Patent application number | Description | Published |
20100190868 | PHOTOCHROMIC AND ELECTROCHROMIC COMPOUNDS AND SYNTHESIS AND USE THEREOF - Novel photochromic and electrochromic hexadiene compounds are described. The compounds are reversibly convertible between ring-open and ring-closed isomeric forms as indicated in structures I(o) and I(c) below. (See formula in original abstract of application) The conversion between the different isomeric forms may be induced by light or electricity. In one embodiment the compounds may include a charge transfer moiety including electron donor and acceptor groups. The electron donor and acceptor are linearly conjugated in the ring-open form to enable electron transfer but are electrically insulated in the ring-closed form. Methods for synthesizing the compounds from photochemically and/or electrically inert precursors are also described. For example, the photoresponsive compounds may be synthesized by reacting diene precursors with dienophiles in a condensation reaction. The compounds may be utilized in reactivity-gated photochromic or electrochromic applications. In one embodiment of the invention, compounds of the invention may be used in a method to selectively release a releasable agent, such as a small molecule. According to this method, a photochemically inert precursor compound is reacted with the releasable agent to form a carrier compound comprising a switching moiety, the switching moiety being reversibly convertible between a thermally unstable form and a thermally stable form. The switching moiety may be selectively converted between the first and second forms to cause controlled release of the releasable agent from the carrier compound. | 07-29-2010 |
20100315693 | VARIABLE TRANSMITTANCE OPTICAL FILTER AND USES THEREOF - Variable transmittance optical filters capable of transitioning from a light state to a dark state on exposure to UV radiation and from a dark state to a light state with application of an electric voltage are provided. The optical filters comprise a switching material that comprises one or more chromophores that have electrochromic and photochromic properties. | 12-16-2010 |
20110003966 | PHOTOCHROMIC AND ELETROCHROMIC COMPOUNDS AND METHODS OF SYNTHESIZING AND USING SAME - This invention relates to novel photochromic and electrochromic monomers and polymers based on 1,2-dithienylcyclopentene derivatives and method of using and synthesizing same. The compounds are reversibly interconvertible between different isomeric forms under suitable photochromic or electrochromic conditions. The electrochromic conversion may be catalytic. The application also relates to ultra-high density homopolymers prepared using ring-opening methathesis polymerization (ROMP) where the central ring of the 1,2-bis(3-thienyl)-cyclopentene is incorporated directly into the polymer backbone. The monomer units may be readily functionalized to enable the synthesis of polymers with diverse structural and electronic properties. The compounds have many potential applications including high-density optical information storage systems, photoregulated molecular switches, reversible holographic systems, ophthalmic lenses, actinometry and molecular sensors, photochromic inks, paints and fibers and optoelectronic systems such as optical waveguides, Bragg reflectors and dielectric mirrors. | 01-06-2011 |
20120044560 | VARIABLE TRANSMITTANCE OPTICAL FILTER AND USES THEREOF - Variable transmittance optical filters capable of transitioning from a light state to a dark state on exposure to UV radiation and from a dark state to a light state with application of an electric voltage are provided. The optical filters comprise a switching material that comprises one or more chromophores that have electrochromic and photochromic properties. | 02-23-2012 |
20130208333 | VARIABLE TRANSMITTANCE OPTICAL FILTER AND USES THEREOF - Variable transmittance optical filters capable of transitioning from a light state to a dark state on exposure to UV radiation and from a dark state to a light state with application of an electric voltage are provided. The optical filters comprise a switching material that comprises one or more chromophores that have electrochromic and photochromic properties. | 08-15-2013 |
20130250392 | VARIABLE TRANSMITTANCE OPTICAL FILTER AND USES THEREOF - Variable transmittance optical filters capable of transitioning from a light state to a dark state on exposure to UV radiation and from a dark state to a light state with application of an electric voltage are provided. The optical filters comprise a switching material that comprises one or more chromophores that have electrochromic and photochromic properties. | 09-26-2013 |
20140354940 | VARIABLE TRANSMITTANCE OPTICAL FILTER AND USES THEREOF - Variable transmittance optical filters capable of transitioning from a light state to a dark state on exposure to UV radiation and from a dark state to a light state with application of an electric voltage are provided. The optical filters comprise a switching material that comprises one or more chromophores that have electrochromic and photochromic properties. | 12-04-2014 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20130271811 | VARIABLE TRANSMITTANCE OPTICAL FILTER WITH SUBSTANTIALLY CO-PLANAR ELECTRODE SYSTEM - A variable transmittance optical filter comprising: a first layer comprising a first substantially transparent substrate with a substantially co-planar (SC) electrode system disposed thereon, the SC electrode system made of transparent electrically conductive material and comprising at least one pair of electrically separate electrodes arranged in a substantially co-planar manner on the first substantially transparent substrate, each pair of electrically separate electrodes comprising a first electrode and a second electrode, a second layer proximate to the first layer and comprising a transition material that darkens in response to a non-electrical stimulus and lightens in response to application of an electric voltage; and an electrical connection system for electrically connecting the SC electrode system to a source of electric voltage. | 10-17-2013 |
20130278989 | VARIABLE TRANSMITTANCE OPTICAL DEVICES - A self-powered variable transmittance optical device, such as a smart window or other device, and associated method are provided. The device comprises one or more transparent substrates, with a switching material disposed thereon or therebetween. The switching material may be a hybrid photochromic/electrochromic material capable of transitioning from a first transmittance state to a second transmittance state with application of electricity, and from second state to first state due to another stimulus, such as UV radiation. Electrodes are coupled to the switching material for applying electricity. An electrical system provides for controllable application of the electricity, and may store energy. Energy is provided by an energy-harvesting power source such as a solar cell or other photovoltaic source, or array thereof, or another device for harvesting vibrational or thermal energy. Energy harvesting, energy storage capacity and/or switching material may be configured to provide at least a predetermined level of device operability. | 10-24-2013 |
20140256936 | DIARYLETHENE COMPOUNDS AND USES THEREOF - A compound according to Formula IA and IB, reversibly convertible under photochromic and electrochromic conditions between a ring-open isomer A and a ring-closed isomer B is provided. For substitutent groups, Z is N, O or S; each R | 09-11-2014 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20150036204 | OPTICAL FILTER WITH LIGHT SOURCE - An apparatus comprising a switchable optical filter comprising a layer of switchable material, the switchable material comprising a photochromic/thermochromic, a photochromic/photochromic, or a photochromic/electrochromic compound; a first light source providing light of a wavelength that causes the switchable material to transition from a faded state to a dark state, or a dark state to a faded state; and a switch for controlling activation of the first light source | 02-05-2015 |
20150070743 | SWITCHING MATERIALS, AND COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR MAKING SAME - A switching material comprising one or more than one polymers and an electrolyte comprising a salt and a solvent portion comprising one or more solvents; and one or more compounds having electrochromic and photochromic properties dispersed homogeneously through the switching material; and wherein the switching material is transitionable from a light state to a dark state on exposure to UV light and from a dark state to a light state with application of an electric voltage. | 03-12-2015 |
20150109651 | OPTICAL FILTER COMPRISING A VARIABLE TRANSMITTANCE LAYER - A optical filter comprising a variable transmittance layer having a first spectrum in a dark state, and a second spectrum in a faded state; and a color balancing layer having a third spectrum; each of the first, second and third spectra comprising a visible portion; the first and third spectra combining to provide a dark state spectrum approximating a dark state target color; and the second and third spectra combining to provide a fades state spectrum approximating a faded state target colour. The optical filter may further comprise a light attenuating layer. The optical filter may further comprise part of a laminated glass. | 04-23-2015 |
20150116808 | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING AN OPTICAL FILTER ASSEMBLY - A control system for a variable transmittance optical filter assembly includes a controller in communicatively coupled to a pair of load terminals, and a memory communicatively coupled to the controller and having encoded thereon statements and instructions executable by the controller to transition the optical filter assembly between operating states when coupled to the pair of load terminals. The controller is operable to perform any one or more of: allowing the optical filter assembly to transition to a dark state by shorting the load terminals together, maintaining the optical filter assembly in a hold mode by applying a pulse width modulated voltage signal across the load terminals, and transitioning the optical filter assembly between operative states by applying a voltage signal having voltage pulses of opposite polarities to the load terminals. | 04-30-2015 |
Patent application number | Description | Published |
20090119352 | Method for Optimizing Generational Garbage Collection Through Object Life Heuristics - A method and apparatus to determine if an object should be instantiated in a nursery space or in a long lived space. Information as to real or estimated longevity of an object instantiated from a class is used to cause instantiation in the long lived space if the object instantiated is likely to be relatively long lived. Otherwise, default instantiation is made to a nursery space in which frequent garbage collection is performed to free up space by eliminating objects that are no longer used. | 05-07-2009 |
20090150465 | Object Deallocation System and Method - A method, apparatus and program product deallocate an object from a memory heap in a virtual machine environment by, in part, determining that the object is replaceable using an object reference associated with the object. The object may additionally be automatically determined as being properly removable by using a value indicative of a number of object references associated with the object. Where these conditions are met, the object may be removed from the memory heap. Where a new object can fit into a space within the memory from which the object was removed, the new object may be automatically allocated into the space. The object may be designated as being replaceable using automated or manual processes. A garbage collector algorithm may additionally execute, as needed. | 06-11-2009 |
20090150498 | Identifying a Plurality of Related Electronic Messages and Combining the Plurality of Related Messages Into a Composite View - A program product, an apparatus, and a method that identify a plurality of related electronic messages and combine the plurality of the related electronic messages into a composite view are provided. Also provided is a method that searches a first account of a first user to identify a plurality of related electronic messages stored in the first account and searches a second account of a second user to identify at least one other electronic message that is associated with the plurality. By doing so, a user may be provided with a more complete email chain, often leading to an increase in productivity, improved collaboration, and a reduction of duplicate data. | 06-11-2009 |
20090178049 | Multi-Element Processor Resource Sharing Among Logical Partitions - A method, apparatus, and program product to allocate processor resources to a plurality of logical partitions in a computing device including a plurality of processors, each processor having at least one general purpose processing element and a plurality of synergistic processing elements. General purpose processing element resources and synergistic processing element resources are separately allocated to each logical partition. The synergistic processing element resources to each logical partition are allocated such that each synergistic processing element is assigned to a logical partition exclusively. At least one virtual processor is allocated for each logical partition. The at least one virtual processor may be allocated virtual general purpose processing element resources and virtual synergistic processing element resources that correspond to the general purpose processing element resources and synergistic processing element resources allocated to the logical partition. | 07-09-2009 |
20100083228 | Mapping a Class, Method, Package, and/or Pattern to a Component - A program product, apparatuses, and methods provide for the collection of profile information for a component of a software program by generating a data structure that maps at least one method to a component. The method includes a name, and the data structure maps the method to the component using at least a portion of the name of the method. A class or pattern may also be mapped to a component. Furthermore, during profiling, a statistic associated with the execution of the method is determined; the data structure is accessed using the name of the method to determine the associated component; and the determined statistic is associated with the determined component. By doing so, method level and class level information can be aggregated to improve profiling, often leading to a clearer picture of which components are contributing to the performance and memory footprint of large scale software programs. | 04-01-2010 |