Patent application number | Description | Published |
20080271570 | METHOD TO PREPARE NANOPARTICLES SUSPENSION IN IONIC LIQUIDS - A method to preparing suspensions of metal or metal alloy nanoparticles in an ionic liquid involves the physical vapor deposition of a metal or a mixture of metals onto an ionic liquid. The method can be modified by the introduction of a reagent during or after formation of the suspension to yield nanoparticles of a metal salt. The nanoparticles can be isolated from the suspension by the thermal decomposition of the ionic liquid under conditions where the decomposition products are gaseous. | 11-06-2008 |
20080274344 | METHOD TO PREPARE NANOPARTICLES ON POROUS MEDIUMS - A method to prepare porous medium decorated with nanoparticles involves contacting a suspension of nanoparticles in an ionic liquid with a porous medium such that the particles diffuse into the pores of the medium followed by heating the resulting composition to a temperature equal to or greater than the thermal decomposition temperature of the ionic liquid resulting in the removal of the liquid portion of the suspension. The nanoparticles can be a metal, an alloy, or a metal compound. The resulting compositions can be used as catalysts, sensors, or separators. | 11-06-2008 |
20090044606 | Robust Carbon Monolith Having Hierarchical Porosity - A carbon monolith includes a robust carbon monolith characterized by a skeleton size of at least 100 nm, and a hierarchical pore structure having macropores and mesopores. | 02-19-2009 |
20100297389 | MESOPOROUS CARBON MATERIALS - The invention is directed to a method for fabricating a mesoporous carbon material, the method comprising subjecting a precursor composition to a curing step followed by a carbonization step, the precursor composition comprising: (i) a templating component comprised of a block copolymer, (ii) a phenolic compound or material, (iii) a crosslinkable aldehyde component, and (iv) at least 0.5 M concentration of a strong acid having a pKa of or less than −2, wherein said carbonization step comprises heating the precursor composition at a carbonizing temperature for sufficient time to convert the precursor composition to a mesoporous carbon material. The invention is also directed to a mesoporous carbon material having an improved thermal stability, preferably produced according to the above method. | 11-25-2010 |
20110015461 | Ionic Liquids for Separation of Olefin-Paraffin Mixtures - The invention is directed to an ionic liquid comprising (i) a cationic portion containing a complex of a silver (I) ion and one or more neutral ligands selected from organoamides, organoamines, olefins, and organonitriles, and (ii) an anionic portion having the chemical formula | 01-20-2011 |
20110095231 | LITHIUM-LOADED LIQUID SCINTILLATORS - The invention is directed to a liquid scintillating composition containing (i) one or more non-polar organic solvents; (ii) (lithium-6)-containing nanoparticles having a size of up to 10 nm and surface-capped by hydrophobic molecules; and (iii) one or more fluorophores. The invention is also directed to a liquid scintillator containing the above composition. | 04-28-2011 |
20110140296 | ROBUST CARBON MONOLITH HAVING HIERARCHICAL POROSITY - A carbon monolith includes a robust carbon monolith characterized by a skeleton size of at least 100 nm, and a hierarchical pore structure having macropores and mesopores | 06-16-2011 |
20110177428 | Superbase-Derived Protic Ionic Liquids - Protic ionic liquids having a composition of formula (A | 07-21-2011 |
20110229401 | Carbon Films Produced from Ionic Liquid Carbon Precursors - The invention is directed to a method for producing a film of porous carbon, the method comprising carbonizing a film of an ionic liquid, wherein the ionic liquid has the general formula (X | 09-22-2011 |
20120082904 | HIGH ENERGY DENSITY ALUMINUM BATTERY - Compositions and methods of making are provided for a high energy density aluminum battery. The battery comprises an anode comprising aluminum metal. The battery further comprises a cathode comprising a material capable of intercalating aluminum ions during a discharge cycle and deintercalating the aluminum ions during a charge cycle. The battery further comprises an electrolyte capable of supporting reversible deposition and stripping of aluminum at the anode, and reversible intercalation and deintercalation of aluminum at the cathode. | 04-05-2012 |
20120082905 | HIGH ENERGY DENSITY ALUMINUM BATTERY - Compositions and methods of making are provided for a high energy density aluminum battery. The battery comprises an anode comprising aluminum metal. The battery further comprises a cathode comprising a material capable of intercalating aluminum or lithium ions during a discharge cycle and deintercalating the aluminum or lithium ions during a charge cycle. The battery further comprises an electrolyte capable of supporting reversible deposition and stripping of aluminum at the anode, and reversible intercalation and deintercalation of aluminum or lithium at the cathode. | 04-05-2012 |
20120094192 | COMPOSITE NANOWIRE COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS OF SYNTHESIS - Nanowire array compositions in which nanowires containing at least one Group IV metal (e.g., Si or Ge) in a single layer or core-shell nanowire structure, wherein, in particular embodiments, the nanowires have a transition metal core and/or are surrounded by or embedded within a metal oxide or metal oxide-ionic liquid ordered host material. The nanowire compositions are incorporated into the anodes of lithium ion batteries. Methods of preparing the nanowire compositions, particularly by low temperature methods, are also described. | 04-19-2012 |
20120121498 | MESOPOROUS CARBON MATERIALS - The invention is directed to a method for fabricating a mesoporous carbon material, the method comprising subjecting a precursor composition to a curing step followed by a carbonization step, the precursor composition comprising: (i) a templating component comprised of a block copolymer, (ii) a phenolic compound or material, (iii) a crosslinkable aldehyde component, and (iv) at least 0.5 M concentration of a strong acid having a pKa of or less than −2, wherein said carbonization step comprises heating the precursor composition at a carbonizing temperature for sufficient time to convert the precursor composition to a mesoporous carbon material. The invention is also directed to a mesoporous carbon material having an improved thermal stability, preferably produced according to the above method. | 05-17-2012 |
20120175266 | METHOD FOR SYNTHESIS OF TITANIUM DIOXIDE NANOTUBES USING IONIC LIQUIDS - The invention is directed to a method for producing titanium dioxide nanotubes, the method comprising anodizing titanium metal in contact with an electrolytic medium containing an ionic liquid. The invention is also directed to the resulting titanium dioxide nanotubes, as well as devices incorporating the nanotubes, such as photovoltaic devices, hydrogen generation devices, and hydrogen detection devices. | 07-12-2012 |
20120234695 | CARBON COMPOSITION WITH HIERARCHICAL POROSITY, AND METHODS OF PREPARATION - A method for fabricating a porous carbon material possessing a hierarchical porosity, the method comprising subjecting a precursor composition to a curing step followed by a carbonization step, the precursor composition comprising: (i) a templating component comprised of a block copolymer, (ii) a phenolic component, (iii) a dione component in which carbonyl groups are adjacent, and (iv) an acidic component, wherein said carbonization step comprises heating the precursor composition at a carbonizing temperature for sufficient time to convert the precursor composition to a carbon material possessing a hierarchical porosity comprised of mesopores and macropores. Also described are the resulting hierarchical porous carbon material, a capacitive deionization device in which the porous carbon material is incorporated, as well as methods for desalinating water by use of said capacitive deionization device. | 09-20-2012 |
20130071659 | FIBER-BASED ADSORBENTS HAVING HIGH ADSORPTION CAPACITIES FOR RECOVERING DISSOLVED METALS AND METHODS THEREOF - A fiber-based adsorbent and a related method of manufacture are provided. The fiber-based adsorbent includes polymer fibers with grafted side chains and an increased surface area per unit weight over known fibers to increase the adsorption of dissolved metals, for example uranium, from aqueous solutions. The polymer fibers include a circular morphology in some embodiments, having a mean diameter of less than 15 microns, optionally less than about 1 micron. In other embodiments, the polymer fibers include a non-circular morphology, optionally defining multiple gear-shaped, winged-shaped or lobe-shaped projections along the length of the polymer fibers. A method for forming the fiber-based adsorbents includes irradiating high surface area polymer fibers, grafting with polymerizable reactive monomers, reacting the grafted fibers with hydroxylamine, and conditioning with an alkaline solution. High surface area fiber-based adsorbents formed according to the present method demonstrated a significantly improved uranium adsorption capacity per unit weight over existing adsorbents. | 03-21-2013 |
20130078170 | PHOSPHONIUM-BASED IONIC LIQUIDS AND THEIR USE IN THE CAPTURE OF POLLUTING GASES - An ionic liquid composition having the following chemical structural formula: | 03-28-2013 |
20130081679 | MULTIJUNCTION HYBRID SOLAR CELL INCORPORATING VERTICALLY-ALIGNED SILICON NANOWIRES WITH THIN FILMS - A low-cost method is provided for forming a photovoltaic device, which is a high-performance nanostructured multijunction cell. The multiple P-N junctions or P-I-N junctions are contiguously joined to form a single contiguous P-N junction or a single contiguous P-I-N junction. The photovoltaic device integrates vertically-aligned semiconductor nanowires including a doped semiconductor material with a thin silicon layer having an opposite type of doping. This novel hybrid cell can provide a higher efficiency than conventional photovoltaic devices through the combination of the enhanced photon absorptance, reduced contact resistance, and short carrier transport paths in the nanowires. Room temperature processes or low temperature processes such as plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) and electrochemical processes can be employed for fabrication of this photovoltaic device in a low-cost, scalable, and energy-efficient manner. | 04-04-2013 |
20130129920 | ROBUST CARBON MONOLITH HAVING HIERARCHICAL POROSITY - A carbon monolith includes a robust carbon monolith characterized by a skeleton size of at least 100 nm, and a hierarchical pore structure having macropores and mesopores. | 05-23-2013 |
20130174968 | HIGH QUALITY LARGE SCALE SINGLE AND MULTILAYER GRAPHENE PRODUCTION BY CHEMICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION - Systems and methods for synthesizing continuous graphene sheets are provided. The systems and methods include passing a catalyst substrate through a heated chemical vapor deposition chamber and exposing the substrate to a reaction gas mixture of hydrogen and hydrocarbon at a preselected location within the chamber. The reaction gas mixture can include hydrogen having a partial pressure of between about 0 Torr and 20 Torr, hydrocarbon having a partial pressure of between about 20 mTorr and about 10 Torr, and one or more buffer gases. The buffer gases can include argon or other noble gases to maintain atmospheric pressure within the chemical deposition chamber. The resulting graphene can be made with continuous mono and multilayers (up to six layers) and have single crystalline hexagonal grains with a preselected nucleation density and domain size for a range of applications. | 07-11-2013 |
20130183511 | MESOPOROUS CARBON MATERIALS - A conductive mesoporous carbon composite comprising conductive carbon nanoparticles contained within a mesoporous carbon matrix, wherein the conductive mesoporous carbon composite possesses at least a portion of mesopores having a pore size of at least 10 nm and up to 50 nm, and wherein the mesopores are either within the mesoporous carbon matrix, or are spacings delineated by surfaces of said conductive carbon nanoparticles when said conductive carbon nanoparticles are fused with each other, or both. Methods for producing the above-described composite, devices incorporating them (e.g., lithium batteries), and methods of using them, are also described. | 07-18-2013 |
20130280151 | IONIC LIQUID-FUNCTIONALIZED MESOPOROUS SORBENTS AND THEIR USE IN THE CAPTURE OF POLLUTING GASES - A composite structure for capturing a gaseous electrophilic species, the composite structure comprising mesoporous refractory sorbent particles on which an ionic liquid is covalently attached, wherein said ionic liquid includes an accessible functional group that is capable of binding to said gaseous electrophilic species. In particular embodiments, the mesoporous sorbent particles are contained within refractory hollow fibers. Also described is a method for capturing a gaseous electrophilic species by use of the above-described composite structure, wherein the gaseous electrophilic species is contacted with the composite structure. In particular embodiments thereof, cooling water is passed through the refractory hollow fibers containing the IL-functionalized sorbent particles in order to facilitate capture of the gaseous electrophilic species, and then steam is passed through the refractory hollow fibers to facilitate release of the gaseous electrophilic species such that the composite structure can be re-used to capture additional gas. | 10-24-2013 |
20130338389 | IONIC LIQUIDS FOR SEPARATION OF OLEFIN-PARAFFIN MIXTURES - The invention is directed to an ionic liquid comprising (i) a cationic portion containing a complex of a silver (I) ion and one or more neutral ligands selected from organoamides, organoamines, olefins, and organonitriles, and (ii) an anionic portion having the chemical formula | 12-19-2013 |
20140030182 | CARBON FILMS PRODUCED FROM IONIC LIQUID CARBON PRECURSORS - The invention is directed to a method for producing a film of porous carbon, the method comprising carbonizing a film of an ionic liquid, wherein the ionic liquid has the general formula (X | 01-30-2014 |
20140072485 | METHODS FOR SEPARATING MEDICAL ISOTOPES USING IONIC LIQUIDS - A method for extracting a radioisotope from an aqueous solution, the method comprising: a) intimately mixing a non-chelating ionic liquid with the aqueous solution to transfer at least a portion of said radioisotope to said non-chelating ionic liquid; and b) separating the non-chelating ionic liquid from the aqueous solution. In preferred embodiments, the method achieves an extraction efficiency of at least 80%, or a separation factor of at least 1×10 | 03-13-2014 |
20140099559 | COATING COMPOSITIONS FOR ELECTRODE COMPOSITIONS AND THEIR METHODS OF MAKING - Compositions and methods of making are provided for coated electrodes and batteries comprising the same. The compositions may comprise a base composition having an active material selected from the group consisting of LiCoO | 04-10-2014 |
20140113202 | ELECTROLYTE COMPOSITIONS FOR LITHIUM ION BATTERIES - The invention is directed in a first aspect to an ionic liquid of the general formula Y | 04-24-2014 |
20140141328 | NITROGEN-SULFUR-CARBON NANOCOMPOSITES AND THEIR APPLICATION AS CATHODE MATERIALS IN LITHIUM-SULFUR BATTERIES - The invention is directed in a first aspect to electron-conducting porous compositions comprising an organic polymer matrix doped with nitrogen atoms and having elemental sulfur dispersed therein, particularly such compositions having an ordered framework structure. The invention is also directed to composites of such S/N-doped electron-conducting porous aromatic framework (PAF) compositions, or composites of an S/N-doped mesoporous carbon composition, which includes the S/N-doped composition in admixture with a binder, and optionally, conductive carbon. The invention is further directed to cathodes for a lithium-sulfur battery in which such composites are incorporated. | 05-22-2014 |
20140206532 | FIBER-BASED ADSORBENTS HAVING HIGH ADSORPTION CAPACITIES FOR RECOVERING DISSOLVED METALS AND METHODS THEREOF - A fiber-based adsorbent and a related method of manufacture are provided. The fiber-based adsorbent includes polymer fibers with grafted side chains and an increased surface area per unit weight over known fibers to increase the adsorption of dissolved metals, for example uranium, from aqueous solutions. The polymer fibers include a circular morphology in some embodiments, having a mean diameter of less than 15 microns, optionally less than about 1 micron. In other embodiments, the polymer fibers include a non-circular morphology, optionally defining multiple gear-shaped, winged-shaped or lobe-shaped projections along the length of the polymer fibers. A method for forming the fiber-based adsorbents includes irradiating high surface area polymer fibers, grafting with polymerizable reactive monomers, reacting the grafted fibers with hydroxylamine, and conditioning with an alkaline solution. High surface area fiber-based adsorbents formed according to the present method demonstrated a significantly improved uranium adsorption capacity per unit weight over existing adsorbents. | 07-24-2014 |
20140206782 | FOAM-BASED AND POWDER-BASED ADSORBENTS HAVING HIGH ADSORPTION CAPACITIES FOR RECOVERING DISSOLVED METALS AND METHODS THEREOF - Foam-based and powder-based adsorbents and a related method of manufacture are provided. The foam-based and powder-based adsorbents includes polymer foam or powder with grafted side chains and an increased surface area per unit weight to increase the adsorption of dissolved metals, for example uranium, from aqueous solutions. A method for forming the foam-based or powder-based adsorbents includes irradiating polymer foam or powder, grafting with polymerizable reactive monomers, reacting with hydroxylamine, and conditioning with an alkaline solution. Foam-based and powder-based adsorbents formed according to the present method demonstrated a significantly improved uranium adsorption capacity per unit weight over existing adsorbents. | 07-24-2014 |
20140294701 | SURFACE-FUNCTIONALIZED MESOPOROUS CARBON MATERIALS - A functionalized mesoporous carbon composition comprising a mesoporous carbon scaffold having mesopores in which polyvinyl polymer grafts are covalently attached, wherein said mesopores have a size of at least 2 nm and up to 50 nm. Also described is a method for producing the functionalized mesoporous composition, wherein a reaction medium comprising a precursor mesoporous carbon, vinyl monomer, initiator, and solvent is subjected to sonication of sufficient power to result in grafting and polymerization of the vinyl monomer into mesopores of the precursor mesoporous carbon. Also described are methods for using the functionalized mesoporous carbon, particularly in extracting metal ions from metal-containing solutions. | 10-02-2014 |
20150047983 | CARBON COMPOSITION WITH HIERARCHICAL POROSITY, AND METHODS OF PREPARATION - A method for fabricating a porous carbon material possessing a hierarchical porosity, the method comprising subjecting a precursor composition to a curing step followed by a carbonization step, the precursor composition comprising: (i) a templating component comprised of a block copolymer, (ii) a phenolic component, (iii) a dione component in which carbonyl groups are adjacent, and (iv) an acidic component, wherein said carbonization step comprises heating the precursor composition at a carbonizing temperature for sufficient time to convert the precursor composition to a carbon material possessing a hierarchical porosity comprised of mesopores and macropores. Also described are the resulting hierarchical porous carbon material, a capacitive deionization device in which the porous carbon material is incorporated, as well as methods for desalinating water by use of said capacitive deionization device. | 02-19-2015 |
20150056499 | ALKOXIDE-BASED MAGNESIUM ELECTROLYTE COMPOSITIONS FOR MAGNESIUM BATTERIES - Alkoxide magnesium halide compounds having the formula: | 02-26-2015 |
20150056514 | NANOPOROUS TITANIUM NIOBIUM OXIDE AND TITANIUM TANTALUM OXIDE COMPOSITIONS AND THEIR USE IN ANODES OF LITHIUM ION BATTERIES - Nanoporous metal oxide framework compositions useful as anodic materials in a lithium ion battery, the composition comprising metal oxide nanocrystals interconnected in a nanoporous framework and having interconnected channels, wherein the metal in said metal oxide comprises titanium and at least one metal selected from niobium and tantalum, e.g., TiNb | 02-26-2015 |
20150087848 | ACID-FUNCTIONALIZED POLYOLEFIN MATERIALS AND THEIR USE IN ACID-PROMOTED CHEMICAL REACTIONS - An acid-functionalized polyolefin material that can be used as an acid catalyst in a wide range of acid-promoted chemical reactions, wherein the acid-functionalized polyolefin material includes a polyolefin backbone on which acid groups are appended. Also described is a method for the preparation of the acid catalyst in which a precursor polyolefin is subjected to ionizing radiation (e.g., electron beam irradiation) of sufficient power and the irradiated precursor polyolefin reacted with at least one vinyl monomer having an acid group thereon. Further described is a method for conducting an acid-promoted chemical reaction, wherein an acid-reactive organic precursor is contacted in liquid form with a solid heterogeneous acid catalyst comprising a polyolefin backbone of at least 1 micron in one dimension and having carboxylic acid groups and either sulfonic acid or phosphonic acid groups appended thereto. | 03-26-2015 |