Patent application number | Description | Published |
20120309949 | METHOD FOR PREPARATION OF THE TETRASACCHARIDE LACTO-N-NEOTETRAOSE (LNNT) CONTAINING N-ACETYLLACTOSAMINE - The present invention relates to a method for preparation of the tetrasaccharide lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnt, formula (I)) especially in large scale, as well as intermediates in the synthesis, a new crystal form (polymorph) of LNnt, and the use thereof in pharmaceutical or nutritional compositions. | 12-06-2012 |
20130072675 | METHOD FOR CYRSTALLIZATION OF FUCOSE - The present application discloses a method for the crystallization of fucose, characterized in that the crystallization is carried out from a mixture comprising fucose and at least one 6-deoxy sugar selected from 6-deoxy-talose and 6-deoxy-gulose. In one embodiment, the mixture comprises fucose and 6-deoxy-talose. | 03-21-2013 |
20130165406 | POLYMORPHS OF 2'-O-FUCOSYLLACTOSE AND PRODUCING THEREOF - The present invention relates to novel polymorphs of the trisaccharide 2′-O-fucosyllactose (2-FL) of formula (1), methods for producing said polymorphs and their use in pharmaceutical or nutritional compositions. | 06-27-2013 |
20130171696 | SYNTHESIS OF NEW SIALOOLIGOSACCHARIDE DERIVATIVES - The invention relates to a method for the synthesis of compounds of general formula (1A) and salts thereof wherein one of the R groups is an α-sialyl moiety and the other is H, X | 07-04-2013 |
20130172548 | DERIVATIZATION OF OLIGOSACCHARIDES - A method for purifying, separating and/or isolating an oligosaccharide or a salt thereof is presented. An embodiment of the invention is based upon the formation of anomeric O-benzyl/substituted O-benzyl derivatives in a selective anomeric alkylation reaction. | 07-04-2013 |
20140057868 | CATALYTIC HYDROGENOLYSIS OF A COMPOSITION OF A MIXTURE OF OLIGOSACCHARIDE PRECURSORS AND USES THEREOF - A method for the manufacture of a mixture of human milk oligosaccharides is disclosed. The method involves the catalytic hydrogenolysis of compounds of the general formula 1 and 2. The use of compounds of general formula 1 and 2 in the manufacture of human milk oligosaccharides is also disclosed. | 02-27-2014 |
20140235850 | SYNTHESIS OF HMO CORE STRUCTURES - The invention relates to a method for making precursors of HMO core structures comprising a step of reacting an N-acetyllactosamine or lacto-N-biose derivative donor with a lactose or N-acetyllactosamine derivative acceptor, wherein the donor is an oxazoline donor. | 08-21-2014 |
20140323705 | MANUFACTURE OF LACTO-N-TETRAOSE - The present invention relates to the synthesis of the tetrasaccharide of formula (I) and novel intermediates used in the synthesis. | 10-30-2014 |
20150065702 | Synthesis of the Trisaccharide 3-O-Fucosyllactose and Intermediates Thereof - 3-O-Fucosyllactose is made by process which includes the hydrogenolysis of a new compound of the formula 1 wherein R | 03-05-2015 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20130061152 | THREE DIMENSIONAL GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE - Graphical user interfaces (GUIs) are disclosed. One GUI includes a 3D object. The 3D object has a plurality of surfaces. The surfaces include one or more surfaces associated with a first user and one or more surfaces associated with a second user. The 3D object is rotatable in order to selectively display at least one of the surfaces. Rotation of the 3D object around a first axis changes the selectively displayed surface between the one or more surfaces associated with the first user and the one or more surfaces associated with the second user. Rotation of the 3D object around a second axis changes the selectively displayed surface between one of the one or more surfaces associated with the first user and another one of the one or more surfaces associated with the first user. The GUI may be implemented on the display screen of a medical device. | 03-07-2013 |
20130293570 | BATCH PARAMETER SETTINGS IN A MEDICAL APPARATUS - Methods for setting mutually dependent parameters of a microprocessor controlled medical apparatus are disclosed. Mutually dependent parameters may be set by displaying mutually dependent parameter settings, displaying possible values for at least one parameter setting, whereby limits of the range of possible values is mutable and is automatically determined based on the current parameter settings, adjusting a parameter setting upon manual selection by an operator, automatically determining and displaying the value of at least one parameter setting depending on the parameter setting that is adjusted by the operator, whereby the determination of the dependent parameter setting is based on a stored relationship between parameter settings, implementing the set of adjusted parameter settings by actuating a batch setting acceptance operation, and operating the medical apparatus based on the set of adjusted parameter settings. | 11-07-2013 |
20130298062 | METHOD FOR CUSTOMIZATION OF USER INTERFACE OF A MEDICAL APPARATUS FOR EXTRACORPORAL BLOOD TREATMENT; MEDICAL APPARATUS FOR EXTRACORPORAL BLOOD TREATMENT - Methods for customization of a user interface of a microprocessor controlled medical apparatus for extracorporal blood treatment are disclosed, whereby the medical apparatus comprises a software component driving the user interface on a touch screen of the medical apparatus, and the software component has a technical support and maintenance mode and a treatment mode. At least one target window is displayed on the touch screen during therapy in the treatment mode, and such target window shows at least data regarding measured and/or set values of the therapy, whereby at least the appearance of one target window is modified by a customization procedure that is performed within the target window in the treatment mode. The invention further relates to a medical apparatus for extracorporal blood treatment that uses the method. | 11-07-2013 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20080300276 | Heterocyclic Carboxylic Acide Amide Derivatives - The invention relates to new heterocyclic carboxylic acid amide derivatives of formula (I)—wherein the meaning of X is hydrogen or halogen atom, hydroxy, cyano, C | 12-04-2008 |
20080312222 | 4-Benzyledene-Piperidin Derivatives - The present invention relates to new 4-benzylidene-piperidin derivatives of formula (I), useful as NMDA, in a particular NR2B subunit containing receptor antagonists and analgesica. | 12-18-2008 |
20090012118 | Kynurenic Acid Amide Derivatives as Nr2b Receptor Antagoni - The new kynurenic acid amide derivatives of formula (I): and optical antipodes, racemates and the salts thereof are highly effective and selective antagonists of NMDA receptor, and moreover most of the compounds are selective antagonist of NR2B subtype of NMDA receptor. | 01-08-2009 |
20090048303 | Indole-2-carboxamidine derivatives as nmda receptor antago - The present invention relates therefore first to new indole-2-carboxamidine derivatives of formula (I)—wherein the meaning of X is hydrogen or halogen atom, C | 02-19-2009 |
20090170901 | Benzoyl Urea Derivatives - The new benzoyl urea derivatives of formula (I) wherein the meaning of X and Y independently are hydrogen atom, hydroxy, benzyloxy, amino, nitro, C | 07-02-2009 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20090082818 | Canulated titanium implant for correcting flat feet in children - It is possible to satisfy all the requirements of minimal invasiveness with maximal permanent result by placing the invented implants (screw). The shape of the screw solves all mentioned technical problems that occurred thus far, i.e. it can be directed through a small gap in the skin by Kirschner's guide-wire (because the screw is hollow-canulated). The screw is larger in body, so a much greater force is needed for it to break. If it does break, it can be removed easier with less lesions to the surrounding bone tissue. At the point of the screw are trisect cuts (on the apex thread) which also make the lesion of the bone lesser as is as it is inserted in its position. Since the head of the screw is bigger and conical, without a narrow part leading to the screw-thread, the screw self-tightens into the bone, which makes the loosening rarer. The loosening is also rarer because of the shape of the screw-thread. The screw has the equal effect throughout the whole time it is implanted in the body. The osteolysis of the heel bone in which the screw stems against is also reduced. The conical shape of the head of the screw, without a narrow part (neck) between the head and the screw-thread, it does not allow ingrowing of the bone tissue, so it can be easily removed when the necessary time of correction is finished. The time necessary for the surgical procedure is significantly shorter, taking up 15 minutes, thus reducing the possibility of a infection, which is also helped by a small operative area. After the placement of the screw, the patient can walk two days after the surgery and he/she does not need any plaster immobilization or physical therapy. The screw is made out of titanium alloy, which gives it a certain toughness; the patient can undergo magnetic examinations, if there is need for such, while the screw is implanted. | 03-26-2009 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20080300240 | PDE10 INHIBITORS AND RELATED COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS - Compounds that inhibit PDE10 are disclosed that have utility in the treatment of a variety of conditions, including (but not limited to) psychotic, anxiety, movement disorders and/or neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease, encephalitis, phobias, epilepsy, aphasia, Bell's palsy, cerebral palsy, sleep disorders, pain, Tourette syndrome, schizophrenia, delusional disorders, drug-induced psychosis and panic and obsessive-compulsive disorders. The compounds have the general structure: | 12-04-2008 |
20110021509 | PDE10 INHIBITORS AND RELATED COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS - Compounds that inhibit PDE10 are disclosed that have utility in the treatment of a variety of conditions, including (but not limited to) psychotic, anxiety, movement disorders and/or neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease, encephalitis, phobias, epilepsy, aphasia, Bell's palsy, cerebral palsy, sleep disorders, pain, Tourette syndrome, schizophrenia, delusional disorders, drug-induced psychosis and panic and obsessive-compulsive disorders. The compounds have the general structure: | 01-27-2011 |
20130303572 | NOVEL INHIBITORS OF MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASES - Compounds of general formula (I), salts or solvates thereof and pharmaceutical compositions containing same: | 11-14-2013 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20110021509 | PDE10 INHIBITORS AND RELATED COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS - Compounds that inhibit PDE10 are disclosed that have utility in the treatment of a variety of conditions, including (but not limited to) psychotic, anxiety, movement disorders and/or neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease, encephalitis, phobias, epilepsy, aphasia, Bell's palsy, cerebral palsy, sleep disorders, pain, Tourette syndrome, schizophrenia, delusional disorders, drug-induced psychosis and panic and obsessive-compulsive disorders. The compounds have the general structure: | 01-27-2011 |
20130303572 | NOVEL INHIBITORS OF MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASES - Compounds of general formula (I), salts or solvates thereof and pharmaceutical compositions containing same: | 11-14-2013 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20120309949 | METHOD FOR PREPARATION OF THE TETRASACCHARIDE LACTO-N-NEOTETRAOSE (LNNT) CONTAINING N-ACETYLLACTOSAMINE - The present invention relates to a method for preparation of the tetrasaccharide lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnt, formula (I)) especially in large scale, as well as intermediates in the synthesis, a new crystal form (polymorph) of LNnt, and the use thereof in pharmaceutical or nutritional compositions. | 12-06-2012 |
20130072675 | METHOD FOR CYRSTALLIZATION OF FUCOSE - The present application discloses a method for the crystallization of fucose, characterized in that the crystallization is carried out from a mixture comprising fucose and at least one 6-deoxy sugar selected from 6-deoxy-talose and 6-deoxy-gulose. In one embodiment, the mixture comprises fucose and 6-deoxy-talose. | 03-21-2013 |
20130165406 | POLYMORPHS OF 2'-O-FUCOSYLLACTOSE AND PRODUCING THEREOF - The present invention relates to novel polymorphs of the trisaccharide 2′-O-fucosyllactose (2-FL) of formula (1), methods for producing said polymorphs and their use in pharmaceutical or nutritional compositions. | 06-27-2013 |
20130171696 | SYNTHESIS OF NEW SIALOOLIGOSACCHARIDE DERIVATIVES - The invention relates to a method for the synthesis of compounds of general formula (1A) and salts thereof wherein one of the R groups is an α-sialyl moiety and the other is H, X | 07-04-2013 |
20130172548 | DERIVATIZATION OF OLIGOSACCHARIDES - A method for purifying, separating and/or isolating an oligosaccharide or a salt thereof is presented. An embodiment of the invention is based upon the formation of anomeric O-benzyl/substituted O-benzyl derivatives in a selective anomeric alkylation reaction. | 07-04-2013 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20080306271 | Novel Process for Production of Highly Pure Polymorph (I) Donepezil Hydrochloride - The present invention provides a novel, industrially realizable and economically preferable process for production of highly pure 1-benzyl-4-[(5,6-dimethoxy-1-indanon)-2-yl]methyl piperidine hydrochloride, i.e., donepezil hydrochloride shown in the following reaction scheme, in Polymorph (I) morphological crystal form. (I) In one of the key steps of the process, during the hydrogenation 5,6-dimethoxy 2-(pyridine-4-yhnethylene)indan- | 12-11-2008 |
20090093635 | PROCESS FOR MAKING POLYMORPH FROM I OF (S) - (+) -METHYL-ALPHA- (2-CHLOROPHENYL) -6, 7-DYHIDRO-THIENO- [3, 2-c] PYRIDINE-5 (4H) -ACETATE HYDROGEN SULFATE - The invention relates to a process for the preparation of the pharmaceutically applicable polymorph Form I of (S)-(+)-methyl-α-(2-chlorophenyl)-6,7-dyhidro-thieno[3,2-c]-pyridine-5(4H)-acetate hydrogen sulfate of formula I; by reacting (S)-(+)-methyl-α-(2-chlorophenyl)-6,7-dyhidro-thieno[3,2-c]pyridine-5(4H)-acetate and sulfuric acid in the presence of solvents which comprises dissolving (S)-(+)-methyl-α-(2-chlorophenyl)-6,7-dyhidro-thieno[3,2-c]pyridine-5(4H)-acetate in an ether; mixing this solution with a solution of a C | 04-09-2009 |
20090111988 | NOVEL PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF 5--6-CHLORO-1,3-DIHYDRO-2H-INDOL-2-ONE (ZIPRASIDONE) - The present invention provides a novel, industrially easily realisable and economically preferable process for production of pure 5-{2-[4-(1,2-benzisothiazol-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl]-ethyl}-6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-one i.e., ziprasidone hydrochloride shown in the reaction scheme (II), (III), (IV), (V) and (VI). According to the invention the intermediate compound 5-(2-bromoethyl)-6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-one of Formula (III) is produced from 5-(2-bromoacethyl)-6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-2H-indole-2-one of Formula (IV). The highly pure ziprasidone base of Formula (II) is obtained in the reaction of 3-piperazinyl-1,2-benzisothiazol of Formula (VI) with 5-(2-bromoethyl)-6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-one of Formula (III) in an organic solvent or organic solvent mixture. | 04-30-2009 |
20100081668 | POLYMORPHS OF 5--6-CHLORO-1,3-DIHYDRO-2H-INDOL-2-ONE HYDROBROMIDE AND PROCESSES FOR PREPARATION THEREOF - The present invention provides pharmaceutically applicable compounds and polymorphs belonging to the ziprasidone hydrobromide compound group with antipsychotic effect. The present invention provides hydrobromide polymorphs of 5-{-2-[4-(1,2-benzisothiazol-3-yl)-1-piperazinyl]-ethyl}-6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-one, ziprasidone of Formula (I) having neuroleptic activity. | 04-01-2010 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20080200668 | Industrial Process for the Preparation of 17-Hydroxy-6Beta, 7Beta; 15Beta, 16Beta-Bismethylene-3-Oxo-17Alpha-Pregn-4-Ene-21-Carboxylic Acid Y-Lactone and Key Intermediates for this Process - The invention relates to an industrial process for the preparation of 17-hydroxy-6β,7β;15β,16β-bismethylene-3-oxo-17α-pregn-4-ene-21-carboxylic acid γ-lactone of formula (I), and to the key-intermediates for this process. | 08-21-2008 |
20080287404 | High Purity 17Alpha-Cyanomethyl-17Beta-Hydroxy-Estra-4,9-Diene-3- One and Process For the Syntheses Thereof - The invention relates to a new process for the synthesis of high purity 17α-cyanomethyl-17β-hydroxy-estra-4,9-diene-3-one (further on dienogest) of formula (I) from 3-methoxy-17-hydroxy-estra-2,5(10)-diene of formula (V). The invention relates also to the high purity 17α-cyanomethyl-17β-hydroxy-estra-4,9-diene-3-one and pharmaceutical compositions containing that as active ingredient. The pharmaceutical compositions according to this invention contain high purity dienogest of formula (I) in which the total amount of impurities is less than 0.1%, while the amount of 4-bromo-dienogest is under the detection limit (0.02%) as active ingredient or at least one of the active ingredients and auxiliary materials, which are commonly used in practice, such as carriers, excipients or diluents. According to our invention the dienogest of formula (I) is synthesized the following way: i) 3-methoxy-17-hydroxy-estra-2,5(10)-diene of formula (V) is reacted with aluminum isopropylate in the presence of cyclohexanone in an inert organic solvent under heating; ii) the so obtained 3-methoxy-estra-2,5(10)-diene-17-one of formula (IV) is reacted with cyanomethyl lithium at a temperature between 0 and −30° C.; iii) the obtained 3-methoxy-17α-cyanomethyl-17β-hydroxy-estra-2,5(10)-diene of formula (III) is reacted with a strong organic acid in tetrahydrofuran solution; iv) the obtained 17α-cyanomethyl-17β-hydroxy-estr-5(10)-ene-3-one of formula (II) is reacted with 1-1.5 equivalent of pyridinium tribromide in pyridine solution at a temperature between 0 and 60° C., then the obtained crude dienogest of formula (I) is purified by recrystallization and preparative HPLC. | 11-20-2008 |
20090312299 | Isolated Isomers of Norelgestromin and Methods of Making and Using the Same - The invention is directed to a process of preparing substantially pure d-(17α)-13-ethyl-17-hydroxy-18,19-dinorpregn-4-ene-20-yn-3-one-3E- and -3Z-oxime isomers, as well as a process for the synthesis of the mixture of isomers and the pure isomers. The invention also relates to substantially pure d-(17α)-13-ethyl-17-hydroxy-18,19-dinorpregn-4-ene20-yn-3-one-3E-oxime and substantially pure d-(17α)-13-ethyl-17-hydroxy-18,19-dinorpregn-4-ene-20-yn-3-one-3Z-oxime isomer. Further aspects of the invention include a composition comprising substantially pure d-(17α)-13-ethyl-17-hydroxy-18,19-dinorpregn-4-ene20-yn-3-one-3E-oxime or substantially pure d-(17α)-13-ethyl-17-hydroxy-18,19-dinorpregn-4-ene-20-yn-3-one-3Z-oxime isomer, and methods of treatment using said compositions. | 12-17-2009 |
20100137622 | INDUSTRIAL METHOD FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF 17-ACETOXY-11beta-[4-(DIMETHYLAMINO)-PHENYL]-21-METHOXY-19-NORPREGNA-4,9-- DIEN-3,20-DIONE AND THE KEY INTERMEDIATES OF THE PROCESS - The present invention relates to a process for the synthesis of the known 17-acetoxy-11-β-[4-(dimethyl amino)-phenyl]-21-methoxy-19-norpregna-4,9-dien-3,20-dione (further on CDB-4124) of formula (I) from 3,3-[1,2-ethandiyl-bis(oxy)]-oestr-5(10),9(11)-dien-17-one of formula (II). Compound CDB-4124 belongs to the group of anti-hormones. The process has the following steps: i) formation of an epoxide; ii) addition of hydrogen cyanide; iii) silylation of a hydroxyl group; iv) reaction with 4-(dimethylamino)-phenyl magnesium bromide Grignard reagent in the presence of CuCl (Teutsch reaction); v) silylation of a hydroxyl group with trimethyl chlorosilane; vi) reaction with diisobutyl aluminum hydride and after addition of acid to the reaction mixture; vii) methoxy-methylation with methoxy-methyl Grignard reagent formed in situ, while hydrolyzing the trimethylsilyl protective groups; viii) oxidation of a hydroxyl group with dicyclohexyl carbodiimide in the presence of dimethyl sulfoxide and a strong organic acid (Swern oxidation), and in given case after purification by chromatography; ix) acetylation of a hydroxyl group with acetic anhydride in the presence of perchloric acid, and in given case, purification by chromatography. The invention also relates to new intermediates of the process. | 06-03-2010 |
20120077791 | NOVEL CRYSTALLINE FORM OF ANTIPROGESTIN CDB-4124 - The present invention relates to novel crystalline Form A of 17α-acetoxy-21-methoxy-11β-[4-N,N-dimethylaminophenyl]-19-norpregna-4,9-diene-3,20-dione, (also known as CDB-4124) and methods for the preparation of it in excellent purity. | 03-29-2012 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20090312299 | Isolated Isomers of Norelgestromin and Methods of Making and Using the Same - The invention is directed to a process of preparing substantially pure d-(17α)-13-ethyl-17-hydroxy-18,19-dinorpregn-4-ene-20-yn-3-one-3E- and -3Z-oxime isomers, as well as a process for the synthesis of the mixture of isomers and the pure isomers. The invention also relates to substantially pure d-(17α)-13-ethyl-17-hydroxy-18,19-dinorpregn-4-ene20-yn-3-one-3E-oxime and substantially pure d-(17α)-13-ethyl-17-hydroxy-18,19-dinorpregn-4-ene-20-yn-3-one-3Z-oxime isomer. Further aspects of the invention include a composition comprising substantially pure d-(17α)-13-ethyl-17-hydroxy-18,19-dinorpregn-4-ene20-yn-3-one-3E-oxime or substantially pure d-(17α)-13-ethyl-17-hydroxy-18,19-dinorpregn-4-ene-20-yn-3-one-3Z-oxime isomer, and methods of treatment using said compositions. | 12-17-2009 |
20100137622 | INDUSTRIAL METHOD FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF 17-ACETOXY-11beta-[4-(DIMETHYLAMINO)-PHENYL]-21-METHOXY-19-NORPREGNA-4,9-- DIEN-3,20-DIONE AND THE KEY INTERMEDIATES OF THE PROCESS - The present invention relates to a process for the synthesis of the known 17-acetoxy-11-β-[4-(dimethyl amino)-phenyl]-21-methoxy-19-norpregna-4,9-dien-3,20-dione (further on CDB-4124) of formula (I) from 3,3-[1,2-ethandiyl-bis(oxy)]-oestr-5(10),9(11)-dien-17-one of formula (II). Compound CDB-4124 belongs to the group of anti-hormones. The process has the following steps: i) formation of an epoxide; ii) addition of hydrogen cyanide; iii) silylation of a hydroxyl group; iv) reaction with 4-(dimethylamino)-phenyl magnesium bromide Grignard reagent in the presence of CuCl (Teutsch reaction); v) silylation of a hydroxyl group with trimethyl chlorosilane; vi) reaction with diisobutyl aluminum hydride and after addition of acid to the reaction mixture; vii) methoxy-methylation with methoxy-methyl Grignard reagent formed in situ, while hydrolyzing the trimethylsilyl protective groups; viii) oxidation of a hydroxyl group with dicyclohexyl carbodiimide in the presence of dimethyl sulfoxide and a strong organic acid (Swern oxidation), and in given case after purification by chromatography; ix) acetylation of a hydroxyl group with acetic anhydride in the presence of perchloric acid, and in given case, purification by chromatography. The invention also relates to new intermediates of the process. | 06-03-2010 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20110044168 | TRANSPORT NETWORK CONGESTION CONTROL FOR ENHANCED UPLINK COMMUNICATIONS - For a mobile radio connection having at least two uplink flows, a determination is made whether one of the uplink flows from a non-serving cell has a better radio link quality than another of the uplink flows from a serving cell. A congestion condition in the radio access transport network is monitored for those uplink flows. If congestion in the radio access transport network for the non-serving cell uplink flow is detected when that uplink flow is associated with the better radio link quality, then a message is generated for transmission to the mobile radio terminal to reduce a rate at which the mobile radio terminal transmits data for the connection to the radio access transport network rather than the non-serving cell discarding uplink data packets. | 02-24-2011 |
20110235519 | DELAYED FLOW CONTROL ACTION IN TRANSPORT NETWORK LAYER WCDMA COMMUNICATIONS - Congestion is detected in a radio access transport network that includes radio network controllers and base stations. Data packet flows associated with mobile radio communications are controlled in the radio access transport network by a corresponding flow control entity. Each flow is monitored for congestion in the transport network. A flow control action is determined in response to the detected congestion. Performance of the flow control action is delayed for a predetermined delay period before the flow control action may be performed. Delaying flow control action after congestion is detected allows other affected flows to detect or be notified of the congestion, thereby making congestion detection more fair. | 09-29-2011 |
20110235528 | FAIR CONGESTION DETECTION FOR TRANSPORT NETWORK LAYER WCDMA COMMUNICATIONS - Congestion is detected in a radio access transport network including one or more radio network controllers each coupled to one or more radio base stations. Multiple data packet flows are each associated with a mobile radio terminal communication, and each flow is controlled in the radio access transport network by a corresponding flow control entity. They are monitored for congestion in the transport network. If a congestion area in the transport network is detected for one of the monitored data packet flows, then a determination is made whether other monitored data packet flows share the detected congestion area. Congestion notification information is communicated to the flow control entities corresponding to the other monitored data packet flows that share the detected congestion area. Based on the congestion notification information, the informed flow control entities may take a flow control action, e.g., to enable fair sharing of communications resources in the transport network. | 09-29-2011 |
20120320746 | Method and Apparatus for Grant-Based Uplink Transmission Scheduling - In one aspect, the present invention advantageously provides far greater granularity in adjusting the maximum (schedulable) uplink bit rates of users than is directly available from a defined grant table that is used for making scheduled uplink grants to those users. As a non-limiting example, the EUL scheduler in a NodeB in a WCDMA network calculates the “effective” bit rate desired for one or more users over a given time interval, and determines the pattern of scheduling grants to make from the grant table over that interval, to produce the desired effective bit rate(s). This capability enables the EUL scheduler to make relatively fine fractional adjustments to the aggregate uplink data rate for a plurality of users, thus allowing much more precise reductions in the aggregate uplink data rate of those users. The EUL scheduler makes these more precise adjustments, for example, in response to indications of congestion on the backhaul connection between the NodeB and its supporting RNC. Grant variations also may be used in the HARQ processes of one or more users, for obtaining better bit rate control granularity. | 12-20-2012 |
20130058211 | Method of Congestion Detection in a Cellular Radio System - A method for detecting congestion in a transport network is provided. The congestion detection utilizes flow control including relative bitrate. The method comprises counting the number of detected frame loss events for a flow. The method further comprises determining if the number of detected frame losses is greater than or equal to a corresponding threshold, wherein the threshold used is an individual threshold for the flow set taking into account relative bitrate weights of the flow, and detecting transport network congestion for the flow when the number of detected frame losses is greater than or equal to the corresponding threshold. | 03-07-2013 |
20130121161 | Apparatus and Method in a Telecommunications Network - An entity in a telecommunications network, for example a user equipment, determines a threshold value relating to a channel switching parameter that is being used by the telecommunications network to trigger a channel switching operation, and uses this threshold value and monitored traffic information to prevent a channel change from occurring, i.e. to maintain channel occupancy. A network node is adapted to remove additional traffic that has been generated by an entity in the telecommunications network to maintain channel occupancy. | 05-16-2013 |
20130148499 | Efficient Flow Control in a Radio Network Controller (RNC) - A mechanism is provided to resolve the Iub transport network congestion efficiently for HSDPA by dynamic adjustment of the transmit window of the RLC. The RLC protocol is extended with congestion control functionality. The Iub TN and Uu congestion detection method in the Node-B signals the congestion to the RNC, and this congestion indication is used by RLC to react on the congestion situation. In the RNC, the transmission window of the RLC is adjusted to control the flow rate. When congestion is detected, the RLC transmission window size is decreased. When there is no congestion, then the RLC transmission window size is increased automatically. Different types of congestion are distinguished and are handled in different ways. Alternatively, congestion control is achieved without any modification in the RLC layer from the existing standard. Here, RLC STATUS PDUs are used to change the RLC transmission window size. | 06-13-2013 |