Parsons, CA
Brockett Parsons, West Hollywood, CA US
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20130192444 | CIRCULAR PIANO KEYBOARD - According to embodiments herein, a circular, semi-circular, or generally rounded piano keyboard is shown and described. In particular, in an illustrative embodiment, the piano keyboard is a fully to nearly-fully circular stage piano keyboard that surrounds a keyboardist, allowing for up to 360 degrees of key-play. Other, e.g., wearable, embodiments of the circular piano keyboard are also described, such as a curved keytar or a curvaceous “keydress.” | 08-01-2013 |
20150107445 | CIRCULAR PIANO KEYBOARD - According to embodiments herein, a circular, semi-circular, or generally rounded piano keyboard is shown and described. In particular, in an illustrative embodiment, the piano keyboard is a fully to nearly-fully circular stage piano keyboard that surrounds a keyboardist, allowing for up to 360 degrees of key-play. Other, e.g., wearable, embodiments of the circular piano keyboard are also described, such as a curved keytar or a curvaceous “keydress.” | 04-23-2015 |
C. Lowell Parsons, San Diego, CA US
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20130071445 | TRANSLUMINAL DRUG DELIVERY METHODS AND DEVICES - Transluminal drug delivery method and device embodiments can include a urethral suppository formulated to prevent or treat diseases of the urethra and surrounding organs, such as interstitial cystitis or urethritis, by enhancing the absorption of a therapeutic agent of the suppository into body tissues without adversely affecting the natural defense mechanisms of these tissues. Adverse effects on the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) barrier can be mitigated or eliminated by the presence of a suitable polysaccharide in the suppository. | 03-21-2013 |
20150359816 | STABLE COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING HEPARINOID, ACUTE-ACTING ANESTHETIC, AND BUFFER - Improved methods for preparing compositions including a heparinoid, an acute-acting anesthetic, and a buffer are described. These methods result in compositions in which the heparinoid and the acute-acting anesthetic are at least 90% stable for one year. Compositions prepared by these methods and having such improved stability properties are also described, as well as methods for use of these compositions for treating, ameliorating, or preventing lower urinary tract disorders such as interstitial cystitis. | 12-17-2015 |
Dennis Parsons, Santa Rosa, CA US
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20130268044 | DURABLE STENT GRAFT WITH TAPERED STRUTS AND STABLE DELIVERY METHODS AND DEVICES - Some embodiments relate in part to endovascular prostheses and methods of deploying same. Embodiments may be directed more specifically to stent grafts and methods of making and deploying same within the body of a patient. Stent embodiments may include tapered struts for an even distribution of strain. Stent embodiments may also include portions which are enlarged in a circumferential direction which may be configured to stabilize the stent in a constrained state. | 10-10-2013 |
20150157479 | DURABLE STENT GRAFT WITH TAPERED STRUTS AND STABLE DELIVERY METHODS AND DEVICES - Some embodiments relate in part to endovascular prostheses and methods of deploying same. Embodiments may be directed more specifically to stent grafts and methods of making and deploying same within the body of a patient. Stent embodiments may include tapered struts for an even distribution of strain. Stent embodiments may also include portions which are enlarged in a circumferential direction which may be configured to stabilize the stent in a constrained state. | 06-11-2015 |
Diana J. Parsons, Berkeley, CA US
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20090203785 | METHOD AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING YOUTHFUL-APPEARING, SMALL-PORED, AND SMOOTH SKIN - A method and process for producing youthful appearing, small-pored, and smooth skin by pre-treating the skin topically with retinoic acid, applying carbon particles on the skin, removing the carbon particles by exploding them with laser light, and post-treating the skin topically with retinoic acid. When treating the face, removing the carbon particles requires only about 4 minutes. The laser light itself does not injure the skin. Treatment by explosion of the carbon particles stimulates the production of collagen in the high dermis leaving the epidermis intact, with no removal of stratum corneum. Repeated intermittent treatments of exploding carbon particles and topical application of retinoic acid to the skin produce the desired results in the skin indefinitely as long as the treatment and applications are continued. | 08-13-2009 |
20100022997 | Method and process for producing youthful-appearing, small-pored, and smooth skin - The method and process for producing youthful appearing, small-pored, and smooth skin comprises pre-treating the skin topically with retinoic acid, applying a contaminant in oil to the skin, and removing the contaminate by exploding or rupturing it with laser light. When treating the face, removing the contaminant requires only about 4 minutes. The laser light itself does not injure the skin but the rupture of the contaminant produces thermal injury in the high dermis leaving the epidermis intact. Repeated intermittent laser treatments and applications of topical retinoic acid produces the desired results in the skin indefinitely as long as the treatment and applications are continued. | 01-28-2010 |
James Parsons, Ventura, CA US
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20100212956 | SAFETY PLUG FOR SEALING BUS BAR END CONNECTIONS - A sealed covering for exposed portions of electrical wires at an end of a protective tube, which houses a bus bar and has a cover shield, includes a plug. The plug includes two opposed hinged shells forming, when closed, a cavity for receiving a cable and a flange for engaging the cover shield. A method for enclosing at least one electrical splice between at least one electrical wire and at least one bus bar employs the sealed covering. | 08-26-2010 |
Jay David Parsons, Los Gatos, CA US
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20160117715 | PAYMENT DATA SYSTEMS AND METHODS - An electronic offer system including a payment instrument reader for reading payment instrument data from a payment instrument and an offer-payment instrument account association (O-PIAA) server communicating with the payment instrument reader and automatically operative in response to reading of the payment instrument data by the payment instrument reader to associate at least one offer in an offer program with a payment instrument account indicated by the payment instrument data. | 04-28-2016 |
John P. Parsons, Manhattan Beach, CA US
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20100214622 | ADVANCED COVER-DRIVEN WORKFLOW FOR A PRINTSHOP - A method and apparatus of printing books based on digital data, comprises accepting a plurality of orders, each order including a request for at least one copy of each of a plurality of titles. The plurality of orders form a streamlined cover set. The streamlined cover set is scanned, the detecting of each cover in the cover set causing digital printing of a book block corresponding to the detected title associated with the cover. | 08-26-2010 |
20110291354 | ACTUATOR AND DUAL BIN SIZE BELT SYSTEM FOR MULTIPLE SIZE MEDIA TRANSPORT - This is a media transport system that can accommodate various size media or sheets. The system has a series of even sized bins that can accommodate both small and large sheets. Above the bins is located a sheet diverter that when lowered diverts the small sheets into a small portion of the even sized bin. When the sheet diverter is raised, it permits the large sheets to be unblocked by it and fall into the largest portion of the even sized bin. When the large sheets are housed in the bin, they are supported on a short pusher which is located between two large pushers. Both the small and large sheets are in substantial collated alignment when housed in the bins. | 12-01-2011 |
20110297510 | MEDIA TRANSPORT SYSTEM WITH VIBRATORY EDGE REGISTRATION FUNCTION - An apparatus has a continuous loop conveyor belt mounted on a frame. The conveyor belt has a first edge, a second edge, and a belt surface between the first edge and the second edge. The first edge is positioned relatively higher than the second edge such that the belt surface is at an angle with respect to a horizontal ground reference plane, and such that the belt surface slopes downwardly from the first edge toward the second edge. In addition, a sidewall is connected to the frame. The sidewall is positioned adjacent the second edge, and the sidewall is perpendicular to the belt surface and runs parallel to the second edge. Therefore, the sidewall prevents items from falling off the belt surface at the second edge. Further, a plurality of rectangular fins are connected to the belt surface. The fins are perpendicular to the sidewall and perpendicular to the belt surface. A vibrator is connected to the frame and transmits vibrations to the conveyor belt. | 12-08-2011 |
Julia Parsons, San Francisco, CA US
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20130103467 | Real-Time Content Evaluation and Query Building Processes and Systems - A non-transitory computer readable storage medium includes executable instructions to evaluate a web page to derive a web page scoring schema that is contingent upon selected advertising campaign parameters that establish a unique scoring system of an advertiser. A bid on an advertisement opportunity in the web page based is generated based upon the web page scoring schema. | 04-25-2013 |
Lance Parsons, San Marcos, CA US
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20100120129 | APPARATUS FOR AND METHOD OF PROCESSING BIOLOGICAL SAMPLES - The present invention provides systems, devices, apparatuses and methods for automated bioprocessing. Examples of protocols and bioprocessing procedures suitable for the present invention include but are not limited to: immunoprecipitation, chromatin immunoprecipitation, recombinant protein isolation, nucleic acid separation and isolation, protein labeling, separation and isolation, cell separation and isolation, food safety analysis and automatic bead based separation. In some embodiments, the invention provides automated systems, automated devices, automated cartridges and automated methods of western blot processing. Other embodiments include automated systems, automated devices, automated cartridges and automated methods for separation, preparation and purification of nucleic acids, such as DNA or RNA or fragments thereof, including plasmid DNA, genomic DNA, bacterial DNA, viral DNA and any other DNA, and for automated systems, automated devices, automated cartridges and automated methods for processing, separation and purification of proteins, peptides and the like. | 05-13-2010 |
20130040376 | APPARATUS FOR AND METHOD OF PROCESSING BIOLOGICAL SAMPLES - The present invention provides systems, devices, apparatuses and methods for automated bioprocessing. Examples of protocols and bioprocessing procedures suitable for the present invention include but are not limited to: immunoprecipitation, chromatin immunoprecipitation, recombinant protein isolation, nucleic acid separation and isolation, protein labeling, separation and isolation, cell separation and isolation, food safety analysis and automatic bead based separation. In some embodiments, the invention provides automated systems, automated devices, automated cartridges and automated methods of western blot processing. Other embodiments include automated systems, automated devices, automated cartridges and automated methods for separation, preparation and purification of nucleic acids, such as DNA or RNA or fragments thereof, including plasmid DNA, genomic DNA, bacterial DNA, viral DNA and any other DNA, and for automated systems, automated devices, automated cartridges and automated methods for processing, separation and purification of proteins, peptides and the like. | 02-14-2013 |
20150044758 | Apparatus for and Method of Processing Biological Samples - The present invention provides systems, devices, apparatuses and methods for automated bioprocessing. Examples of protocols and bioprocessing procedures suitable for the present invention include but are not limited to immunoprecipitation, chromatin immunoprecipitation, recombinant protein isolation, nucleic acid separation and isolation, protein labeling, separation and isolation, cell separation and isolation, food safety analysis and automatic bead based separation. In some embodiments, the invention provides automated systems, automated devices, automated cartridges and automated methods of western blot processing. Other embodiments include automated systems, automated devices, automated cartridges and automated methods for separation, preparation and purification of nucleic acids, such as DNA or RNA or fragments thereof, including plasmid DNA, genomic DNA, bacterial DNA, viral DNA and any other DNA, and for automated systems, automated devices, automated cartridges and automated methods for processing, separation and purification of proteins, peptides and the like. | 02-12-2015 |
Lowell C. Parsons, San Diego, CA US
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20140194380 | METHOD OF MANUFACTURING COMPOSITION COMPRISING LOCAL ANESTHETIC, HEPARINOID, AND BUFFER - An improved method for preparing a composition including a heparinoid, a local anesthetic, and a buffer for treatment of a lower urinary tract disease or condition can comprise either: (A) (i) providing a heparinoid in solid form or liquid form; (ii) providing a local anesthetic in solid form or liquid form; (iii) adding a liquid buffer to the heparinoid in solid form or liquid form; (iv) adding the local anesthetic to the mixture of the liquid buffer and the heparinoid; and (v) if necessary, adjusting the pH of the mixture of the liquid buffer, the local anesthetic, and the heparinoid so that a pH is achieved of from about 6.8 to about 8.3 is achieved without precipitation of the local anesthetic; or (B) (i)providing a heparinoid in solid form or liquid form; (ii) providing a local anesthetic in solid form or liquid form; (iii) mixing the heparinoid in solid form or liquid form and the local anesthetic in solid form or liquid form; (iv) adding a liquid buffer to the mixture of the heparinoid and the local anesthetic to form a mixture of liquid buffer, the heparinoid, and the local anesthetic; and (v) if necessary, adjusting the pH of the mixture of the liquid buffer, the local anesthetic, and the heparinoid so that a pH is achieved of from about 7.0 to about 7.8 is achieved without precipitation of the local anesthetic. The invention also encompasses a stable premixed liquid composition that avoids precipitation of the local anesthetic. | 07-10-2014 |
Mary Catherine Parsons, Chula Vista, CA US
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20120109011 | SAMPLE COLLECTOR WITH ADEQUACY SENSOR - The present invention provides a sample collection device for determining that an adequate amount of sample is collected, the sample collection device including a sample collection member for collecting a fluid sample and at least one electrode, the at least one electrode being in liquid communication with the sample collection member and including a processor. In one embodiment, the sample collection member includes a groove structure, wherein at least one electrode is located on each side of the groove. | 05-03-2012 |
20120276653 | Detection Device and Method of Using the Same - A detection device ( | 11-01-2012 |
Scott Parsons, San Francisco, CA US
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20130086482 | DISPLAYING PLURALITY OF CONTENT ITEMS IN WINDOW - A web server computer comprises a memory configured to store a plurality of content items, each content item having tags representing the subject matter of the content items. A processing circuit is configured to receive a request from a user for a resource locator associated with a first content item, transmit the first content item to the user for display in a window containing the first content item, identify at least one tag associated with the first content item, search the database using the at least one tag to identify a second content item, and transmit the second content item to the user for display within the same window as the first content item. | 04-04-2013 |
20130086511 | DISPLAYING PLURALITY OF CONTENT ITEMS IN WINDOW - A web server computer comprises a memory configured to store a plurality of content items, each content item having tags representing the subject matter of the content items. A processing circuit is configured to receive a request from a user for a resource locator associated with a first content item, transmit the first content item to the user for display in a window containing the first content item, identify at least one tag associated with the first content item, search the database using the at least one tag to identify a second content item, and transmit the second content item to the user for display within the same window as the first content item. | 04-04-2013 |
Stanley M. Parsons, Santa Barbara, CA US
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20110311447 | Compounds comprising 4-benzoylpiperidine as a Sigma-1-selective ligand - Bipiperidinyl compounds and salts thereof are disclosed. The compounds include high affinity ligands for σ | 12-22-2011 |
Thomas Parsons, Mountain View, CA US
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20150096021 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR METADATA DRIVEN TESTING OF MALWARE SIGNATURES - Techniques are disclosed for evaluating the effectiveness of a malware signature. A query tool translates a markup language malware signature definition into a database query. The query is then executed against a database of application features to identify software packages that the signature would identify as malware. The results of the query are compared with threat information stored in the database and classified as being true/false positives and true/false negatives. | 04-02-2015 |
Thomas D. Parsons, Pasadena, CA US
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20090106043 | Method and system for identifying people who are likely to have a successful relationship - The functions and operations of a matching service are disclosed. This includes approximating the satisfaction that a user of the matching service has in the relationships that the user forms with others and identifying candidates for a relationship with the user based on the approximated satisfaction. This also includes approximating the satisfaction that the user will have in a relationship with a particular candidate. The matching service also identifies two parties for a relationship. The matching service makes available a plurality of communication levels at which the parties can communicate. Each communication level allows the parties to exchange information in a different format. The parties are permitted to exchange information at one of the communication levels. | 04-23-2009 |
20140180942 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR IDENTIFYING PEOPLE WHO ARE LIKELY TO HAVE A SUCCESSFUL RELATIONSHIP - The functions and operations of a matching service are disclosed. This includes approximating the satisfaction that a user of the matching service has in the relationships that the user forms with others and identifying candidates for a relationship with the user based on the approximated satisfaction. This also includes approximating the satisfaction that the user will have in a relationship with a particular candidate. The matching service also identifies two parties for a relationship. The matching service makes available a plurality of communication levels at which the parties can communicate. Each communication level allows the parties to exchange information in a different format. The parties are permitted to exchange information at one of the communication levels. | 06-26-2014 |
Thomas Frederick Parsons, Oakland, CA US
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20150023960 | Compositions and Methods of Use for Treating Metabolic Disorders - Methods of treating individuals with a glucose metabolism disorder and/or a body weight disorder, and compositions associated therewith, are provided. | 01-22-2015 |
Tim Parsons, Napa, CA US
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20150052797 | COLLAPSIBLE WATERFOWL FLAG - A collapsible waterfowl flag comprises a framework including a shaft, a runner, a pair of arms pivotally attached to the top end of the shaft, a pair of support bars pivotally attached to and extending between the runner and each of the pair of arms, a flexible panel having a body portion attached to and extending along the shaft and two wing portions attached to the pair of arms and extending from opposite sides of the body portion, the framework movable between collapsed and open configurations by moving the runner relative to the shaft between first and second positions, the framework and panel gathered around the shaft in the collapsed configuration, and the arms and support bars extended perpendicularly from the shaft in the open configuration thereby deploying the panel in a substantially planar disposition resembling a flying waterfowl. | 02-26-2015 |
Timothy Parsons, Novato, CA US
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20110126873 | HUNTING BLIND HAVING A CAMOUFLAGING SLOPED PROFILE - A skirt for a lay-down type hunting blind of the type having a shell for enclosing an occupant in a recumbent position. The skirt comprises at least one panel having a proximate edge and a distal edge. The proximate edge of the skirt attaches to the top perimeter edge of the shell. The skirt's distal edge is securable to a ground surface such that the skirt may be extended outwardly from the top perimeter edge of the shell to a ground surface at a slope sufficiently gradual to minimize shadows and blend more naturally into outdoor environments. | 06-02-2011 |
20130291916 | FLAP DOOR HAVING A SOFT HINGE FOR A HUNTING BLIND - A flap door having a soft hinge for a lay-down hunting blind comprises a fabric door frame cover, a door frame receiving pocket formed in the door frame cover, a door frame enclosed within the door frame receiving pocket supporting the door frame cover in planar configuration, the door frame having interconnected U-shaped head end and toe end support members having curved head end and toe end hinge corners supported on the framework of the hunting blind's enclosure, a hinge end of the door frame cover attached to one of two opposing lateral edges of the top opening of the fabric enclosure of the blind without any direct mechanical interconnection between the door frame and the support framework of the enclosure such that a pair of flap doors may be moved between opened and closed configurations over the top opening. | 11-07-2013 |
Timothy Parsons, Napa, CA US
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20160050907 | PORTABLE LAY-DOWN BLIND INCLUDING GURNEY-STYLE SEAT - A portable lay-down blind including a gurney-style seat comprises a framework supporting a covering which forms an enclosure sized for accommodating an occupant, the covering having a top opening providing access to the enclosure, the framework including a seat frame having lateral support arms extending from the head end to the toe end of the framework, the gurney-style seat suspended from the lateral support arms and capable of supporting the weight of the occupant in a position elevated above a support surface; one embodiment the seat frame including a transversely extending bottom brace for reinforcing the lateral support arms. | 02-25-2016 |
Todd Parsons, San Francisco, CA US
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20090119173 | System and Method For Advertisement Targeting of Conversations in Social Media - Conversations in an online content universe are monitored. A conversation index is generated in social media. An individual conversation is defined by user-selectable input terms. Publishers that influence a conversation are identified. The system generates an influence ranking of site's that influence a particular conversation. The system permits ads to be placed on sites based on the sites influence on the conversation. The system can be updated to permit ads to be targeted based on current influence rankings. The influence ranking is used to perform online advertising targeting and placement. Additional marketing filters, such as demographics, historical performance, and return on investment, may be used to adjust an initial influence ranking based. The ad placement may also be expanded to include related conversations, inlinking sites, and/or outlinking sites. | 05-07-2009 |
20140297403 | Social Analytics System and Method for Analyzing Conversations in Social Media - Conversations in an online content universe are monitored. A social analysis module analyzes individual conversations between publishers in the online content universe. Publishers that influence a conversation are identified. | 10-02-2014 |
Todd A. Parsons, San Francisco, CA US
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20100070485 | Social Analytics System and Method For Analyzing Conversations in Social Media - Conversations in an online content universe are monitored. A social analysis module analyzes individual conversations between publishers in the online content universe. Publishers that influence a conversation are identified. | 03-18-2010 |
Vincent L. Parsons, San Jose, CA US
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20140115529 | DISPLAYING INFORMATION HAVING HEADERS OR LABELS ON A DISPLAY DEVICE DISPLAY PANE - Computer-implemented methods, apparatus, and systems implementing techniques for displaying labels included in a body of content are presented. Part of a portion of a body of content is displayed in a display area. The body of content includes a label for the portion, and the label has a normal position adjacent to and not overlapping the portion in the body of content. The label is displayed in the display area in the normal position if doing so places the label fully within the display area. The label is displayed at a separate location only if displaying the label in the normal position does not place the label fully within the display area and only while any non-trivial part of the portion is displayed in the display area. | 04-24-2014 |
20140181648 | DISPLAYING INFORMATION HAVING HEADERS OR LABELS ON A DISPLAY DEVICE DISPLAY PANE - Computer-implemented methods, apparatus, and systems implementing techniques for displaying labels included in a body of content are presented. Part of a portion of a body of content is displayed in a display area. The body of content includes a label for the portion, and the label has a normal position adjacent to and not overlapping the portion in the body of content. The label is displayed in the display area in the normal position if doing so places the label fully within the display area. The label is displayed at a separate location only if displaying the label in the normal position does not place the label fully within the display area and only while any non-trivial part of the portion is displayed in the display area | 06-26-2014 |
20140181732 | DISPLAYING INFORMATION HAVING HEADERS OR LABELS ON A DISPLAY DEVICE DISPLAY PANE - Computer-implemented methods, apparatus, and systems implementing techniques for displaying labels included in a body of content are presented. Part of a portion of a body of content is displayed in a display area. The body of content includes a label for the portion, and the label has a normal position adjacent to and not overlapping the portion in the body of content. The label is displayed in the display area in the normal position if doing so places the label fully within the display area. The label is displayed at a separate location only if displaying the label in the normal position does not place the label fully within the display area and only while any non-trivial part of the portion is displayed in the display area. | 06-26-2014 |
Xuejun H. Parsons, San Diego, CA US
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20140193380 | Technologies, Methods, and Products of Small Molecule Directed Tissue and Organ Regeneration from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells - Pluripotent human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) hold great potential for restoring tissue and organ function, which has been hindered by inefficiency and instability of generating desired cell types through multi-lineage differentiation. This instant invention is based on the discovery that pluripotent hESCs maintained under defined culture conditions can be uniformly converted into a specific lineage by small molecule induction. Retinoic acid induces specification of neuroectoderm direct from the pluripotent state of hESCs and triggers progression to neuronal progenitors and neurons efficiently. Similarly, nicotinamide induces specification of cardiomesoderm direct from the pluripotent state of hESCs and triggers progression to cardiac precursors and cardiomyocytes efficiently. This technology provides a large supply of clinically-suitable human neuronal or cardiac therapeutic products for CNS or myocardium repair. This invention enables well-controlled efficient induction of pluripotent hESCs exclusively to a specific clinically-relevant lineage for tissue and organ engineering and regeneration, cell-based therapy, and drug discovery. | 07-10-2014 |
20160115446 | Technologies, Methods, and Products of Small Molecule Directed Tissue and Organ Regeneration from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells - Pluripotent human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) hold great potential for restoring tissue and organ function, which has been hindered by inefficiency and instability of generating desired cell types through multi-lineage differentiation. This instant invention is based on the discovery that pluripotent hESCs maintained under defined culture conditions can be uniformly converted into a specific lineage by small molecule induction. Retinoic acid induces specification of neuroectoderm direct from the pluripotent state of hESCs and triggers progression to neuronal progenitors and neurons efficiently. Similarly, nicotinamide induces specification of cardiomesoderm direct from the pluripotent state of hESCs and triggers progression to cardiac precursors and cardiomyocytes efficiently. This technology provides a large supply of clinically-suitable human neuronal or cardiac therapeutic products for CNS or myocardium repair. This invention enables well-controlled efficient induction of pluripotent hESCs exclusively to a specific clinically-relevant lineage for tissue and organ engineering and regeneration, cell-based therapy, and drug discovery. | 04-28-2016 |
Xuejun Huang Parsons, San Diego, CA US
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20080241919 | Defined media for pluripotent stem cell culture - Stem cells, including mammalian, and particularly primate primordial stem cells (pPSCs) such as human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), hold great promise for restoring cell, tissue, and organ function. However, cultivation of stem cells, particularly undifferentiated hESCs, in serum-free, feeder-free, and conditioned-medium-free conditions remains crucial for large-scale, uniform production of pluripotent cells for cell-based therapies, as well as for controlling conditions for efficiently directing their lineage-specific differentiation. This instant invention is based on the discovery of the formulation of minimal essential components necessary for maintaining the long-term growth of pPSCs, particularly undifferentiated hESCs. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), insulin, ascorbic acid, and laminin were identified to be both sufficient and necessary for maintaining hESCs in a healthy self-renewing undifferentiated state capable of both prolonged propagation and then directed differentiation. Having discerned these minimal molecular requirements, conditions that would permit the substitution of poorly-characterized and unspecified biological additives and substrates were derived and optimized with entirely defined constituents, providing a “biologics”-free (i.e., animal-, feeder-, serum-, and conditioned-medium-free) system for the efficient long-term cultivation of pPSCs, particularly pluripotent hESCs. Such culture systems allow the derivation and large-scale production of stem cells such as pPSCs, particularly pluripotent hESCs, in optimal yet well-defined biologics-free culture conditions from which they can be efficiently directed towards a lineage-specific differentiated fate in vitro, and thus are important, for instance, in connection with clinical applications based on stem cell therapy and in drug discovery processes. | 10-02-2008 |
20120301437 | Technologies, Methods, and Products of Small Molecule Directed Tissue and Organ Regeneration from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells - Pluripotent human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) hold great potential for restoring tissue and organ function, which has been hindered by inefficiency and instability of generating desired cell types through multi-lineage differentiation. This instant invention is based on the discovery that pluripotent hESCs maintained under defined culture conditions can be uniformly converted into a specific lineage by small molecule induction. Retinoic acid induces specification of neuroectoderm direct from the pluripotent state of hESCs and triggers progression to neuronal progenitors and neurons efficiently. Similarly, nicotinamide induces specification of cardiomesoderm direct from the pluripotent state of hESCs and triggers progression to cardiac precursors and cardiomyocytes efficiently. This technology provides a large supply of clinically-suitable human neuronal or cardiac therapeutic products for CNS or myocardium repair. This invention enables well-controlled efficient induction of pluripotent hESCs exclusively to a specific clinically-relevant lineage for tissue and organ engineering and regeneration, cell-based therapy, and drug discovery. | 11-29-2012 |