CELANESE INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION Patent applications |
Patent application number | Title | Published |
20160137578 | PROCESSES FOR IMPROVING ACETIC ACID YIELD BY REMOVING IRON - In a process for improving a carbonylation process, iron is removed to maintain an effective Space Time Yield (STY) of the rhodium catalyst of at least 80% of the maximum STY. The process comprises carbonylating methanol in a reactor in a reaction medium comprising water, a rhodium catalyst, methyl iodide and a halide salt, separating a portion of the reaction medium in a flash vessel to form a less volatile stream and a vapor product stream comprising acetic acid, recycling a liquid stream to the reactor, wherein the liquid stream comprises a portion of the less volatile stream and wherein the liquid stream comprises iron, and removing a portion of the iron from the liquid stream to maintain an effective STY of the rhodium catalyst of at least 80% of the maximum STY. | 05-19-2016 |
20160102036 | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING ACETIC ACID - Process for producing acetic acid is disclosed in which the reaction medium is separated into a liquid recycle and a vapor product stream including acetic acid, methyl iodide, methyl acetate and water in a flash vessel. The vapor product stream is condensed into a liquid stream that is enriched in acetic acid and this liquid stream is further sent to the distillation columns to recover acetic acid. The process advantageously improves the capacity of the acetic acid production while reducing the amount of acetic acid that is recycled. | 04-14-2016 |
20150307421 | Hydrogenation Catalysts Comprising a Mixed Oxide Comprising a Promoter Metal - A process is disclosed for producing ethanol, comprising contacting hydrogen and a feed stream comprising acetic acid in a reactor in the presence of a catalyst comprising a binder and a mixed oxide comprising a promoter metal and tin, and preferably also comprising cobalt. The promoter metal is selected from the group consisting of rhenium, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, platinum, and combinations thereof. The feed stream may comprises pure acetic acid or may comprise a mixture of 50 to 95 wt. % acetic acid and 5 to 50 wt. % ethyl acetate. | 10-29-2015 |
20150209762 | Hydrogenation Catalysts with Cobalt and Alkaline-Earth Metal Modified Supports - A process for selective formation of ethanol from acetic acid by hydrogenating acetic acid in the presence of a catalyst comprising a modified support having cobalt and an alkaline earth support modifier. The active metals may include a first metal of palladium, platinum, and combinations thereof and a second metal of copper, iron, nickel, zinc, silver, chromium, tin, and combinations thereof. | 07-30-2015 |
20150148562 | Removal of Aromatics from Carbonylation Process - The invention relates to processes for removing aromatics from the reactants that are fed to a carbonylation reactor. The aromatics are removed using a guard bed that comprises an adsorbent. | 05-28-2015 |
20150133701 | Integrated Steam Methane Reformer and Hydrogenation of Acetic Acid to Produce Ethanol - A process is disclosed for integrating a steam methane reformer to produce hydrogen that is used for converting acetic acid and/or ethyl acetate to ethanol. The process may use a methane-containing stream obtained from a stranded natural gas or associated gas source. The process water from the hydrogenation reaction is used to saturate the methane-containing stream. The process water comprises water and oxygenates, wherein the maximum amount of oxygenates is less than or equal to 10 wt. %. Processes for integrating fuel sources, steam and electricity are also disclosed. | 05-14-2015 |
20150133577 | VINYL ACETATE-ETHYLENE COPOLYMER EMULSION AND PAPER COATING COMPOSITION BASED ON THE SAME - The present invention relates to a vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion and a paper coating composition based on the same. More specifically, the present invention relates to a vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion based paper coating composition with low odor. The present invention also relates to processes for preparing the vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion and the paper coating composition, and uses thereof. | 05-14-2015 |
20140326422 | Integrated Processes for Purifying a Cellulosic Material - A process for converting a starting material to a purified pulp material, comprising removing lignin from a starting material to form a wet pulp comprising at least 5 wt. % water, extracting hemicellulose from the wet pulp with an extractant, and separating the extracted hemicellulose from the extraction mixture to form a cellulosic product comprising less hemicellulose than the wet pulp. The extractant comprises a cellulose solvent and a co-solvent. The cellulosic product advantageously retains its cellulosic fiber morphology. The process involves separating and recovering hemicellulose and separating and recycling various process streams employed in the process. | 11-06-2014 |
20140326421 | Processes for Purifying a Cellulosic Material - A process for treating a cellulosic material comprising extracting the cellulosic material with an extractant to selectively extract hemicellulose therefrom and separating the extracted hemicellulose to form a cellulosic product comprising less hemicellulose than the cellulosic material. The extractant comprises a cellulose solvent and a co-solvent. The cellulosic product advantageously retains its cellulosic fiber morphology. The processes involve separating and recovering the hemicellulose and separating and recycling various process streams employed in the process. | 11-06-2014 |
20140309455 | PRODUCTION OF ACETIC ACID WITH ENHANCED CATALYST STABILITY - Processes for the production of acetic acid by carbonylation of methanol and reactive derivatives thereof in a liquid phase reaction medium, wherein the reaction medium comprises a finite amount of water, a homogeneous catalyst, an alkyl halide promoter, and a catalyst stabilizer/co-promoter comprising an imidazolium cation R | 10-16-2014 |
20140303407 | Extractive Distillation of Crude Alcohol Product - Recovery of ethanol from a crude ethanol product obtained from the hydrogenation of acetic acid using an extractive distillation column. The column yields a residue that comprises ethanol, acetic acid, and the extractive agent. The extractive agent may be water and may be separated from the residue and returned to the extractive distillation column. | 10-09-2014 |
20140275640 | SINGLE PHASE ESTER FEED FOR HYDROGENOLYSIS - The process involves esterifying ethanol and acetic acid to produce an esterification product that is in a single phase that is directly reduced, by hydrogenolysis, to produce ethanol. The single phase is not capable of separating. Feeding a single phase feed stream reduces the separation of the esterification product. Hydrogen may be fed to the esterification reactor that operates at a high pressure that is substantially similar to or greater than the hydrogenolysis reactor. | 09-18-2014 |
20140275637 | THERMOCHEMICALLY PRODUCED ETHANOL COMPOSITIONS - In one embodiment, the present invention is to an ethanol composition comprising at least 92 wt. % ethanol and from 20 wppm to 94 wppm isopropanol. The composition may be free of methanol and acetaldehyde. | 09-18-2014 |
20140275636 | Catalysts For Forming Diethyl Ether - A process is disclosed for producing of diethyl ether by dehydrating ethanol in the presence of an inventive catalyst. A preferred catalyst achieves high conversions of ethanol and high selectivites to diethyl ether. The diethyl ether may be used as a solvent, fuel additive, or fuel. | 09-18-2014 |
20140275620 | Process For Separating Product Gas Using Carbonylation Processes - The present invention is related to separating product gas using a carbonylation reactor in which the carbon monoxide is consumed to produce acetic acid, and hydrogen and carbon dioxide are recovered. The recovered hydrogen may be further purified to reduce the concentration of carbon oxides. The present invention provides improved methods for converting product gas or syngas to ethanol. | 09-18-2014 |
20140275619 | Process for Producing Acetic Acid and/or Ethanol By Methane Oxidation - The process relates to producing acetic acid and/or ethanol from methane. Oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) may produce a mixture of ethane and ethylene that is further oxidized to acetic acid. The ethylene may be hydrated to form ethanol. In addition, the acetic acid may be hydrogenated to produce ethanol. | 09-18-2014 |
20140179958 | CATALYSTS AND PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING BUTANOL - In one embodiment, the invention is to a process for producing a catalyst composition for converting ethanol to higher alcohols, such as butanol. The process comprises contacting magnesium carbonate with one or more metal precursors to form a catalyst intermediate and calcining the catalyst intermediate to form the catalyst composition that comprises the one or more metals and magnesium oxide. The one or more metal precursors comprises one or more metal selected from the group consists of nickel, palladium, platinum, germanium, copper, ruthenium, gallium, tin, iridium, and mixtures thereof. | 06-26-2014 |
20140179957 | Ethanol Refining Process Using Intermediate Reboiler - The present invention relates to processes for producing and recovering ethanol using an intermediate reboiler. An intermediate stream may be withdrawn from a removal zone of a distillation column and recirculated through the intermediate reboiler to the distillation column. The distillation column may also comprise a bottoms reboiler. | 06-26-2014 |
20140171696 | Catalysts and Processes for Producing Butanol - In one embodiment, the invention is to a catalyst composition for converting ethanol to higher alcohols, such as butanol. The catalyst composition comprises one or more metals and one or more supports. The one or more metals selected from the group consisting of cobalt, nickel, palladium, platinum, zinc, iron, tin and copper. The one or more supports are selected from the group consisting of Al | 06-19-2014 |
20140171695 | Catalysts and Processes for Producing Butanol - A catalyst composition for converting ethanol to higher alcohols, such as butanol, is disclosed. The catalyst composition comprises at least one alkali metal, at least a second metal and a support. The second metal is selected from the group consisting of palladium, platinum, copper, nickel, and cobalt. The support is selected from the group consisting of Al | 06-19-2014 |
20140171693 | Coated Hydrotalcite Catalysts and Processes for Producing Butanol - A catalyst composition for converting ethanol to higher alcohols, such as butanol, is disclosed. The catalyst composition comprises metal coated hydrotalcite and method of making same. | 06-19-2014 |
20140171684 | Process for Producing an Acrylate Product - In one embodiment, the invention is directed to a process for producing an acrylate product. The process comprises the step of reacting in a reactor a reaction mixture comprising an alkanoic acid and a liquid alkylenating agent source comprising methanol in an amount less than 0.5 wt. % over a catalyst and under conditions effective to form a crude acrylate product comprising acrylate product and alkylenating agent. The process further comprises the step of separating at least a portion of the crude acrylate product to form at least one alkylenating agent stream and at least one purified acrylate product stream comprising acrylate product. | 06-19-2014 |
20140163263 | Group VIII Metal Hydrogenolysis Catalysts Having Low Selectivity to Ethers - Group VIII metal containing catalysts used in processes for producing ethanol from ethyl acetate by reacting the ethyl acetate with hydrogenation. The Group VIII metal containing catalyst has a selectivity to ether, especially diethyl ether, that is very low. The process may be integrated with an ethyl acetate production process, such as esterification, hydrogenation, or dehydrogenation. | 06-12-2014 |
20140150187 | PREPARATION OF INDIGO-DYED COTTON DENIM FABRICS AND GARMENTS - Disclosed herein is the preparation of indigo-dyed cotton denim fabrics suitable for use in making cotton denim garments and other denim articles. These indigo-dyed fabrics are prepared from cotton warp yarn which has been pre-treated with an emulsion copolymer prior to being contacted with an aqueous dye liquor comprising a dispersion of an indigo dyestuff. Such copolymer-treated cotton warp yarn can be woven or knitted into cotton denim griege fabrics along with untreated cotton weft yarn. Such griege denim fabric can then be indigo-dyed using the aqueous dye liquor. Alternatively, the emulsion copolymer-treated cotton warp yarn can be indigo-dyed by contact with the aqueous dye liquor before this warp yarn is incorporated into denim fabric along with the untreated cotton weft yarn. The cotton denim fabric produced by either method has the appearance of conventional ring-dyed indigo fabrics. | 06-05-2014 |
20140142351 | Combined Column for Separating Products of Different Hydrogenation Reactors - Recovery of ethanol from a crude product comprising ethyl acetate obtained from the hydrogenation of acetic acid. The crude product is separated to form an organic stream that may be subjected to hydrogenolysis to form ethanol. The organic phase may comprise ethyl acetate is reacted via hydrogenolysis form ethanol that may be directly or indirectly fed to the separation zone or the hydrogenation reactor. | 05-22-2014 |
20140142350 | Olefin Hydration For Hydrogenation Processes - Processes for contacting an olefin feed stream, preferably comprising ethylene, with at least one stream from an ethanol production process that comprises water. The hydration reaction produces ethanol to improve overall ethanol yields from the hydrogenation acetic acid and esters thereof. | 05-22-2014 |
20140142349 | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING ETHANOL FROM METHYL ACETATE - The present invention relates to a process for producing ethanol by methyl acetate hydrogenolysis. The process comprises the step of reacting carbon monoxide and methanol in a reaction medium to form a reaction solution that comprises acetic acid and from 0.5 to 25 wt. % methyl acetate. The process further comprises the step of esterifying the acetic acid and feeding the methyl acetate to a distillation column to remove alkyl halides. The process further comprises the steps of reacting the methyl acetate stream that does not contain alkyl halides and hydrogen in the presence of a second catalyst to form an alcohol product that comprises ethanol and/or methanol. | 05-22-2014 |
20140135527 | Process for Producing Acrylic Acids and Acrylates - In one embodiment, the invention is to a catalyst composition, comprising vanadium and titanium. Preferably, the molar ratio of vanadium to titanium in an active phase of the catalyst composition is greater than 0.5:1. | 05-15-2014 |
20140128642 | Process for Vapor Phase Hydrogenation - A process for selective formation of ethanol from acetic acid includes contacting a feed stream containing acetic acid and hydrogen at an elevated temperature with catalyst comprising platinum and tin on a high surface area silica promoted with calcium metasilicate. Selectivities to ethanol of over 85% are achieved at 280° C. with catalyst life in the hundreds of hours. | 05-08-2014 |
20140128641 | Process for Recovering Ethanol - Recovery of ethanol from a crude ethanol product obtained from the hydrogenation of acetic acid. Separation and purification processes of the crude ethanol products are employed to allow recovery of ethanol and remove impurities. | 05-08-2014 |
20140128636 | Processes for Producing Acrylic Acids and Acrylates - In one embodiment, the invention is to a process for producing an acrylate product. The process comprises the step of providing a crude product stream comprising the acrylate product and an alkylenating agent. The process further comprises the step of separating at least a portion of the crude product stream to form an alkylenating agent stream and an intermediate product stream. The alkylenating agent stream comprises at least 1 wt % alkylenating agent and the intermediate product stream comprises acrylate product. | 05-08-2014 |
20140128487 | Purification of Acetic Acid Product Streams - In one embodiment, the invention is to an ion exchange resin composition comprising a metal-functionalized exchange resin comprising from 3% to 94% metal-functionalized active sites; and a non-metal-functionalized exchange resin comprising non-metal-functionalized active sites. | 05-08-2014 |
20140121422 | Hydrogenation Reaction Conditions For Producing Ethanol - The present invention relates to processes for producing ethanol from a feed stream comprising hydrogen and acetic acid and/or ethyl acetate. The reaction occurs at a temperature greater than 225° C. and the feed stream has a liquid hourly space velocity of at least 0.2 hr | 05-01-2014 |
20140121421 | Hydrogenation Reaction Conditions To Produce Ethanol and Reduce Ethyl Acetate Formation - The present invention is directed to processes for selective formation of ethanol from acetic acid by hydrogenating acetic acid in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst, wherein the temperature and liquid hourly space velocity (LHSV) are controlled to maximize acetic acid conversion and to minimize selectivity to ethyl acetate. The hydrogenation catalyst comprises a metal selected from the group consisting of platinum, palladium, gold, iridium, osmium, and rhodium on a support modified by at least one support modifier selected from the group consisting of (i) alkaline earth metal oxides, (ii) alkali metal oxides, (iii) alkaline earth metal metasilicates, (iv) alkali metal metasilicates, (v) Group IIB metal oxides, (vi) Group IIB metal metasilicates, (vii) Group IIIB metal oxides, (viii) Group IIIB metal metasilicates, and mixtures thereof. | 05-01-2014 |
20140121410 | Processes for Regenerating Catalyst for Producing Acrylic Acids and Acrylates - In one embodiment, the invention is to a process for producing an acrylate product. The process comprises the step of reacting an alkanoic acid and an alkylenating agent over a catalyst to produce a crude acrylate product stream, and to product a used catalyst. The used catalyst may then be contacted with a regenerating stream to form a regenerated catalyst. Alkanoic acid and alkylenating agent may then be reacted over the regenerated catalyst to product additional crude acrylate product stream. | 05-01-2014 |
20140121409 | Processes for the Production of Acrylic Acids and Acrylates Using Multiple Reactors - In one embodiment, the present invention relates to a process for producing an acrylate product comprising the step of providing a reaction system comprising at least one reaction zone and at least one regeneration zone. Each reaction zone and regeneration zone has a size and comprises a catalyst. A ratio of the combined size of the at least one reaction zone to the combined size of the at least one regeneration zone ranges between 1:1 to 6:1. The process further comprises the step of reacting, in the at least one reaction zone, a reaction mixture comprising an alkanoic acid and an alkylenating agent to form a crude acrylate product. The process further comprises the step of regenerating, in the at least one regeneration zone, the respective catalyst. The process further comprises the step of separating at least a portion of the crude acrylate products to form a purified acrylate product. | 05-01-2014 |
20140094629 | Process for Recovering Ethanol with Sidedraws to Regulate C3+ Alcohols Concentrations - Purification and/or recovery of ethanol from a crude ethanol product obtained from the hydrogenation of acetic acid. Separation and purification processes of a crude ethanol mixture are employed to allow recovery of ethanol and remove impurities. In particular, the process involves one or more sidedraws to regulate C | 04-03-2014 |
20140073813 | Heat Integration of Carbonylation and Aldol Condensation Reaction Processes - In one embodiment, the invention is to a process for producing an acrylic acid, comprising the step of reacting, in a carbonylation system, carbon monoxide with at least one reactant in a reaction medium under conditions effective to produce a crude alkanoic acid stream comprising alkanoic acid. Preferably, the reaction is an exothermic carbonylation reaction. The process further comprises the step of removing from the carbonylation system at least a portion of heat generated by the carbonylation reaction and transferring a portion of the heat to a heat transfer system that utilizes at least one steam condensate stream. The process further comprises the step of conveying at least a portion of the heat transferred to the heat transfer system of the condensation reaction zone and/or the condensation separation zone. | 03-13-2014 |
20140073812 | Process for Making Acrylic Acid by Integrating Acetic Acid Feed Stream from Carbonylation Process - In one embodiment, the invention is to a process for producing acrylic acid, comprising the step of providing from a distillation column in a carbonylation process a purified acetic acid stream comprising at least 0.15 wt % water. The process further comprises the step of condensation acetic acid of the purified acetic acid stream and an alkylenating agent in the presence of a catalyst and under conditions effective to form a crude acrylate product comprising acrylic acid and water. Acrylic acid is recovered from the crude acrylate product. | 03-13-2014 |
20140066653 | Processes For Purifying Acetic Anhydride and Method of Making Same - In one embodiment, the invention is to a process for purifying acetic anhydride. The process includes the steps of feeding a liquid crude acetic anhydride stream directly to a distillation column and separating the liquid crude acetic anhydride stream to produce a light ends stream, a sidedraw and a residue stream. The sidedraw comprises substantially pure acetic anhydride product. The distillation column is operated at a pressure less than 101 kPa. The substantially pure acetic anhydride product comprises greater than 98 wt. % acetic anhydride, has a permanganate time of greater than 10 minutes, and has an APHA color of less than 10. | 03-06-2014 |
20140066650 | Process for Vinyl Acetate Production Having Sidecar Reactor for Predehydrating Column - A process for producing vinyl acetate in which a secondary reactant stream is obtained from a predehydrating column and reacted in a sidecar reactor to further increase conversion of ethylene, acetic acid, and molecular oxygen and increase production of vinyl acetate. | 03-06-2014 |
20140066649 | Process for Producing Vinyl Acetate - The present invention relates to a process for forming vinyl acetate. The process comprises the step of providing a reaction mixture having an initial heat capacity. The reaction mixture comprises acetic acid, oxygen, ethylene, and optionally water. The process further comprises the step of adding to the reaction mixture at least one heat capacity modifier to form an increased heat capacity reaction mixture. The process further comprises the step of contacting the acetic acid, oxygen, and ethylene over a catalyst under conditions effective to form a crude vinyl acetate product. The crude vinyl acetate product comprises vinyl acetate and water. | 03-06-2014 |
20140058139 | Process for Heat Integration for Ethanol Production and Purification Process - Ethanol production from the hydrogenation of acetic acid requires energy to drive the hydrogenation reaction and the purification of the crude ethanol product. Heat integration process to recover heat from one part of the production process to be used within the process improves efficiencies and reduces costs. | 02-27-2014 |
20140058131 | Process For Recovering Permanganate Reducing Compounds From An Acetic Acid Production Process - This invention relates to processes for producing acetic acid and, in particular, to improved processes for recovering permanganate reducing compounds formed during the carbonylation of methanol in the presence of a carbonylation catalyst to produce acetic acid. Alkyl halides are removed or reduced from the recovered permanganate reducing compounds. | 02-27-2014 |
20140051894 | Silica Enhanced Support for Hydrogenation Catalysts and Processes for Producing Ethanol - The present invention relates to a catalyst. The catalyst is used for converting acetic acid to ethanol. The catalyst comprises one or more active metals on an alkali metal silicate support or on an alkaline earth metal silicate support, wherein the support further comprises a silica enhancer and a support modifier. | 02-20-2014 |
20140051885 | CATALYST STABILITY IN CARBONYLATION PROCESSES - A method for stabilizing a carbonylation catalyst with carbon monoxide recovered from a gaseous stream derived from a carbonylation reaction. The carbon monoxide enriched stream is fed downstream of the carbonylation reactor, preferably to a flasher or light ends column, to enhance catalyst stability throughout the process. | 02-20-2014 |
20140048223 | METHODS FOR REMOVING HEMICELLULOSE - A method for treating a cellulosic material comprising extracting the cellulosic material with an extractant to selectively extract hemicellulose therein and separating the extracted hemicellulose to form a cellulosic product comprising less hemicellulose than the cellulosic material. The extractant comprises an amine oxide and a non-solvent. The cellulosic product retains the cellulosic fiber morphology. | 02-20-2014 |
20140048222 | METHODS FOR REMOVING HEMICELLULOSE - A method for treating a cellulosic material comprising extracting the cellulosic material with an extractant to selectively extract hemicellulose therein and separating the extracted hemicellulose to form a cellulosic product comprising less hemicellulose than the cellulosic material. The extractant comprises an amine oxide and a non-solvent. The cellulosic product retains the cellulosic fiber morphology. | 02-20-2014 |
20140048221 | METHODS FOR EXTRACTING HEMICELLULOSE FROM A CELLULOSIC MATERIAL - A method for treating a cellulosic material comprises extracting the cellulosic material with an extractant to selectively extract hemicellulose therein and separating the extracted hemicellulose to form a cellulosic product comprising less hemicellulose than the cellulose-containing material. The extractant comprises an ionic liquid and a non-solvent comprising acetic acid. The cellulosic product retains the cellulosic fiber morphology. | 02-20-2014 |
20140046100 | Processes for Maximizing Ethanol Formation In the Hydrogenation of Acetic Acid - In one embodiment, the invention is to a process for purifying a crude ethanol product. The process comprises the step of hydrogenating acetic acid in a reactor in the presence of a catalyst to form the crude ethanol product. The process further comprises the step of separating at least a portion of the crude ethanol product in a purification zone. The purification zone preferably comprises a first column, which yields a first distillate comprising ethanol, water and ethyl acetate, and a first residue comprising acetic acid. The at least a portion of the crude ethanol product has a residence time from the reactor to the purification zone from 5 minutes to 5 days. | 02-13-2014 |
20140024766 | COPOLYMERS OF 1,2-DIACETOXYETHYLENE AND VINYL ACETATE, PROCESS OF MAKING THE COPOLYMERS AND PROCESS OF MAKING A COPOLYMERIZED POLYVINYL ALCOHOL - In one embodiment, the invention is to a vinyl acetate/diacetoxyethylene copolymer, processes of making the copolymer and processes of hydrolyzing said copolymer to form a copolymerized polyvinyl alcohol. | 01-23-2014 |
20140018571 | Eductor-Based Reactor and High Flow Pump Around Loops for Production of Acetic Acid - Eductor mixers are used to mix the reaction medium in a carbonylation reactor. A portion of the reaction solution withdrawn from the reactor and directed through a pump around loop. The pump around loop is fed back to the reactor through the eductor mixers. In addition, a pump around loop may pass through one or more steam generators and/or heat exchangers. | 01-16-2014 |
20140018473 | AQUEOUS LATEX COATING COMPOSITIONS - Disclosed are aqueous latex-based coating compositions which comprise a blend of an ethylene-vinyl acetate emulsion copolymer component and a selected type of acrylic emulsion copolymer component. The acrylic copolymer component comprises primarily acrylate ester co-monomers or acrylic ester co-monomers and vinyl aromatic, e.g., styrene, co-monomers. The blend of these two emulsion copolymer types also contains a specific type of hydrazine-based, water-soluble cross-linking agent which can eventually react with the acrylic emulsion copolymer component. The acrylic emulsion copolymer is one which contains minor amounts of both 1) carboxy functional co-monomers such as itaconic and/or (meth)acrylic acids, and 2) keto- or aldehyde-containing co-monomers such as diacetone acrylamide. Such latex-based coating compositions can be formulated in the form of water-based paint compositions. These paint products provide paint coatings that exhibit desirable dry and wet adhesion characteristics and desirable resistance to blocking. | 01-16-2014 |
20140012040 | Pump Around Reactor for Production of Acetic Acid - The present invention relates to improved processes for the manufacture of acetic acid. A pump around reactor is used to produce additional heat for the production of steam. The pump around reactor receives a portion of the reaction solution produced by the carbonylation reactor and further reacts that portion with additional carbon monoxide and/or reactants. | 01-09-2014 |
20140000806 | ADHESIVE COMPOSITION AND USE THEREOF | 01-02-2014 |
20130345478 | Process for Making Ethanol from Acetic Acid Using Acidic Catalysts - A process for selective formation of ethanol from acetic acid by hydrogenating acetic acid in the presence of a catalyst comprises a first metal on an acidic support. The acidic support may comprise an acidic support material or may comprise an support having an acidic support modifier. The catalyst may be used alone to produced ethanol via hydrogenation or in combination with another catalyst. In addition, the crude ethanol product is separated to obtain ethanol. | 12-26-2013 |
20130331619 | Processes for Producing Anhydrous Ethanol Compositions - The present invention is to a process for producing a anhydrous ethanol composition comprising hydrogenating acetic acid in the presence of a catalyst to form a crude ethanol product; separating in a first column at least a portion of the crude ethanol product into a first distillate comprising ethanol, water and ethyl acetate, and a first residue comprising acetic acid; separating in a second column at least a portion of the first distillate into a second distillate comprising ethyl acetate and a second residue comprising ethanol and water; separating in a third column at least a portion of the second residue into a third distillate comprising ethanol and residual water and a third residue comprising separated water; and dehydrating at least a portion of the third distillate to form the anhydrous ethanol composition. The anhydrous ethanol composition, as formed, comprises less than 1 wt. % water. | 12-12-2013 |
20130317254 | Process for Producing Acrylic Acids and Acrylates - In one embodiment, the invention is to a process for producing an acrylate product. The process comprises the step of providing a crude product stream comprising the acrylate product and an alkylenating agent. The process further comprises the step of separating at least a portion of the crude product stream into an intermediate acrylate product stream and an alkylenating stream. The process further comprises separating at least a portion of the intermediate acrylate product stream by azeotropic distillation in the presences of an entrainer to form a stream containing acrylate product and a stream containing entrainer. | 11-28-2013 |
20130267737 | Processes for Producing Acrylic Acids and Acrylates with Controlled Oxygen Concentration Across Reactor - In one embodiment, the invention is to a process for producing an acrylate product. The process comprises the step of producing a crude product stream by reacting reactants comprising an alkanoic acid, an alkylenating agent and oxygen in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the oxygen concentration across the reactor is from 0.5 to 10 wt %. The oxygen may be fed to the reactor through a plurality of feeds. The invention is also directed to methods of monitoring the oxygen concentration for the reaction and adjusting the oxygen concentration and/or placement of oxygen feed(s). The process further comprises the step of separating at least a portion of the crude product stream to form an alkylenating agent stream and an intermediate product stream. | 10-10-2013 |
20130267736 | Processes for Producing Acrylic Acids and Acrylates with Diluted Reaction Mixture and By-Product Recycle - In one embodiment, the invention is to a process for producing an acrylate product. The process comprises the step of providing a diluted crude acrylate stream comprising the acrylate product and an alkylenating agent. The process further comprises the step of separating at least a portion of the diluted crude acrylate stream to form an alkylenating agent stream and an intermediate product stream. The alkylenating agent stream comprises at least 1 wt. % alkylenating agent and the intermediate product stream comprises acrylate product. | 10-10-2013 |
20130261349 | Hydrogenation Catalysts and Processes for Making Same - A catalyst composition comprising tin and optionally a second metal for use in the production of alcohols such as ethanol from carboxylic acids such as acetic acid. An acidic solution such as nitric acid is utilized in the preparation of the catalyst according to one embodiment of the present invention to better solubilize an organometallic tin precursor resulting in the formation of catalysts having particularly high selectivity to ethanol. | 10-03-2013 |
20130261348 | Process for Producing Ethanol by Alkane Oxidation and Hydrogenation or Hydration - Ethane is oxidized to ethylene and/or oxygenates that comprise acetic acid. The acetic acid may be converted to ethanol by hydrogenation. The ethylene may be converted to ethanol by hydration. | 10-03-2013 |
20130261347 | Process for Producing Ethanol by Hydrocarbon Oxidation and Hydrogenation or Hydration - Hydrocarbons are oxidized to ethylene and/or oxygenates that comprise acetic acid. The acetic acid may be converted to ethanol by hydrogenation. The ethylene may be converted to ethanol by hydration. | 10-03-2013 |
20130253224 | Process for Producing Acrylic Acids and Acrylates - In one embodiment, the invention is to process for producing acrylics. The process includes the steps of contacting a crude product stream with an extraction agent mixture and diluting the crude product stream with at least one diluent. | 09-26-2013 |
20130245338 | Hydrogenation Catalysts Prepared from Polyoxometalate Precursors and Process for Using Same to Produce Ethanol - The present invention relates to hydrogenation catalysts prepared from polyoxometalate precursors. The polyoxometalate precursors introduce a support modifier to the catalyst. The catalysts are used for hydrogenating alkanoic acids and/or esters thereof to alcohols, preferably with conversion of the ester coproduct. The catalyst may also comprise one or more active metals. | 09-19-2013 |
20130245337 | Hydrogenation Catalysts Prepared from Polyoxometalate Precursors and Process for Using Same to Produce Ethanol While Minimizing Diethyl Ether Formation - The present invention relates to hydrogenation catalysts prepared from polyoxometalate precursors. The polyoxometalate precursors introduce a support modifier to the catalyst. The catalysts are used for hydrogenating alkanoic acids and/or esters thereof to alcohols with relatively low ether formation, preferably with conversion of the ester coproduct. The catalyst may also comprise one or more active metals. | 09-19-2013 |
20130245336 | Rhodium/ Tin Catalysts and Processes for Producing Ethanol - The present invention relates to processes for producing ethanol using a catalyst comprising rhodium and tin on a support. The rhodium and tin may be present in a molar ratio of 20:80 to 80:20. | 09-19-2013 |
20130245335 | Acetic Acid Hydrogenation over a Group VIII Metal Calcined Catalyst Having a Secondary Promoter - The present invention relates to a process for hydrogenating feedstock comprising acetic acid in the presence of hydrogen to product comprising ethanol in a reaction zone under hydrogenation conditions over a catalyst composition promoted with cobalt, rhodium, cesium or a combination thereof on a previously calcined composition comprising at least one Group VIII metal and tin on a support material. | 09-19-2013 |
20130245334 | Stacked Bed Reactor with Diluents for Producing Ethanol - The present invention relates to processes for producing ethanol using a stacked bed reactor comprising a first bed comprising a first hydrogenation catalyst and a second bed comprising a second hydrogenation catalyst and one or more diluents. The diluents may be selected from the group consisting of silica, silica-alumina and mixtures thereof. | 09-19-2013 |
20130245333 | Ethanol Manufacturing Process Over Catalyst Having Improved Radial Crush Strength - Acetic acid is hydrogenation in the presence of a catalyst comprising one or more active metals on a silica support, wherein the catalyst has a radial crush strength of at least 4 N/mm. The one or more active metals may include cobalt, copper, gold, iron, nickel, palladium, platinum, iridium, osmium, rhenium, rhodium, ruthenium, tin, zinc, lanthanum, cerium, manganese, chromium, vanadium, molybdenum and mixtures thereof. Radial crush strength may be improved by steam treating the catalyst support prior to the loading of the one or more active metals. | 09-19-2013 |
20130245332 | Promoters for Cobalt-Tin Catalysts for Reducing Alkanoic Acids - The present invention relates to a process for the formation of an alcohol from an alkanoic acid, the steps of the process comprising: contacting a feed stream containing the alkanoic acid and hydrogen at an elevated temperature with a hydrogenating catalyst comprising from 3 to 25 wt. % of active metals comprising tin and cobalt and a metal promoter selected from the group consisting of noble metals or first metal, the first metal selected from the group of barium, cesium and potassium. | 09-19-2013 |
20130245331 | Separation Process Having An Alcohol Sidestream - Recovery of ethanol from a crude ethanol product obtained from the hydrogenation of acetic acid. The crude ethanol product is fed to a distillation column to yield an ethanol sidestream. | 09-19-2013 |
20130245312 | Catalyst for Producing Acrylic Acids and Acrylates - The invention is to a process for producing an acrylate product. The process includes the steps of contacting an alkanoic acid and an alkylenating agent over a catalyst composition under conditions effective to produce the acrylate product. The catalyst composition comprises vanadium, bismuth and titanium. Preferably, the catalyst comprises 0.3 wt % to 30 wt % vanadium, 0.1 wt % to 69 wt % bismuth and 0.1 wt % to 61 wt % tungsten, in an active phase. | 09-19-2013 |
20130245311 | Catalyst for Producing Acrylic Acids and Acrylates - The invention is to a process for producing an acrylate product. The process includes the steps of contacting an alkanoic acid and an alkylenating agent over a catalyst composition under conditions effective to produce the acrylate product. The catalyst composition comprises vanadium, titanium and tungsten. Preferably, the catalyst comprises vanadium to tungsten at a molar ratio of at least 0.02:1, in an active phase. | 09-19-2013 |
20130245310 | CATALYST FOR PRODUCING ACRYLIC ACIDS AND ACRYLATES - A process for producing an acrylate product comprises the step of contacting an alkanoic acid and an alkylenating agent over a catalyst over conditions effective to produce the acrylate product. The catalyst composition comprises vanadium, titanium and bismuth. Preferably, the catalyst comprises vanadium to bismuth at a molar ratio of greater than 0.2:1, in an active phase. | 09-19-2013 |
20130245308 | Catalyst for Producing Acrylic Acids and Acrylates - In one embodiment, the invention is to a process for producing an acrylate product. The process includes the steps of contacting an alkanoic acid and an alkylenating agent over a catalyst composition under conditions effective to produce the acrylate product. The catalyst composition comprises a metal phosphate matrix containing vanadium and bismuth. Preferably, the catalyst comprises, in an active phase, vanadium to bismuth at a molar ratio of at least 0.02:1. Preferably, the catalyst composition is substantially free of titanium. | 09-19-2013 |
20130245131 | Hydrogenation of Mixed Oxygenate Stream to Produce Alcohol - The present invention relates to processes for the recovery of ethanol from a crude ethanol product obtained from the hydrogenation of a mixed oxygenate stream comprising ethyl acetate and acetaldehyde. The crude ethanol product is separated in at least one distillation column to product ethanol. The mixed oxygenate stream may be obtained from syngas. | 09-19-2013 |
20130231510 | Processes for Making Ethanol From Acetic Acid - A process for selective formation of ethanol from acetic acid by hydrogenating acetic acid in the presence of first metal, a silicaceous support, and at least one support modifier. Preferably, the first metal is selected from the group consisting of copper, iron, cobalt, nickel, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, platinum, titanium, zinc, chromium, rhenium, molybdenum, and tungsten. In addition the catalyst may comprise a second metal preferably selected from the group consisting of copper, molybdenum, tin, chromium, iron, cobalt, vanadium, tungsten, palladium, platinum, lanthanum, cerium, manganese, ruthenium, rhenium, gold, and nickel. | 09-05-2013 |
20130225878 | Cobalt/ Tin Catalyst for Producing Ethanol - The present invention relates to a process for the formation of alcohols from alkanoic acids, the steps of the process comprising: contacting a feed stream containing the alkanoic acid and hydrogen at an elevated temperature with a hydrogenating catalyst comprising from 3 to 25 wt. % of active metals on a support, wherein the active metals comprise cobalt and tin. | 08-29-2013 |
20130225877 | Catalyst Having Support Containing Tin and Process for Manufacturing Ethanol - The present invention relates to a catalyst composition having a support that contains tin. The catalyst is used for converting acetic acid to ethanol. The catalyst may also comprise one or more active metals and a support modifier. | 08-29-2013 |
20130225876 | Hydrogenation Catalyst Using Multiple Impregnations of an Active Metal Solution - A process for producing a catalyst that results in improved yields and productivity to ethanol. The process involves the steps of preparing a solution comprising one or more precursors to an active metal and impregnating a first portion of the solution on a support to form a first impregnated support. The first impregnated support is calcined to form a first calcined support and a second portion of the solution is impregnated on the first calcined support. The catalyst is useful for hydrogenating alkanoic acids to ethanol. | 08-29-2013 |
20130224102 | PROCESS FOR UTILIZING A WATER STREAM IN A HYDROLYSIS REACTION TO FORM ETHANOL - In one embodiment, the invention is to a process for producing a water stream comprising the steps of hydrogenating acetic acid to form a crude ethanol product and separating at least a portion of the crude ethanol product in at least one column of a plurality of columns into a distillate comprising ethanol and a residue comprising the water stream. The water stream preferably is essentially free of organic impurities other than acetic acid and ethanol. | 08-29-2013 |
20130219635 | PRODUCTION OF DYED COTTON FIBERS - In a method of dyeing and finishing cotton fibers, emulsion copolymer treated cotton fibers are prepared by contacting the fibers with an emulsion copolymer and curing the copolymer under conditions to chemically anchor the emulsion copolymer to the cotton and thereby form copolymer-treated cotton fibers. The copolymer-treated cotton fibers are then contacted with a dye material under conditions sufficient to affix at least a portion of the dye material to the copolymer component of the copolymer-treated cotton fibers and produce dyed cotton fibers. Thereafter, the dyed cotton fibers are treated with a surfactant-stabilized aqueous acrylic polymer dispersion to give the fibers a worn or vintage character. | 08-29-2013 |
20130211152 | Ethanol Manufacturing Process Over Catalyst with Cesium and Support Comprising Tungsten or Oxides Thereof - The present invention relates to a process for producing product comprising ethanol which comprises contacting a feedstock comprising acetic acid and hydrogen in a reaction zone at hydrogenation conditions with a catalyst composition comprising at least one active metal that may include a Group VIII metal and tin and from 0.01 to 0.5 wt. % cesium on a support comprising tungsten or oxides thereof. | 08-15-2013 |
20130211151 | Process for Producing Ethanol Using Acetic Acid from a Carbonylation Process - The present invention relates to a process for the production of ethanol. The process comprises the step of hydrogenating acetic acid in a hydrogenation reactor in the presence of a catalyst and under conditions effective to form a crude ethanol product. The acetic acid may be obtained from a carbonylation system. The process further comprises the step of separating, in at least one column, at least a portion of the crude ethanol product into a distillate and a residue. The distillate comprises ethanol, water, and ethyl acetate. The residue comprises acetic acid and water. The process preferably comprises the step of directing at least a portion of the residue to at least one column of the carbonylation system. The process further comprises the step of separating the first distillate to form a purified ethanol product. | 08-15-2013 |
20130211150 | Chemisorption of Ethyl Acetate During Hydrogenation of Acetic Acid to Ethanol - A hydrogenation catalyst and process using the catalyst for converting a mixture comprising acetic acid and ethyl acetate to ethanol at a first temperature, and the catalyst desorbs ethyl acetate, in the absence of hydrogen, at a second temperature that is greater than the first temperature. The catalyst has a suitable chemisorption of ethyl acetate at the first temperature in the absence of hydrogen. In one embodiment, the first temperature ranges from 125° C. to 350° C. and the second temperature ranges from 300° C. to 600° C. The catalyst comprises one or more active metals or oxide thereof on a support that comprises tungsten or an oxide thereof. The one or more active metals are selected from the group consisting of cobalt, copper, gold, iron, nickel, palladium, platinum, iridium, osmium, rhenium, rhodium, ruthenium, tin, zinc, lanthanum, cerium, manganese, chromium, vanadium, and molybdenum. | 08-15-2013 |
20130210936 | Catalysts for Converting Acetic Acid to Acetone - The present invention relates to a process for the formation of acetone from acetic acid. The process is conducted at an elevated temperature of above 225° C. by contacting a feed stream containing acetic acid, and an optional carrier gas, with a catalyst. The catalyst comprises a support that is favorable for the production of acetone. The support may comprise titania, zirconia, ceria, silica, iron oxide, and carbon, but preferably is titania, zirconia, and ceria. | 08-15-2013 |
20130209726 | CARPET PRODUCTS AND PROCESSES FOR MAKING SAME USING LATEX COATING COMPOSITIONS - Disclosed are carpet products comprising at least one substrate and at least one adhesive layer associated with the at least one substrate, the adhesive layer being formed from a latex coating composition comprising (a) a first copolymer of at least a vinyl ester of an alkanoic acid having from 1 to 13 carbon atoms and ethylene; and (b) a second copolymer of at least styrene and butadiene, wherein the first and second copolymers are colloidally dispersed in an aqueous medium comprising a surfactant. The carpet products are particularly durable exhibiting high tuft bind values. | 08-15-2013 |
20130204050 | Hydrogenation Process with Reduced Residence Time for Vapor Phase Reactants - The present invention is directed to the separation of ethanol from a crude ethanol product obtained from the vaporization and hydrogenation of acetic acid using reduced residence time for the vapor phase reactants between exiting the vaporizer and entering the reactor. The crude ethanol product is separated in at least one column to recover an ethanol product. | 08-08-2013 |
20130204049 | Process for Producing Ethanol Using a Molar Excess of Hydrogen - The present invention relates to a process for the production of ethanol using a molar excess of hydrogen. A mixed feed of acetic acid and ethyl acetate is fed to a reactor to be converted to ethanol. Hydrogen flow is increased to avoid a negative conversion of ethyl acetate. | 08-08-2013 |
20130199084 | Ethanol Compositions - In one embodiment, the present invention is to an ethanol composition comprising at least 92 wt. % ethanol and from 95 wppm to 1,000 wppm isopropanol. | 08-08-2013 |
20130197278 | Process For Manufacturing Ethanol Using A Metallic Catalyst Supported on Titania - The present invention relates to a process for producing ethanol by contacting a feedstock comprising acetic acid and hydrogen in a reaction zone at hydrogenation conditions including a temperature from 125° C. to 350° C. with a catalyst composition, wherein the catalyst composition comprises from 1.5 wt. % to 3 wt. % active metals on a titania support, said active metals comprising at least one Group VIII metal and an excess molar amount of tin, relative to the at least one Group VIII metal. | 08-01-2013 |
20130197267 | Processes for Preparing Acetic Anhydride - In one embodiment, the invention is to a process for producing acetic anhydride. The process includes at least a step of carbonylating methanol and/or a methanol derivative with carbon monoxide to form acetic acid, and contacting ketene with the acetic acid to form a crude acetic anhydride product stream and a vent stream having unreacted ketene. The process further comprises a step of directing at least a portion of the vent stream to a liquid ring vacuum compressor having a ring seal fluid comprising acetic acid The unreacted ketene in the portion of the vent stream contacts the ring seal fluid to form supplemental acetic anhydride. | 08-01-2013 |
20130190527 | Bismuth Catalyst Composition and Process For Manufacturing Ethanol Mixture - The present invention relates to a catalyst composition comprising at least one Group VIII metal and bismuth on a support, and to a process for manufacturing a product comprising ethanol and ethyl acetate from a feedstock comprising acetic acid over the catalyst composition under hydrogenation conditions, including a temperature of greater than about 290° C. | 07-25-2013 |
20130184502 | REDUCED WATER CONTENT PREPARATION PROCESS FOR HYDROGENATION CATALYSTS - The present invention relates to processes for making catalysts, to catalyst prepared by a specific process, and to chemical processes employing such catalysts. The catalysts are preferably used for converting acetic acid to ethanol. The catalyst comprises less than 20% solvent prior to calcining. | 07-18-2013 |
20130184501 | HYDROGENATION CATALYSTS WITH ACIDIC SITES - The present invention relates to catalysts and to chemical processes employing such catalysts. The catalysts are preferably used for converting acetic acid to ethanol. The catalyst comprises acidic sites and two or more metals. The catalyst has acidic sites on the surface and the balance favors Lewis acid sites. | 07-18-2013 |
20130184500 | Process for Acetal Removal In the Purification of a Crude Ethanol Product - Recovery of ethanol from a crude ethanol product obtained from the hydrogenation of acetic acid. Separation and purification processes of the crude ethanol products are employed to allow recovery of ethanol and hydrolyze acetal impurities by the addition of an acid stream. | 07-18-2013 |
20130184491 | Production of Acetic Acid with Enhanced Catalyst Stability - Processes for the production of acetic acid by carbonylation of methanol and reactive derivatives thereof in a liquid phase reaction medium, wherein the reaction medium comprises a finite amount of water, a homogeneous catalyst, an alkyl halide promoter, and a catalyst stabilizer/co-promoter comprising a dissymmetric phosphonium cation. | 07-18-2013 |
20130184148 | ETHANOL PRODUCTION FROM ACETIC ACID UTILIZING A COBALT CATALYST - A process for the selective production of ethanol by vapor phase reaction of acetic acid over a hydrogenating catalyst composition to form ethanol is disclosed and claimed. In an embodiment of this invention reaction of acetic acid and hydrogen over either cobalt and palladium supported on graphite or cobalt and platinum supported on silica selectively produces ethanol in a vapor phase at a temperature of about 250° C. | 07-18-2013 |
20130178670 | HYDROGENATION CATALYSTS WITH BULK MULTIPLE OXIDATED SUPPORTS - The present invention relates to catalysts, to processes for making catalysts and to chemical processes employing such catalysts. The catalysts are preferably used for converting acetic acid and ethyl acetate to ethanol. The catalyst comprises an extruded modified support, and a precious metal. The processes for making the catalysts comprises modifying the catalyst, extruding the catalyst, and impregnating the precious metal onto the catalyst. | 07-11-2013 |
20130178669 | Cobalt and Tin Hydrogenation Catalysts - The present invention relates to catalysts, to processes for making catalysts and to chemical processes employing such catalysts. The catalysts are preferably used for converting acetic acid and ethyl acetate to ethanol. The catalyst comprises a precious metal, tin and cobalt, wherein molar ratio of cobalt to tin is at least 11:1. | 07-11-2013 |
20130178668 | Multifunctional Hydrogenation Catalysts - The present invention relates to catalysts, to processes for making catalysts and to chemical processes employing such catalysts. The multifunctional catalysts are preferably used for converting acetic acid and ethyl acetate to ethanol. The catalyst is effective for providing an acetic acid conversion greater than 20% and an ethyl acetate conversion greater than 0%. The catalyst comprises a precious metal and one or more active metals on a modified support. The modified support includes a metal selected from the group consisting of tungsten, vanadium, and tantalum, provided that the modified support does not contain phosphorous. | 07-11-2013 |
20130178667 | Processes for Making Catalysts - The present invention relates to catalysts, to processes for making catalysts and to chemical processes employing such catalysts. The catalysts are preferably used for converting acetic acid to ethanol. The catalyst comprises a precious metal and one or more active metals on a support, optionally a modified support. | 07-11-2013 |
20130178666 | Processes for Making Catalysts With Metal Halide Precursors - The present invention relates to catalysts, to processes for making catalysts with halide containing precursors and to chemical processes employing such catalysts. The catalysts are preferably used for converting acetic acid to ethanol. The catalyst comprises a precious metal and one or more active metals on a support, optionally a modified support. | 07-11-2013 |
20130178665 | Processes For Making Catalysts With Acidic Precursors - The present invention relates to catalysts, to processes for making catalysts with acidic precursors and to chemical processes employing such catalysts. The catalysts are preferably used for converting acetic acid to ethanol. The catalyst comprises a precious metal and one or more active metals on a support, optionally a modified support. | 07-11-2013 |
20130178664 | Hydrogenation Catalysts - The present invention relates to catalysts, to processes for making catalysts and to chemical processes employing such catalysts. The catalysts are preferably used for converting acetic acid to ethanol. The catalyst comprises a precious metal and one or more active metals on a modified support. The modified support may comprise cobalt tungstate. | 07-11-2013 |
20130178663 | COBALT-CONTAINING HYDROGENATION CATALYSTS AND PROCESSES FOR MAKING SAME - The present invention relates to catalysts, to processes for making catalysts and to chemical processes employing such catalysts. The catalysts are preferably used for converting acetic acid to ethanol. The catalyst comprises cobalt, precious metal and one or more active metals on a modified support. | 07-11-2013 |
20130178662 | Modified Catalyst Supports - The present invention relates to modified catalyst supports, to processes for making modified catalyst supports, and to chemical processes employing catalysts that comprise such modified catalyst supports. The modified catalyst support comprises a first metal, a second metal and a support modifier on a support, wherein the support modifier comprises a support modifier metal selected from the group consisting of tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium, niobium, and tantalum. | 07-11-2013 |
20130178661 | Hydrogenation Catalysts with Cobalt-Modified Supports - The present invention relates to catalysts, to processes for making catalysts and to chemical processes employing such catalysts. The catalysts are preferably used for converting acetic acid to ethanol. The catalyst comprises a precious metal and one or more active metals on a modified support that comprises cobalt. | 07-11-2013 |
20130172633 | Process For Producing Ethanol From Impure Methanol - In a first embodiment, the present invention relates to a process for producing ethanol. The process comprises the step of contacting a carbon monoxide feed and an impure methanol feed in a reactor under conditions effective to produce a crude acetic acid product. The impure methanol feed comprises more than 0.15 wt. % of impurities. The process further comprises the step of separating the crude acetic acid product to form an intermediate acetic acid product and at least one derivative stream. The intermediate acetic acid product may comprise acetic acid and at least one of the impurities from the impure methanol feed. The process further comprises the step of hydrogenating at least a portion of the intermediate acetic acid product to produce a crude ethanol product. The hydrogenation is preferably conducted over a catalyst. | 07-04-2013 |
20130172632 | Process for Promoting Catalyst Activity for Ethyl Acetate Conversion - The process of the current invention relates to the production of ethanol from a crude ethanol product obtained from the hydrogenation of acetic acid and ethyl acetate in the presence of a catalyst. Conversion of ethyl acetate may be improved by adding water to the reactor. At least 0.01 wt. % water may be added to the reactor. The crude ethanol product is separated in one or more columns to yield an ethanol product. | 07-04-2013 |
20130172631 | Process for Monitoring Separation of Ethanol Mixture - A process is disclosed for monitoring separation streams of an ethanol purification process, including measuring the concentrations of impurities, monitoring one or more binary streams, or monitoring conductivity in an ethanol containing stream to determine acetic acid concentrations. The ethanol is produced by hydrogenating acetic acid. One or more on-line analyzers may be used to monitor the separation streams. | 07-04-2013 |
20130172630 | PRESSURE DRIVEN DISTILLATION FOR ETHANOL PRODUCTION AND RECOVERY FROM HYDROGENATION PROCESS - Recovery of alcohols, in particular ethanol, from a crude ethanol product obtained from the hydrogenation of acetic acid using pressure driven distillation to separate the crude ethanol product. The crude ethanol product may be fed to a distillations column in which a substantial portion of the water is removed with the acetic acid in the residue. A second column is at higher pressure than a first column. | 07-04-2013 |
20130172614 | PRODUCTION OF ACETIC ACID WITH HIGH CONVERSION RATE - A process for producing acetic acid comprising the steps of reacting carbon monoxide and at least one of methanol and a methanol derivative in a first reactor under conditions effective to produce a crude acetic acid product; separating the crude acetic acid product into at least one derivative stream, at least one of the at least one derivative stream comprising residual carbon monoxide; and reacting at least a portion of the residual carbon monoxide with at least one of methanol and a methanol derivative over a metal catalyst in a second reactor to produce additional acetic acid. | 07-04-2013 |
20130165704 | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING ETHANOL IN A REACTOR HAVING A CONSTANT TEMPERATURE - The present invention, in one embodiment, relates to a process for producing ethanol. The process comprises the step of reacting acetic acid and hydrogen in a shell and tube reactor and in the presence of a catalyst under conditions effective to form a crude ethanol product. The crude ethanol product comprises ethanol, acetic acid, ethyl acetate, and water. The process further comprises the step of recovering ethanol from the crude ethanol product. The shell and tube reactor comprises one or more tubes, each containing a heat transfer medium, and a shell comprising the catalyst. Preferably, the shell and tube reactor has an inlet temperature and an outlet temperature and the inlet temperature is substantially similar to or less than the outlet temperature. | 06-27-2013 |
20130165703 | Hydrogenation Catalysts Having An Amorphous Support - The present invention relates to a catalyst having an amorphous support and one or more active metals. The amorphous support may comprise a support material and an amorphous support modifier, which adjusts the acidity of the support material. In preparing the amorphous catalyst, post-synthesis treatment, i.e. calcination, may be used to adjust the catalyst performance while converting acetic acid to ethanol. | 06-27-2013 |
20130165702 | Calcination of Modified Support to Prepare Hydrogenation Catalysts - The present invention relates to a catalyst having an amorphous support and one or more active metals. The amorphous support may comprise a support material and an amorphous support modifier, which adjusts the acidity of the support material. In preparing the amorphous catalyst, post-synthesis treatment, i.e. calcination, may be used to adjust the catalyst performance while converting acetic acid to ethanol. | 06-27-2013 |
20130165701 | Catalysts Having Promoter Metals and Process for Producing Ethanol - The present invention relates to a catalyst. The catalyst is used for converting acetic acid to ethanol. The catalyst comprises platinum, tin, a base metal selected from calcium and/or tungsten and a promoter metal selected from barium, potassium and/or cesium. | 06-27-2013 |
20130165700 | Catalysts Comprising Secondary Noble Metals and Process for Producing Ethanol - The present invention relates to a catalyst comprising platinum, tin and a secondary noble metal selected from the group consisting of rhodium, palladium, gold and iridium. The catalyst may be on a support. In some embodiments, the support may comprise calcium. The catalyst is used for converting acetic acid to ethanol. | 06-27-2013 |
20130165695 | PROCESS CONDITIONS FOR PRODUCING ACRYLIC ACID - In one embodiment, the invention is to process for producing acrylics. The process includes the steps of contacting a crude product stream with an extraction agent mixture. The weight ratio of the extraction agent mixture to the crude product stream is greater than 0.25:1. | 06-27-2013 |
20130165688 | Methanol Carbonylation Process with Rhodium Catalyst and a Metallic Co-Catalyst Selected from Transition Metals, Zinc, Beryllium, Indium, Tin, Strontium and Barium - A carbonylation process for making acetic acid using a metallic co-catalyst composition, effective as a rhodium stabilizer and/or rate promoter, at molar ratios of metal/rhodium of about 0.5 to 40. The process includes reacting methanol with carbon monoxide in the presence of a rhodium-based catalytic metal complex with about 1 to 20 weight percent methyl iodide, less than about 8 weight % water and about 0.5 to about 30 weight percent methyl acetate. The crude acetic acid is flashed and further purified. | 06-27-2013 |
20130164211 | Process for Producing Ammonium Salts - In one embodiment, the invention is to a process for purifying a by-product stream. The process comprises the step of providing a by-product stream comprising an ammonium salt, dimerized amide, and optionally water. The process further comprises the step of precipitating at least a portion of the dimerized amide in the by-product stream to form solid dimerized amide. The process further comprises the step of separating the solid dimerized amide from the by-product stream to form a treated by-product stream comprising less than 1 wt. % solid dimerized amide. | 06-27-2013 |
20130158302 | Phasing Reactor Product from Hydrogenating Acetic Acid Into Ethyl Acetate Feed to Produce Ethanol - Disclosed herein are processes for alcohol production by reducing ethyl acetate produced by hydrogenating acetic acid in the presence of a suitable catalyst. The product of the acetic acid hydrogenation is fed directly to a decanter to separate the hydrogenation product into an aqueous phase comprising water and ethanol and an organic phase comprising ethyl acetate. The organic phase is reduced with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst to obtain a crude reaction mixture comprising the alcohol, in particular ethanol, which may be separated from the crude reaction mixture. Thus, ethanol may be produced from acetic acid through an ethyl acetate intermediate without an esterification step. This may reduce the recycle of ethanol in the hydrogenolysis process and improve ethanol productivity. | 06-20-2013 |
20130158301 | Multiple Vapor Feeds for Hydrogenation Process to Produce Alcohol - The present invention relates to processes for the recovery of ethanol from a crude ethanol product obtained from the hydrogenation of acetic acid. The crude ethanol product is separated in a column to produce a distillate stream comprising ethyl acetate, ethanol and acetaldehyde and a residue stream comprising ethanol, acetic acid and water. The ethanol product is recovered from the residue stream. A liquid recycle stream is sent to a second vaporizer to form a second vapor feed stream that is fed to the hydrogenation reactor. | 06-20-2013 |
20130158300 | Process For Producing Ethanol By Hydrogenating Mixed Feeds Comprising Water - The processes of the current invention relate to the production of ethanol from a crude ethanol product obtained from the hydrogenation of acetic acid and ethyl acetate. Conversion of ethyl acetate may be improved by controlling the water content that may be fed to the vaporizer to form a feed stream that may be fed to the hydrogenation reactor. At least 0.01 wt. % water is fed to the vaporizer. The crude ethanol product is separated two or more columns to yield an ethanol product. | 06-20-2013 |
20130158297 | ESTERIFYING AN ETHANOL AND ACETIC ACID MIXTURE TO PRODUCE AN ESTER FEED FOR HYDROGENOLYSIS - Disclosed herein are processes for alcohol production by hydrogenating acetic acid to obtain a mixture of ethanol and acetic acid, esterifying the mixture to produce an esterification product and reducing the esterification product. The mixture may provide a sufficient amount of ethanol and acetic acid for esterification and reduces the need for additional acetic acid and/or ethanol. This may reduce the recycle of ethanol in the hydrogenolysis process and improve ethanol productivity. | 06-20-2013 |
20130158295 | Processes For The Production of Acrylic Acids and Acrylates - In one embodiment, the invention is to a process for producing an acrylate product. The process comprises the step of dehydrating a crude alkylenating agent stream to form a dehydrated alkylenating agent stream and a water stream. The process further comprises reacting acetic acid with at least a portion of the dehydrated alkylenating agent stream to form a crude acrylate product stream comprising acrylate product and alkylenating agent stream. The dehydrating of the crude alkylenating stream is accomplished using at least one evaporator or at least one distillation column. | 06-20-2013 |
20130158289 | PRODUCTION OF DIACETOXYETHYLENE BY DIRECT ACETOXYLATION - In one embodiment, the invention is to a process for producing a vinyl acetate composition by contacting a vinyl acetate stream with acetic acid, ethylene, and oxygen to form a reaction mixture and reacting the reaction mixture in a reactor under conditions effective to form a crude vinyl acetate composition comprising vinyl acetate, water, acetic acid and at least 0.1 wt % diacetoxyethylene. | 06-20-2013 |
20130158288 | Process For Producing Acrylic Acids and Acrylates - In one embodiment, the invention is to process for producing acrylics. The process includes the steps of contacting a crude product stream with an extraction agent mixture at a temperature less than 50° C. | 06-20-2013 |
20130149487 | CARPETS WITH SURFACTANT-STABILIZED EMULSION POLYMER CARPET BINDERS FOR IMPROVED PROCESSABILITY - Disclosed are improved carpet products made using certain types of coating compositions to secure carpet fibers to a carpet backing or substrates and/or to secure one or more carpet scrims or other layers to carpet backing. The coating compositions, which can be in the form of either precoating or skip coating compositions, are made from latex binder emulsions based on interpolymers emulsion polymerized from vinyl esters, ethylene, and a multifunctional cross-linking co-monomer such as an unsaturated silane. Such emulsions are also stabilized with surfactant emulsifiers but are substantially free of protective colloid stabilizers. The multifunctional co-monomer alters interpolymer molecular weight, branching and/or flow properties such that films formed from such interpolymers exhibit relatively low elongation values. When the emulsion binder exhibits such non-elongating film-forming characteristics, the carpet coating composition made from such binders can be easily processed without build-up on carpet processing apparatus. Such binder emulsions which are stabilized substantially only with surfactant emulsifiers, and not with protective colloids, also have excellent compatibility with other coating composition components. | 06-13-2013 |
20130144087 | CO-GASIFICATION OF AQUATIC BIOMASS AND COAL - The invention also relates to co-gasification processes for forming syngas from aquatic biomass and a fossil fuel. In one aspect, the invention is to a process for producing syngas, comprising: introducing aquatic biomass, a fossil fuel, water and oxygen to a gasifier and forming syngas comprising hydrogen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide; and feeding aquatic biomass with carbon dioxide derived from the syngas. In other aspects, the invention relates to integrated processes for producing industrial chemicals, such as alcohols, carboxylic acids, esters, aldehydes, olefins and polymers from such syngas. | 06-06-2013 |
20130143973 | BIOMASS GASIFICATION AND INTEGRATED PROCESSES FOR MAKING INDUSTRIAL CHEMICALS THROUGH AN ESTER INTERMEDIATE - The invention relates to integrated processes for producing industrial chemicals, such as alcohols, carboxylic acids, esters, aldehydes, olefins and polymers from biomass. In one embodiment, the invention is to a process comprising the steps of: introducing biomass and an oxygen stream to a gasifier and converting the biomass into a product gas, wherein the gasifier is operated at a pressure of at least 10 bar; compressing the product gas at a compression ratio that is less than 3:1 to form a compressed product gas; directing a first portion of the compressed product gas to an alcohol synthesis reactor to produce methanol; reacting carbon monoxide with the methanol to produce acetic acid; esterifying the acetic acid with ethanol to form ethyl acetate; and reducing the ethyl acetate with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst to form ethanol. | 06-06-2013 |
20130143972 | BIOMASS GASIFICATION AND INTEGRATED PROCESSES FOR MAKING INDUSTRIAL CHEMICALS THROUGH AN ACETIC ACID INTERMEDIATE - The invention relates to integrated processes for producing industrial chemicals, such as alcohols, carboxylic acids, esters, aldehydes, olefins and polymers from biomass. In one embodiment, the invention is to a process comprising the steps of (a) introducing biomass and an oxygen stream to a gasifier and converting the biomass into a product gas, wherein the gasifier is operated at a pressure of at least 10 bar; (b) compressing the product gas at a compression ratio that is less than 5:1 to form compressed product gas; (c) directing a first portion of the compressed product gas to an alcohol synthesis reactor to produce methanol; (d) directing a second portion of the compressed product gas to a gas separator to produce a hydrogen stream and a carbon monoxide stream; (e) reacting the carbon monoxide stream with the methanol to produce acetic acid; and (f) reacting the hydrogen stream with acetic acid to produce ethanol. | 06-06-2013 |
20130140722 | DISTILLATION COLUMN HAVING ENLARGED DOWNCOMERS AND METHOD OF DOWNCOMER ENLARGEMENT - A distillation column is provided with a downcomer having an enlarged upper region to increase a processing rate for the removal of permanganate reducing compounds (PRCs) formed by the carbonylation of methanol in the presence of a catalyst to produce acetic acid. The distillation column includes a vertically extending distillation housing; and a plurality of tray assemblies, at least one of which includes a horizontally extending tray panel and a downcomer having, in a downward direction, an enlarged, funnel-shaped upper region defined by a top downcomer panel oriented at an angle to the vertical, and a lower region of substantially constant cross-sectional area defined by a vertically-oriented bottom downcomer panel. | 06-06-2013 |
20130137906 | Treatment of Recycle Gas from Acid Hydrogenation - In a process for producing ethanol, acetic acid is contacted with hydrogen in a reaction zone in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst to form a crude ethanol product comprising ethanol, hydrogen and carbon monoxide. At least a portion of the crude ethanol product is separated to yield a vapor stream and a liquid stream, wherein the vapor stream comprises hydrogen and carbon monoxide, and wherein the liquid stream comprises ethanol. At least a portion of the vapor stream is contacted with a methanation catalyst under conditions such that carbon monoxide reacts with hydrogen in the vapor stream portion to produce a treated stream comprising methane, hydrogen and less carbon monoxide than the vapor stream. At least a portion of the treated stream is returned directly or indirectly to the reaction zone and ethanol is recovered from the liquid stream. | 05-30-2013 |
20130137905 | INTEGRATED PROCESS FOR PRODUCING POLYVINYL ALCOHOL OR A COPOLYMER THEREOF AND ETHANOL - Ethanol is produced from methyl acetate by a hydrogenolysis reaction. The methyl acetate is produced as a byproduct during the conversion of a vinyl acetate polymer or copolymer to a polymer or copolymer of vinyl alcohol. The hydrogenolysis reaction also produces methanol. At least a portion of this methanol is converted to acetic acid by reaction with carbon monoxide in a carbonylation reaction. At least a portion of this acetic acid is converted to vinyl acetate monomer by a reaction with oxygen and ethylene. The vinyl acetate is polymerized to form the vinyl acetate polymer or copolymer. By integrating the two processes, a valuable product, i.e. ethanol, is produced from a methyl acetate byproduct. | 05-30-2013 |
20130137904 | INTEGRATED PROCESS FOR PRODUCING POLYVINYL ALCOHOL OR A COPOLYMER THEREOF AND ETHANOL - Ethanol is produced from methyl acetate by a hydrogenolysis reaction. The methyl acetate is produced as a byproduct during the conversion of a vinyl acetate polymer or copolymer to a polymer or copolymer of vinyl alcohol. The hydrogenolysis reaction also produces methanol. At least a portion of this methanol is converted to acetic acid by reaction with carbon monoxide in a carbonylation reaction. At least a portion of this acetic acid is converted to ethanol by a hydrogenation reaction with hydrogen. By integrating the processes as described herein, a valuable product, i.e. ethanol, is produced from a methyl acetate byproduct. | 05-30-2013 |
20130137903 | INTEGRATED PROCESS FOR PRODUCING POLYVINYL ALCOHOL OR A COPOLYMER THEREOF AND ETHANOL - Ethanol is produced from acetic acid or acetic anhydride or a mixture of acetic acid and acetic anhydride by a hydrogenation reaction. The acetic acid or acetic anhydride or a mixture of acetic acid and acetic anhydride is produced from methyl acetate by a carbonylation reaction. The methyl acetate is produced as a byproduct during the conversion of a vinyl acetate polymer or copolymer to a polymer or copolymer of vinyl alcohol. By integrating processes as described herein, a valuable product, i.e. ethanol, is produced from a methyl acetate byproduct. | 05-30-2013 |
20130137820 | Process For Producing Polyvinyl Alcohol Or A Copolymer Thereof - Acetic acid is converted to vinyl acetate monomer by a reaction with oxygen and ethylene. The vinyl acetate is polymerized to form a vinyl acetate polymer or copolymer, which is then reacted in a methanolysis reaction with methanol and base to form a polymer or copolymer of vinyl alcohol and a methyl acetate byproduct. Ethanol is produced from methyl acetate by a hydrogenolysis reaction. The hydrogenolysis reaction also produces methanol. At least a portion of this ethanol is converted to ethylene by a dehydration reaction. At least a portion of the ethylene produced in this dehydration reaction is recycled to react with acetic acid and oxygen to form vinyl acetate. By converting a byproduct and by recycle of compositions, a polymer or copolymer of vinyl alcohol is efficiently produced with minimal waste. | 05-30-2013 |
20130137819 | INTEGRATED PROCESS FOR PRODUCING POLYVINYL ALCOHOL OR A COPOLYMER THEREOF AND ETHANOL - Ethanol is produced from methyl acetate by a hydrogenolysis reaction. The methyl acetate is produced as a byproduct during the conversion of a vinyl acetate polymer or copolymer to a polymer or copolymer of vinyl alcohol. By integrating the two processes, a valuable product, i.e. ethanol, is produced from a methyl acetate byproduct. | 05-30-2013 |
20130131400 | Hydrogenating Acetic Acid to Produce Ethyl Acetate and Reducing Ethyl Acetate to Ethanol - Disclosed herein are processes for alcohol production by reducing an ethyl acetate produced by hydrogenating acetic acid in the presence of a suitable catalyst. The ethyl acetate is reduced with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst to obtain a crude reaction mixture comprising the alcohol, in particular ethanol, which may be separated from the crude reaction mixture. Thus, ethanol may be produced from acetic acid through an ethyl acetate intermediate without an esterification step. This may reduce the recycle of ethanol in the hydrogenolysis process and improve ethanol productivity. | 05-23-2013 |
20130131399 | Catalyst Preparations for High Conversion Catalysts for Producing Ethanol - A process for producing a catalyst, the process comprising the steps of: impregnating a first metal from a first metal precursor on a support to form a first impregnated support; calcining the first impregnated support; impregnating a second metal from a second metal precursor on the first impregnated support to form a second impregnated support; calcining the second impregnated support to form the catalyst, wherein the catalyst has a total metal loading of at least 2 wt. % based on the total weight of the catalyst. A method for hydrogenating alkanoic acids in the presence of the catalyst is also disclosed. | 05-23-2013 |
20130131398 | Process of Recovery of Ethanol From Hydrogenolysis Process - Disclosed herein are processes for alcohol production by reducing an esterification product, such as ethyl acetate. The processes comprise esterifying acetic acid and an alcohol such as ethanol to produce an esterification product. The esterification product is reduced with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst to obtain a crude reaction mixture comprising ethyl acetate, ethanol, and at least one alcohol having at least 4 carbon atoms. The ethanol is recovered with a reduced amount of the alcohol having at least 4 carbon atoms. | 05-23-2013 |
20130131397 | Liquid Esterification Method To Produce Ester Feed For Hydrogenolysis - Disclosed herein are processes for alcohol production by reducing an esterification product, such as ethyl acetate. The processes comprise esterifying, in the liquid phase, acetic acid and an alcohol such as ethanol to produce an esterification product. The esterification product is reduced with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst to obtain a crude reaction mixture comprising the alcohol, in particular ethanol, which may be separated from the crude reaction mixture. | 05-23-2013 |
20130131396 | Esterifying Acetic Acid To Produce Ester Feed For Hydrogenolysis - Disclosed herein are processes for alcohol production by reducing an esterification product, such as ethyl acetate. The processes comprise esterifying an excess molar ratio of acetic acid with an alcohol, such as ethanol, to produce the esterification product. The esterification product is reduced with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst to obtain a crude reaction mixture comprising the alcohol, in particular ethanol, which may be separated from the crude reaction mixture. | 05-23-2013 |
20130131395 | Continuous Ethyl Acetate Production and Hydrogenolysis Thereof - Disclosed herein are processes for alcohol production by reducing an esterification product, such as ethyl acetate. The processes comprise esterifying acetic acid and an alcohol such as ethanol to produce an esterification product. The esterification product is reduced with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst to obtain a crude reaction mixture comprising the alcohol, in particular ethanol, which may be separated from the crude reaction mixture. Ethyl acetate from the crude reaction mixture may be recovered as returned to assist in recovering the esterification product. | 05-23-2013 |
20130131394 | Integrated Esterification and Hydrogenolysis Process For Producing Ethanol - Disclosed herein are processes for alcohol production by reducing an esterification product, such as ethyl acetate. The processes comprise esterifying acetic acid and an alcohol such as ethanol to produce an esterification product. The esterification product is reduced with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst to obtain a crude reaction mixture comprising the alcohol, in particular ethanol, which may be separated from the crude reaction mixture. The crude reaction mixture may be further purified to recover ethanol. | 05-23-2013 |
20130131393 | Esterification Process Using Extractive Separation To Produce Feed For Hydrogenolysis - Disclosed herein are processes for alcohol production by reducing an esterification product, such as ethyl acetate. The processes comprise esterifying acetic acid and an alcohol such as ethanol to produce an esterification product. The esterification product may be recovered using an extractive separation. The esterification product is reduced with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst to obtain a crude reaction mixture comprising the alcohol, in particular ethanol, which may be separated from the crude reaction mixture. | 05-23-2013 |
20130131198 | Vapor Esterification Method To Produce Ester Feed For Hydrogenolysis - Disclosed herein are processes for alcohol production by reducing an esterification product, such as ethyl acetate. The processes comprise esterifying, in the vapor phase, acetic acid and an alcohol such as ethanol to produce the esterification product. The esterification product is reduced with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst to obtain a crude reaction mixture comprising the alcohol, in particular ethanol, which may be separated from the crude reaction mixture. | 05-23-2013 |
20130130025 | Polymer Latex Blends and Applications Thereof - Disclosed are blended latex dispersions which can be used as binders in paper coating compositions. Such latex dispersions comprise a first copolymer of a vinyl ester of an alkanoic acid having from 1 to 13 carbon atoms and ethylene; and a second copolymer of (i) styrene and butadiene, (ii) styrene, butadiene and acrylonitrile, or (iii) styrene and an acrylic monomer, wherein the first and second copolymers are colloidally dispersed in an aqueous medium comprising a surfactant. The paper coating compositions containing latex dispersion binders of this type preferably exhibit especially desirable coating strength as quantified by the Dry Pick Values which such compositions provide. | 05-23-2013 |
20130116480 | Integrated Process For Producing Ethanol and Water Balance Control - Described is an integrated process for producing ethanol from acetic acid in which the water from ethanol production is used to control water balance in the acetic acid production. In one embodiment, the invention comprises carbonylating methanol in a carbonylation system in the presence of a carbonylation catalyst under conditions effective to form acetic acid, hydrogenating the acetic acid in a hydrogenation system in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst to form a crude ethanol product comprising ethanol and water, separating the ethanol from the water to form an ethanol stream and a water stream, and directing at least a portion of the water stream to the carbonylation system, e.g., for use in the carbonylation reaction medium. | 05-09-2013 |
20130116479 | Integrated Process For Producing Ethanol - In one embodiment, the invention is to a process for producing ethanol, the process comprising the steps of carbonylating methanol in a carbonylation system in the presence of a carbonylation catalyst under conditions effective to form acetic acid; hydrogenating the acetic acid in a hydrogenation system in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst to form a crude ethanol product comprising ethanol and water; separating the ethanol from the water to form an ethanol stream and a water stream; and directing at least a portion of the water stream to the carbonylation system, e.g., for use as an extractant in a permanganate reducing compound removal system. | 05-09-2013 |
20130116478 | Producing Ethanol Using Two Different Streams From Acetic Acid Carbonylation Process - This invention relates to processes for producing ethanol from at least two different streams obtained by carbonylating methanol. The process comprises the steps of reacting carbon monoxide with at least one reactant in a first reactor containing a reaction medium to produce a reaction solution comprising acetic acid, wherein the at least one reactant is selected from the group consisting of methanol, methyl acetate, methyl formate, dimethyl ether and mixtures thereof and wherein the reaction medium comprises water, acetic acid, methyl iodide, and a first catalyst, purifying the reaction solution to yield an acetic acid product stream and at least one derivative stream, introducing the acetic acid product stream and the at least one derivative stream into a second reactor in the presence of a second catalyst to form a crude ethanol product, and recovering ethanol from the crude ethanol product. | 05-09-2013 |
20130116477 | Integrated Acid and Alcohol Production Process Having Flashing To Recover Acid Production Catalyst - In one embodiment, the invention is to a process for producing ethanol, comprising the step of reacting carbon monoxide with at least one reactant in a reactor containing a reaction medium to produce a liquid reaction product comprising acetic acid. The process further comprises the step of separating the reaction product in a flasher into a liquid recycle stream and a vapor stream. The vapor stream is then distilled in a rectification tower and an overhead stream and an acetic acid stream are withdrawn therefrom, wherein the acetic acid is substantially free of halogen promoters. The process further comprises the step of hydrogenating acetic acid of the acetic acid stream in the presence of a second catalyst and under conditions effective to form a crude ethanol product comprising ethanol and water. Ethanol is recovered from the crude ethanol product. | 05-09-2013 |
20130116476 | Integrated Acid and Alcohol Production Process - An integrated process for producing ethanol, comprising the step of reacting carbon monoxide with at least one reactant in a reactor containing a reaction medium to produce a liquid reaction product comprising acetic acid. The reaction medium comprises water, acetic acid, methyl acetate, a halogen promoter, and a first catalyst. The process further comprises the steps of directly feeding the liquid reaction product from the reactor to a distillation column and withdrawing from it an overhead stream comprising methyl acetate, and/or halogen promoter, a bottoms stream comprising a solution of the first catalyst, and a liquid acetic acid sidestream; and hydrogenating acetic acid of the liquid acetic acid sidestream in the presence of a second catalyst and under conditions effective to form a crude ethanol product comprising ethanol and water. No flashing vessel is used to purify the liquid reaction product. Ethanol is recovered from the crude ethanol product. | 05-09-2013 |
20130109891 | Process to Recover Alcohol with Secondary Reactors for Esterification of Acid | 05-02-2013 |
20130102810 | Methanol Carbonylation Process with Rhodium Catalyst and a Lanthanide Metal Co-Catalyst - A carbonylation process for making acetic acid using a metallic co-catalyst composition, effective as a rhodium stabilizer and/or rate promoter, at molar ratios of metal/rhodium of about 0.5 to 40. The process includes reacting methanol with carbon monoxide in the presence of a rhodium-based catalytic metal complex with about 1 to 20 weight percent methyl iodide, less than about 8 weight % water and about 0.5 to about 30 weight percent methyl acetate. The crude acetic acid is flashed and further purified. This process is stable in the absence of a lithium iodide cocatalyst, or in low concentrations of lithium iodide, with an STY greater than 10 mol/L/hr. | 04-25-2013 |
20130102809 | Methanol Carbonylation Process with Rhodium Catalyst, an Iodide Salt and a Metallic Co-Catalyst Selected from Transition Metals, Indium, Strontium, Barium, Zinc, Tin and Heteropoly Acids - A carbonylation process for making acetic acid uses a metallic co-catalyst composition effective as a rhodium stabilizer and rate promoter at molar ratios of metal/rhodium of from about 0.5 to 30. A preferred process includes: (a) reacting methanol with a carbon monoxide feedstock in a rhodium-based catalytic reaction mixture having: (i) a rhodium catalyst metal, (ii) methyl iodide maintained from about 1 to 20 weight percent, (iii) a lithium iodide co-catalyst, (iv) a metallic co-catalyst composition, (v) water maintained from 0.1 weight percent to less than 8 weight percent, (vi) methyl acetate maintained from about 0.5 to about 30 weight percent, and (vii) acetic acid; (b) flashing crude acetic acid from the reaction mixture; and (c) purifying the crude acetic acid. This process achieves stability and a STY greater than 10 mol/L/hr, with substantially less than a theoretically equivalent inorganic iodide content corresponding to the metallic co-catalyst and lithium iodide. | 04-25-2013 |
20130096341 | Methanol Carbonylation System with Multiple Absorber Feed Options - A methanol carbonylation system | 04-18-2013 |
20130090501 | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING ETHANOL USING A CRUDE VINYL ACETATE FEED - Converting a crude vinyl acetate feed to ethanol by hydrogenating the acetic acid and ethyl acetate in the crude vinyl acetate feed. The crude vinyl acetate feed may comprise acetic acid and/or ethyl acetate, as well as vinyl acetate and minor amounts of vinyl propionate. The crude vinyl acetate feed may be obtained from an azeotrope column as either a sidestream or a bottom stream in a vinyl acetate production process. | 04-11-2013 |
20130090500 | PROCESSES FOR HYDROGENATING ALKANOIC ACIDS USING CATALYST COMPRISING TUNGSTEN - A process hydrogenating alkanoic acids in the presence of a catalyst that comprises supports, one or more metals, tungsten oxide, and at least one alkaline earth metal oxide or metasilicate. The molar ratio of the at least one alkaline earth metal oxide or metasilicate to tungsten oxide, based on the metals, is from 1:3 to 5:1. | 04-11-2013 |
20130085303 | Processes for Producing Acrylic Acids and Acrylates - In one embodiment, the invention is to a process for producing an acrylate product. The process comprises the step of providing a crude product stream comprising the acrylate product, an alkylenating agent, light ends, and non-condensable gases. The process further comprises the step of separating the crude product stream to form a cooled vapor stream and at least one condensed crude product stream without the addition of heat. The process further comprise the step of separating at least a portion of the condensed crude product stream to form an alkylenating agent stream comprising at least 1 wt. % alkylenating agent and the intermediate product stream comprises acrylate product. | 04-04-2013 |
20130085302 | Processes for Producing Acrylic Acids and Acrylates - In one embodiment, the invention is to a process for producing an acrylate product. The process comprises the step of providing a crude product stream comprising the acrylate product and an alkylenating agent. The process further comprises the step of separating at least a portion of the crude product stream to form an alkylenating agent stream and an intermediate product stream. The process further comprises the step of recovering high purity acrylate product using precipitation. The alkylenating agent stream comprises at least 1 wt % alkylenating agent and the intermediate product stream comprises acrylate product. | 04-04-2013 |
20130085301 | Processes for Producing Acrylic Acids and Acrylates - In one embodiment, the invention is to a process for producing an acrylate product. The process comprises the step of providing a crude product stream comprising the acrylate product, an alkylenating agent, and water. The process further comprises the step of contacting at least a portion of the crude product stream or a derivative thereof with an extraction agent mixture to form an extract stream and a raffinate stream. The extract stream comprises acrylate product and extraction agent. The raffinate stream comprises alkylenating agent and water. Preferably, the extraction agent mixture comprises at least two extraction agents. | 04-04-2013 |
20130085300 | Processes for the Production of Acrylic Acids and Acrylates From A Trioxane Feed - In one embodiment, the invention relates to a process for producing an acrylate product. The process comprises the step of reacting a reaction mixture comprising an alkanoic acid and an alkylenating agent composition under conditions effective to form a crude acrylate product. The alkylenating agent composition comprises at least 1 wt % of a ring-structured compound comprising at least two oxygen atoms and at least one carbon atom, e.g., trioxane and/or tetraoxane. The process further comprises the step of separating at least a portion of the crude acrylate product to form at least one alkylenating agent stream and at least one purified acrylate product stream comprising acrylate product. | 04-04-2013 |
20130085299 | Processes for Producing Acrylic Acids and Acrylate with Diluted Crude Acrylate Stream - In one embodiment, the invention is to a process for producing an acrylate product. The process comprises the step of providing a crude acrylate product comprising the acrylate product and an alkylenating agent. The process further comprises the step of diluting the crude acrylate product with a diluent to form a diluted crude acrylate stream and recovering acrylate product from the diluted crude acrylate stream. | 04-04-2013 |
20130085298 | Processes for Producing Acrylic Acids and Acrylates with Liquid Product Dilution - In one embodiment, the invention is to a process for producing an acrylate product. The process comprises the step of providing a crude acrylate product comprising the acrylate product and an alkylenating agent. The process further comprises the steps of removing inert and/or reactive gases from the crude product to form a liquid acrylate stream, diluting the liquid acrylate stream with a diluent to form a diluted liquid acrylate stream, and then separating at least a portion of the diluted liquid acrylate stream to form an alkylenating agent stream and an intermediate product stream. The alkylenating agent stream comprises at least 1 wt. % alkylenating agent and the intermediate product stream comprises acrylate product. | 04-04-2013 |
20130085297 | Processes for Producing Acrylic Acids and Acrylates with Pre- and Post-Reactor Dilution - In one embodiment, the invention is to a process for producing an acrylate product. The process comprises the step of reacting a reaction mixture comprising a first diluent, an alkylenating agent and an alkanoic acid to form a crude acrylate product comprising alkylenating agent and acrylate product. The crude acrylate product is then diluted with a second diluted to form a diluted crude acrylate stream. The diluents are then removed from the diluted crude acrylate stream to form a liquid acrylate stream. The process further comprises the step of separating at least a portion of the liquid acrylate stream to form an alkylenating agent stream and an intermediate product stream. The alkylenating agent stream comprises at least 1 wt. % alkylenating agent and the intermediate product stream comprises acrylate product. | 04-04-2013 |
20130085296 | PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ACRYLIC ACIDS AND ACRYLATES - In one embodiment, the invention is to a process for producing an acrylate product. The process comprises the step of reacting a reaction mixture comprising an alkanoic acid, an alkylenating agent, and oxygen over a catalyst and under conditions effective to form a crude acrylate product. Preferably, the reaction mixture comprises from 0.5 wt % to 10 wt % oxygen. The crude acrylate product comprises acrylate product and alkylenating agent. The process further comprises the step of separating at least a portion of the crude product to form at least one alkylenating agent stream and at least one purified acrylate product stream. The purified acrylate product stream comprises acrylate product. | 04-04-2013 |
20130085295 | PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING ACRYLIC ACIDS AND ACRYLATES - In one embodiment, the invention is to a process for producing an acrylate product. The process comprises the step of reacting an alcohol and oxygen in a reactor to produce a high temperature alkylenating agent stream comprising an alkylenating agent. The process further comprises the step of contacting an alkanoic acid with at least a portion of the high temperature alkylenating agent stream under conditions effective to form a crude product stream comprising acrylate product and alkylenating agent. The process further comprises the step of separating at least a portion of the crude product stream to form at least one alkylenating agent stream and at least one purified acrylate product stream comprising acrylate product. | 04-04-2013 |
20130085294 | PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING ACRYLIC ACIDS AND ACRYLATES - In one embodiment, the invention is to a process for producing an acrylate product. The process comprises the step of providing a crude product stream comprising the acrylate product and an alkylenating agent. The process further comprises the step of separating at least a portion of the crude product stream to form an alkylenating agent stream and an intermediate product stream. The alkylenating agent stream comprises at least 1 wt % alkylenating agent and the intermediate product stream comprises acrylate product. | 04-04-2013 |
20130085293 | CATALYSTS FOR PRODUCING ACRYLIC ACIDS AND ACRYLATES - In one embodiment, the invention is to a catalyst composition comprising vanadium and titanium. The catalyst composition further comprises ethylene glycol and citric acid. Preferably, the catalyst composition is substantially free of oxalic acid and lactic acid. | 04-04-2013 |
20130085292 | Processes for Producing Acrylic Acids and Acrylates - In one embodiment, the invention is to a process for producing an acrylate product. The process comprises the step of reacting an alkanoic acid and an alkylenating agent under conditions effective to produce a crude acrylate product. A molar ratio of alkylenating agent to alkanoic acid is maintained at a level of at least 1. | 04-04-2013 |
20130081936 | Processes for Producing Acrylic Acids and Acrylates - In one embodiment, the invention is to a process for producing an acrylate product. The process comprises the step of providing a crude product stream comprising the acrylate product and an alkylenating agent. The process further comprises the step of separating at least a portion of the crude product stream to form an alkylenating agent stream and an intermediate product stream. The alkylenating agent stream comprises at least 1 wt % alkylenating agent and the intermediate product stream comprises acrylate product. The separating is performed in at least one column at an operating pressure ranging from 40 kPa to 80 kPa. | 04-04-2013 |
20130079553 | CATALYSTS FOR PRODUCING ACRYLIC ACIDS AND ACRYLATES - In one embodiment, the invention is to a catalyst composition comprising vanadium and titanium. The catalyst composition has a surface area of at least 22.6 m | 03-28-2013 |
20130072728 | Process for Vapor Phase Hydrogenation - A process for selective formation of ethanol from acetic acid includes contacting a feed stream containing acetic acid and hydrogen at an elevated temperature with catalyst comprising platinum and tin on a high surface area silica promoted with calcium metasilicate. Selectivities to ethanol of over 85% are achieved at 280° C. with catalyst life in the hundreds of hours. | 03-21-2013 |
20130066107 | Production of Acetic Acid with High Conversion Rate - A process for producing acetic acid comprising the steps of reacting carbon monoxide and at least one of methanol and a methanol derivative in a first reactor under conditions effective to produce a crude acetic acid product; separating the crude acetic acid product into at least one derivative stream, at least one of the at least one derivative stream comprising residual carbon monoxide; and reacting at least a portion of the residual carbon monoxide with at least one of methanol and a methanol derivative over a metal catalyst in a second reactor to produce additional acetic acid. Preferably the second reactor is a homogeneous reactor and a reactor carbon monoxide partial pressure is less than 1.05 MPa. | 03-14-2013 |
20130058842 | Method and Apparatus for Carbonylating Methanol with Acetic Acid Enriched Flash Stream - A carbonylation process for producing acetic acid including: (a) carbonylating methanol or its reactive derivatives in the presence of a Group VIII metal catalyst and methyl iodide promoter to produce a liquid reaction mixture including acetic acid, water, methyl acetate and methyl iodide; (b) feeding the liquid reaction mixture at a feed temperature to a flash vessel which is maintained at a reduced pressure; (c) heating the flash vessel while concurrently flashing the reaction mixture to produce a crude product vapor stream, wherein the reaction mixture is selected and the flow rate of the reaction mixture fed to the flash vessel as well as the amount of heat supplied to the flash vessel is controlled such that the temperature of the crude product vapor stream is maintained at a temperature less than 90° F. cooler than the feed temperature of the liquid reaction mixture to the flasher and the concentration of acetic acid in the crude product vapor stream is greater than 70% by weight of the crude product vapor stream. | 03-07-2013 |
20130056422 | REDUCTION OF ORGANIC PHOSPHORUS ACIDS - The present invention is to a process for reducing and removing organic phosphorus acid from waste stream. The process involves adding a multivalent metal salt to the waste stream and adjusting the pH level of the waste stream to an optimum level to maximize the removal of organic phosphorus acid. | 03-07-2013 |
20130053606 | Process for Producing Ethanol Using An Extractive Distillation Column - Recovery of ethanol from a crude ethanol product obtained from the hydrogenation of acetic acid. Separation and purification processes of crude ethanol product are employed to allow recovery of ethanol and remove impurities. In addition, the process involves separating the crude ethanol product using an extractive distillation column that employs an extraction agent, such as a recycled stream comprising water. | 02-28-2013 |
20130053605 | Process for Recovering Ethanol - Recovery of ethanol from a crude ethanol product obtained from the hydrogenation of acetic acid. Separation and purification processes of the crude ethanol products are employed to allow recovery of ethanol and remove impurities. | 02-28-2013 |
20130053599 | CATALYSTS FOR PRODUCING ACRYLIC ACIDS AND ACRYLATES - In one embodiment, the invention is to a catalyst composition comprising titanium, phosphorus, and less than 1 wt. % vanadium. The catalyst composition has a molar ratio of phosphorus to titanium of at least 1.0:1.0. | 02-28-2013 |
20130053475 | Additive Composition for Mortars, Cements and Joint Compounds and Cementitious Compositions Made Therefrom - An additive composition for mortars, exterior insulation finish systems, self-leveling compounds and joint compounds is disclosed. The additive composition contains a nitrogen-containing polymer and a reactive agent capable of forming a crosslinking reaction with the nitrogen-containing polymer. Small amounts of the additive composition contained in a product not only can increase one or more properties of the product but can also minimize the use of redispersible polymers in the product. | 02-28-2013 |
20130046120 | INTEGRATED PROCESS FOR PRODUCING ETHANOL - Processes and systems for forming ethanol from methanol. The process involves carbonylating the methanol to form acetic acid and hydrogenating the acetic acid to form ethanol. In a first aspect, at least some hydrogen for the hydrogenating step is derived from a tail gas stream formed in the carbonylation step. In a second aspect, at least some carbon monoxide for the carbonylation step is derived from a vapor stream in the hydrogenation system. In a third aspect, a syngas stream is separated to form a hydrogen stream and a carbon monoxide stream, and the hydrogen stream is methanated to remove residual carbon monoxide prior to being introduced into the hydrogenation system. | 02-21-2013 |
20130046119 | INTEGRATED PROCESS FOR PRODUCING ETHANOL FROM METHANOL - Processes and systems for forming ethanol from methanol. The process involves carbonylating the methanol to form acetic acid and hydrogenating the acetic acid to form ethanol. In a first aspect, at least some hydrogen for the hydrogenating step is derived from a tail gas stream formed in the carbonylation step. In a second aspect, at least some carbon monoxide for the carbonylation step is derived from a vapor stream in the hydrogenation system. In a third aspect, a syngas stream is separated to form a hydrogen stream and a carbon monoxide stream, and the hydrogen stream is methanated to remove residual carbon monoxide prior to being introduced into the hydrogenation system. | 02-21-2013 |
20130046113 | PROCESS FOR PURIFYING ETHANOL - Purifying and/or recovery of ethanol from a crude ethanol product obtained from the hydrogenation of acetic acid. Separation and purification processes of crude ethanol mixture are employed to allow recovery of ethanol and remove impurities. In addition, the process involves returning acetaldehyde separated from the crude ethanol product to the reactor. | 02-21-2013 |
20130046089 | ACETYLATION OF CELLULOSE IN DENSIFIED GAS - Cellulose acetates and processes for producing same. The process involves esterifying a cellulose containing material in the presence of a densified gas such as supercritical carbon dioxide to form a cellulose acetate product having a degree of substitution less than 3. The cellulose acetate preferably is sulfate-free. | 02-21-2013 |
20130046032 | INTEGRATED PROCESS FOR PRODUCING ETHANOL FROM METHANOL - Processes and systems for forming ethanol from methanol. The process involves carbonylating the methanol to form acetic acid and hydrogenating the acetic acid to form ethanol. In a first aspect, at least some hydrogen for the hydrogenating step is derived from a tail gas stream formed in the carbonylation step. In a second aspect, at least some carbon monoxide for the carbonylation step is derived from a vapor stream in the hydrogenation system. In a third aspect, a syngas stream is separated to form a hydrogen stream and a carbon monoxide stream, and the hydrogen stream is methanated to remove residual carbon monoxide prior to being introduced into the hydrogenation system. | 02-21-2013 |
20130035524 | PROCESS FOR RECOVERING ALCOHOL - Recovery of an alcohol such as ethanol from a crude alcohol product, preferably obtained from the hydrogenation of acetic acid using a low energy process. The crude ethanol product is separated in a column to produce a distillate stream comprising ethyl acetate and a residue stream comprising ethanol, acetic acid, and water. The ethanol product is recovered in a second column as an ethanol side stream. | 02-07-2013 |
20130035523 | Reducing Acetals During Ethanol Separation Process - To reduce acetal concentrations when separating ethanol from a crude product in one or more distillation column, at least one of the columns is operated at a higher pressure to increase the equilibrium constant that favors hydrolysis of the acetal. The crude product may comprise ethanol, acetaldehyde, water and one or more acetals, such as diethyl acetal. The acetal concentration may be reduced thus reducing the need to separate acetal from the crude product. | 02-07-2013 |
20130035522 | Processes for Separating Ethanol Having Low Acid - A process for reducing ethyl acetate and/or diethyl acetal concentration of a crude ethanol product by hydrolysis is disclosed. A portion of the water is initially separated from the crude ethanol product in a first column residue. Ethyl acetate in the first column distillate is hydrolyzed to form additional ethanol and acetic acid. Product ethanol is recovered in a second distillation column preferably in a side stream and acetic acid is removed in the second column residue. | 02-07-2013 |
20130035521 | Process for Separating Ethanol Having Low Acid - A process for operating a distillation column to separate an ethanol mixture comprising ethanol and acetic acid where the recovered ethanol comprises less than 700 wppm acetic acid. The operating conditions for the column may vary depending on the fed composition. In particular the process provides energy efficient recovery of ethanol with low concentration acetic acid. | 02-07-2013 |
20130035520 | REDUCING IMPURITIES IN HYDROGENATION PROCESSES WITH MULTIPLE REACTION ZONES - In a hydrogenation processes, a second lower temperature hydrogenation reactor is used to control the concentration of impurities, namely ethyl acetate, acetaldehyde, and acetal, prior to separating the reaction mixtures. Controlling impurities reduces the need for separation capital and improves overall efficiencies for recovering alcohols. | 02-07-2013 |
20130035519 | REDUCING ACETALS AND/OR ESTERS DURING ETHANOL SEPARATION PROCESS - To reduce acetal and/or ester concentrations when separating ethanol from a crude product in one or more distillation column, at least one of the columns is operated at a higher pressure to increase the equilibrium constant that favors hydrolysis of the acetal. The crude product may comprise ethanol, acetaldehyde, water, ethyl acetate and one or more acetals, such as diethyl acetal. The acetal and/or ester concentration may be reduced thus reducing the need to separate acetal and/or ester from the crude product. | 02-07-2013 |
20130035518 | REDUCING ACETALS DURING ETHANOL SEPARATION PROCESS USING HIGH PRESSURE DISTILLATION COLUMN - To reduce acetal concentrations when separating ethanol from a crude product in one or more distillation column, at least one of the columns is operated at a higher pressure to increase the equilibrium constant that favors hydrolysis of the acetal. The crude product may comprise ethanol, acetaldehyde, water and one or more acetals, such as diethyl acetal. The acetal concentration may be reduced thus reducing the need to separate acetal from the crude product. | 02-07-2013 |
20130035517 | PRODUCTION OF ALCOHOLS - A process is described for producing an alcohol product, in which (a) a first feed composition comprising acetic acid is converted to a product comprising acetone; and (b) a second feed composition comprising at least part of the acetone produced in (a) is hydrogenated in the presence of a catalyst to produce a hydrogenation effluent comprising isopropanol. | 02-07-2013 |
20130035516 | Process for Purifying a Crude Ethanol Product - In one embodiment, the invention is to a process for purifying a crude ethanol product. The process comprises the step of hydrogenating acetic acid in a first reaction zone in the presence of a first catalyst to form the crude ethanol product comprising ethanol, acetaldehyde, acetic acid, water, and acetal. The process further comprises the step of separating at least a portion of the crude ethanol product into a refined ethanol stream and a by-product stream. The refined ethanol stream comprises ethanol and acetaldehyde; and the by-product stream comprises acetic acid and a substantial portion of the water from the crude ethanol product. The process further comprises the step of hydrolyzing in a second reaction zone at least a portion of the acetal. | 02-07-2013 |
20130032467 | VAPOR SEPARATION IN ALCOHOL PRODUCTION - Two or more vapor-liquid separators are used in a process for removing at least one non-condensable gas from a crude alcohol mixture prepared by hydrogenating alkanoic acid and/or esters thereof. The vapor-liquid separators may comprise flashers or knock-out pots and are suitable for removing non-condensable gas, including those gases that are dissolved in the liquid. The multiple vapor-liquid separators may be in series prior to any separation of organic components. In addition, there may be a vapor-liquid separator before and after a distillation column for treating the feed to the column. | 02-07-2013 |
20130032466 | ETHANOL SEPARATION PROCESS HAVING STRIPPING SECTION FOR REDUCING ACETALS - To reduce acetal concentrations when separating ethanol from a crude product in one or more distillation column, at least one of the columns has a stripping section that comprises at least 40 stages to favor hydrolysis of the acetal. The crude product may comprise ethanol, acetaldehyde, water and one or more acetals, such as diethyl acetal. The acetal concentration may be reduced thus reducing the need to separate acetal from the crude product. | 02-07-2013 |
20130000057 | PREPARATION OF INDIGO-DYED COTTON DENIM FABRICS AND GARMENTS - Disclosed herein is the preparation of indigo-dyed cotton denim fabrics suitable for use in making cotton denim garments and other denim articles. These indigo-dyed fabrics are prepared from cotton warp yarn which has been pre-treated with an emulsion copolymer prior to being contacted with an aqueous dye liquor comprising a dispersion of an indigo dyestuff. Such copolymer-treated cotton warp yarn can be woven or knitted into cotton denim griege fabrics along with untreated cotton weft yarn. Such griege denim fabric can then be indigo-dyed using the aqueous dye liquor. Alternatively, the emulsion copolymer-treated cotton warp yarn can be indigo-dyed by contact with the aqueous dye liquor before this warp yarn is incorporated into denim fabric along with the untreated cotton weft yarn. The cotton denim fabric produced by either method has the appearance of conventional ring-dyed indigo fabrics. | 01-03-2013 |