters for an event described in the email message. The embedded link is configured, upon activation, to initiate generation of an electronic calendar entry form with multiple fields. A plurality of the multiple fields contain event information from the embedded link. | 05-17-2012 |
20120317219 | METHOD, SYSTEM, GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE, AND DATA STRUCTURE FOR CREATING ELECTRONIC CALENDAR ENTRIES FROM EMAIL MESSAGES - A method, system, and data structure for creating electronic calendar entries are disclosed. One aspect of the invention involves a computer data structure that includes an email message with an embedded link. The embedded link contains event information corresponding to multiple parameters for an event described in the email message. The embedded link is configured, upon activation, to initiate generation of an electronic calendar entry form with multiple fields. A plurality of the multiple fields contain event information from the embedded link. | 12-13-2012 |
20130254677 | Method, System, Graphical User Interface, and Data Structure for Creating Electronic Calendar Entries from Email Messages - A method, system, and data structure for creating electronic calendar entries are disclosed. One aspect of the invention involves a computer data structure that includes an email message with an embedded link. The embedded link contains event information corresponding to multiple parameters for an event described in the email message. The embedded link is configured, upon activation, to initiate generation of an electronic calendar entry form with multiple fields. A plurality of the multiple fields contain event information from the embedded link. | 09-26-2013 |
Karthik Venkataramani, Baltimore, MD US
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20140038156 | LEARNING SYSTEM AND METHOD THAT DISPLAYS ACTIVITY STREAMS BASED ON STUDENT CONTACTS - A learning management system and method delivers an instructional material to a student workstation after authenticating an student's entry into a learning session that is associated with a plurality of contacts. Stored electronic addresses in a database include a first electronic address that is associated with a first contact and a second electronic address that is associated with a second contact. The first contact is associated with the learning session and the second contact is not associated with the learning session. A first activity stream associated with the first contact and a second activity stream associated with the second contact is selectively displayed to the student such that upon detection of student's entry into the learning session, the first activity stream is displayed without displaying the second activity stream and the second activity stream is displayed upon detection of student's exit from the learning session either with displaying the first activity stream or without displaying the first activity stream. | 02-06-2014 |
20140038157 | LEARNING SYSTEM AND METHOD THAT PREVENTS COMMUNICATION OF UNAUTHORIZED CONTENT DURING A LEARNING SESSION - A learning management system and method displays a learning environment for delivery of instructional material to a remote student workstation student after authenticating a student at the remote student workstation. The learning environment displays a user interface to the student on the remote student workstation used to interact with an instructional material when the student enters into a learning session associated with a course when messages are communicated to and from the student. Communicated messages with the student are monitored to determine whether a message contains an unauthorized content and upon detection of an unauthorized content, an alert message is transmitted, for example, to an student associated with the course or to the student. | 02-06-2014 |
20140038158 | LEARNING SYSTEM AND METHOD THAT COMMUNICATES MESSAGES AMONGST GEOGRAPHICALLY DISPERSED STUDENTS BASED ON REGION PROFILES - A learning management system and method displays corresponding learning environments for delivery of instructional material to a plurality of geographically dispersed remote student workstations located in a plurality of regions after the learning system authenticates a corresponding plurality of students at the plurality of geographically dispersed remote student workstations. Each learning environment displays a user interface on a respective remote student workstation located in one region of the plurality of regions. At least one region profile stores information specifying a rule associated with communication of information between a first region and another second region. Messages are communicated amongst the geographically dispersed remote student workstations located in the plurality of regions in accordance with the region profile. | 02-06-2014 |
20140038162 | LEARNING SYSTEM AND METHOD THAT USES STUDENT-SELECTED AND MANDATORY CONTACTS FOR COMMUNICATING STUDENT MESSAGES - A learning management system and method that deliver instructional materials to a student stores electronic addresses for a plurality of contacts associated with the student. The student is associated with a set of student's contacts comprising at least one student-selected contact and at least one mandatory contact. A student-selected contact comprises a contact designated by the student to be in the set of student's contacts and a mandatory contact comprises a contact that is not designated by the student to be in the set of student's contacts. A user interface is provided that enables the student to select between communication of messages with the student-selected contact and the mandatory contact. | 02-06-2014 |
Kattalaicheri Srinivasan Venkataramani, West Chester, OH US
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20080229751 | Cooling system for gas turbine engine having improved core system - A gas turbine engine having a longitudinal centerline axis therethrough, including: a fan section at a forward end of the gas turbine engine including at least a first fan blade row connected to a first drive shaft; a booster compressor positioned downstream of and in at least partial flow communication with the fan section including a plurality of stages, each stage including a stationary compressor blade row and a rotating compressor blade row connected to a drive shaft and interdigitated with the stationary compressor blade row; a core system positioned downstream of the booster compressor, the core system further comprising a combustion system for producing pulses of gas having increased pressure and temperature from a fluid flow provided to an inlet thereof so as to produce a working fluid at an outlet; a low pressure turbine positioned downstream of and in flow communication with the core system, the low pressure turbine being utilized to power the first drive shaft; and, a system for cooling the combustion system, wherein fuel is utilized as a cooling fluid prior to being supplied to the combustion system. The core system may further include an intermediate compressor positioned downstream of and in flow communication with the compressor connected to a second drive shaft; and an intermediate turbine positioned downstream of the combustion system in flow communication with the working fluid. | 09-25-2008 |
20100236215 | HEAT TRANSFER SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR TURBINE ENGINE USING HEAT PIPES - A heat transfer system is provided for a turbine engine of the type including an annular casing with an array of generally radially-extending strut members disposed therein. The heat transfer system includes at least one primary heat pipe disposed at least partially inside a selected one of the strut members; at least one secondary heat pipe disposed outside the fan casing and thermally coupled to the at least one primary heat pipe and to a heat source. Heat from the heat source can be transferred through the secondary heat pipe to the primary heat pipe and to the selected strut member. | 09-23-2010 |
20100236217 | HEAT TRANSFER SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR TURBINE ENGINE USING HEAT PIPES - A heat transfer system is provided for a turbine engine of the type including an annular casing with an array of thermally conductive, generally radially-extending strut members disposed therein. The heat transfer system includes at least one arcuate heat pipe disposed in contact with an outer surface of the casing within fore-and-aft limits of the axial extent of the strut members. The heat pipe is thermally coupled to a heat source, such that heat from the heat source can be transferred through the heat pipe and the casing to the strut members. | 09-23-2010 |
Nirmala Venkataramani, Campbell, CA US
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20110301912 | PROVIDING LOCATION ESTIMATES BASED ON A LOCATION CLASSIFICATION CATEGORY - In an example embodiment, there is described herein an apparatus comprising an interface and logic operable receive data from a device via the interface. The logic is operable to estimate a location of the device based on data received via the interface based on a first (e.g. default) location classification. The logic is further operable to estimate a location of the device based on data received via the interface based on a second location classification responsive to a predefined trigger. | 12-08-2011 |
Nirmala Nott Venkataramani, Santa Clara, CA US
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20090067392 | FLOOR DETERMINATION FOR A WIRELESS DEVICE - An apparatus configured to acquire received signal strength intensities (RSSIs) for a wireless device from a plurality of access points (APs) located on a plurality floors. The apparatus is configured to determine which floor the wireless device is on by analyzing the RSSIs. In an example embodiment, the RSSIs are adjusted, and the adjusted RSSIs for each floor are summed. The floor with highest sum of adjusted RSSIs is determined to be the floor the wireless device is on. In an example embodiment, the floor that the wireless device is on is determined by calculating the probability that the wireless device is within the cell of each AP on the network, and combining the probabilities for each floor. Known RSSIs between APs can be employed for comparing measured RSSIs with the known RSSIs to determine the probability that the wireless device is within the cell of each AP. | 03-12-2009 |
Raman Venkataramani, Pittsburgh, PA US
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20100020429 | Converting Timing Errors Into Symbol Errors to Handle Write Mis-Synchronization in Bit-Patterned Media Recording Systems - A method includes: writing data to a bit-patterned media at times determined by a clock having a period that is offset from a bit island period by a fixed offset to create one insertion or one deletion approximately within a predetermined number of bit islands, reading the data, and correcting the read data using error correction. An apparatus that implements the method is also provided. | 01-28-2010 |
20100211830 | Multi-input multi-output read-channel architecture for recording systems - In a particular embodiment, a storage device includes a data storage medium and a read/write circuit coupled the data storage medium via a communication channel. The read/write circuit includes a formatter circuit to receive a read back signal related to data stored on the data storage medium and to produce an output vector related to the read back signal. The read/write circuit further includes a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) equalizer coupled to the formatter circuit and adapted to generate an equalized output vector related to the output vector. The read/write circuit also includes a MIMO detector coupled to the MIMO equalizer and adapted to generate hard bit decisions based on the equalized output vector. | 08-19-2010 |
Raman Chatapuram Venkataramani, Pittsburgh, PA US
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20090002865 | Zone Based Timing Recovery For Bit Patterned Media - A method includes: producing a bit detection signal in response to a plurality of islands located in a plurality of zones of a bit patterned media, processing the bit detection signal to produce a synchronization signal, wherein the processing is dependent on characteristics of the islands in the zone containing the plurality of islands, and using the synchronization signal to control timing of writing to the bit patterned media. The synchronization signal can also be used to control timing of reading from the bit patterned media. | 01-01-2009 |
20090231745 | PROGRAMMABLE SOFT-OUTPUT VITERBI ALGORITHM SYSTEM AND METHOD - In a particular embodiment, a channel detector is disclosed that includes a programmable look-up table (LUT) to relate user bits to channel bits. The programmable LUT is adapted to be implemented on a state trellis of arbitrary radix. The channel detector further includes a sectional precoder coupled to a channel and having access to the programmable LUT. The sectional precoder is adapted to map channel bits to user bits and vice versa using a programmable LUT. | 09-17-2009 |
20100027605 | OFF-TRACK AWARE EQUALIZER DESIGN FOR BIT-PATTERNED MEDIA - An equalizer employed in conjunction with bit-patterned media (BPM) is designed to take advantage of a common topology associated with BPM in which each data track is comprised of a plurality of sub-tracks. The equalizer-target filter pair is designed as multiple-input/multiple-output (MIMO) system, in which the readback signal is divided into readback signals associated with each sub-track. The MIMO equalizer takes into account differences in the channel response associated with each sub-track. A detector is configured to receive a plurality of equalized inputs provided by the MIMO equalizer, wherein the detector generates in response estimates of the user data stored on each of the plurality of sub-tracks. | 02-04-2010 |
Raman Chatapuram Venkataramani, Longmont, CO US
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20140016688 | EQUALIZER AND DETECTOR ARRANGEMENT EMPLOYING JOINT ENTROPY-BASED CALIBRATION - An equalizer configured to receive a data signal from a channel. The detector is coupled to the equalizer, and a calibration unit is coupled with the equalizer and the detector. The calibration unit is configured to jointly calibrate the equalizer and the detector using a metric subject to an entropy-preserving equalizer constraint. | 01-16-2014 |
Ramkumar Venkataramani, Sunnyvale, CA US
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20120084460 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DYNAMIC TRAFFIC STEERING - A method and system for dynamic traffic steering is described. In one embodiment, a method for dynamic traffic steering involves receiving a request for content at a steering component, comparing information in the request with steering criteria in the steering component, steering the request based on the comparing, and continuously updating the steering criteria based on requests that are subsequently received at the steering component. Other embodiments are also described. | 04-05-2012 |
Sathya Venkataramani, Germantown, MD US
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20140308291 | Immunogenic Composition Comprising Panton-Valentine Leukocidin (PVL) Derived Polypeptides - The present disclosure provides immunogenic compositions useful in prevention and treatment of | 10-16-2014 |
Shivshankar Venkataramani, Eagan, MN US
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20080224462 | Transparent tamper-indicating data sheet - A transparent tamper-indicating data sheet is provided wherein a transparent durable layer (a first major component), such as polyester or a multilayer optical film (MOF), is adhered to a fragile layer (a second major component), such as a holographic foil or a security laminate, such as Confirm™ Security Laminate, either the fragile sheet or film or the durable layer being printed with identification and/or verification information. The components of the transparent data sheet are laminated together with or without an adhesive layer between the two major components. The two major components have the same outside dimensions and are congruent. Evidence of tampering with the identification or verification information is easily viewed from either side of the transparent data sheet. | 09-18-2008 |
Sivasubramanian Venkataramani, Artesia, CA US
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20140280587 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR OPERATING USER RECEIVING DEVICES WITH USER PROFILES - A system and method for operating with profiles includes a head end associating a first account profile having first profile settings and a first identifier and a second account profile having second profile settings and a second identifier with a user account. A first user receiving device operates with the first profile settings. The head end communicates second profile settings to the first user receiving device and the first user receiving device operates with the second profile settings. | 09-18-2014 |
Venkateshwaran Venkataramani, Sunnyvale, CA US
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20090106278 | DIAGNOSABILITY SYSTEM - A diagnosability system for automatically collecting, storing, communicating, and analyzing diagnostic data for one or more monitored systems. The diagnosability system comprises several components configured for the collection, storage, communication, and analysis of diagnostic data for a condition detected in monitored system. The diagnosability system enables targeted dumping of diagnostic data so that only diagnostic data that is relevant for diagnosing the condition detected in the monitored system is collected and stored. This in turn enables first failure analysis thereby reducing the time needed to resolve the condition detected in the monitored system. | 04-23-2009 |
20090248621 | METHOD AND MECHANISM FOR OUT-OF-THE-BOX REAL-TIME SQL MONITORING - Methods, systems, and computer program products for monitoring database queries and executions is disclosed. The query syntax may conform to the structured query language (SQL). The approach supports various performance statistics to be monitored at each step of the query statement's execution plan and for each row processed in order to meet requirements of a near real-time query monitoring solution. Such statistics include timing information plus some miscellaneous statistics like the number of rows processed, the amount of memory used, the amount of data spilled to disk, etc. | 10-01-2009 |
20110295801 | FILTERING WORKLOAD FOR DATABASE REPLAY - A method and apparatus for capturing database system workload and replaying that workload in a database system is provided. According to one aspect, in order to subject a test database system to the same workload to which the production database system actually would be subjected, a database server in the production system captures and records workload that the database server receives from external entities. This captured workload is processed. Processes external to a database server in the test database system send the processed workload to that database server. As a result, the test database system is subjected to the same workload to which the production database system originally was subjected. The foregoing technique permits a database administrator to determine how the production database system will fare if the difference that is present in the test database system is introduced into the production database system. | 12-01-2011 |
20120173541 | Distributed Cache for Graph Data - A distributed caching system for storing and serving information modeled as a graph that includes nodes and edges that define associations or relationships between nodes that the edges connect in the graph. | 07-05-2012 |
20120173820 | Distributed Cache for Graph Data - A distributed caching system for storing and serving information modeled as a graph that includes nodes and edges that define associations or relationships between nodes that the edges connect in the graph. | 07-05-2012 |
20120173845 | Distributed Cache for Graph Data - A distributed caching system for storing and serving information modeled as a graph that includes nodes and edges that define associations or relationships between nodes that the edges connect in the graph. | 07-05-2012 |
20140074876 | Distribution Cache for Graph Data - In one embodiment, a system includes a database; and a cache layer comprising one or more cache nodes, the one or more cache nodes operative to: maintain in a memory one or more data structures storing association information describing associations between nodes in a graph a plurality of distributed cache clusters for storing information in the form of a graph, the graph comprising a plurality of nodes, each uniquely identified by a node identifier, and edge information indicating associations between nodes; respond to queries for associations between nodes in the graph by accessing the memory; and forward other queries to the database for processing. | 03-13-2014 |
20140330840 | Distributed Cache for Graph Data - In one embodiment, a system includes a database; and a cache layer comprising one or more cache nodes, the one or more cache nodes operative to: maintain in a memory one or more data structures storing association information describing associations between nodes in a graph a plurality of distributed cache clusters for storing information in the form of a graph, the graph comprising a plurality of nodes, each uniquely identified by a node identifier, and edge information indicating associations between nodes; respond to queries for associations between nodes in the graph by accessing the memory; and forward other queries to the database for processing. | 11-06-2014 |
20150106359 | Distributed Cache for Graph Data - In one embodiment, a system includes a database operative to maintain a social graph; and a cache layer comprising a plurality of data shards, the data shards being divided among a plurality of cache nodes of a cache layer, wherein each data shard is operative to: maintain at least a portion of the social graph; receive a request to store associations between a first graph node and a second graph node of the social graph, wherein the first and second graph nodes are identified by a first and second unique identifier, respectively, the first and second graph nodes each corresponding to a particular data shard of the plurality of data shards; and update, responsive to the request, the data shard corresponding to the first graph node and the data shard corresponding to the second graph node. | 04-16-2015 |
Venkat S. Venkataramani, Clifton Park, NY US
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20100159262 | DURABLE THERMAL BARRIER COATING COMPOSITIONS, COATED ARTICLES, AND COATING METHODS - A composition useful as a thermal barrier coating on a superalloy substrate intended for use in hostile thermal environments. The coating comprises zirconia stabilized in a predominately tetragonal phase. The composition includes a ceramic component consisting essentially of zirconia (ZrO2) or a combination of zirconia and hafnia (HfO2) and a stabilizer component comprising, in combination, a first co-stabilizer selected from YbO1.5, HoO1.5, ErO1.5, TmO1.5, LuO1.5, and combinations thereof, and optionally YO1.5, a second co-stabilizer selected from TiO2, PdO2, VO2, GeO2, and combinations thereof, and a third co-stabilizer comprising TaO2.5. The stabilizer component is present in an amount effective to achieve the predominantly tetragonal phase in the coating. | 06-24-2010 |
20100159270 | DURABLE THERMAL BARRIER COATING COMPOSITIONS, COATED ARTICLES, AND COATING METHODS - A composition useful as a thermal barrier coating on a superalloy substrate intended for use in hostile thermal environments. The coating comprises zirconia stabilized in a predominately tetragonal phase. The composition includes a ceramic component consisting essentially of zirconia (ZrO2) or a combination of zirconia and hafnia (HfO2) and a stabilizer component comprising, in combination, a first co-stabilizer selected from YbO1.5, HoO1.5, ErO1.5, TmO1.5, LuO1.5, and combinations thereof, and a second co-stabilizer selected from TiO2, PdO2, VO2, GeO2, and combinations thereof. Optionally, the stabilizer component includes Y2O3. The stabilizer component is present in an amount effective to achieve the predominantly tetragonal phase in the coating. | 06-24-2010 |
Venkat Subramaniam Venkataramani, Niskayuna, NY US
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20130126741 | Ce3+ ACTIVATED MIXED HALIDE ELPASOLITES AND HIGH ENERGY RESOLUTION SCINTILLATOR - A scintillator composition is described. The scintillator composition includes a matrix material and an activator. The matrix material includes at least one alkali metal or thallium; at least one alkali metal, different than the previously selected alkali metal; at least one lanthanides; and at least two halogens. The activator is cerium. Further, radiation detectors, which include the scintillator composition and methods for detecting high-energy radiation are also described and form part of this disclosure. | 05-23-2013 |
Venkat Subramanian Venkataramani, Clifton Park, NY US
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20100134286 | RADIO FREQUENCY BASED SENSORS EMPLOYING ANALYTE RECOGNITION ELEMENT - A radio frequency based sensor is provided. The sensor comprises a radio frequency identification tag having a substrate, where the radio frequency identification tag generates an associated electromagnetic field. The sensor further includes an analyte recognition element in operative association with the substrate, where the analyte recognition element is capable of binding to a target analyte, and a signal amplification entity coupled to the analyte recognition element, where the signal amplification entity facilitates change in electromagnetic field in presence of the target analyte. | 06-03-2010 |
20100291302 | ARTICLE PROTECTED BY A THERMAL BARRIER COATING HAVING A GROUP 2 OR 3/GROUP 5 STABILIZATION-COMPOSITION-ENRICHED SURFACE - A protected article is prepared by providing the article, depositing a bond coat onto an exposed surface of the article, and producing a thermal barrier coating on an exposed surface of the bond coat. The step of producing the thermal barrier coating includes the steps of depositing a primary ceramic coating onto an exposed surface of the bond coat, and depositing a stabilization composition onto an exposed surface of the primary ceramic coating. The stabilization composition includes a first element selected from Group 2 or Group 3 of the periodic table, and a second element selected from Group 5 of the periodic table. The atomic ratio of the amount of the first element to the amount of the second element is at least 1.3, more preferably at least 1:1. | 11-18-2010 |